Icyo Ubugirire bw'Ureteri Aricyo? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Ubugirire bw'ureteri buvaho iyo hari ikintu kibangamiye isohorwa ry'umushishi mu mpande imwe cyangwa zombi z'imijyana y'umushishi (ureters). Izi ni imijyana mito itwara umushishi uva mu mpyiko ujya mu gifu.

Tekereza kuri ureters nk'imigezi mito ihuza impyiko na gifu. Iyo zibangamiwe, umushishi usubira inyuma mu mpyiko, ibyo bikaba byatera ububabare kandi bishobora kwangiza impyiko niba bitavuwe. Inkuru nziza ni uko ubugirire bwinshi bushobora kuvurwa neza igihe abaganga bamenye icyabiteye.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi ni ububabare butunguranye kandi bukomeye mu mugongo cyangwa ku ruhande, buza mu buryo bw'ibyiciro. Ubu bubabare busanzwe butangirira mu gice cy'impyiko (flank) kandi bushobora kujya mu kibuno uko igihe gihita.

Dore ibimenyetso ushobora kugira, uhereye ku bimenyetso bisanzwe kugeza ku bimenyetso bidafite akamaro:

• Ububabare bukabije, nk'ubwo gufata mu nda, mu mugongo, ku ruhande, cyangwa mu gice cyo hasi cy'inda
• Amaraso mu mushishi, awutera kuba umutuku, umweru, cyangwa umukara
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Gushaka kenshi kujya kumushishi cyangwa kumva ko ukeneye kujya kumushishi vuba
• Kubabara cyane igihe ujya kumushishi
• Urufurire n'ubushyuhe mu mubiri niba hari ubwandu
• Isuka ry'umushishi rike
• Kubyimbagira mu maguru cyangwa hafi y'amaso

Gake, bamwe bagira umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi cyangwa kudashaka kujya kumushishi niba imijyana yombi y'umushishi ikingiye. Ubukana bw'ibimenyetso byawe busanzwe biterwa n'uburyo ubugirire bwabaye vuba kandi niba ari ubwose cyangwa utarangiye.

Ni iyihe mitype y'ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Ubugirire bw'ureteri bugabanywa hashingiwe aho buva n'icyo bubiteye. Gusobanukirwa iyi mitype bifasha abaganga guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura buhuye n'ikibazo cyawe.

Hashingiwe ku gice, ubugirire bushobora kuba mu bice bitatu by'ingenzi:

• Ubugirire bw'umwanya wo hejuru wa ureter, hafi aho uhurira n'impyiko
• Ubugirire bw'umwanya wo hagati wa ureter, mu nzira yayo ica mu kibuno
• Ubugirire bw'umwanya wo hasi wa ureter, hafi aho winjira mu gifu

Abaganga kandi bagabanya ubugirire nk'ubwo imbere (bubitewe n'ikintu kiri muri ureter) cyangwa ubwo hanze (bubitewe n'umuvuduko uva ku bice byo hanze). Impamvu zo imbere zirimo amabuye y'impyiko cyangwa uburibwe muri ureter ubwayo, mu gihe impamvu zo hanze zirimo imyanya cyangwa imyenda iri hafi ihohotera ureter.

Ni iki giteye ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Amabuye y'impyiko ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru y'ubugirire bw'ureteri, agera kuri 80% by'ibibazo. Iyi myanda ikomeye ikorwa mu mpyiko kandi ishobora gufatwa igihe ishaka kunyura mu mujyana muto wa ureter.

Dore impamvu nyamukuru, dutangiriye ku zikunze kugaragara:

• Amabuye y'impyiko y'ubunini butandukanye n'imiterere
• Uburibwe muri ureter, mu gifu, cyangwa mu myanya iri hafi
• Umuco wo mu myanya yavutse kubera ibyago byabanje cyangwa indwara
• Ibisigisigi by'amaraso bivutse nyuma y'ibyago cyangwa kubagwa
• Umutobe w'amaraso ukomeye uhohotera ureter
• Gutwita, kuko umwana urimo gutwita ashobora gukanda ureter
• Ibibazo byavutse kuva ku ivuka

