Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, n'Ubuvuzi

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia ni ubwoko bwa kanseri y'amaraso buke cyane bugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kurwanya indwara. Bibaho iyo imwe mu uturemangingo tw'amaraso yitwa B-lymphocytes ikura mu buryo budakwiye ikaba ikora umunyu mwinshi witwa IgM antibody.

Iyi ndwara ikura gahoro ugereranyije n'izindi kanseri z'amaraso, bisobanura ko abantu benshi bashobora kubana nayo imyaka myinshi mu gihe bagenzura ibimenyetso byayo. Nubwo byumvikana bibi mu ntangiriro, gusobanukirwa ibiri kuba mu mubiri wawe bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura urugendo rwawe rw'ubuzima.

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni iki?

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, akenshi yitwa WM, ni kanseri itangira mu mugozi w'amagufwa aho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dukora. Utu turemangingo tw'indwara ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru busanzwe dufasha kurinda indwara.

Utu turemangingo tudakwiye dukora umunyu mwinshi witwa immunoglobulin M cyangwa IgM. Iyo IgM nyinshi yiyongereye mu maraso yawe, bituma amaraso yawe aba akomeye kurusha uko akwiye, nk'ubuki aho kuba amazi. Ubu bukomere bushobora gutera ibibazo mu mikorere y'amaraso mu mubiri wawe wose.

WM ifatwa nk'ubwoko bwa lymphoma, by'umwihariko ubwoko bwa non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Irasobanurwa kandi nk'indwara ya lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma kuko uturemangingo tw'indwara tumera nk'ivangura ry'uturemangingo twa lymphocytes na plasma cells iyo turebwe kuri microscope.

Ibimenyetso bya Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni ibihe?

Abantu benshi bafite WM nta bimenyetso baba bafite mu ntangiriro, kandi iyi ndwara ikunze kuvumburwa mu bipimo bisanzwe by'amaraso. Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bikura gahoro kandi bishobora kumvikana nk'umunaniro rusange cyangwa ibibazo by'ubuzima bito.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe ushobora kugira birimo:

• Umunaniro uhoraho utakura nubwo uruhuka
• Ubusembwa butuma ibikorwa bya buri munsi bigorana
• Kwishimagura cyangwa kuva amaraso byoroshye, ndetse no kubera ibikomere bito
• Kuva amaraso mu mazuru kenshi cyangwa kuva amaraso mu menyo
• Umuhogo w'amaraso ukomeye mu ijosi, mu gituza, cyangwa mu kibuno
• Imyeyo y'ijoro ibyimba imyenda cyangwa uburiri
• Gutakaza ibiro bidateganijwe mu mezi menshi
• Indwara zikunze kugaruka zikira gahoro

Bamwe mu bantu baragaragaza ibimenyetso bijyanye n'amaraso akomeye, abaganga bita hyperviscosity syndrome. Ibi bimenyetso bibaho kuko amaraso akomeye agorana guca mu mitsi mito mu mubiri wawe.

Ibimenyetso by'amaraso akomeye birimo:

• Kubura ubwenge cyangwa guhinduka mu maso
• Umutwe ubabaza utandukanye n'umutwe usanzwe ubabaza
• Kuzenguruka cyangwa kumva ugiye kugwa
• Kubura ubwenge cyangwa kugorana kwibanda
• Guhumeka bigoranye mu gihe ukora ibikorwa bisanzwe

Bidafite akenshi, ushobora kubona uburibwe cyangwa kubabara mu ntoki no mu birenge. Ibi bibaho iyo umunyu wa IgM wiyongereye ugira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe, indwara yitwa peripheral neuropathy.

Impamvu za Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni izihe?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya WM ntiyumvikana neza, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko itangira iyo impinduka za ADN ziba mu uturemangingo twa B-lymphocytes. Izi mpinduka za gene zibwira utwo turemangingo gukura no kwibyarira mu gihe bitakwiye, bigatuma utwo turemangingo tudakwiye twiyongera.

Urugero rwinshi rwa WM rubaho mu buryo butunguranye nta kintu cyabiteye. Impinduka za ADN ziterwa na WM zikunze kuba mu gihe umuntu abaho aho kuba azikomora ku babyeyi.

