Dementia ya Vascular ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, & Ubuvuzi

Dementia ya Vascular ibaho iyo amaraso ajya mu bwonko agabanutse akangiza imikaya y’ubwonko buhoro buhoro. Ni yo bwoko bwa kabiri bwa dementia bukunze kugaragara nyuma ya Alzheimer, ikaba igira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 10% bafite dementia.

Tekereza ubwonko bwawe nk’ubusitani bukeneye amazi ahora ahari kugira ngo bugume bukomeye. Iyo imiyoboro y’amaraso ifunzwe cyangwa yangiritse, ibice bimwe by’ubwonko bibona umwuka n’ibintu by’ingenzi bikenewe. Ibi bituma habaho ibibazo byo gutekereza, kwibuka, n’ibikorwa bya buri munsi bigenda birushaho kuba bibi uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Ibimenyetso bya dementia ya vascular ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya dementia ya vascular akenshi bigaragara mu buryo butunguranye nyuma y’indwara yo mu bwonko, cyangwa bishobora kuza buhoro buhoro uko imyenda mito y’amaraso igenda yangirika. Ibimenyetso ubona biterwa n’ibice by’ubwonko byangizwe no kugabanuka kw’amaraso.

Reka turebe ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ushobora kubona:

• Ibibazo byo gutekereza no gucuza: Ushobora kubona bigoye gutegura ibikorwa, gukemura ibibazo, cyangwa gufata ibyemezo byahoze bikoroha
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka: Nubwo ibibazo byo kwibuka bibaho, akenshi biba bidakomeye cyane mu ntangiriro ugereranyije na Alzheimer
• Ukuyoboka n’ubushidikanya: Ushobora kumva wibagiwe ahantu uziranye cyangwa ukagira ikibazo cyo gukurikirana ibiganiro
• Gukora ibintu bigoye: Kwita ku mirimo cyangwa gukomeza kwitabira ibintu birakomeye cyane
• Guhinduka mu buryo bwo kugenda: Ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kugenda, ugatambagira utaragize intambwe ndende, cyangwa ukumva nk’aho amaguru yawe afunze hasi
• Guhinduka mu mico n’imyitwarire: Kugira agahinda, guhangayika, cyangwa kwihangana gukabije ni ibimenyetso by’amarangamutima bikunze kugaragara
• Ibibazo byo kuvuga no kuvuga: Gushaka amagambo akwiriye cyangwa kumva abandi bishobora kugorana

Hari abantu bagira n’ibimenyetso bidasanzwe bishobora gutera impungenge cyane. Ibyo bishobora kuba harimo guhindura imyitwarire k’umugayo, kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima, cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kugenzura imikorere y’umwijima. Akenshi ibimenyetso bigaragara mu buryo bw’ibyiciro, aho habaho igihe cy’ituze gikurikirwa n’igabanuka ry’umugayo, cyane cyane nyuma y’indwara zo mu bwonko.

Ubwoko bw’indwara ya vascular dementia ni ubuhe?

Vascular dementia si indwara imwe gusa ahubwo ni itsinda ry’indwara zifitanye isano. Buri bwoko bukomoka ku buryo butandukanye bw’ibikomere by’imitsi y’amaraso mu bwonko.

Multi-infarct dementia iterwa n’indwara nyinshi nto z’imitsi y’amaraso ushobora kutamenya igihe ziba. Izi “indwara zitumvikana” zangiza buhoro buhoro uturemangingo tw’ubwonko, bigatuma ubushobozi bwo gutekereza bugabanuka buhoro buhoro.

Subcortical dementia itera iyo imitsi mito y’amaraso iri mu bwonko bwawe ikomeretse. Ubu bwoko akenshi butera ibibazo byo gutekereza vuba, guhindura imimerere, n’ingorane zo kugenda mbere y’uko ibibazo byo kwibuka biba byinshi.

Mixed dementia ifatanya vascular dementia n’ubundi bwoko, akenshi cyane indwara ya Alzheimer. Ubu buryo ni bwo busanzwe, cyane cyane mu bantu barengeje imyaka 80.