Impamvu zidafite akamaro zirimo ububabare bukabije buterwa n'indwara nka retroperitoneal fibrosis, aho umuco ukura hafi y'imijyana y'umushishi. Rimwe na rimwe, imiti imwe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gutera ubugirire bw'igihe gito, nubwo bitakunda kubaho.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Ugomba gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba ufite ububabare bukabije mu mugongo cyangwa ku ruhande buza mu buryo bw'ibyiciro, cyane cyane niba bifatanije n'isesemi, kuruka, cyangwa amaraso mu mushishi. Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragaza ubugirire bukomeye bukeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Hamagara muganga wawe vuba niba ufite umuriro n'ubushyuhe mu mubiri hamwe n'ibimenyetso by'umushishi, kuko bishobora kugaragaza ubwandu bukabije. Kandi shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba udashobora kujya kumushishi cyangwa ukabona igabanuka rikomeye ry'isuka ry'umushishi mu masaha menshi.

Ndetse n'ibimenyetso bito nk'ububabare buhoraho mu mugongo, impinduka mu buryo bwo kujya kumushishi, cyangwa umushishi utari mwiza, bikwiye gusaba gusura muganga mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ingaruka mbi kandi bikarinda imikorere y'impyiko.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago by'ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bikongera ibyago byo kugira ubugirire bw'ureteri. Gusobanukirwa ibi bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kwirinda aho bishoboka.

Ibintu byongera ibyago by'ingenzi birimo:

• Amateka y'amabuye y'impyiko, yongera ibyago byo kugira amabuye mu gihe kizaza
• Kubuza amazi, kuko umushishi w'ibintu byinshi bituma amabuye akora
• Amateka y'umuryango w'amabuye y'impyiko cyangwa ibibazo by'inzira y'umushishi
• Imigenzo y'ibiryo, nko kurya umunyu mwinshi cyangwa ifuro ya calcium nke
• Indwara nka diyabete, umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi, cyangwa gout
• Kuvurwa kanseri, cyane cyane imirasire mu gice cy'ibice by'imyanya y'imyororokere
• Gutwita, cyane cyane mu mezi atatu ya kabiri n'aya gatatu
• Ibibazo by'imiterere y'inzira y'umushishi

Imiti imwe, irimo imiti imwe yo kunywa amazi menshi n'ibyongeramo calcium, ishobora kandi kongera ibyago. Abagabo bakunze kugira amabuye y'impyiko, mu gihe abagore bafite ibyago byinshi mu gihe batwite kubera impinduka z'imiterere.

Ni iyihe ngaruka mbi zishoboka z'ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Niba bitavuwe, ubugirire bw'ureteri bushobora gutera ingaruka mbi zikomeye zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'impyiko n'ubuzima muri rusange. Ubukana bwabyo biterwa n'igihe ubugirire bumaze niba ari ubwose cyangwa utarangiye.

Ingaruka mbi zisanzwe zirimo:

• Ubwandu bw'impyiko (pyelonephritis), bushobora kuba bikaze
• Kwibasirwa kw'impyiko kubera umuvuduko ukomeye n'umushishi usubira inyuma
• Amabuye y'impyiko akura cyane mu gihe afunze
• Indwara y'impyiko idakira niba ubugirire bukomeza
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi ukomoka ku kudakora neza kw'impyiko
• Sepsis, ubwandu bukabije bukwirakwira mu mubiri wose

Mu bihe bidafite akamaro, ubugirire bwose bwombi (imijyana yombi y'umushishi ifunze) bishobora gutera gucika kw'imikorere y'impyiko, bisaba kuvurwa vuba.

Ubugirire bw'ureteri bushobora kwirindwa gute?

Nubwo udashobora kwirinda impamvu zose z'ubugirire bw'ureteri, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byinshi binyuze mu kwirinda amabuye y'impyiko. Ubugirire bwinshi buterwa n'amabuye, bityo kubirinda ni cyo kintu cyiza cyo kwirinda.

Dore ingamba zo kwirinda zikora:

• Nyunwa amazi menshi umunsi wose kugira ngo umushishi ube utanduye
• Gabanuka umunyu kugira ngo ugabanye calcium mu mushishi
• Kurya calcium ihagije iva mu biryo, atari mu byongeramo
• Gabanuka ibiryo byinshi bya oxalate nka epinari, imyumbati, na shokola niba ufite amabuye ya calcium oxalate
• Kugira ibiro byiza binyuze mu mirire myiza no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Kugendera ku nama ya muganga wawe yo gucunga indwara nka diyabete cyangwa gout

Niba warigeze kugira amabuye y'impyiko, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka impinduka runaka mu mirire cyangwa imiti hashingiwe ku bwoko bw'amabuye wakoraga. Gusura muganga buri gihe bishobora kugufasha kubona ibibazo byihuse hakiri kare.

