Ese Cancer ya Vulva ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Cancer ya vulva ni ubwoko bwa kanseri itera mu gice cy'ibitsina by'umugore cyo hanze, kitwa vulva. Iki gice kirimo iminwa yo hanze n'imbere y'inda, clitoris, na kimwe cya mbere cy'inda. Nubwo atari ikintu gisanzwe, kiba ku bagore umwe kuri 333 mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwabo, gusobanukirwa iyi ndwara bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare no gushaka ubuvuzi bukwiye igihe bibaye ngombwa.

Ese Cancer ya Vulva ni iki?

Cancer ya vulva ibaho iyo uturemangingo mu mubiri wa vulva dutangira gukura mu buryo budasanzwe kandi bwihuse. Vulva irimo ibice byose byo hanze by'imyororokere y'umugore, kuva kuri mons pubis kugera kuri perineum.

Iyi kanseri ya vulva ikunze gutinda gukura imyaka myinshi, ikunze gutangira nk'impinduka z'imbere z'uturemangingo zitari kanseri, zizwi nka vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). Izi mpinduka ntizahinduka kanseri buri gihe, ariko iyo bibaye, kubimenya hakiri kare bituma ubuvuzi bugira icyo bugeraho cyane.

Ubwoko bwa kanseri ya vulva busanzwe ni squamous cell carcinoma, bugera kuri 90% bya kanseri ya vulva. Ubwoko bw'iyi kanseri butangira mu turemangingo duto, duto duherereye ku mubiri wa vulva.

Ibimenyetso bya Cancer ya Vulva ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso bya kanseri ya vulva bishobora kuba bito mu ntangiriro, kandi abagore benshi babanza kubifata nk'izindi ndwara zisanzwe. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukwitondera impinduka zikomeza cyangwa zikomeza kuba mbi uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Dore ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira:

• Kuryaryatwa bidashira bidakira n'imiti isanzwe
• Kubabara cyangwa kubabara mu gice cya vulva
• Kuva amaraso bidakomoka ku mihango
• Impinduka z'irangi ry'uruhu rwa vulva, bigatuma rugaragara rumye cyangwa rwera
• Urukwavu, umunaniro, cyangwa ikintu gikura kuri vulva
• Impinduka z'uruhu nko gukomera, gukuraho uruhu, cyangwa ibintu bisa n'ibicurane
• Kumva ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kwinjira
• Ibinyabutabire bidasanzwe cyangwa impumuro mbi

Ibimenyetso bito bishobora kuba harimo imibonano mpuzabitsina ibabaza cyangwa kumva igitutu mu gice cy'imbere. Ibuka ko kugira ibi bimenyetso ntibisobanura ko ufite kanseri, kuko izindi ndwara nyinshi zishobora gutera ibibazo bisa.

Ubwoko bwa Cancer ya Vulva ni ubuhe?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa kanseri ya vulva, burimo buri bwoko buturuka mu bwoko butandukanye bw'uturemangingo. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bw'iyi kanseri bifasha abaganga kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura buri muntu ku giti cye.

Squamous cell carcinoma ni ubwoko busanzwe cyane, bugera kuri 90% ya kanseri ya vulva yose. Iyi kanseri itangira mu turemangingo duto, duto dukingira umubiri wa vulva kandi ikunze gukura buhoro buhoro.

Melanoma igera kuri 5% ya kanseri ya vulva kandi itera mu turemangingo dukora ibara. Ubwoko bw'iyi kanseri bugira ubukana kandi bushobora gukwirakwira vuba kurusha squamous cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma si ubwoko busanzwe, butangira mu turemangingo tw'ibice by'umubiri wa vulva. Ubwoko bw'iyi kanseri bukunze gutangira mu mitsi ya Bartholin, ikora amazi ashobora gufasha mu mibonano mpuzabitsina hafi y'aho inda yinjira.

Ubwoko buke cyane harimo basal cell carcinoma, sarcoma, na Paget's disease ya vulva. Ibi bigera kuri munsi ya 5% ya kanseri ya vulva yose ariko bisaba uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura.

Ese Cancer ya Vulva iterwa n'iki?

Cancer ya vulva itera iyo ikintu cyangiza ADN mu turemangingo twa vulva, bigatuma bikura kandi byiyongera mu buryo budakwiye. Nubwo tutazi neza icyateza ubu buryo, abashakashatsi bamenye ibintu by'ingenzi byinshi.

