Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 mu bana ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, & Ubuvuzi

Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 mu bana ni uburwayi aho imboro ihagarika gukora insuline, ihormoni ifasha umubiri gukoresha isukari kugira imbaraga. Ibi bibaho iyo urwego rw’ubudahangarwa rwibasira kandi rugasenya utwicyeya dukora insuline. Bitandukanye na diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, itera buhoro buhoro, diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 isanzwe igaragara mu buryo butunguranye kandi isaba ubuvuzi bw’ibanze n’ubuvuzi bwa insuline ubuzima bwose.

Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ni iki?

Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ni uburwayi bw’ubudahangarwa bugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri w’umwana wawe utunganya isukari y’amaraso (glucose). Imboro, igice gito cy’umubiri kiri inyuma y’igifu, igizwe n’utwicyeya twihariye twitwa utwicyeya twa beta bisanzwe bikora insuline. Muri diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, urwego rw’ubudahangarwa rw’umwana wawe rutera kwibeshya rugaragaza utu twicyeya twa beta nk’abanyamahanga kandi rukabasenya.

Utabayeho insuline, glucose ntishobora kwinjira mu twicyeya tw’umwana wawe kugira ngo itange imbaraga. Ahubwo, isukari yiyongera mu maraso, bigatuma isukari y’amaraso igera ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane. Iri burwayi ryari risanzwe ryitwa diabete y’abana kuko ikunda kugaragara mu bwana, nubwo ishobora kugaragara mu myaka yose.

Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 itandukanye na diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, ikunze kugaragara mu bakuru kandi ikubiyemo ubudahangarwa bwa insuline aho kuba ibura rya insuline rwose. Abana bafite diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 bazakenera inshinge za insuline cyangwa pompe ya insuline ubuzima bwabo bwose kugira ngo babashe kubaho.

Ibimenyetso bya Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 mu bana bikunda kugaragara vuba, rimwe na rimwe mu minsi mike cyangwa mu byumweru bike. Nk’umubyeyi, kumenya ibi bimenyetso by’ibanze bishobora kugufasha guha umwana wawe ubuvuzi akeneye vuba.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe bikwiye kwitonderwa:

• Imyeyo irenze urugero no kwinjira mu bwiherero kenshi: Umwana wawe ashobora kunywa amazi menshi cyane kandi agomba kujya mu bwiherero kenshi, harimo no kunyara mu buriri nyuma yo kumenya kujya mu bwiherero.
• Inzara ikabije: Nubwo afungura nk’uko bisanzwe cyangwa arengeje urugero, umwana wawe ashobora kumva afite inzara buri gihe.
• Igabanuka ry’uburemere ritazwi: Umwana wawe ashobora kugabanya ibiro vuba cyane, nubwo afungura neza, kuko umubiri we udashobora gukoresha glucose nk’ingufu.
• Umunaniro n’intege nke: Umwana wawe ashobora kugaragara ananiwe cyane, adakora cyane, cyangwa adafite imbaraga ze zisanzwe.
• Kubura ubwenge: Isukari nyinshi mu maraso ishobora gutera impinduka z’igihe gito mu bwenge, bigatuma ibintu bigaragara bidasobanutse cyangwa bitumvikana.
• Impumuro y’imbuto mu miheha: Impumuro y’imbuto ishimishije mu miheha y’umwana wawe ishobora kwerekana ikibazo gikomeye cyitwa diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Isesemi no kuruka: Umwana wawe ashobora kumva arwaye mu nda cyangwa aruka, cyane cyane niba ketoacidosis iri gutera imbere.

Bamwe mu bana bashobora kandi kugira impinduka mu mimerere, bagahinduka babi cyangwa bagahura n’ikibazo cyo kutagira ubwenge. Ibi bimenyetso bibaho kuko ubwonko bwabo n’umubiri wabo babura ingufu bakeneye bava kuri glucose.

Icyateye Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1?

Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 itera iyo ubudahangarwa bw’umwana wawe bukora ikosa rikomeye. Aho kurinda umubiri ku bagizi ba nabi nka virusi na bagiteri, ihindukira ku nkari igasenya uturemangingabo dukura insuline.