Hari kandi ubwoko buke cyane bwitwa CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy), bukomoka ku miryango kandi busanzwe butangira kugira ingaruka ku bantu bafite imyaka 40 cyangwa 50. Iyi ndwara ishingiye ku mpfuruka itera ikomere rihoraho ku mitsi mito y’amaraso mu bwonko bwose.

Ni iki giterwa na vascular dementia?

Vascular dementia iterwa n’ubwonko budashobora kubona amaraso ahagije kubera imitsi y’amaraso yangiritse cyangwa ikingiye. Iyi mitsi micye y’amaraso ihabura uturemangingo tw’ubwonko umwuka n’ibintu by’ingirakamaro bikenewe kugira ngo bikore neza.

Hari ibindi bibazo byinshi bishobora gutera ikomere ry’imitsi y’amaraso:

• Impanuka y’ubwonko: Impanuka zikomeye z’ubwonko ndetse n’impanuka nto nyinshi zishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw’ubwonko kandi zigatuma ibimenyetso bya demantia bigaragara
• Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso: Mu gihe kinini, umuvuduko mwinshi utera intege kandi ugabanya ubwinshi bw’ububare bw’amaraso mu bwonko bwawe
• Diabete: Ibiyiko byinshi by’isukari mu maraso birangiza inkuta z’ububare bw’amaraso, bigabanya ubushobozi bwazo bwo gutanga amaraso neza
• Kolesterol nyinshi: Ibinure byinshi bikusanyiriza mu mitsi y’amaraso, bigabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso ujya mu uturemangingo tw’ubwonko
• Indwara z’umutima: Indwara nka fibrillation ya atrial zishobora gutera imikondo y’amaraso yerekeza mu bwonko bwawe
• Atherosclerosis: Gukomera no kugabanya ubwinshi bw’imitsi y’amaraso mu mubiri wawe bigira ingaruka ku mitemberere y’amaraso mu bwonko

Bimwe mu bintu biterwa n’indwara zidakunze kugaragara birimo indwara z’amaraso zituma amaraso akora cyane, indwara z’uburiganya zigira ingaruka ku mitsi y’amaraso, ndetse na zimwe mu ndwara z’umuzuko. Impinduka ziterwa n’imyaka mu mitsi y’amaraso zinatuma abantu bakuze bahura n’ibibazo byinshi, nubwo badafite ibindi bintu byongera ibyago.

Aho kwangirika kw’imitsi y’amaraso bibera n’ubunini bwabyo bigena ibimenyetso bizagaragara n’uburyo byihuse bigenda. Niyo mpamvu demantia ya vascular ishobora kugaragara itandukanye cyane ukurikije umuntu.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera demantia ya vascular?

Wagomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ubona impinduka zikomeye mu kwibuka, mu kwibuka, cyangwa mu mikorere ya buri munsi zikubangamiye wowe cyangwa abakunzi bawe. Gusuzuma hakiri kare ni ingenzi cyane kuko bimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora kuvurwa cyangwa bikagenda.

Shaka ubufasha bw’abaganga vuba niba ufite ikibazo cy’ubushishozi butunguranye, ububabare bukomeye bw’umutwe, ugira ikibazo cyo kuvuga, cyangwa ugira intege nke ku ruhande rumwe rw’umubiri wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by’impanuka y’ubwonko, isaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Tegura gahunda yo kujya kwa muganga buri gihe, niba ubona impinduka buhoro buhoro nko kugorana mu gucunga imari, gutaha ahantu uziranye, kugorana mu gukurikirana ibiganiro, cyangwa impinduka mu mico isa nkaho itari yo. Nubwo impinduka nto ari zo, zigomba kwitabwaho, cyane cyane niba ufite ibyago nko kuba ufite umuvuduko w’amaraso mwinshi cyangwa diyabete.

Ntugatege amatsiko ngo ibimenyetso bikomeze kuba bibi mbere yo gushaka ubufasha. Kugira icyo ukora hakiri kare bishobora gufasha mu kugabanya umuvuduko w’uburwayi no kunoza ubuzima bwiza kuri wowe n’abagize umuryango wawe.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara y’ubwonko iterwa n’ubucafu bw’imitsi y’amaraso?

Gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zo kurinda ubuzima bw’ubwonko bwawe. Byinshi muri ibyo bintu ubishobora gucunga ukoresheje imibereho myiza n’ubuvuzi.

