Diabete Y'Ubwoko Bwa Mbere Mu Bana

Diabete ya type 1 mu bana ni uburwayi aho umubiri w'umwana wawe uba utakibasha gukora hormone ikomeye (insuline). Umwana wawe akeneye insuline kugira ngo abeho, bityo insuline ibura igomba gusimburwa n'injeksiyon cyangwa pompe y'insuline. Diabete ya type 1 mu bana mbere yari izwi nka diabete y'abana cyangwa diabete isaba insuline.

Kumenya ko umwana arwaye diabete ya type 1 bishobora gutera ubwoba, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro. Bitunguranye, wowe n'umwana wawe — bitewe n'imyaka y'umwana wawe — mugomba kwiga gutera inshinge, kubara karubone no kugenzura isukari mu maraso.

Nta muti uwo ari wo wose wa diabete ya type 1 mu bana, ariko ishobora kuvurwa. Iterambere mu kugenzura isukari mu maraso no gutanga insuline byateje imbere imicungire y'isukari mu maraso n'imibereho myiza y'abana barwaye diabete ya type 1.

Ibimenyetso n'ibibonwa bya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere mu bana bikunda kugaragara vuba, kandi bishobora kuba birimo: Ikunzwe cyane Gushobora gukora kenshi, bishobora kuba no kunyara mu buriri umwana watojwe kujya ku musarani Inzara ikabije Gutakaza ibiro bitateganijwe Uruguruka Kwiheba cyangwa guhinduka kw'imyitwarire Impumuro y'imbuto mu miheha Reba umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso cyangwa ibintu bya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere.

Jya kwa muganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso bya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere.

Impamvu nyakuri itera diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere ntiiramenyekana. Ariko kuri benshi bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere, urwego rw'umubiri rushinzwe kurwanya indwara (système immunitaire) — rusanzwe rurwanya udukoko twangiza n'ibyorezo — mu buryo butari bwo rwangiza uturemangingo two mu kibuno (islet) bikora insuline mu mpyiko. Igenamiterere n'ibintu by'ibidukikije bigaragara ko bigira uruhare muri uwo muhate.

Iyo utwo turemangingo two mu kibuno cy'impyiko twangiritse, umwana wawe akora insuline nke cyangwa ntayo akore. Insuline ikora akazi gakomeye ko kwambutsa isukari (glucose) kuva mu maraso ajya mu turemangingo tw'umubiri kugira ngo tugire imbaraga.

Isukari yinjirira mu maraso iyo ibiryo byashizwe mu gifu. Iyo insuline idahagije, isukari yiyongera mu maraso y'umwana wawe. Ibi bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zishobora kwica umuntu iyo bititaweho.

Diabete ikiranga cya mbere ikunze kugaragara mu bana, ariko ishobora kugaragara ku myaka yose. Ibintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara diabete ikiranga cya mbere mu bana birimo:

• Amateka y'umuryango. Umuntu wese ufite umubyeyi cyangwa umuvandimwe ufite diabete ikiranga cya mbere afite ibyago byiyongereye gato byo kurwara iyo ndwara.
• Uruhererekane rw'imiterere y'umubiri (Genetics). Imwe mu miterere y'imibiri igaragaza ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara diabete ikiranga cya mbere.
• Ubwoko bw'abantu. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, diabete ikiranga cya mbere igaragara cyane mu bana b'abazungu batari Abahispanike kurusha abana b'amoko y'abandi.
• Virusi zimwe na zimwe. Kwandura virusi zitandukanye bishobora gutera kurimbuka kw'uturemangingo twa islet biterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri.

Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere ishobora kugira ingaruka ku nzego zikomeye z'umubiri wawe. Kugumana igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso hafi y'ibisanzwe igihe kinini bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byinshi by'ingaruka mbi. Ingaruka mbi zishobora kuba: Indwara z'umutima n'imijyana y'amaraso. Diabete yongerera umwana wawe ibyago byo kugira ibibazo nk'imijyana y'amaraso igoswe, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, indwara z'umutima n'impanuka zo mu bwonko mu gihe kizaza.