Impamvu nyamukuru n'ibintu bigira uruhare birimo:

• Ubwandu bwa human papillomavirus (HPV), cyane cyane ubwoko bufite akaga nka HPV 16 na 18
• Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), uburwayi butari kanseri
• Lichen sclerosus, uburwayi buhoraho bw'uburaka bugira ingaruka ku ruhu rwa vulva
• Impinduka z'uturemangingo zijyanye n'imyaka, kuko ibyago byo kurwara bikura cyane nyuma y'imyaka 50
• Itabi, rigabanya ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kurwanya ubwandu bwa HPV
• Ubwandu bwa HIV cyangwa izindi ndwara zigabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura cyangwa y'inda yabayeho mbere

Ni ngombwa kumva ko kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu bintu byongera ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzabona kanseri ya vulva. Abagore benshi bafite ibyago ntibabona iyi ndwara, mu gihe bamwe badafite ibyago byagaragaye barayibona.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ibimenyetso bya Cancer ya Vulva?

Ukwiye kuvugana n'umuganga wawe niba ubona impinduka zihoraho mu gice cya vulva. Gusuzuma hakiri kare bihora ari byiza kuruta gutegereza, cyane cyane iyo ibimenyetso bikomeje ibyumweru birenga bike.

Shaka ubuvuzi vuba niba ufite kuryaryatwa bidashira bidakira n'imiti yo mu maduka, imikura cyangwa ibintu bikura ku gice cya vulva, cyangwa impinduka z'irangi cyangwa imiterere y'uruhu. Kuva amaraso hagati y'imihigo cyangwa nyuma y'igihe cy'imihango bisaba kandi gusuzuma vuba.

Ntukareke isoni zigutera kudashaka ubuvuzi. Abaganga batozwa gufasha mu bibazo nk'ibi mu buryo bw'umwuga kandi bufite urukundo. Barabizi byose kandi bashaka kugufasha kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe n'ituze ryawe.

Ibintu byongera ibyago bya Cancer ya Vulva ni ibihe?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kurwara kanseri ya vulva, nubwo kugira ibyago ntibihamya ko uzayirwara. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe.

Ibintu byongera ibyago by'ingenzi birimo:

• Imyaka irenga 50, aho abenshi barwara nyuma y'imyaka 65
• Ubwandu bwa HPV, cyane cyane ubwandu buhoraho bufite ubwoko bufite akaga
• Amateka y'uburwayi butari kanseri bwa vulva nka VIN
• Lichen sclerosus cyangwa izindi ndwara z'uburaka bw'igihe kirekire zibasira vulva
• Itabi, ryongera ibyago kabiri rigabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke buturuka kuri HIV, kubera gufata imiti, cyangwa kubera gufata imiti
• Amateka y'indwara ya kanseri y'inkondo y'umura, y'inda, cyangwa ya nyuma
• Kugira abashakanye benshi cyangwa gutangira imibonano mpuzabitsina hakiri kare

Bamwe mu bagore bagira ibibazo by'imiterere y'umubiri bishobora kongera ibyago, nubwo ibi bitarasobanuwe neza. Kugira amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri ya vulva si ikintu gisanzwe ariko bishobora kongera ibyago gato mu miryango imwe.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Cancer ya Vulva ni izihe?

Nubwo ingaruka za kanseri ya vulva zishobora kuvurwa neza, gusobanukirwa ibibazo bishoboka bishobora kugufasha gukorana n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga. Ingaruka nyinshi zishobora kuvurwa, cyane cyane iyo zimenyekanye hakiri kare.

Ingaruka ku mubiri zishobora kuba:

• Gukwirakwira mu mitsi ya lymph iri hafi mu gice cy'imbere
• Gukwirakwira mu tundi turemangingo turi hafi nka vagina, urethra, cyangwa anus
• Ubwandu ahantu kanseri iri, cyane cyane iyo imikura y'ibibyimba
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kwinjira niba kanseri igira ingaruka ku bindi bice biri hafi
• Kubabara mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina cyangwa kugira ikibazo cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina
• Kubyimbirwa mu maguru niba imiyoboro ya lymph ibaye myinshi

Mu bihe bidafite akaga, kanseri ya vulva ishobora gukwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri nka mu mapapu, umwijima, cyangwa amagufwa. Ariko ibi bikunze kubaho gusa iyo kanseri ari iya kure, idavuwe.