Ibintu byongera ibyago by’ingenzi birimo:

• Imyaka: Ibyago byiyongera hafi kabiri buri myaka 5 nyuma y’imyaka 65, nubwo abantu bakiri bato bashobora kubirwara
• Igisubira cyangwa ibitero bito by’indwara yo mu bwonko: Kugira igisubira kimwe cyongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko
• Umuvuduko w’amaraso mwinshi: Ikintu gikomeye cyane gishobora guhindurwa mu byongera ibyago by’indwara y’ubwonko iterwa n’ubucafu bw’imitsi y’amaraso
• Diyabete: Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere n’iya kabiri byongera ibyago, cyane cyane iyo idakurikiranwa neza
• Indwara z’umutima: Indwara nko kurwara imitsi y’umutima, gucika intege kw’umutima, n’umutima ukomanga nabi
• Kolesterol nyinshi: Urwego rwo hejuru rugira uruhare mu gusenyuka kw’imitsi y’amaraso mu gihe kinini
• Itabi: Kunywa itabi byongera umuvuduko w’ubusenyuka bw’imitsi y’amaraso kandi byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko
• Amateka y’umuryango: Kugira abavandimwe barwaye indwara yo mu bwonko cyangwa igisubira bishobora kongera ibyago byawe

Bimwe mu bintu biterwa indwara bitakunda kuvugwa ariko bikaba ingenzi birimo ibibazo byo guhumeka mu gihe cyo kuryama (sleep apnea), bigabanya umwuka ugera mu bwonko mu gihe cyo kuryama, ndetse na zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri (autoimmune conditions) zituma imiyoboro y’amaraso yibyimba. Abanyafurika b’Abanyamerika n’abanyesipanyoli bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara vascular dementia, kubera ahanini ubwandu bukabije bwa diyabete n’umuvuduko w’amaraso muri ayo matsinda y’abantu.

Inkuru nziza ni uko byinshi muri ibyo bintu byongera ibyago bishobora guhangana na byo binyuze mu buvuzi, guhindura imibereho, no gukurikiranwa buri gihe n’abaganga bawe.

Ni iki gishobora kuba ingaruka za vascular dementia?

Vascular dementia ni indwara itera imbere buhoro buhoro, bisobanura ko ingaruka zayo zisanzwe zigaragara buhoro buhoro uko indwara igenda ikomeza. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bibazo bishoboka bifasha wowe n’umuryango wawe kwitegura no gutegura ejo hazaza.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zishobora kuza uko igihe gihita harimo:

• Ibyago byo kugwa: Ibibazo byo kubura umutekano n’ubushashatsi bituma kugwa kuba kenshi, bishobora gutera amagufwa kuvunika
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kwishima: Ibi bishobora gutera guhumeka nabi, imirire mibi, cyangwa pneumonia iterwa no guhumeka ibintu mu bihaha
• Kudafite ubushobozi bwo kwifata: Kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura umwanya w’umubiri cyangwa amara birakomeza uko indwara igenda ikomeza
• Gutembera no gutaha: Kudashishoza bishobora gutera impungenge z’umutekano mu gihe uvuye mu rugo wenyine
• Ikiniga n’umunaniro: Izi ndwara zo mu mutwe ni zo zisanzwe kandi zishobora kugabanya ubuzima bwiza
• Ibibazo byo kuryama: Guhindura imikorere yo kuryama bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umurwayi n’uwita ku murwayi
• Ibibazo byo gufata imiti: Kwibagirwa inshuro cyangwa gufata umwanya utari wo birakomeza uko igihe gihita

Ingaruka nke ariko zikomeye harimo guhinduka bikomeye mu myitwarire, kubura burundu ubushobozi bwo gutanga amakuru, no kwiyongera kw’amahirwe yo kwandura indwara. Bamwe bashobora kurwara indwara z’ubwonko (seizures), nubwo ari bike.

Ibi bibazo byinshi bishobora gufatwaho ingamba cyangwa bikadindizwa hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye, gukurikiranwa n’abaganga buhoraho, no guhindura ibidukikije kugira ngo umutekano n’ubwigenge bihoreho igihe kirekire.