Ubugirire bw'ureteri bupimwa gute?

Muganga wawe azatangira akubaza ibibazo ku bimenyetso byawe n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima, hanyuma akakora isuzuma ry'umubiri. Ashobora gukanda mu nda no mu mugongo kugira ngo arebe niba hari ububabare cyangwa kubyimbagira.

Ibizamini byinshi bifasha kwemeza uburwayi no kubona ubugirire:

• Ibizamini by'umushishi kugira ngo harebwe amaraso, ubwandu, cyangwa ubutare
• Ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo harebwe imikorere y'impyiko no kureba ibimenyetso by'ubwandu
• CT scan idafite contrast, ari yo nzira nziza yo kubona amabuye
• Ultrasound kugira ngo urebe niba impyiko yawe yabyimbagira kubera umushishi usubira inyuma
• Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) kugira ngo harebwe isohorwa ry'umushishi
• MRI mu bihe bidasanzwe cyangwa igihe ibindi bizamini bitavuze

CT scan ni yo isuzuma ikunze gufasha cyane kuko ishobora kwerekana aho amabuye ari n'ubunini bwayo, ndetse n'uburyo impyiko yawe yibasiwe. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibindi bizamini niba akeka impamvu zitari amabuye y'impyiko.

Ni ikihe kivurwa cy'ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Kuvura biterwa n'impamvu, ubukana, n'aho ubugirire buva. Intego nyamukuru ni ukubohora ubugirire, kubungabunga imikorere y'impyiko, no kwirinda ingaruka mbi.

Kubera amabuye y'impyiko, uburyo bwo kuvura burimo:

• Gutegereza amabuye mato ashobora kuva wenyine
• Imiti igabanya ububabare no kunyunwa amazi menshi kugira ngo amabuye ave
• Imiti nka alpha-blockers kugira ngo imijyana y'umushishi irerure
• Shock wave lithotripsy kugira ngo amabuye atandukanywe hifashishijwe amajwi
• Ureteroscopy kugira ngo amabuye akurwe cyangwa atandukanywe hifashishijwe imigezi mito
• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy kubera amabuye y'impyiko manini cyane

Niba ufite ubugirire bukabije cyangwa ubwandu, muganga wawe ashobora kubanza gushyira stent (umugezi muto) muri ureter kugira ngo asubize isohorwa ry'umushishi vuba. Iki gikorwa cy'igihe gito kigabanya umuvuduko ku mpyiko mu gihe utegura kuvurwa nyakuri.

Kubera impamvu zitari amabuye nka uburibwe cyangwa umuco, kuvura bishobora kuba kubagwa, imirasire, cyangwa ibindi bikorwa byihariye hashingiwe ku ndwara.

Uburyo bwo gucunga ibimenyetso mu rugo mu gihe cy'ubugirire bw'ureteri

Mu gihe utegereje kubona muganga wawe cyangwa hagati y'ubuvuzi, hari uburyo bwo gucunga ububabare bwawe. Ariko, ibuka ko kwita mu rugo bidasimbura kuvurwa kwa muganga.

Dore ibyo ushobora gukora kugira ngo wumve wishimye:

• Shyira ubushyuhe ku mugongo cyangwa ku ruhande hifashishijwe igikoresho cy'ubushyuhe
• Fata imiti igabanya ububabare nk'ibuprofen cyangwa acetaminophen nk'uko byategetswe
• Nyunwa amazi menshi kugira ngo ubone uburyo bwo gukuraho ibintu byinshi mu mubiri
• Gerageza kugenda buhoro buhoro, bishobora gufasha amabuye kuva
• Ruhuka mu myanya yumva wishimye
• Irinde ibiryo byinshi bya oxalates niba ufite amabuye ya calcium oxalate

Ntuzigere uretse ibimenyetso bikomeza cyangwa ukadindiza gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga. Niba ububabare bwawe bukomeye, ukabona umuriro, cyangwa udashobora kujya kumushishi, ibi ni ibimenyetso byerekana ko ukeneye ubufasha bwa muganga vuba.