Ariko kandi, abahanga mu bya siyansi bamenye ibintu bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara WM. Abantu bagera kuri 20% bafite WM bafite abagize umuryango nabo bafite WM cyangwa indwara z'amaraso zijyanye, bigaragaza ko imyambarire ishobora kugira uruhare mu mimerere imwe.

Imyaka ni yo kintu gikomeye cyane tuzi. WM ikunda kwibasira abantu bakuze, abantu benshi barwaye bafite imyaka 60 cyangwa 70. Abagabo nabo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara WM kurusha abagore.

Ni ryari ukwiye kubona muganga kubera Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia?

Ukwiye kuvugana na muganga wawe niba ufite ibimenyetso biramba bidakira nyuma y'ibyumweru bike. Nubwo ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bifite impamvu nyinshi, ni ngombwa kubipima, cyane cyane niba ufite ibimenyetso byinshi hamwe.

Tegura gahunda yo kubona muganga niba ubona umunaniro uhoraho ubangamira ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, gutakaza ibiro bidateganijwe, cyangwa indwara zikunze kugaruka. Ibi bimenyetso bikwiye kuvurwa na muganga uko byaba bimeze kose.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba ufite impinduka z'ubwenge butunguranye, umutwe ubabaza cyane, kubura ubwenge, cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye cyane. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'uko amaraso akomeye ari kugira ingaruka ku ngingo z'ingenzi kandi bikeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Ntukabe umuntu uhangayitse cyane. Muganga wawe akunda gusuzuma ibimenyetso bigaragara ko ari bito kuruta kubura ikintu gikenewe kuvurwa.

Ibyago byo kurwara Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni ibihe?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yawe yo kurwara WM, nubwo ufite ibyago ntibisobanura ko uzahita urwara iyo ndwara. Abantu benshi bafite ibyago ntibarwara WM, kandi bamwe mu bantu badafite ibyago bizwi barayirwara.

Ibyago by'ingenzi birimo:

• Imyaka irenga 60, ibyago bikomeza kwiyongera uko ugenda ukura
• Kuba umugabo, kuko abagabo barwara WM kurusha abagore
• Kugira amateka y'umuryango wa WM cyangwa kanseri z'amaraso zijyanye
• Kugira indwara yitwa monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)
• Kuba warahura n'agakoko ka hepatitis C
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe zifata umubiri

MGUS ni indwara aho umubiri wawe ukora imyunyu idakwiye isa n'iyaba muri WM, ariko ari nke. Abantu benshi bafite MGUS ntibarwara kanseri, ariko byongera gato ibyago bya WM n'izindi kanseri z'amaraso.

Ibintu byo mu kirere nko guhura n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe cyangwa imirasire byarashinzweho ubushakashatsi, ariko nta kintu cyagaragaye gifitanye isano na WM. Inkuru nziza ni uko ibyinshi mu byago bya WM ari ibintu udashobora kugenzura, bisobanura ko nta kintu wakoze cyateye iyo ndwara.

Ingaruka zishoboka za Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni izihe?

WM ishobora gutera ingaruka nyinshi, ahanini kubera amaraso akomeye n'ingaruka z'uturemangingo tw'indwara ku mikorere y'umubiri wawe. Gusobanukirwa ibi bishoboka bishobora kugufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bwa muganga.

Ingaruka ikomeye ni hyperviscosity syndrome, aho amaraso aba akomeye cyane ku buryo adashobora gutembera neza. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku bantu bagera kuri 10-30% bafite WM kandi bishobora gutera ibibazo by'amaso, kuva amaraso, kandi mu bihe bidafite akenshi, gutera umutima cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zirimo:

• Ibyago byiyongereye byo kurwara kubera umubiri udashoboye kurwanya indwara
• Anemia, itera umunaniro no guhumeka bigoranye
• Ibibazo byo kuva amaraso kubera umubare muke w'uturemangingo twa platelets
• Umuhogo w'umwijima ushobora gutera ububabare mu nda
• Ibibazo by'impyiko bituruka ku munyu mwinshi
• Kubabara kw'imitsi biterwa no kubabara cyangwa kubabara

Bamwe mu bantu barwara indwara yitwa cryoglobulinemia, aho imyunyu iri mu maraso iterana hamwe mu gihe cy'ubukonje. Ibi bishobora gutera ububabare mu ngingo, ibibyimba ku ruhu, cyangwa ibibazo by'amaraso mu gihe cy'ubukonje.