Ingaruka zijyanye no kuvura zishobora kuba harimo ibibazo byo gukira ibikomere nyuma y'ubuganga, lymphedema (kubyimbirwa) kubera gukuraho imiyoboro ya lymph, cyangwa impinduka z'uruhu kubera radiotherapy. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizahora rikurikirana ibi bibazo kandi rizagufasha uko bikwiye.

Ese Cancer ya Vulva ishobora gukumirwa gute?

Nubwo udashobora gukumira kanseri ya vulva yose, hari uburyo bwinshi bushobora kugabanya ibyago byayo cyane. Inkuru nziza ni uko uburyo bwinshi bwo kwirinda bukingira izindi ndwara.

Inkingo ya HPV ni kimwe mu bintu byiza cyane byo kwirinda biriho. Urukingo ruringaniza ubwoko bwa HPV bufite akaga cyane bushobora gutera kanseri ya vulva kandi rugerwaho ku bakobwa n'abahungu bafite imyaka 11 cyangwa 12.

Imibonano mpuzabitsina ikorwa neza ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura HPV. Ibi birimo kugabanya umubare w'abashakanye, gukoresha uburyo bwo kwirinda nka kondomu, no kuganira n'abashakanye ku mateka y'ubuzima bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Kureka itabi ni ingenzi, kuko itabi ryongera cyane ibyago bya kanseri ya vulva kandi bigorana ko umubiri wawe urwanya ubwandu bwa HPV. Niba ukeneye ubufasha bwo kureka itabi, hari ubufasha n'ibikorwa byinshi biriho.

Kujya gusuzuma buri gihe kwa muganga bifasha mu kubona hakiri kare impinduka zitaraba kanseri. Umuganga wawe ashobora kubona ibibazo mu gihe cyo gusuzuma imyanya myibarukiro mbere y'uko biba bibi.

Kuvura indwara z'igihe kirekire za vulva nka lichen sclerosus neza bishobora kugabanya ibyago bya kanseri. Izi ndwara zisaba gukurikiranwa no kuvurwa kugira ngo zidakomeze kuba mbi.

Ese Cancer ya Vulva imenyekanwa ite?

Kumenya kanseri ya vulva bikunze gukorwa mu ntambwe nyinshi, bitangira no gusuzuma neza no gukora ibizamini byihariye. Umuganga wawe azakora ibintu byose kugira ngo amenye icyateye ibibazo.

Uburyo busanzwe butangira no kumenya amateka y'ubuzima n'isuzuma ry'umubiri. Umuganga azakubaza ibimenyetso, igihe wabimenye, n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ay'umuryango.

Isuzuma ry'imbere rifasha umuganga wawe gusuzuma igice cya vulva no gusuzuma imikura cyangwa ibice bifite ikibazo. Bashobora gukoresha igikoresho cyo kubona neza kitwa colposcope kugira ngo babone neza ibice bishidikanywaho.

Niba hari ibice bidasanzwe biboneka, biopsy ni bwo buryo bwo kumenya neza kanseri ya vulva. Muri ubu buryo, igice gito cy'umubiri gikurwaho kandi gisuzumwa munsi y'imashini y'ubuvuzi n'umuganga w'inzobere.

Niba kanseri yemewe, bishobora kuba ngombwa gukora ibindi bizamini kugira ngo hamenyekane uko indwara ikwirakwira. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo CT scan, MRI, cyangwa PET scan kugira ngo harebwe niba kanseri ikwirakwira mu bindi bice.

Ubuvuzi bwa Cancer ya Vulva ni ubuhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri ya vulva biterwa n'ibintu byinshi birimo ingano, aho iherereye, n'icyiciro cya kanseri, ndetse n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Intego ni ugukuraho kanseri neza mugihe ubungabunze imikorere isanzwe.

Ubuganga ni bwo buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura kanseri ya vulva. Ubwoko bw'ubuganga biterwa n'ingano ya kanseri n'aho iherereye. Kanseri nto, iri mu cyiciro cya mbere ishobora kuvurwa no gukuraho igice cy'ibibyimba n'igice gito cy'umubiri muzima.

