Diabete Ikiranga Cya Kabiri Mu Bana
Incamake
Diabete ikubiyemo ubwoko bwa 2 mu bana ni indwara ikaze iterwa n'uburyo umubiri w'umwana wawe utunganya isukari (glucose) kugira ngo ikorere nk'ingufu. Iyo idakuweho, iyo ndwara ituma isukari yiyongera mu maraso, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye z'igihe kirekire.
Diabete ikubiyemo ubwoko bwa 2 iba cyane mu bakuru. Mu by'ukuri, yahoze yitwa diabete itangira mu bukuru. Ariko, kwiyongera kw'abana bafite umubyibuho bukabije byatumye habaho indwara nyinshi za diabete ikubiyemo ubwoko bwa 2 mu rubyiruko.
Hari byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo ufashe gucunga cyangwa gukumira diabete ikubiyemo ubwoko bwa 2 ku mwana wawe. Shishikariza umwana wawe kurya ibiryo byiza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri myinshi no kugira ibiro bikwiye. Niba kurya neza no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bidahagije kugira ngo ugenzure diabete ikubiyemo ubwoko bwa 2, imiti ifatwa mu kanwa cyangwa kuvurwa kwa insuline bishobora kuba bikenewe.
Ibimenyetso
Diabete ikubiyemo ubwoko bwa 2 mu bana ishobora gutera gahoro gahoro ku buryo nta bimenyetso bigaragara. Rimwe na rimwe, iyi ndwara imenyekana mu isuzuma rusanzwe. Bamwe mu bana bashobora kugira ibi bimenyetso kubera isukari nyinshi mu maraso yabo: Umukama mwinshi Gushobora kenshi kujya kumugoya Inzara nyinshi Kwumva unaniwe Kubura neza kw'amaso Ibice by'uruhu byijimye, akenshi hafi y'ijosi cyangwa mu maboko no mu gatuza Kugabanuka k'uburemere bitateganijwe, nubwo ibi bidafata cyane mu bana bafite diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 kuruta mu bana bafite diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1. Kwandura kenshi Reba umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso bya diabete. Iyo idakurikiranwe, iyi ndwara ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye. Gusuzuma diabete birakenewe ku bana batangiye gukura cyangwa bafite nibura imyaka 10, bafite umubyibuho ukabije, kandi bafite nibura ikintu kimwe cy'ibindi bintu bishobora gutera diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
Igihe cyo kubona umuganga
Jya kwa muganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe niba ubona ibimenyetso by'indwara ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Iyo indwara idasanzwe, ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye.
Gupima diyabete birabujijwe ku bana batangiye gukura cyangwa bafite byibuze imyaka 10, bafite umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa bafite umubyibuho ukabije, kandi bafite byibuze ikintu kimwe cy'ibindi bintu bishobora gutera diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
Impamvu
Intandaro nyakuri y'igisukari cyo mu bwoko bwa 2 ntiiramenyekana. Ariko amateka y'umuryango n'imiterere ya genetique bigaragara ko bigira uruhare runini. Ikigaragara ni uko abana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 badashobora gutunganya isukari (glucose) uko bikwiye.
Isaha rinini ry'isukari mu mubiri rikomoka mu biribwa. Iyo ibiryo byasheshwe, isukari yinjirira mu maraso. Insuline ituma isukari yinjirira mu mitsi—kandi igabanya umubare w'isukari mu maraso.
Insuline ikorwa n'umusemburo uherereye inyuma y'igifu witwa pankireasi. Pankireasi yohereza insuline mu maraso igihe ibiryo byaribwe. Iyo igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso gitangiye kugabanuka, pankireasi igabanya umusaruro w'insuline mu maraso.