Abahanga mu bya siyansi bemeza ko ibintu byinshi bifatanije gutera iyi réaction y’ubudahangarwa:

• Ukwibasira kwa gene: Gene zimwe na zimwe zituma bamwe mu bana bagira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere, nubwo kugira izi gene bitavuze ko iyi ndwara izabatera.
• Ibintu byo mu kirere bibitera: Indwara ziterwa na virusi, cyane cyane enteroviruses na coxsackievirus, zishobora gutera uburyo bw’umubiri ubwo ubwabo uhangana n’indwara mu bana bafite ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara.
• Ibintu bijyanye n’aho umuntu aba: Iyi ndwara igaragara cyane mu turere tumwe na tumwe, bigaragaza ko ibintu byo mu kirere nko ku buryo bw’ikirere, ibyo kurya, cyangwa kwandura indwara zimwe na zimwe bishobora kugira uruhare.
• Ibihe by’umwaka: Igipimo cy’abamenyekanyeho iyi ndwara kigera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mezi y’igwa n’ubukonje, bikaba bishimangira ko indwara ziterwa na virusi zishobora gutera iyi ndwara.

Ni ngombwa kumva ko diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere iterwa no kurya isukari nyinshi, kuba ufite umubyibuho ukabije, cyangwa igikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose umwana wawe cyangwa umuryango wawe wakoze. Iyi ni indwara iterwa n’umubiri ubwo ubwabo uhangana n’indwara itera uburwayi, itera uburwayi idafite icyo umuntu akekwaho.

Nubwo kugira umuntu wo mu muryango ufite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere byongera gato ibyago, abana benshi barwara iyi ndwara nta mateka y’iyi ndwara mu muryango wabo. Igice kijyanye na gene kiragoye, kigizwe na gene nyinshi buri gene igira uruhare ruto mu byago rusange.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere?

Wagomba guhamagara muganga w’umwana wawe ako kanya iyo ubona ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara byose hamwe. Kumenya iyi ndwara hakiri kare no kuyivura ni ingenzi mu gukumira ingaruka zikomeye no gufasha umwana wawe kumva ameze neza vuba.

Shaka ubufasha bw’ubuvuzi bwihuse ako kanya niba umwana wawe agaragaza ibi bimenyetso by’uburwayi bwa ketoacidosis ya diyabete (DKA):

• Impumuro y’imbuto mu miheto
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Kubabara mu nda
• Guhumeka cyane kandi kwijoro
• Uruhu rutukura kandi rwumye
• Ubwenge buke cyangwa kugorana gusinzira

DKA ni ingaruka zikomeye zishobora kwica, zishobora kugaragara iyo umubiri utangiye gusenya ibinure kugira ngo ubone imbaraga aho gukoresha glucose. Uyu muhanda ubaho utanga ibintu byangiza bitwa ketones, bigatuma amaraso aba aside.

Ntugatege amatwi ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bizagenda ubwabyo. Ibimenyetso bya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bisanzwe bigenda bigenda nabi cyane udafashwe, kandi kubura kuvurwa vuba bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye cyangwa se koza mu coma.

Ese ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere?

Kumenya ibintu byongera ibyago bishobora kugufasha kuba maso ku bimenyetso, ariko ujye wibuka ko abana benshi barwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere badafite ibintu byongera ibyago byamenyekanye. Iyi ndwara ishobora kwibasira umwana uwo ari we wese, uko ameze kose, uko arya kose, cyangwa uko abaho kose.

Dore ibintu byongera ibyago bizwi:

• Amateka y’umuryango: Kugira umubyeyi, umuvandimwe, cyangwa undi muntu wa hafi ufite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere byongera ibyago, nubwo abenshi mu barwayi baba mu miryango idafite amateka ya diyabete
• Imyaka: Nubwo diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere ishobora kugaragara mu myaka yose, ikunze kugaragara hagati y’imyaka 4-14, ikaba ari yo myaka myinshi ibaho mu gihe cy’ubwangavu
• Aho umuntu atuye n’ubwoko bwe: Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara mu bantu bakomoka mu Burayi bw’Amajyaruguru no mu bihugu biri kure y’umutwe w’isi
• Ibiranga gene: Ubuhinduzi bw’imiterere ya gene bita HLA bishobora kongera ibyago, nubwo gupima gene bitakorwa buri gihe
• Izindi ndwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri: Abana barwaye indwara nka celiac cyangwa indwara y’umwijima iterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bafite ibyago bike byo kurwara

Bimwe mu bintu bike byongera ibyago birimo kwandura virusi zimwe na zimwe mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa mu buto. Ariko, iyi mibanire iracyashakishwa kandi ntihagaragaza ibintu byongera ibyago bishobora guhigwa.