Uko dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imitsi y’amaraso ishobora kwirindwa

N’ubwo utazibuza burundu dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imitsi y’amaraso, ushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago uyirinda uburinzi bw’imitsi y’amaraso yawe n’ubuzima bw’ubwonko bwawe. Ingamba zimwe na zimwe zikumira indwara z’umutima n’impanuka zo mu bwonko zifasha kandi mu kwirinda dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imitsi y’amaraso.

Ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda zibanda ku gucunga ibintu byongera ibyago by’indwara z’umutima:

• Kugumisha igitutu cy’amaraso: Kigumane munsi ya 140/90 mmHg, cyangwa munsi yacyo niba muganga wawe abikugira inama
• Guhangana na diyabete: Kwita ku isukari mu maraso hakoreshejwe indyo, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n’imiti iramutse ibaye ngombwa
• Kureka kunywa itabi: Kureka kunywa itabi mu myaka yose bigabanya ibyago kandi binonosora ubuzima bw’imitsi y’amaraso
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe: Gerageza gukora nibura iminota 150 y’imyitozo ngororamubiri yo hagati mu cyumweru kugira ngo wongere imitsi y’amaraso
• Kurya indyo nzima y’umutima: Ibanda ku mboga n’imbuto, ibinyamisogwe, kandi ugabanye ibinure byuzuye
• Kugumisha cholesterol nzima: Korana n’umuganga wawe kugira ngo ugere ku rwego rwifuzwa binyuze mu mirire n’imiti iramutse ibaye ngombwa
• Kugabanya inzoga: Kunywa inzoga nke bishobora kuba byiza, ariko kunywa inzoga nyinshi byongera ibyago by’impanuka zo mu bwonko

Gukangurira ubwenge binyuze mu gusoma, puzzle, ibikorwa by’imibereho rusange, no kwiga ubumenyi bushya bishobora kandi gufasha kubaka ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibibazo by’ubwenge. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko kugumana umubano mwiza n’abandi no kuvura ihungabana vuba bishobora gutanga uburinzi bwiyongereye.

Gusuzuma buri gihe kwa muganga bituma hamenyekana hakiri kare kandi hakavurwa ibintu byongera ibyago mbere y’uko bigira ingaruka zitazagaruka ku bwonko. Kwiringira kwirinda buri gihe ni byiza kurusha kuvura nyuma y’aho ibimenyetso bigaragaye.

Uko dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imitsi y’amaraso imenyekanishwa

Kumenya indwara ya dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso bisaba isuzuma rirambuye kuko nta kizami kimwe gishobora kugaragaza neza iyi ndwara. Muganga wawe azakenera gupima izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera ibibazo byo gutekereza no gushaka ibimenyetso byangirika ry’imijyana y’amaraso mu bwonko bwawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe butangira hakoreshejwe amateka y’ubuzima arambuye n’isuzuma ngororamubiri. Muganga wawe azakubaza ibibazo byawe, igihe byatangiye, uko byagiye bikura, n’amateka y’umuryango wawe yerekeye dementia cyangwa umwijima.

Ibizami byinshi bifasha kwemeza uburwayi:

• Isuzuma ry’ubwenge: Ibizami byateguwe neza bisuzuma kwibuka, gutekereza, ururimi, n’ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo
• Amashusho y’ubwonko: Scan ya CT cyangwa MRI ishobora kwerekana ibimenyetso by’umwijima, kwangirika kw’imijyana y’amaraso, cyangwa gutakaza imisemburo y’ubwonko
• Ibizami by’amaraso: Ibi bimazeho izindi ndwara nka kubura vitamine, ibibazo by’umwijima, cyangwa indwara
• Isuzuma rya neurologique: Ibizami by’imikorere, ubufatanye, imbaraga, n’ubwumva kugira ngo hamenyekane imikorere y’ubwonko

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibizami byihariye nka ultrasound ya carotid kugira ngo arebe imijyana y’amaraso ifunze, cyangwa echocardiogram kugira ngo asuzume imikorere y’umutima. Mu bihe bimwe bimwe, isuzuma rya neuropsychological ritanga isuzuma rirambuye ry’ubushobozi bw’ubwenge.