Kubera kanseri nini cyangwa iri mu cyiciro cyo hejuru, ubuganga burambuye bushobora kuba ngombwa. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo vulvectomy, ikuraho igice cyangwa vulva yose, rimwe na rimwe hamwe n'imikuri ya lymph iri hafi.

Radiotherapy ikoresha imirasire ifite imbaraga nyinshi yo kwica uturemangingo twa kanseri kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mbere y'ubuganga kugira ngo igabanye ibintu, nyuma y'ubuganga kugira ngo yice uturemangingo twa kanseri dushigaje, cyangwa nk'uburyo nyamukuru bwo kuvura iyo ubuganga budashoboka.

Chemotherapy ikoresha imiti yica uturemangingo twa kanseri mu mubiri wose. Nti ikoreshwa cyane kuri kanseri ya vulva ariko ishobora kugerwaho hamwe na radiotherapy cyangwa ku ndwara zikomeye.

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakorana nawe kugira ngo mugire gahunda ikujyanye nawe, ibyo ukunda, n'intego zawe zo kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza.

Uko wakwitaho iwawe mu gihe ufite Cancer ya Vulva

Kwitaho iwawe mu gihe cyo kuvura kanseri ya vulva byibanda ku kuvura ibimenyetso, gufasha gukira, no kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizagufasha uko bikwiye hashingiwe ku gahunda yawe yo kuvura.

Kwitaho ibikomere ni ingenzi niba wabazwe. Komereza ahantu hakeye kandi humye, kurikiza amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe yo guhindura imyenda, kandi witondere ibimenyetso by'ubwandu nko gutukura, kubyimbirwa, cyangwa ibinyabutabire bidasanzwe.

Kuvura ububabare bishobora kuba harimo imiti yanditswe, ariko ushobora kandi gukoresha uburyo bwo guhumuriza nko koga mu mazi ashyushye, imyenda y'imbere idakomeye, no kwirinda ibintu bibabaza nka savon zifite impumuro cyangwa douches.

Ibiryo bigira uruhare mu gukira no kubungabunga imbaraga mu gihe cyo kuvura. Fata indyo yuzuye irimo amaprotéine ahagije, imbuto, na mboga. Komera amazi ahagije kandi utekereze ku byongerwamo by'ibiryo niba itsinda ryawe ribigutegeye.

Imikino myoroheje, nk'uko umuganga wawe abyemeje, ishobora kugufasha kubungabunga imbaraga n'imitekerereze mu gihe cyo kuvura. Ibi bishobora kuba harimo kugenda gito, kwicara, cyangwa ibindi bikorwa bitakomeye bikugirira akamaro.

Ntuzuyaze kuvugana n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga ufite ibibazo cyangwa impungenge. Bashobora kugufasha mu kuvura ingaruka, igihe cyo gushaka ubuvuzi bwihuse, n'uko wakwitaho iwawe.

Uko wakwitegura kujya kwa muganga

Kwitoza kujya kwa muganga bishobora kugufasha kubona ibyiza byinshi mu gihe cyawe n'umuganga wawe. Kwitegura neza bigatuma ibiganiro bigira icyo bigeraho kandi ubuvuzi bugakorwa neza.

Andika ibimenyetso byawe byose, harimo igihe byatangiye, uko byahindutse uko iminsi igenda ishira, n'icyo kibikiza cyangwa kibibabaza. Jya ugaragaza igihe, aho bibera, n'uburemere kugira ngo umuganga wawe asobanukirwe neza ibibazo.

Tegura urutonde rw'imiti yose ufata, harimo imiti yanditswe, imiti yo mu maduka, vitamine, n'ibindi byongerwamo. Nanone, kora amakuru y'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, harimo ubuganga bwakozwe mbere, indwara zihoraho, n'amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri.

Tekereza ku bibazo ushaka kubabaza umuganga wawe. Ibibazo bisanzwe bishobora kuba harimo ibizamini bikenewe, icyo ibisubizo bisobanura, uburyo bwo kuvura buhari, n'icyo utegereje mu gihe cyo gukira.

Tegura umuntu ukunda cyangwa umuryango wawe kugira ngo akujye kumva. Bashobora kugufasha mu buryo bw'amarangamutima no kukwibutsa amakuru yavuzwe mu gihe cyo gusura.