Ni ingenzi kwibuka ko kugira ibintu byongera ibyago ntibivuze ko umwana wawe azagira diabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere. Abana benshi bafite ibintu byinshi byongera ibyago ntibabona iyo ndwara, mu gihe abandi badafite ibintu byongera ibyago biboneka babona.

Ibibazo bishobora kuvuka bitewe na Diabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere ni ibihe?

Iyo ifashwe neza, abana bafite diabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bashobora kubona ubuzima buzuye kandi bwiza. Ariko rero, gusobanukirwa ibibazo bishobora kuvuka bifasha kumenya ibimenyetso by’uburwayi kandi bigatuma umuntu ashimangira akamaro ko kugenzura neza isukari mu maraso.

Ibibazo byihuse bishobora kuvuka vuba cyane birimo:

• Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): Indwara ikomeye cyane aho umubiri utanga umwanya munini w’ibintu byitwa ketones, bisaba kuvurwa vuba cyane mu bitaro
• Isugari nke cyane mu maraso (hypoglycemia): Bishobora gutera gucika intekerezo, guta umutwe, cyangwa guta ubwenge niba bitavuwe vuba
• Isugari nyinshi mu maraso (hyperglycemia): Bishobora gutera kukama, umunaniro, no kongera ibyago byo kwandura

Ibibazo by’igihe kirekire bisanzwe bivuka nyuma y’imyaka myinshi umuntu arwaye diabete, cyane cyane niba urwego rw’isukari mu maraso rutari rwagenzuwe neza:

• Indwara z’umutima n’imijyana y’amaraso: Isugari nyinshi mu maraso mu gihe kirekire ishobora kwangiza imijyana y’amaraso, ikongera ibyago by’ibibazo by’umutima mu myaka iri imbere
• Kwibasirwa kw’impyiko (diabetic nephropathy): Uburyo impyiko zitunganya amaraso bushobora kwangirika bitewe n’isugari nyinshi mu maraso buri gihe
• Ibibazo by’amaso (diabetic retinopathy): Imirongo y’amaraso mu maso ishobora kwangirika, bikaba bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubona
• Kwibasirwa kw’imitsi (diabetic neuropathy): Isugari nyinshi mu maraso ishobora kwangiza imitsi, cyane cyane mu ntoki no mu birenge
• Udukoko tw’uruhu n’udukonje: Isugari nyinshi mu maraso ishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bw’umubiri bwo kurwanya udukoko

Inkuru ishimishije ni uko kugenzura neza isukari mu maraso bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by’ubuzima mu gihe kirekire. Abantu bakuru benshi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bakiri abana, babayeho batagira ibibazo by’uburwayi kubera ibikoresho n’ubumenyi bya kijyambere byo kuvura diyabete.

Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere imenyekana gute?

Kumenya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bisanzwe bikubiyemo ibizamini by’amaraso byinshi bipima urugero rw’isukari mu maraso kandi bigashaka ibimenyetso byihariye by’ubwo burwayi. Muganga w’umwana wawe ashobora gutangira adukore ibizamini byoroshye, kandi ashobora gutegeka ibindi kugira ngo yemeze uburwayi.