Uburwayi burasobanuka iyo ibimenyetso byo gutekereza bibaye hamwe n’ibimenyetso by’umwijima cyangwa indwara ikomeye y’imijyana y’amaraso. Rimwe na rimwe uburwayi buhinduka uko muganga wawe abona uko ibimenyetso bigenda bikura kandi bigasubiza imiti.

Ni iki kivura dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso?

Kuvura dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso byibanda ku kugabanya kwihuta kw’uburwayi, gucunga ibimenyetso, no kunoza imibereho. Nubwo nta muti uhari, uburyo butandukanye bushobora kugufasha kugumana imikorere no kwihaza igihe kirekire.

Uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuvura burimo gukumira kwangirika kw’imijyana y’amaraso:

• Imiti igabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso: ACE inhibitors, diuretics, cyangwa indi miti ifasha kugumana umuvuduko w’amaraso ukwiye
• Imiti igabanya ubugarike bw’amaraso: Aspirin cyangwa indi miti igabanya ubugarike bw’amaraso ishobora gukumira ibindi bihe by’indwara zo mu bwonko, niba bikubereye
• Imiti igabanya cholesterol: Statins zifasha kurinda imiyoboro y’amaraso kugira ngo idakomeza kwangirika
• Gucunga diyabete: Insuline cyangwa indi miti ifasha kugumana isukari mu maraso ku rugero rukwiye

Ku birebana n’ibibazo byo gutekereza, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika imiti ya cholinesterase inhibitors nka donepezil, rivastigmine, cyangwa galantamine. Nubwo iyi miti yabanje gukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya Alzheimer, ishobora kugira akamaro gato kuri bamwe mu barwaye vascular dementia.

Gucunga ibibazo byo kwiheba, guhangayika, n’imyitwarire itari myiza bikeneye imiti y’inyongera cyangwa inama. Ibibazo byo gusinzira nabi, guhora uhangayitse, cyangwa kubona ibintu bitariho bishobora kuba bikeneye uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura kugira ngo umuntu aruhuke kandi abe amahoro.

Uburyo budakoresha imiti burimo kuvurwa n’abaganga b’imyuga kugira ngo umuntu akomeze ubushobozi bwe bwa buri munsi, kuvurwa n’abaganga b’imibiri kugira ngo umuntu akomeze kugenda neza kandi agabanye ibyago byo kugwa, no kuvurwa n’abaganga b’imvugo niba kuvugana bigoye. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, kwifatanya n’abandi, no gukomeza gahunda za buri munsi byose bifasha kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Nigute wakwita ku muntu ufite vascular dementia mu rugo?

Kurema ikirere cyiza mu rugo bishobora kunoza cyane ubuzima bwa buri munsi bw’umuntu ufite vascular dementia. Impinduka nto zikunze kugira akamaro kanini mu gufasha umuntu kugumana ubwigenge bwe no kugabanya kwiheba.

Fata ingamba zo kwirinda impanuka no koroshya ibintu mu rugo rwawe. Kuraho ibintu bishobora gutera umuntu kugwa nka tapi zidashikamye, komeza umucyo uhagije mu rugo rwawe, kandi ushyireho ibintu byo gufata mu bwiherero. Gabanya ibintu by’ingenzi ahantu humvikana kandi wandike amazina ku masanduku cyangwa amapineti niba ari ngombwa.

Shyiraho gahunda z’ibikorwa bya buri munsi zihoraho, zigufasha kugira umuteguro kandi zigabanye ukubura ubumenyi. Gerageza gutegura ibikorwa bikomeye mu gihe utekereza neza, akenshi mu gitondo. Gabanya imirimo migorobanye mu bice bito, byoroshye gukora.

Uburyo bwo gutumanaho bushobora kugufasha gukomeza umubano n’umuryango n’inshuti:

• Vuga buhoro kandi neza, ukoresheje interuro zoroheje
• Tanga amabwiriza umwe umwe kandi uhe umwanya uhagije wo gusubiza
• Koresha ibimenyetso by’amaso cyangwa imitoma hamwe n’amagambo avugwa
• Komera kandi wihangane, nubwo bisaba gusubiramo
• Fata mu mwanya w’ibyababaje n’ibyiyumvo aho kwita ku bintu by’ukuri iyo urwibutso runanirwa

Teza imbere gukomeza kwitabira ibikorwa bishimishije, nubwo bishobora guhinduka. Umuziki, ubuhanzi, ubuhinzi, cyangwa ibindi bintu by’imyidagaduro bishobora gutanga ibyishimo n’ubumenyi bwo mu mutwe. Imikino ngororamubiri ya buri gihe, ndetse no kugenda buhoro, bifasha kubungabunga ubuzima bw’umubiri kandi bishobora kugabanya gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gutekereza.