Kwangirika kw'imijyana. Isukari nyinshi ishobora gukomeretsa imbibi z'imijyana mito mito itunga imijyana y'umwana wawe. Ibi bishobora gutera kuribwa, kubabara, gutwika cyangwa kubabara. Kwangirika kw'imijyana bisanzwe biba buhoro buhoro mu gihe kirekire.

Kwangirika kw'impyiko. Diabete ishobora kwangiza imiterere mito mito y'imijyana mu mpyiko icukura imyanda mu maraso y'umwana wawe.

Kwangirika kw'amaso. Diabete ishobora kwangiza imijyana y'amaso ya retina, ibyo bishobora gutera ibibazo by'ububone.

Osteoporose. Diabete ishobora kugabanya ubucucike bw'amagufwa, yongera ibyago by'osteoporose ku mwana wawe nk'umuntu mukuru. Urashobora gufasha umwana wawe gukumira ingaruka mbi za diabete ukoresheje: Gukorana n'umwana wawe kugira ngo mugumane uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura isukari mu maraso uko bishoboka kose

Kwigisha umwana wawe akamaro ko kurya indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe

Gutegura gusura inzobere mu kuvura diabete y'umwana wawe buri gihe Abana bafite diabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bafite ibyago byo kugira izindi ndwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, nko kurwara umwijima na celiac. Umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe ashobora kugutegeka gupimwa izi ndwara.

Ubu nta buryo bwo gukumira burwayi bwa diyabete y'ubwoko bwa 1 buhamye buhari, ariko ubu bushakashatsi burakomeye cyane. Anticorps zijyana na diyabete y'ubwoko bwa 1 mu bana bafite ibyago byinshi by'iyi ndwara zishobora kugaragara amezi cyangwa imyaka mbere y'ibimenyetso bya mbere bya diyabete y'ubwoko bwa 1. Abashakashatsi bakora kuri:

• Gukumira cyangwa gutinza itangira rya diyabete y'ubwoko bwa 1 mu bantu bafite ibyago byinshi by'iyi ndwara.
• Gukumira kwangirika kurushaho kw'uturemangingo twa islet mu bantu baherutse kuvurwa.

Hariho ibizamini by'amaraso byinshi byo gupima diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere mu bana. Ibi bizamini bikoresha mu gupima diyabete no kugenzura uko diyabete ivurwa:

• Ikizamini cy'isukari y'amaraso ryakozwe ku gihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Iri ni ryo kizamini cya mbere cyo gupima diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere. Igipimo cy'amaraso gifatwa ku gihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rwa miligarama 200 kuri desilitri (mg/dL), cyangwa milimoli 11.1 kuri litiro (mmol/L), cyangwa hejuru, hamwe n'ibimenyetso, bigaragaza diyabete.
• Ikizamini cya hemoglobine isukariye (A1C). Iri kizamini rigaragaza urwego rw'isukari y'amaraso y'umwana wawe mu mezi atatu ashize. Urwego rwa A1C rwa 6.5% cyangwa hejuru mu bipimo bibiri bitandukanye bigaragaza diyabete.
• Ikizamini cy'isukari y'amaraso yo mu gifu. Igipimo cy'amaraso gifatwa nyuma y'uko umwana wawe atariye (yifashe) byibuze amasaha 8 cyangwa ijoro ryose. Urwego rw'isukari yo mu gifu rwa mg/dL 126 (7.0 mmol/L) cyangwa hejuru bigaragaza diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere.

Niba ibizamini by'isukari mu maraso bigaragaza diyabete, umuvuzi wawe ashobora kugusaba ibindi bizamini kugira ngo habeho itandukaniro hagati ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa kabiri kuko uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko. Ibindi bizamini birimo ibizamini by'amaraso byo gusuzuma antikorora zisanzwe muri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere.