Tegura igihe cyo kuva mu kazi niba hari ubuganga buteganyijwe, kandi utegure aho uba mu gihe cyo gukira niba ubuganga buteganyijwe. Kugira byose biteguye mbere bigabanya umunaniro kandi bikugira umwanya wo gutekereza ku buzima bwawe.

Icyo ukwiye kumenya cyane kuri Cancer ya Vulva

Cancer ya vulva, nubwo atari ikintu gisanzwe, ivurwa neza iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ibimenyetso bihoraho bikwiye kuvuzwa, kandi kubimenya hakiri kare byongera cyane ibyo ubuvuzi bugeraho.

Abagore benshi barwaye kanseri ya vulva bakomeza kubaho ubuzima buzira umuze nyuma yo kuvurwa. Uburyo bw'ubugenge n'uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho byibanda ku kubungabunga imikorere mugihe uvuza kanseri neza.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda nko gukingira HPV, imibonano mpuzabitsina ikorwa neza, no kujya kwa muganga buri gihe bishobora kugabanya ibyago byawe cyane. Kubarwaye, gukorana n'itsinda ry'abaganga bifasha kubona ubuvuzi bwiza.

Ibuka ko kugira impungenge ku mpinduka za vulva ari ikintu gisanzwe, kandi abaganga bahari kugira ngo bafashe mu bibazo nk'ibi mu buryo bw'umwuga kandi bufite urukundo. Ubuzima bwawe n'ituze ryawe ni byo bikwiye kuganirwaho.

Ibibazo Bisanzwe Bibazwa kuri Cancer ya Vulva

Q.1 Ese kanseri ya vulva ihora iterwa na HPV?

Oya, nubwo ubwandu bwa HPV ari ikintu cyongera ibyago bya kanseri ya vulva, si cyo gituma ibaho. Hagati ya 40-50% bya kanseri ya vulva bifitanye isano n'ubwandu bwa HPV, mu gihe izindi ziterwa n'impinduka zijyanye n'imyaka, indwara z'uburaka bw'igihe kirekire nka lichen sclerosus, cyangwa ibindi bintu. Hari igihe ibaho nta kintu cyongera ibyago kizwi.

Q.2 Ese abakobwa bato bashobora kurwara kanseri ya vulva?

Nubwo kanseri ya vulva ikunda kuba ku bagore bakuze, aho abenshi barwara nyuma y'imyaka 50, abakobwa bato bashobora kuyirwara. Kanseri ya vulva iterwa na HPV ishobora kuba ku bakobwa bato, cyane cyane abafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buke. Ibibazo byose bihoraho bya vulva bikwiye gusuzuma uko byagenda kose.

Q.3 Ese nzashobora kubyara nyuma yo kuvurwa kanseri ya vulva?

Ubushobozi bwo kubyara nyuma yo kuvurwa kanseri ya vulva biterwa n'ubuganga bukozwe. Abagore benshi bakeneye gukuraho igice gito cy'ibibyimba bakomeza kugira ubushobozi bwo kubyara. Ariko kandi, ubuganga burambuye bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mubiri uri hafi y'inda. Ganiriza umuganga wawe ibibazo bijyanye no kubyara mbere yo kuvurwa kugira ngo umenye uko uhagaze n'ibyo wakora.

Q.4 Ese ngomba kujya gusuzuma buri kangahe nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Igihe cyo kujya gusuzuma gitandukanye bitewe n'uburyo bwo kuvura n'ibintu byongera ibyago, ariko bikunze kuba buri mezi 3-4 mu myaka ibiri ya mbere, hanyuma buri mezi 6 mu myaka itatu yakurikiyeho, kandi buri mwaka nyuma yaho. Umuganga wawe azakwigisha uko wakwigenzura n'impinduka ukwiye kwitondera hagati y'ibisuzumwa.

Q.5 Ese kanseri ya vulva ishobora gusubira nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Kimwe na kanseri nyinshi, kanseri ya vulva ishobora gusubira, ariko ibyago byo gusubira ni bike, cyane cyane ku kanseri iri mu cyiciro cya mbere ivuwe neza. Abenshi basubira mu myaka ibiri ya mbere nyuma yo kuvurwa. Niyo mpamvu gukurikirana buri gihe ari ingenzi mu kubona hakiri kare no kuvura vuba igihe cyose isubira.