Iyo umwana wawe afite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, uyu mucyo ntukora neza. Kubwibyo, aho gukomeza imitsi, isukari yubakira mu maraso y'umwana wawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho kubera:
- Pankireasi ishobora kudakora insuline ihagije
- Utu tugize umubiri turwanya insuline kandi ntidukemera isukari ihagije
Ingaruka zishobora guteza
Abashakashatsi ntibarasobanukirwa neza impamvu bamwe mu bana barwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 abandi ntibayirwara, nubwo baba bafite ibyago bifitanye isano. Ariko rero, birazwi ko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe byongera ibyago, birimo:
- Umurire. Kuba umwana afite umubyibuho ukabije ni ikintu gikomeye cyongera ibyago byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Uko umwana agira ibinure byinshi — cyane cyane mu nda no hagati y'imitsi n'uruhu rwo mu nda — ni ko uturemangingo tw'umubiri we tugenda turushaho kudashobora kwakira insuline.
- Ubunebwe. Uko umwana adakora imyitozo ngororamubiri, ni ko ibyago bye byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 byiyongera.
- Ibyokurya. Kurya inyama zitukura n'inyama zitunganyirijwe ndetse no kunywa ibinyobwa birimo isukari byongera ibyago byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
- Amateka y'umuryango. Ibyago by'umwana byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 byiyongera iyo afite umubyeyi cyangwa umuvandimwe ufite iyo ndwara.
- Ubwoko cyangwa ubwoko bw'abantu. Nubwo bitaramenyekana neza impamvu, bamwe mu bantu — barimo abirabura, abahispanike, abanyamerika bakomoka mu Buhindi n'abanyamerika bakomoka muri Aziya — bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
- Imyaka n'igitsina. Abana benshi barwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu myaka yabo y'ubwangavu, ariko ishobora kubaho mu myaka yose. Abakobwa bakiri bato bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 kurusha abahungu bakiri bato.
- Diyabete ya nyina mu gihe cyo gutwita. Abana bavutse ku bagore bari bafite diyabete mu gihe cyo gutwita bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
- Kuvuka ufite ibiro bike cyangwa kuba umwana wavutse imburagihe. Kuvuka ufite ibiro bike bifitanye isano n'ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Abana bavutse imburagihe — mbere y'ibyumweru 39 kugeza kuri 42 byo gutwita — bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bana ikunze guhurirana na syndrome ya metabolisme na syndrome ya ovaire polykystique.
Iyo ibintu bimwe na bimwe bibaho hamwe n'umubyibuho ukabije, bifitanye isano no kudakira insuline kandi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara diyabete — ndetse n'indwara z'umutima n'impanuka z'ubwonko. Ihuriro ry'ibintu bikurikira rikunda kwitwa syndrome ya metabolisme:
- Urwego ruke rwa lipoproteine zifite uburemere bwinshi (HDL), «cholesterol nziza»
- Triglycerides nyinshi
- Urwego rwinshi rw'isukari mu maraso
- Ingano nini y'inda
Syndrome ya ovaire polykystique (PCOS) igira ingaruka ku bakobwa bakiri bato nyuma y'imyaka y'ubwangavu. PCOS iterwa no kudahuza kw'imisemburo, bigatuma haba ibimenyetso nk'umubyibuho ukabije, imihango idahwitse, n'ubwinshi bw'ubwoya ku maso no ku mubiri. Abantu bafite PCOS bakunze kugira ibibazo byo guhindura imisemburo bishobora gutera kudakira insuline na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
Ingaruka
Diabete ikubiyemo uburwayi bwa type 2 ishobora kugira ingaruka kuri buri gice cy'umubiri w'umwana wawe, harimo imiyoboro y'amaraso, imiyoboro y'imbere, amaso n'impyiko. Ingaruka z'igihe kirekire za diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 zirakomeza buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi. Amaherezo, ingaruka za diyabete zishobora kuba zikomeye cyangwa se zikaba zananira ubuzima.