Ubuvuzi bwa diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere burimo:\n\n- Gufata insuline\n- Gupima isukari mu maraso\n- Kurya ibiryo byiza\n- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe\n\nUzajya ukorana bya hafi n'itsinda ryita ku burwayi bwa diyabete bw'umwana wawe—abaganga, inzobere mu kuvura no kwigisha ku diyabete, n'inzobere mu mirire.\nIntego y'ubuvuzi ni ugutuma isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso iba muri urwego runaka. Uru rwego rufasha kugira ngo isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso ibe hafi ya kamere bishoboka.\n\nUmuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe azakumenyesha urwego rw'isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso. Uru rwego rushobora guhinduka uko umwana wawe akura.\n\nUmuntu wese ufite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere akeneye kuvurwa ubuzima bwe bwose akoresheje ubwoko bumwe cyangwa birenga bya insuline kugira ngo abashe kubaho.\n\nHariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa insuline, birimo:\n\n- Insuline ikora vuba. Ubu bwoko bwa insuline butangira gukora mu minota 15. Bugera ku gipimo cyacyo gikomeye mu minota 60 kandi buramara amasaha agera kuri 4. Ubu bwoko bukunze gukoreshwa iminota 15 kugeza kuri 20 mbere y'ifunguro. Ingero ni lispro (Humalog, Admelog), aspart (NovoLog, Fiasp) na glulisine (Apidra).\n- Insuline ikora buhorohooro. Rimwe na rimwe yitwa insuline isanzwe, ubu bwoko butangira gukora hafi iminota 30 nyuma yo guterwa inshinge. Bugera ku gipimo cyacyo gikomeye mu minota 90 kugeza kuri 120 kandi buramara amasaha 4 kugeza kuri 6. Ingero ni insuline y'abantu (Humulin R, Novolin R).\n- Insuline ikora buhoro. Nanone yitwa insuline ya NPH, ubu bwoko bwa insuline butangira gukora mu masaha 1 kugeza kuri 3. Bugera ku gipimo cyacyo gikomeye mu masaha 6 kugeza kuri 8 kandi buramara amasaha 12 kugeza kuri 24. Ingero ni insuline ya NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N).\n- Insuline ikora igihe kirekire cyane. Ubu bwoko bwa insuline bushobora gutanga ubuvuzi kugeza ku masaha 14 kugeza kuri 40. Ingero ni glargine (Lantus, Toujeo, izindi), detemir (Levemir) na degludec (Tresiba).\n\nAmahitamo yo gutanga insuline arimo:\n\n- Umugozi mwiza n'inzinga. Ibi bisa n'urushinge ushobora kubona mu biro by'abaganga, ariko ufite inzinga nto cyane n'umugozi muto cyane, mugufu.\n- Ikarandi ya insuline ifite umugozi mwiza. Iki gikoresho kimeze nk'ikaramu y'ubwenge, usibye ko ikarito yuzuyemo insuline. Umugozi uhambiriweho kugira ngo uterwe inshinge.\n- Pompe ya insuline. Iki ni igikoresho gito cyambarwa hanze y'umubiri wawe, ugishyiraho gahunda yo gutanga ingano runaka ya insuline umunsi wose no mugihe urya. Umugozi uhuza ikibindi cya insuline n'umuyoboro uterwa munsi y'uruhu rw'inda yawe.\n\nHariho kandi igisubizo cya pompe idafite umugozi, gikubiyemo kwambara ikibindi kirimo insuline ku mubiri wawe hamwe n'umuyoboro muto uterwa munsi y'uruhu rwawe.\n\nPompe ya insuline. Iki ni igikoresho gito cyambarwa hanze y'umubiri wawe, ugishyiraho gahunda yo gutanga ingano runaka ya insuline umunsi wose no mugihe urya. Umugozi uhuza ikibindi cya insuline n'umuyoboro uterwa munsi y'uruhu rw'inda yawe.\n\nHariho kandi igisubizo cya pompe idafite umugozi, gikubiyemo kwambara ikibindi kirimo insuline ku mubiri wawe hamwe n'umuyoboro muto uterwa munsi y'uruhu rwawe.\n\nWowe cyangwa umwana wawe muzakenera kugenzura no kwandika isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso byibuze inshuro enye ku munsi. Ubusanzwe, wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mupima glucose y'amaraso mbere ya buri ifunguro no mugihe cyo kuryama, rimwe na rimwe hagati mu gicuku. Ariko wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mushobora kuba mukenera kuyipima kenshi niba umwana wawe adafite igikoresho gikurikirana glucose buri gihe.