Uko wakwitegura gusura muganga wawe

Kwitabira neza inama yawe bifasha muganga wawe gukora isuzuma ryiza no gutegura gahunda nziza yo kuvura. Gutegura neza bishobora kandi kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere kandi udatinya.

Mbere yo gusura, kora ibi bintu by'ingenzi:

• Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye n'uburyo bikomeye
• Andika imiti yose, ibyongeramo, na vitamine ufata
• Andika amateka y'umuryango w'amabuye y'impyiko cyangwa ibibazo by'inzira y'umushishi
• Zana ibisubizo by'ibizamini byabanje cyangwa ibyavuye mu isuzuma ry'amashusho niba ubifite
• Tegura ibibazo ku ndwara yawe n'uburyo bwo kuvura
• Tegura kuzana inshuti cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo bagufashe

Ntugatinye gusaba muganga wawe gusobanura ikintu udasobanukiwe. Ni ngombwa ko wumva wishimye muri gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa kandi ukamenya icyo ugomba kwitega mu gihe cyo gukira.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cy'ingenzi ku bugirire bw'ureteri

Ubugirire bw'ureteri ni indwara ivurwa isaba ubufasha bwa muganga vuba kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka mbi. Ubugirire bwinshi buterwa n'amabuye y'impyiko, ashobora kuvurwa neza hifashishijwe uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni ukudapfobya ibimenyetso nk'ububabare bukabije mu mugongo, amaraso mu mushishi, cyangwa impinduka mu buryo bwo kujya kumushishi. Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvurwa bishobora kubungabunga imikorere y'impyiko no kwirinda ingaruka mbi zikomeye.

Hifashishijwe ubufasha bwa muganga n'ingamba zo kwirinda, abantu benshi bafite ubugirire bw'ureteri barakira neza kandi bashobora gufata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago byo kugira ibindi bibazo. Komeza unywe amazi menshi, gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe, kandi ntutinye gushaka ubufasha igihe ubikeneye.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku bugirire bw'ureteri

Q.1 Ni igihe kingana iki amabuye y'impyiko atwara kugira ngo anyure muri ureter?

Amabuye mato y'impyiko (ari munsi ya 4mm) akunze kuva wenyine mu cyumweru 1-3. Amabuye manini ashobora gutwara igihe kinini cyangwa akaba akeneye ubufasha bwa muganga. Muganga wawe ashobora kubara igihe hashingiwe ku bunini bw'ibuye n'aho buri mu isuzuma ry'amashusho.

Q.2 Ubugirire bw'ureteri bushobora kwangiza impyiko burundu?

Yego, ubugirire bumaze igihe kirekire bushobora kwangiza impyiko burundu, ariko ibi bisanzwe bitwara ibyumweru cyangwa amezi kugira ngo bibaho. Hifashishijwe kuvurwa vuba, abantu benshi barakira imikorere y'impyiko yose. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukugisha inama muganga vuba igihe ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Q.3 Kubagwa buhoraho buhoraho bukeneye ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Oya, kubagwa ntibihora bikenewe. Amabuye mato y'impyiko akunze kuva wenyine hifashishijwe kuvurwa bisanzwe. Ariko, amabuye manini, ubugirire bwose, cyangwa ibintu bifite ubwandu bishobora gusaba kubagwa nko gushyira stent.

Q.4 Gutwita bishobora gutera ubugirire bw'ureteri?

Yego, gutwita bishobora gutera ubugirire bw'ureteri, cyane cyane mu mezi atatu ya kabiri n'aya gatatu. Umwana urimo gutwita ashobora gukanda ureter, cyane cyane ku ruhande rw'iburyo. Ibi bisanzwe bikira nyuma yo kubyara, ariko rimwe na rimwe bisaba gukurikiranwa cyangwa kuvurwa mu gihe cyo gutwita.

Q.5 Ni ibihe biryo nkwiye kwirinda niba mfite amabuye y'impyiko?

Ibiryo byo kwirinda biterwa n'ubwoko bw'amabuye yawe. Kubera amabuye ya calcium oxalate (asanzwe), gabanya ibiryo byinshi bya oxalate nka epinari, imyumbati, shokola, na icyayi. Kubera amabuye ya uric acid, gabanya ibiryo byinshi bya purine nka inyama z'imbere n'amafi. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga amabwiriza yihariye mu mirire hashingiwe ku isuzuma ry'amabuye yawe.