Ingaruka za diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 zifitanye isano n'isukari nyinshi mu maraso kandi zirimo:
- Cholesterol nyinshi
- Indwara z'umutima n'imijyana y'amaraso
- Impanuka yo mu bwonko
- Kwangirika kw'imijyana y'imbere
- Indwara z'impyiko
- Indwara z'amaso, harimo ubuhumyi
Kugumisha isukari mu maraso y'umwana wawe hafi y'ikigero gisanzwe igihe kinini bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago by'izi ngaruka. Urashobora gufasha umwana wawe gukumira ingaruka za diyabete binyuze mu:
- Gukorana n'umwana wawe kugira ngo mugumane uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura isukari mu maraso uko bishoboka kose
- Kwigisha umwana wawe akamaro ko kurya indyo nzima no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe
- Gutegura gusura inzobere mu kuvura diyabete y'umwana wawe buri gihe
Kwirinda
Guhitamo imibereho myiza bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bana. Shishikariza umwana wawe:
- Kurya ibiryo byiza. Tanga umwana wawe ibiryo bifite amavuta make n'amacalorie make. Ibanda ku mbuto, imboga n'ibinyampeke bitaracunguwe. Gerageza kubigira bitandukanye kugira ngo wirinda kubura ubushake.
- Kugira imyitozo ngororamubiri myinshi. Shishikariza umwana wawe gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. Andika umwana wawe mu ikipe y'imikino cyangwa amasomo y'imbyino. Byaba byiza kurushaho, mubigire umuryango wose. Guhitamo imibereho bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bana bishobora gukorera kimwe no ku bakuru.
Kupima
Niba hakekwa ko umwana afite diabete, umuvuzi we arashobora kugusaba gupima. Hari ibizamini by'amaraso byinshi byo gupima diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bana.
- Isuzuma ry'isukari mu maraso ryakozwe ku mpuzankano. Igipimo cy'amaraso gifatwa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, bitabaye ngombwa igihe umwana wawe aheruka kurya. Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kiri hejuru ya 200 miligaramu kuri desilitri (mg/dL), cyangwa 11.1 milimoli kuri litiro (mmol/L), cyangwa kirenze, bigaragaza diabete.
- Isuzuma ry'isukari mu maraso nyuma yo kwiyiriza ubusa. Igipimo cy'amaraso gifatwa nyuma y'uko umwana wawe atamerewe kurya cyangwa kunywa ikintu uretse amazi mu gihe cy'amasaha umunani cyangwa ijoro ryose (iyo wiyirije ubusa). Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kiri hejuru ya 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) cyangwa kirenze, bigaragaza diabete.
- Isuzuma rya hemoglobine glycated (A1C). Iri suzuma rigaragaza igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso cy'umwana wawe mu mezi atatu ashize. Igipimo cya A1C kiri hejuru ya 6.5% cyangwa kirenze, kigaragaza diabete.
- Isuzuma ry'uburyo bw'umubiri bwo kwihanganira glucose. Umwana wawe azakenera kwiyiriza ubusa ijoro ryose hanyuma anywe amazi meza mu biro by'umuvuzi cyangwa ahantu hapima amaraso. Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kipapimwa buri kanya mu masaha abiri akurikira. Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kiri hejuru ya 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) cyangwa kirenze, bisobanura ko umwana wawe afite diabete.
Umuganga wawe arashobora kugusaba ibindi bipimo kugira ngo habeho itandukaniro hagati ya diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 na diabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, kuko uburyo bwo kuvura buri bwoko butandukanye.
Uburyo bwo kuvura
Ubuvuzi bwa diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 burakorwa ubuzima bwose kandi bushobora kuba burimo:
- Kurya indyo nzima
- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe
- Insuline cyangwa imiti indi
- Gupima isukari mu maraso
- Kugabanya ibiro hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe
Uzajya ukorana bya hafi n'itsinda ryita ku burwayi bwa diyabete bw'umwana wawe—harimo umuganga, umuhanga mu kuvura no kwigisha ku diyabete, umuhanga mu mirire, n'abandi bahanga mu buvuzi uko bikenewe. Intego y'ubuvuzi ni ugutuma isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso iba mu rugero runaka. Uru rugero rufasha kugira ngo isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso ibe hafi ya rugero rusanzwe uko bishoboka kose.
Umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe azakumenyesha urugero rw'isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso, kandi ashobora no gushyiraho intego ya A1C. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora guhinduka uko umwana wawe akura kandi ahindurwa, bityo na gahunda yo kuvura diyabete y'umwana wawe izahinduka.