Ntiwibagirwe inkunga y’uwita ku murwayi. Kwita ku muntu ufite indwara ya alzheimer bigoye, bityo ushake ubufasha mu muryango, inshuti, amatsinda y’inkunga, cyangwa serivisi z’abahanga igihe bibaye ngombwa.

Wategura gute uruzinduko kwa muganga?

Gutegura neza uruzinduko rwawe kwa muganga bifasha guhamya ko ubona ubuvuzi nyakuri n’amakuru afatika. Zana umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti wizeye, ushobora gutanga ibindi bisobanuro kandi akagufasha kwibuka ibintu by’ingenzi.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, andika ibimenyetso byose ubu ufite n’igihe wabimenye bwa mbere. Fata ingero zihariye z’uko ibikorwa bya buri munsi byagoranye, nko kugira ikibazo cyo gucunga imari, gutaha mu gihe utwaye imodoka, cyangwa kwibagirwa amazina azi.

Komereza amakuru y’ingenzi uzabwira muganga wawe:

• Urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti ukoresha ubu, harimo n’ingano yayo n’ibindi biribwa byongera ubuzima
• Amateka y’ubuzima bwawe, cyane cyane iby’indwara z’umutima, diyabete, cyangwa umuvuduko w’amaraso ukabije
• Amateka y’indwara mu muryango wawe, nka diyabete, indwara z’umutima, cyangwa izindi ndwara zifata ubwonko
• Impinduka uheruka kugira mu myumvire, imyitwarire, cyangwa kamere
• Iguhuha ryose, impanuka, cyangwa ikintu cyose kibangamiye umutekano wabayeho

Tegura ibibazo ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvura, uko indwara izagenda itera imbere, n’ubufasha buhari. Baza ibyerekeye umutekano, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga, n’igihe ukwiye gutangira gutegura uko uzakwitaho mu gihe kiri imbere.

Zana ikayi kugira ngo wandike amakuru y’ingenzi mu gihe cy’isura. Kugenda kwa muganga bishobora kuguha umunaniro, kandi kwandika ibintu by’ingenzi bigufasha kubyibuka nyuma. Ntugatinye gusaba muganga wawe gusubiramo cyangwa gusobanura ikintu cyose utumva.

Ni iki gikuru wakuramo ku ndwara ya vascular dementia?

Vascular dementia ni indwara ikomeye ariko ishobora kuvurwa, iterwa no kugabanuka kw’amaraso bigenda bikomeretsa ubwonko buhoro buhoro. Nubwo ari indwara itera imbere kandi kugeza ubu itagira umuti, kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora kugabanya uburyo itera imbere kandi bigafasha kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza.

Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko hari byinshi mu bintu byongera ibyago bishobora kwirindwa. Kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso, diyabete, cholesterol, n’izindi ndwara z’umutima bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara vascular dementia cyangwa gukomeza kumererwa nabi.

Niba umaze igihe ufite vascular dementia, shyira imbaraga mu byo ushobora gukora uyu munsi. Fata imiti nk’uko yagutegetswe, komeza kugira imyitozo ngororamubiri n’imibanire myiza n’abandi, bungabunga umutekano w’iwanyu, kandi ukorane bya hafi n’abaganga bawe. Ibintu bito ukora buri munsi bigira uruhare runini mu mibereho yawe y’igihe kirekire.

Wibuke ko kugira indwara ya dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso ntibiguha agaciro cyangwa ngo bikureho amahirwe yo kugira ubuzima bujyanye n’ibyishimo. Ufashijwe neza, abantu benshi bakomeza kubona intego n’imibanire nubwo iyi ndwara ikomeza gutera imbere. Ntawe uri wenyine muri uru rugendo, kandi ubufasha burahari.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku bijyanye na dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso

Q1: Dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso itera imbere vuba gute?