\n\nIsuzuma rya kenshi ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kugenzura ko urwego rw'isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso ruguma mu rwego rwifuza.\n\nIgikoresho gikurikirana glucose buri gihe, ibumoso, ni igikoresho gipima isukari yawe mu maraso buri minota mike hakoreshejwe umwobo uterwa munsi y'uruhu. Pompe ya insuline, ihambiriwe ku mufuka, ni igikoresho cyambarwa hanze y'umubiri gifite umugozi uhuza ikibindi cya insuline n'umuyoboro uterwa munsi y'uruhu rw'inda. Pompes za insuline zishyirwaho gahunda yo gutanga ingano runaka ya insuline byikora kandi mugihe urya.\n\nIbikoresho bikurikirana glucose buri gihe (CGM) bipima isukari yawe mu maraso buri minota mike hakoreshejwe umwobo w'igihe gito uterwa munsi y'uruhu. Bimwe mu bikoresho bigaragaza isomo ryawe rya isukari mu maraso igihe cyose kuri receiver cyangwa kuri terefone yawe cyangwa kuri smartwatch, ibindi bikaba bisaba ko ugenzura isukari yawe mu maraso ukoresheje receiver hejuru y'umwobo.\n\nSisitemu ifunze ni igikoresho giterwa mu mubiri gihuza igikoresho gikurikirana glucose buri gihe na pompe ya insuline. Iki gikoresho kirigenzura urwego rw'isukari mu maraso buri gihe. Igikoresho gitanga byikora ingano ikwiye ya insuline iyo iki gikoresho kigaragaza ko ikenewe.\n\nIkigo cy'Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n'imiti (FDA) cyemereye sisitemu nyinshi zifunze zivanze kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere. Zivugwa ko ari “zivanze” kuko izi sisitemu zisaba ibintu bimwe na bimwe bivuye ku mukoresha. Urugero, ushobora kuba ugomba kubwira iki gikoresho umubare w'ibinyampeke byaribwe, cyangwa kwemeza urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rimwe na rimwe.\n\nSisitemu ifunze idasaba ibintu byavuye ku mukoresha ntabwo iraboneka. Ariko izi sisitemu nyinshi ubu ziri mu igeragezwa rya muganga.\n\nIbiryo ni igice kinini cy'umugambi wose wo kuvura diyabete, ariko ibyo ntibisobanura ko umwana wawe agomba gukurikiza “indyo ya diyabete” ikomeye. Kimwe n'abandi bo mu muryango, indyo y'umwana wawe ikwiye kuba irimo ibiryo byinshi bifite intungamubiri kandi bike mu mavuta no mu kalori, nka:\n\n- Imboga\n- Imbuto\n- Ibinyamisogwe byoroshye\n- Ibinyamisogwe byuzuye\n\nInzobere mu mirire y'umwana wawe irashobora kugufasha gukora gahunda y'ibiryo ihuye n'ibyo umwana wawe akunda kurya n'intego z'ubuzima bwe, ndetse no kugufasha gutegura ibyo kurya rimwe na rimwe. Inzobere mu mirire izakwigisha uburyo bwo kubara ibinyampeke biri mu biryo kugira ngo ukoreshe ayo makuru mugihe ugerageza kumenya umunyu wa insuline.\n\nBuri wese akeneye imyitozo ngororamubiri ya aerobic buri gihe, kandi abana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere ntibatandukanye.\n\nAriko ibuka ko imyitozo ngororamubiri ishobora kugira ingaruka ku isukari mu maraso. Iyi ngaruka ku maraso ishobora guhoraho amasaha nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, bishoboka ko no mu ijoro ryose. Wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mushobora kuba mukenera guhindura gahunda y'ibiryo by'umwana wawe cyangwa umunyu wa insuline kubera ibikorwa byiyongereye.\n\nNiba umwana wawe atangiye igikorwa gishya, genzura isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso kenshi ugereranije kugeza igihe wowe n'umwana wawe mwamenye uko umubiri we uhangana n'icyo gikorwa.