Ibiryo ni igice kinini cya gahunda iyo ari yo yose yo kuvura diyabete, ariko ibyo ntibisobanura ko umwana wawe agomba gukurikiza "indyo ya diyabete" ikomeye. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka kugabanya ibiro kugira ngo ugere ku bunyamanswa bwiza kandi ubugumeho. Urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rushobora kuzamuka iyo umuntu agabanije ibiro.
Umuhanga mu mirire wita ku mwana wawe ashobora kugutegeka ko umwana wawe—n'umuryango wose—muryarya ibiryo bifite intungamubiri nyinshi kandi bike mu mavuta no mu kalori.
Kurya indyo nzima birimo indyo ifite imbuto nyinshi, imboga, imyembe, ibinyamisogwe, amavuta ya olive. Hitamo ibiryo bike mu mavuta no mu kalori kandi byinshi mu fibres. Funga ibiryo bitandukanye kugira ngo ufashe umwana wawe kugera ku ntego ze adahutaje uburyohe cyangwa intungamubiri.
Umuhanga mu mirire wita ku mwana wawe ashobora kugufasha gukora gahunda y'ibiryo ihuye n'ibyo umwana wawe akunda kurya n'intego ze z'ubuzima, ndetse no kugufasha gutegura ibyo kurya rimwe na rimwe. Umuhanga mu mirire ashobora kandi kugutegeka ko umwana wawe:
- Agabanya ingano y'ibiryo kandi adakenera kurangiza ibiri kuri plake
- Asimbuza imbuto cyangwa imboga ibiryo byinshi mu myumbati
- Asimbuza ibinyobwa byinshi mu kalori, nka soda cyangwa imitobe y'imbuto, amazi
- Kurya mu rugo kenshi aho kurya muri resitora cyangwa gufata ibiryo byo kujyana mu rugo uvuye muri resitora
- Gufasha gutegura ibiryo
- Kurya ku meza aho kurya imbere ya televiziyo
Buri wese akeneye imyitozo ngororamubiri ya aerobic buri gihe, kandi abana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ntibatandukanye. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bifasha abana kugenzura ibiro byabo, bikoresha isukari kugira ngo babone imbaraga, kandi bigatuma umubiri ukoresha insuline neza. Ibi bishobora kugabanya isukari mu maraso.
Shingira gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw'umwana wawe. Igihe cyo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ntikigomba kuba icyarimwe—birahagije kubigabanya mu bice bito by'igihe. Shishikariza umwana wawe gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri byibuze iminota 60 buri munsi cyangwa, byaba byiza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri hamwe n'umwana wawe.
Hari imiti itatu yemewe na Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yo kuvura diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bana.
- Metformin (Glumetza, izindi). Iyi pilule igabanya umubare w'isukari umwijima w'umwana usohora mu maraso hagati y'ibiryo kandi ifasha uturemangingo tw'umubiri gukoresha insuline neza.
- Liraglutide (Victoza). Uyu muti ufatwa hakoreshejwe inshinge. Liraglutide ifasha umubiri gusohora insuline nyinshi iva mu mpyiko nyuma y'ibiryo, iyo urwego rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hejuru. Uyu muti ushobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku gipimo, nko kubabara mu nda cyangwa guhitwa.
- Insuline. Rimwe na rimwe, insuline ishobora kuba ikenewe niba urwego rw'isukari rw'umwana wawe mu maraso ruri hejuru cyane. Insuline yemerera isukari kwinjira mu turemangingo kugira ngo ibone imbaraga, igabanya umubare w'isukari iri mu maraso.
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa insuline, ariko insuline ikora igihe kirekire rimwe ku munsi, hamwe na insuline ikora vuba cyangwa cyane cyane hamwe n'ibiryo, ikunze gukoreshwa kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bana. Insuline isanzwe itangwa hakoreshejwe ikinini cyangwa ikaramu ya insuline.
Hamwe n'impinduka mu mibereho n'imiti indi, umwana wawe ashobora kuba ashobora guhagarika insuline.
Insuline. Rimwe na rimwe, insuline ishobora kuba ikenewe niba urwego rw'isukari rw'umwana wawe mu maraso ruri hejuru cyane. Insuline yemerera isukari kwinjira mu turemangingo kugira ngo ibone imbaraga, igabanya umubare w'isukari iri mu maraso.