Ibizamini by’ingenzi byo gupima harimo:

• Isuzuma ry’isukari mu maraso ryakozwe ku gihe icyo aricyo cyose: Urwego rw’isukari mu maraso rwa 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) cyangwa hejuru, hamwe n’ibimenyetso, bigaragaza diyabete
• Isuzuma ry’isukari mu maraso nyuma yo kwiyiriza ubusa: Urwego rwa 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) cyangwa hejuru nyuma yo kwiyiriza ubusa byibuze amasaha 8 bigaragaza diyabete
• Isuzuma rya Hemoglobine A1C: Iri suzuma rigaragaza urwego rw’isukari mu maraso mu mezi 2-3 ashize; urwego rwa 6.5% cyangwa hejuru bigaragaza diyabete
• Ibizamini bya antikorps: Ibi bizamini by’amaraso bishaka antikorps ziterwa n’uturemangingo dukora insuline, bifasha gutandukanya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere n’iya kabiri
• Isuzuma rya C-peptide: Iri ripima ingano y’insuline pankiresi y’umwana wawe ikora

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kureba toni mu mpiswi cyangwa mu maraso y’umwana wawe, cyane cyane niba isukari ye mu maraso ari hejuru cyane. Kuba hari toni bigaragaza ko umubiri urimo usenya amavuta kugira ngo abone imbaraga kuko udashobora gukoresha glucose uko bikwiye.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, bishobora kuba ngombwa gukora ibindi bizamini kugira ngo habeho gukuraho ubundi burwayi cyangwa gusuzuma ibibazo byatewe na diyabete. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo ibizamini byo gusuzuma imikorere y’impyiko, urwego rwa kolesterol, cyangwa ibizamini byo gusuzuma imikorere ya thyroid.

Ubuvuzi bwa diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere ni iki?

Kuvura diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bigendera ku gusubiza insuline umubiri w’umwana wawe utakibasha gukora. Ibi bisaba uburyo burambuye burimo kuvura hakoreshejwe insuline, gupima isukari mu maraso, gutegura indyo, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.

Ibice by’ingenzi byo kuvura birimo:

• Kuvura hakoreshejwe insuline: Umwana wawe azakenera insuline buri munsi binyuze mu gukingira cyangwa imashini itanga insuline kugira ngo agumane isukari mu maraso ku rugero rukwiye
• Gupima isukari mu maraso: Gusuzuma urugero rw’isukari mu maraso buri gihe bifasha mu gutanga insuline ku rugero rukwiye no kubona imiterere y’ibintu
• Kubara karubone: Kwiga guhuza umwanya w’insuline n’umwanya wa karubone umwana wawe arya
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe: Imiborera ifasha umubiri gukoresha insuline neza kandi ikungahaye ubuzima muri rusange
• Gukurikirana isukari mu maraso buri gihe (CGM): Igikoresho gikurikirana urugero rw’isukari mu maraso umunsi wose n’ijoro

Insuline iba mu bwoko butandukanye bukora ku muvuduko utandukanye n’igihe kitandukanye. Abana benshi bakenera insuline ikora igihe kirekire kugira ngo iboneke buri gihe n’insuline ikora vuba kugira ngo ifashe mu gihe cyo kurya.

Itsinda ry’abaganga bita ku burwayi bwa diyabete ry’umwana wawe rizakorana nawe kugira ngo mugire gahunda y’ubuvuzi ibereye umwana wawe. Iri tsinda risanzwe rigizwe n’umuganga w’indwara z’imisemburo (inzobere mu kuvura diyabete), umwarimu wita ku burwayi bwa diyabete, umuhanga mu mirire, rimwe na rimwe umukozi wo mu muryango cyangwa umuhanga mu by’imitekerereze.

Ibikoresho bya none byo kuvura diyabete byatumye kuvura kuba byoroshye kandi bikagira akamaro kurusha ibyo byari bisanzwe. Abana benshi bakoresha imashini zitanga insuline cyangwa ibyuma bikurikirana isukari mu maraso buri gihe, ibi bikorwa byoroshya kandi bikagira umwanya mu kuvura diyabete.

Uko watanga ubuvuzi mu rugo mu gihe cy’indwara ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere?