Uburyo dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso itera imbere butandukanye cyane ukurikije umuntu, kandi akenshi bibaho mu buryo bwa buhoro buhoro aho kuba igabanuka rihoraho. Bamwe baguma bahagaze amezi cyangwa imyaka, naho abandi bashobora kugira impinduka zihuse, cyane cyane nyuma y’indwara zo mu bwonko.

Uburyo itera imbere biterwa n’ibintu nko kuba imijyana y’amaraso yangiritse cyane, uko uburwayi bw’ibanze bugenzurwa neza, ubuzima rusange, no kubona ubuvuzi. Gucunga neza umuvuduko w’amaraso, diyabete n’izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera iyi ndwara bishobora kugabanya cyane uburyo itera imbere.

Q2: Dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso ishobora gukira?

Dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso ntishobora gukira burundu, ariko bimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora kugenda neza hakoreshejwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Gucunga umuvuduko w’amaraso, gucunga diyabete, no gukumira izindi ndwara zo mu bwonko bishobora guhagarika cyangwa kugabanya uburyo itera imbere mu bihe byinshi.

Bamwe bagira iterambere rito mu kwibuka no gukora imirimo ya buri munsi iyo uburwayi bw’ibanze bugenzurwa neza. Kugira ubuvuzi hakiri kare ni cyo kintu cyiza cyane cyo kubungabunga ubushobozi bwo kwibuka no gukomeza kwihaza igihe kirekire.

Q3: Dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso irazimukira?

Urugero rwinshi rwa dementia iterwa n’uburwayi bw’imijyana y’amaraso ntirazimukira, ariko amateka y’umuryango ashobora kongera ibyago byawe. Niba abavandimwe bagize indwara zo mu bwonko, indwara z’umutima, diyabete, cyangwa umuvuduko w’amaraso uri hejuru, ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara izi ndwara.

Indwara zikomoka ku mbaraga z’umurage nka CADASIL zirazimukira, ariko zigize igipimo gito cyane cy’ibihe. Ibanda ku gucunga ibyago ushobora gucunga aho guhangayikishwa n’amateka y’umuryango udashobora guhindura.

Q4: Ni iki gitandukanya indwara y'ubwonko iterwa n'uburwayi bw'imitsi n'indwara ya Alzheimer?

Indwara y'ubwonko iterwa n'uburwayi bw'imitsi iterwa no kugabanuka kw'amaraso ajya mu bwonko, mu gihe indwara ya Alzheimer iterwa n'ikibazo cy'imisemburo yangiza uturemangingo tw'ubwonko. Indwara y'ubwonko iterwa n'uburwayi bw'imitsi ikunda gufata uburyo bwo gutekereza no gufata ibyemezo mbere y'uko igira ingaruka ku kwibuka, mu gihe indwara ya Alzheimer isanzwe itangira guhungabanya kwibuka mbere.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara y'ubwonko iterwa n'uburwayi bw'imitsi bishobora kuza imbere mu buryo butunguranye nyuma y'indwara yo kubura ubwenge cyangwa bigakomeza buhoro buhoro, mu gihe indwara ya Alzheimer isanzwe igaragara mu buryo buhoro buhoro kandi buhoraho. Abantu benshi bafite izo ndwara zombi hamwe, bikaba byitwa indwara ivangwa.

Q5: Umugabo cyangwa umugore ashobora kubaho igihe kingana iki arwaye indwara y'ubwonko iterwa n'uburwayi bw'imitsi?

Igihe umuntu ashobora kubaho arwaye indwara y'ubwonko iterwa n'uburwayi bw'imitsi gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'imyaka umuntu yamenyeyeho iyo ndwara, ubuzima bwe rusange, uburemere bw'ibimenyetso, n'uburyo uburwayi bujyanye butavurwa. Bamwe babaho imyaka myinshi bafite ubuzima bwiza, abandi bashobora kubaho igihe gito.

Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku gihe umuntu abaho harimo ubuzima bwe rusange, uko asubiza ku ivuriro, ubufasha bw'abantu bamukikije, no kwirinda ingaruka nk'ugwa cyangwa indwara zandura. Ibanga ni ukwita ku kubaho neza uyu munsi aho kugerageza kumenya igihe kizaza.