\n\nKora imyitozo ngororamubiri igice cy'imirimo ya buri munsi y'umwana wawe. Shishikariza umwana wawe gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri byibuze iminota 60 buri munsi cyangwa, byaba byiza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri hamwe n'umwana wawe.\n\nIsakari mu maraso rimwe na rimwe ishobora guhinduka mu buryo budateganijwe. Muri ibyo bibazo, gupima isukari mu maraso kenshi birashobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo no kuyobora ubuvuzi. Baza itsinda ryita ku burwayi bwa diyabete bw'umwana wawe uburyo bwo guhangana n'ibi bibazo n'ibindi:\n\n- Kurya ibyo umwana akunda gusa. Abana bato cyane bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bashobora kutava ku mbabazi zabo, ibyo bikaba biba ikibazo niba bamaze guhabwa insuline kuri ibyo biryo.\n- Uburwayi. Uburwayi bugira ingaruka zitandukanye ku bakeneye insuline. Hormone zikora mugihe cy'uburwayi zizamura urwego rw'isukari mu maraso, ariko kugabanuka kw'ibinyampeke kubera ubushake buke cyangwa kuruka bigabanya ibyo ukeneye insuline. Umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe azagira inama yo guterwa inshinge ya grippe buri mwaka kandi ashobora kugira inama yo guterwa inshinge ya pneumonie ndetse n'urukingo rwa COVID-19 niba umwana wawe afite imyaka 5 cyangwa arengeje.\n- Kwihuta kw'ubukure n'ubwangavu. Igihe umaze kumenya ibyo umwana wawe akeneye insuline, atera imbere mu buryo butunguranye, kandi akaba atagihabwa insuline ihagije. Hormone zishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku byo ukeneye insuline, cyane cyane ku bakobwa bakiri bato uko batangira imihango.\n- Ibitotsi. Kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo by'isukari nke mu ijoro, ushobora kuba ukeneye guhindura gahunda ya insuline y'umwana wawe n'igihe cyo kurya ibyo kurya.\n- Guhinduka kw'igihe gito mu mirimo. Nubwo uteganya, iminsi ntiyahora imwe. Genzura isukari mu maraso kenshi mugihe gahunda ihinduka bitunguranye. Tegura iminsi mikuru, ibirori bidasanzwe n'ibiruhuko.\n\nUmwana wawe azakenera gupimwa buri gihe kugira ngo habeho ubuvuzi bwiza bwa diyabete. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo isuzuma ry'imiterere y'isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso, ibyo akeneye insuline, kurya no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.\n\nUmuganga wawe kandi arakora isuzuma ry'urwego rwa A1C rw'umwana wawe. Ishyirahamwe rya Amerika ryita ku diyabete risaba muri rusange A1C ya 7% cyangwa munsi yaho kuri abana n'abangavu bose bafite diyabete.\n\nUmuganga wawe azajya kandi apima buri gihe:\n\n- Uku kubaho\n- Urwego rw'ikolesterol\n- Imikorere ya thyroid\n- Imikorere y'impyiko\n- Amaguru\n- Amaso\n\Nubwo wakora uko ushoboye kose, rimwe na rimwe ibibazo bizaduka. Ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'igihe gito bya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bisaba ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa cyangwa bishobora kuba bibi cyane, birimo:\n\n- Isakari nke mu maraso (hypoglycemia)\n- Isakari nyinshi mu maraso (hyperglycemia)\n- Ketoacidose ya diyabete (DKA)\n\nHypoglycemia ni urwego rw'isukari mu maraso ruri munsi y'urwego rwifuza rw'umwana wawe. Urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rushobora kugabanuka kubera impamvu nyinshi, harimo kudakora ifunguro, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kurusha ubusanzwe cyangwa guterwa insuline nyinshi. Isakari nke mu maraso si ikintu kidasanzwe ku bantu bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere, ariko niba idakize vuba, ibimenyetso bizakomeza kuba bibi.