Kwita ku burwayi bwa diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bw’umwana wawe mu rugo bisobanura gushyiraho gahunda no kwigira ubuhanga buzaba nk’umuco nyuma y’igihe. Nubwo bishobora kugaragara nk’iby’akataraboneka mu ntangiriro, imiryango myinshi iramenyera kandi ibasha kubona uburyo bwiza bwo gushyira ubuvuzi bwa diyabete mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Ibintu by’ingenzi mu micungire yo mu rugo birimo:

• Gushyiraho gahunda y’ifunguro n’ibicuruzwa: Igihe gihora kimwe gifasha kumenya ibyo insuline ikeneye no kugumana urwego rw’isukari mu maraso ruhoraho
• Kwigira kumenya ibimenyetso by’isukari nke mu maraso: Ibimenyetso nko guhindagurika, gucana ibyuya, cyangwa guhindura imyifatire bisaba kuvurwa vuba na glucose ikora vuba
• Kugira ibikoresho by’ubufasha bihari: Ibirahuri bya glucose, amakarito y’umutobe, n’ibikoresho by’ubufasha bya glucagon bigomba kuboneka byoroshye
• Kugumana inyandiko zirambuye: Gukurikirana isukari mu maraso, umunywane wa insuline, ibyo kurya, n’ibikorwa bifasha kumenya imiterere no kunoza imicungire
• Gutegura iminsi y’uburwayi: Indwara ishobora kugira ingaruka ku isukari mu maraso mu buryo butateganijwe, bisaba gukurikirana kenshi no guhindura insuline bishoboka

Itumanaho n’ishuri ry’umwana wawe ni ingenzi mu micungire myiza ya diyabete mu masaha y’ishuri. Abaforomo b’ishuri n’abarimu bagomba gusobanukirwa ibyo umwana wawe akeneye, harimo igihe cyo kurya, kugenzura isukari mu maraso, n’uburyo bwo gutabara mu gihe cy’impanuka.

Guhanga ibidukikije byo mu rugo bishimangira bisobanura kugira uruhare rw’umuryango wose mu gusobanukirwa diyabete. Abavandimwe n’abandi bagize umuryango bagomba kumenya ibintu by’ibanze ku bijyanye n’uburwayi n’uburyo bwo gufasha mu gihe cy’impanuka.

Wategura gute uruzinduko kwa muganga?

Gutegura gahunda y’ubuvuzi bwa diyabete y’umwana wawe bifasha guhamya ko ubonye akamaro kenshi mu gihe cyawe hamwe n’itsinda ry’ubuvuzi. Gutegura neza bituma habaho ibiganiro byubaka kandi bifata ibyemezo byiza byo gucunga diyabete.

Mbere y’ihuriro, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Inyandiko z’isukari mu maraso: Zana ibisubizo bya vuba by’isukari mu maraso, harimo amatariki, amasaha, n’ibindi bisobanuro ku buryo butunguranye
• Inyandiko z’insuline: Andika inshuro z’insuline, ubwoko, n’igihe, harimo n’izitabonetse cyangwa ihindurwa wakoze
• Urutonde rw’imiti ukoresha ubu: Harimo imiti yose y’amabwiriza, imiti igurwa mu maduka, amavuta meza, n’ibindi biyongera
• Ibibazo n’impungenge: Andika ibibazo byihariye ku bijyanye no kuyifata, ibibazo by’ishuri, ibikorwa, cyangwa ibibazo byose wabonye
• Ibyabaye vuba aha: Bandika indwara zose, impinduka z’umwanya, cyangwa ibintu bidasanzwe byagize ingaruka ku gukumira isukari mu maraso

Tegura umwana wawe ku bw’iyo nama umusobanurira icyo bizaba, umukangurira kubabaza ibibazo bye bwite. Uko abana bakura, bagomba kurushaho kwifata inshingano zo kuvugana n’itsinda ryabo ry’ubuvuzi.

Tekereza kuzana agatabo kugira ngo wandike amakuru y’ingenzi, amabwiriza mashya, cyangwa ibisubizo by’ibibazo byawe. Gucunga diyabete bisaba amakuru menshi, kandi biroroshye kwibagirwa ibintu by’ingenzi byavuzwe mu nama.

Ni iki cy’ingenzi cyo kuzirikana kuri Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1?

Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 mu bana ni indwara ikomeye ariko ishobora kuvurwa isaba kwitabwaho buri munsi. Nubwo icyemezo gishobora kumva kigoye mu ntangiriro, abana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 bashobora kwitabira ibikorwa byose bisanzwe by’abana kandi bakura bakabaho ubuzima buzuye, bwiza.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kuzirikana ni uko diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 atari amakosa ya muntu uwo ari we wese. Ni indwara y’umubiri ubwe itera kubera imvange y’imiterere ya gene n’ibintu by’ibidukikije bitari kugenzurwa na muntu uwo ari we wese. Hamwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye n’ubufasha, umwana wawe ashobora gukura neza nubwo afite diyabete.