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa insuline, ariko insuline ikora igihe kirekire rimwe ku munsi, hamwe na insuline ikora vuba cyangwa cyane cyane hamwe n'ibiryo, ikunze gukoreshwa kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bana. Insuline isanzwe itangwa hakoreshejwe ikinini cyangwa ikaramu ya insuline.
Hamwe n'impinduka mu mibereho n'imiti indi, umwana wawe ashobora kuba ashobora guhagarika insuline.
Umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe azakumenyesha ukuntu wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mukwiye kenshi gupima no kwandika isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso. Abana bafata insuline bakeneye gupima kenshi, bishoboka kenshi inshuro enye ku munsi cyangwa birengeje.
Bitewe n'ibikenewe mu buvuzi, gukurikirana isukari mu maraso buri gihe bishobora kuba amahitamo. Gupima kenshi ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kugenzura ko urwego rw'isukari rw'umwana wawe mu maraso ruguma mu rugero rwateganijwe.
Ibi bikorwa si amahitamo kuri buri wese. Ariko ku rubyiruko rufite umubyibuho ukabije—umubare w'umubyibuho (BMI) uri hejuru cyangwa ungana na 35—kugira ubuvuzi bwo kugabanya ibiro bishobora gutuma uburwayi bwa diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bugabanuka.
Umwana wawe azakenera kujya kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo habeho ubuvuzi bwiza bwa diyabete. Gusura umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe bishobora kuba birimo isuzuma ry'imiterere y'isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso, imigenzo yo kurya, imyitozo ngororamubiri, ibiro n'imiti niba ayifata. Impinduka nziza mu mibereho zishobora kugabanya ibyo gukenera imiti.
Umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe ashobora gupima urwego rwa A1C rw'umwana wawe. Ishyirahamwe rya Amerika ryita ku burwayi bwa diyabete risaba muri rusange ko A1C iba 7% cyangwa munsi yaho kuri bose abana n'abangavu bafite diyabete.
Umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe azajya kandi apima ibi bikurikira by'umwana wawe:
- Ukuzura
- Urwego rwa kolesterol
- Imikorere y'impyiko n'umwijima
- Amaso—busanzwe buri mwaka
- Amaguru
- Icyago cy'uburwayi bwa polycystic ovary syndrome na obstructive sleep apnea
Umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe ashobora kugutegeka ko umwana wawe ahabwa urushinge rwa grippe buri mwaka, kandi ashobora kugutegeka urukingo rwa pneumonia n'urukingo rwa COVID-19 niba umwana wawe afite imyaka 5 cyangwa arengejeho.
Nubwo wakora ibishoboka byose, rimwe na rimwe ibibazo bizaduka. Ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'igihe gito bya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2—nko kugira isukari nke mu maraso, isukari nyinshi mu maraso, diabetic ketoacidosis na hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state—bisaba ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa.
Hypoglycemia ni urwego rw'isukari mu maraso ruri munsi y'urwego rwateganijwe rw'umwana wawe. Urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rushobora kugabanuka kubera impamvu nyinshi, harimo kudakora ifunguro, kurya myumbati mike ugereranyije n'ibiteganijwe, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri myinshi ugereranyije n'ibisanzwe cyangwa gutera insuline nyinshi. Abana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bafite ibyago bike byo kugira isukari nke mu maraso ugereranyije n'abana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1.
Ibimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso birimo:
- Kubura amaraso
- Kuhagarara
- Inzara
- Kumira ibyuya
- Kugira umujinya n'impinduka z'imitekerereze
- Kugorana gutekereza cyangwa kwibagirwa
- Kuzenguruka cyangwa kugira umutwe
- Kubura ubushobozi bwo guhuza
- Kuvuga nabi
- Kubura ubwenge
- Kugwa mu marangamutima
Menyesha umwana wawe ibimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso. Iyo uhangayitse, umwana wawe agomba buri gihe gupima isukari mu maraso. Niba umupima-isukari mu maraso atahagaze neza kandi umwana wawe afite ibimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso, uvure isukari nke mu maraso hanyuma upime vuba bishoboka.