Bidafite akenshi, WM ishobora guhinduka ubwoko bukomeye bwa lymphoma yitwa diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ibi bibaho ku bantu batarengeje 10% kandi bikunze kuba nyuma y'imyaka myinshi nyuma yo kuvumburwa kwa WM.

Inkuru nziza ni uko ubuvuzi bugezweho bushobora gukumira cyangwa kugenzura neza izi ngaruka. Gukurikirana buri gihe bifasha gufata ibibazo hakiri kare iyo biba byoroshye kubivura.

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya WM bikubiyemo ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane niba hari utwo turemangingo tw'indwara kandi hagenzurwe umunyu wa IgM mu maraso yawe. Muganga wawe azatangira abanza gupima amaraso kandi ashobora gukenera ibindi bikorwa kugira ngo abone ishusho yuzuye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe butangira gupima amaraso agaragaza umunyu udakwiye cyangwa umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso. Muganga wawe azategeka ibizamini byihariye kugira ngo apime umunyu wa IgM kandi arebe imiterere y'umunyu wa WM.

Ibizamini by'ingenzi byo kuvura birimo:

1. Ibizamini byuzuye by'amaraso kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubwoko bwose bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso
2. Ibizamini byuzuye byo kugenzura imikorere y'ingingo
3. Serum protein electrophoresis kugira ngo hamenyekane imyunyu idakwiye
4. Immunofixation kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwoko bw'umunyu udakwiye
5. Gupima umuguzi w'amagufwa kugira ngo harebwe utwo turemangingo tw'indwara
6. Flow cytometry kugira ngo hamenyekane ibimenyetso byihariye by'uturemangingo

Gupima umuguzi w'amagufwa bikorwa nk'ubuvuzi bw'inyuma mu bitaro hakoreshejwe imiti ibabaza.

Ibindi bizamini bishobora gukorwa birimo CT scan kugira ngo harebwe umuguzi w'amaraso ukomeye cyangwa ingingo, rimwe na rimwe gupima gene z'uturemangingo tw'indwara kugira ngo hafatwe umwanzuro w'ubuvuzi. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gupima ubukomere bw'amaraso yawe niba ufite ibimenyetso bya hyperviscosity syndrome.

Ubuvuzi bwa Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni buhe?

Ubuvuzi bwa WM bushingiye ku bimenyetso byawe, ibisubizo by'ibizamini by'amaraso, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Abantu benshi bafite WM ntibakenera ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa kandi bashobora gukurikiranwa n'ibisuzumwa bisanzwe, uburyo bwitwa "kureba no gutegereza."

Muganga wawe azagutegurira ubuvuzi niba ufite ibimenyetso, niba umubare w'amaraso yawe ugabanuka cyane, cyangwa niba umunyu wa IgM uba mwinshi cyane. Intego ni ugugenzura indwara, kugabanya ibimenyetso, no kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura birimo:

• Imiti ya chemotherapy nka bendamustine cyangwa fludarabine
• Imiti yibasira indwara nka ibrutinib cyangwa rituximab
• Imiti yongerera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ikorana n'ubudahangarwa bwawe
• Plasmapheresis yo gukuraho imyunyu myinshi mu maraso
• Gusimbuza uturemangingo tw'amaraso mu barwayi bakiri bato

Rituximab ikoreshwa kenshi kuko igaragaza utwo turemangingo twibasiwe na WM. Ikunze gutangwa nk'umuti uterwa mu mutsi kandi ikunze kuvanga n'imiti ya chemotherapy kugira ngo ibone uburyo bwiza.

Plasmapheresis ni uburyo bwo gukuraho amaraso kugira ngo hakurweho umunyu wa IgM mwinshi. Ikunze gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwihuse bwo kugabanya ubukomere bw'amaraso mu gihe ubundi buvuzi bugenda bugira ingaruka.