Kugira ngo ubashe guhangana neza na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere, ni ngombwa kugira imyifatire myiza ya buri munsi, gukorana n’abaganga bawe, no kugira imitekerereze myiza. Ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere mu guhangana na diyabete, bigatuma iyi ndwara irushaho koroherwa kurusha uko byahoze.

Wibuke ko uri wenyine muri uru rugendo. Hari amatsinda ateranira hamwe agafasha abarwaye diyabete, imbuga za internet, n’abaganga bafasha wowe n’umwana wawe guhangana n’imbogamizi no kwishimira ibyiza mu rugendo.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahwa Bijyanye na Diyabete yo mu Bwoko bwa Mbere

Ese diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere irashobora gukumirwa?

Kuri ubu, nta buryo bwemewe bwo gukumira diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere. Kubera ko ari indwara iterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buterwa n’imiterere y’umuntu n’ibidukikije, uburyo bwo gukumira diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa kabiri (nk’imirire myiza n’imyitozo ngororamubiri) ntabwo bukoreshwa kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere. Abashakashatsi baracyiga uburyo bwo gukumira, ariko nta bwo buhari bukoreshwa na bose.

Ese umwana wanjye urwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere azashobora gukina imikino?

Yego rwose! Abana barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bashobora gukina imikino yose n’imikino ngororamubiri, mugihe bateguye neza kandi bagacunga isukari mu maraso. Abakinnyi benshi b’inararibonye barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukumenya uko imyitozo ngororamubiri igira ingaruka ku isukari mu maraso no guhindura insuline n’imirire hakurikijwe ibyo. Itsinda ry’abaganga bawe rishobora kugufasha gutegura ingamba zo gukina imikino mu buryo buzeye.

Kangahe umwana wanjye agomba kugenzura isukari ye mu maraso?

Abana benshi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bagomba kugenzura isukari yabo mu maraso byibuze inshuro 4 ku munsi: mbere ya buri ifunguro no nimugoroba. Bishobora kuba ngombwa kugenzura inshuro nyinshi mbere ya nyuma y’imyitozo ngororamubiri, iyo yumva arwaye, cyangwa iyo agaragaza ibimenyetso by’isukari nyinshi cyangwa nke mu maraso. Ibikoresho byo gupima isukari mu maraso buri gihe bishobora kugabanya umubare w’ibipimo bikenewe, bikatanga amakuru arambuye ku isukari mu maraso.

Ese umwana wanjye ashobora kurya isukari n’ibinyobwa byinshi by’isukari afite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere?

Yego, abana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bashobora kurya ibinyobwa byinshi n’ibindi biryo byiza nk’igice cy’imirire yuzuye. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukwiga kubara karubone hanyuma ugatanga umwanya uhagije wa insuline kugira ngo bihuze n’ibiribwa byose, harimo n’ibinyobwa byiza. Nta biribwa bibujijwe burundu, ariko kubigabanya no gucunga neza insuline ni ingenzi mu kugumana igipimo cyiza cy’isukari mu maraso.

Ndagomba gukora iki niba isukari y’umwana wanjye iri hasi cyane?

Ku isukari iri hasi gato (busanzwe munsi ya 70 mg/dL), ha umwana wawe garama 15 z’ibiribwa byoroshye bya karubone nka glucose tablets, umutobe, cyangwa soda isanzwe. Tegereza iminota 15, hanyuma usubiremo gupima isukari. Niba ikiri hasi, subiramo ubuvuzi. Iyo isukari isubiye mu buryo busanzwe, muhe ifunguro rito rifite poroteyine na karubone. Ku isukari iri hasi cyane aho umwana wawe adashobora kwiyumva cyangwa afite ibibazo by’ubwonko, koresha imiti ya glucagon yo mu gihe cy’ubuhangange kandi hamagara 911 ako kanya.