\n\nIbimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso birimo:\n\n- Kubura amaraso\n- Kuzuyaza\n- Inzara\n- Kwishima\n- Kugira umujinya n'ibindi bihinduka mu mico\n- Kugorana kwibanda cyangwa kwivanga\n- Kuzenguruka cyangwa kugira umutwe\n- Kubura ubushobozi bwo guhuza\n- Kuvuga nabi\n- Kubura ubwenge\n- Kugwa mu marangamutima\n\nWigishe umwana wawe ibimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso. Iyo uhangayitse, agomba buri gihe gupima isukari mu maraso. Niba igikoresho gipima glucose kitaboneka kandi umwana wawe afite ibimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso, uvure isukari nke mu maraso, hanyuma upime vuba bishoboka.\n\nNiba umwana wawe afite isomo rya isukari nke mu maraso:\n\n- Tanga ibintu byoroshye by'ibinyampeke. Mwereke umwana wawe kurya garama 15 kugeza kuri 20 z'ibintu byoroshye by'ibinyampeke, nka jus ya matunda, imiti ya glucose, amagambo akomeye, soda isanzwe (itari ya diet) cyangwa ikindi kintu gifite isukari. Ibiryo birimo amavuta yongewemo, nka shokola cyangwa ice cream, ntibizamura isukari mu maraso vuba kuko amavuta agabanya umuvuduko w'isukari.\n- Ongera upime isukari mu maraso. Ongera upime isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso nyuma y'iminota 15 kugira ngo ube wizeye ko yasubiye mu rwego rwifuza. Niba atari byo, subiramo gutanga ibintu byoroshye by'ibinyampeke no gupima nyuma y'iminota 15 uko bikenewe kugeza igihe ubonye isomo riri mu rwego rwifuza rw'umwana wawe.\n- Komeza ufate ibyo kurya cyangwa ifunguro. Iyo isukari mu maraso isubiye mu rwego rwifuza, umwana wawe afate ibyo kurya byiza cyangwa ifunguro kugira ngo wirinde ikindi kintu cy'isukari nke mu maraso.\n\nNiba isukari nke mu maraso ituma umwana wawe atakaza ubwenge, guterwa inshinge y'ihutirwa ya hormone izamura isukari mu maraso (glucagon) bishobora kuba bikenewe.\n\nHyperglycemia ni urwego rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hejuru y'urwego rwifuza rw'umwana wawe. Urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rushobora kuzamuka kubera impamvu nyinshi, harimo uburwayi, kurya cyane, kurya ubwoko bumwe bw'ibiryo no kudafata insuline ihagije.\n\nIbimenyetso by'isukari nyinshi mu maraso birimo:\n\n- Gushobora gukora kenshi\n- Kwifuza amazi cyangwa umunwa wumye\n- Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona\n- Kwishima\n- Kurwara umutima\n\nNiba ukekako hari urwego rwinshi rw'isukari mu maraso, pima isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso. Niba isukari mu maraso iri hejuru y'urwego rwifuza, kurikiza gahunda y'ubuvuzi bwa diyabete y'umwana wawe cyangwa ubaze umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe. Urwego rwinshi rw'isukari mu maraso ntiruza vuba, nuko ubaze igihe cyo gutegereza mbere yo kugenzura isukari mu maraso ukundi.\n\nNiba umwana wawe afite isomo rya isukari mu maraso riri hejuru ya 240 mg / dL (13.3 mmol / L), umwana wawe agomba gukoresha ikizamini cyo kugerageza ketone kugira ngo apime ketone.\n\nKubura insuline bikabije bituma umubiri w'umwana wawe usenya amavuta kugira ngo ubone ingufu. Ibi bituma umubiri ukora ibintu byitwa ketones. Ketones nyinshi zikura mu maraso y'umwana wawe, zigatuma habaho uburwayi bushobora kwica bwitwa ketoacidose ya diyabete.\n\nIbimenyetso bya DKA birimo:\n\n- Kwifuza amazi cyangwa umunwa wumye cyane\n- Gushobora gukora cyane\n- Uruhu rwumye cyangwa rutukura\n- Kurwara umutima, kuruka cyangwa kubabara mu nda\n- Impumuro y'ibinyampeke, ibiryo byinshi ku mwuka w'umwana wawe\n- Kwivanga\n\nNiba ukekako hari DKA, pima umwanya w'umwana wawe kugira ngo urebe niba hari ketone nyinshi. Niba urwego rwa ketone ari rwinshi, hamagara umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe cyangwa ushake ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa.