Niba umwana wawe afite isukari nke mu maraso:
- Tanga myumbati ikora vuba. Mumenyesha umwana wawe kurya garama 15 kugeza kuri 20 z'imyumbati ikora vuba, nko ku manya y'imbuto, imiti ya glucose, amagambo akomeye, soda isanzwe (itari iya diet) cyangwa indi soko y'isukari. Ibiryo byongewemo amavuta, nka shokola cyangwa ice cream, ntibizamura isukari mu maraso vuba kuko amavuta agabanya umuvuduko wo gukuramo isukari.
- Ongera upime isukari mu maraso. Ongera upime isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso nyuma y'iminota 15 kugira ngo ube wizeye ko yasubiye mu rugero rwateganijwe. Niba atari byo, subiramo gutanga myumbati ikora vuba no gupima nyuma y'iminota 15 uko bikenewe kugeza ubona umubare uri mu rugero rw'umwana wawe.
Hyperglycemia ni urwego rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hejuru y'urwego rwateganijwe rw'umwana wawe. Urwego rw'isukari mu maraso rushobora kuzamuka kubera impamvu nyinshi, harimo indwara, kurya cyane, kurya ibiryo bimwe na bimwe, no kudafata imiti ya diyabete cyangwa insuline ihagije.
Ibimenyetso by'isukari nyinshi mu maraso birimo:
- Gushobora gukora kenshi
- Kwifuza amazi cyangwa umunwa wumye
- Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona
- Kwumva unaniwe
- Kubabara mu nda
Niba ukekako hari hyperglycemia, pima isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso. Ushobora kuba ukeneye guhindura gahunda y'ibiryo by'umwana wawe cyangwa imiti. Hamagara umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe niba isukari y'umwana wawe mu maraso ikomeza kuba hejuru y'urwego rwateganijwe.
Kubura insuline cyane bituma umubiri w'umwana wawe utanga aside zimwe na zimwe z'ubumara (ketones). Niba ketones nyinshi zikomeza kwiyongera, umwana wawe ashobora kugira uburwayi bushobora kwica, buzwi nka diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA igaragara cyane mu bana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ariko rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugaragara mu bana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
Ibimenyetso bya DKA birimo:
- Kwifuza amazi cyangwa umunwa wumye cyane
- Gushobora gukora cyane
- Uruhu rwumye cyangwa rutukura
- Kubabara mu nda, kuruka cyangwa kubabara mu nda
- Impumuro y'imbuto nziza ku mwuka w'umwana wawe
- Kwibagirwa
Niba ukekako hari DKA, pima umushishi w'umwana wawe kugira ngo urebe ko hari ketones nyinshi hakoreshejwe ikiti cyo gupima ketones cyo kugura ku isoko. Niba urwego rwa ketones ruri hejuru, hamagara umuganga wita ku buzima bw'umwana wawe cyangwa ushake ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) ishobora kuza mu gihe cy'iminsi mike mu bana bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Urwego rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hejuru cyane rwa HHS—600 mg/dL cyangwa hejuru yaho—rushobora kuza hamwe n'indwara zikomeye, indwara cyangwa izindi ndwara. Kugerageza kw'umubiri kugira ngo ukureho urwego rwinshi rw'isukari mu kuyinyuza mu mpisho bituma umubiri ukama cyane.
Ibimenyetso bya HHS birimo:
- Ketones nke cyangwa nta ketones mu mpisho
- Gushobora gukora cyane
- Kwifuza amazi cyane
- Umunwa wumye n'uruhu rushyuha, rwumye
- Kwibagirwa cyangwa guhangana
- Kugwa mu marangamutima
- Koma
HHS ishobora kwica kandi isaba ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa.
Umuhakana: Kanama ni urubuga rw'amakuru y'ubuzima kandi ibisubizo byayo ntibigize inama z'ubuvuzi. Jya ubona umuganga ufite uruhushya rwo gukorera hafi yawe mbere yo gukora impinduka izo ari zo zose.