Niba gukora iby'ubuvuzi bw'umwana wawe bw'ibyorezo bya diabite biba ari ibintu bikomeye, wibande ku munsi ku munsi. Hari iminsi uzakora neza kugenzura isukari mu maraso y'umwana wawe, kandi ku rundi munsi, bishobora kuba nkaho nta n'ikintu gikora neza. Ntawe ushobora kubikora neza. Ariko ibikorwa byawe birafite agaciro. Ntukibagire ko utari wenyine kandi ko itsinda ry'ubuvuzi bw'ibyorezo bya diabite rishobora kugufasha. Imyumvire y'umwana wawe Ibibazo bya diabite bishobora gukomeza imyumvire y'umwana wawe mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa buziguye. Isukari mu maraso itagenzurwa neza ishobora gutuma umwana wawe agira imyumvire nk'ishavu. Ibibazo bya diabite birashobora no gutuma umwana wawe yumva atandukanye n'abandi bana. Kubura amaraso no gutera indwara bitandukanya abana bafite ibibazo bya diabite n'abandi bana. Kugira ngo umwana wawe yumve atari wenyine, ushobora kumufasha kujyana n'abandi bana bafite ibibazo bya diabite cyangwa kugira icyumweru mu kibuga cy'abana bafite ibibazo bya diabite. Ubuzima bw'ubwenge no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge Abantu bafite ibibazo bya diabite bagira ubwoba bwinshi bwo kugira ibibazo by'ubwenge nk'ibyago, ubwoba no kugira ibibazo by'ubwenge bijyanye na diabite. Ni yo mpamvu abandi banyamubanga b'ibibazo bya diabite bakora buri gihe umukozi w'umuryango cyangwa umupima mu by'ubwenge nk'umwe mu itsinda ry'ubuvuzi bw'ibibazo bya diabite. Niba ubona ko umwana wawe cyangwa umwana w'imyaka y'ubuto arakomeje kuba yishyushye cyangwa atita ku byiza, cyangwa akora ibintu byihutirwa mu buryo bwo kuryama, ibiro, inshuti cyangwa imikorere y'ishuri, kora umwana wawe asuzumwe kugirango abone niba afite ibibazo by'ubwenge. Kuvugurura birashobora no kuba ikibazo, cyane cyane ku bato. Umwana wari warakomeje gukora neza mu gahato y'ubuvuzi bw'ibibazo bya diabite ashobora kuvugurura mu myaka y'ubuto akanga ubuvuzi bw'ibibazo bya diabite. Ubutumwa bw'ibiyobyabwenge, inzoga no kunywa itabi birashobora kuba biri ku bwinshi ku bantu bafite ibibazo bya diabite. Amatsinda y'ubufasha Kuvugana n'umuyobozi cyangwa umupima mu by'ubwenge birashobora kugufasha umwana wawe cyangwa wowe kwitabira impinduka z'ubuzima zizana na diabite ya mbere. Umwana wawe ashobora kubona umwete n'ubumenyi mu itsinda ry'ubufasha ry'abana bafite diabite ya mbere. Amatsinda y'ubufasha y'ababyeyi na yo ariho. Niba ushaka, umuvuzi wawe ashobora kugushyiraho itsinda mu karere kawe. Urubuga rw'ubufasha rw'ibibazo bya diabite rw'ibihugu bya Amerika (ADA). ADA na yo ifite amatsinda y'ubufasha y'abana n'abato bafite ibibazo bya diabite. Urubuga rw'ubufasha rw'ibibazo bya diabite rw'ibihugu bya Amerika (JDRF). Gushyira amakuru mu buryo bw'ubwenge Ubwoba bw'ibibazo bya diabite bitagenzurwa neza birashobora gutera ubwoba. Niba wowe n'umwana wawe mukorana n'umuvuzi wawe mukagera ku buryo bw'ubuvuzi bw'ibibazo bya diabite, umwana wawe ashobora kubaho ubuzima bw'imyaka myinshi n'ubwiza.