Ubuvuzi busanzwe butangwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bifite igihe cyo kuruhuka hagati kugira ngo umubiri wawe uruhuke. Abantu benshi bashobora gukomeza ibikorwa byabo bisanzwe mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi, nubwo ushobora kumva unaniwe kurusha uko wari usanzwe.

Uko wakwitwara iwawe ufite Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Kubana na WM bikubiyemo kwita ku buzima bwawe muri rusange mu gihe ugenzura ibimenyetso ushobora kugira. Guhindura ubuzima bwawe bworoshye bishobora kugufasha kumva umeze neza no kugabanya ibyago by'ingaruka.

Fata umwanya wo kubungabunga imbaraga zawe uburuhukira uko bikwiye kandi urye ibiryo biringaniye. Umubiri wawe ukeneye imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo uhangane n'iyi ndwara, ntukirengagize ko ukeneye kuryama kurusha mbere.

Intambwe z'ingenzi zo kwita ku buzima bwawe ubwawe zirimo:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo imbuto, imboga, na poroteyine
• Kunywa amazi ahagije
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe, uko imbaraga zawe zibikwemerera
• Kwirinda imihana mu gihe cy'imbeho n'ibicurane
• Kwoza intoki kenshi kugira ngo wirinde indwara
• Kunywa imiti yatanzwe neza nk'uko byategetswe

Kwita ku bimenyetso byawe kandi ukomeze ukore inyandiko y'impinduka. Bamwe mu bantu babona ko ari ingirakamaro kwandika uko bumva, ibyo bishobora kuba amakuru akenewe ku itsinda ry'ubuvuzi.

Komeza ube uzi gahunda yo gukingira, ariko banza ubanze ubaze muganga wawe kuko bimwe mu bishingizi bishobora kudakwiriye mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi. Ubudahangarwa bwawe bushobora kudakora nk'uko bisanzwe, ariko uburinzi bumwe ni bwo kuruta nta burinzi.

Ntukabe umuntu uhangayitse cyane gusaba ubufasha mu bikorwa bya buri munsi iyo unaniwe cyangwa udameze neza. Kwemera ubufasha bw'umuryango n'inshuti ni igice cy'ingenzi cyo kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Uko wakwitegura gahunda yawe yo kubona muganga

Kwitegura gahunda yawe yo kubona muganga bishobora kugufasha gukoresha neza igihe cyawe n'itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi. Andika ibibazo n'impungenge zawe mbere y'igihe kugira ngo wibuke kuganira ku ngingo z'ingenzi.

Zana urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose, amavitamini, n'ibindi byongerwamo ukoresha, harimo n'umwanya wabyo n'igihe ubiba wafashe. Ibi bifasha muganga wawe kwirinda ibibazo bishobora kuba byangiza.

Mbere y'igikorwa cyawe, tegura:

• Urutonde rw'ibimenyetso byawe byose n'igihe byatangiye
• Amateka yawe y'ubuzima, harimo n'izindi ndwara n'ubuvuzi
• Amateka y'umuryango wawe y'indwara z'amaraso cyangwa kanseri
• Ibibazo ku ndwara yawe, uburyo bwo kuvura, n'uburyo bwo kuvura
• Incuti cyangwa umuryango w'umuntu ukunda kugira ngo aze kumwe nawe

Tekereza kuzana umuntu mu gikorwa cyawe, cyane cyane muganira ku buryo bwo kuvura cyangwa ubona ibisubizo by'ibizamini. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru akenewe no kugufasha mu gihe uhangayitse.

Ntukabe umuntu uhangayitse cyane gusaba muganga wawe gusobanura ikintu udasobanukiwe. Ni ibintu bisanzwe gusaba ko imvugo y'ubuvuzi isobanurwa mu magambo yoroshye, kandi abaganga beza bishimira abarwayi bashaka gusobanukirwa indwara yabo.

Icy'ingenzi cyo kuzirikana kuri Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ni iki?

WM ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa kandi ikura gahoro, iha we na itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi igihe cyo gutegura uburyo bwiza bw'imimerere yawe. Abantu benshi bafite WM babana n'ubuzima buzuye, bukorwa imyaka myinshi.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kuzirikana ni uko WM igira ingaruka ku bantu bose mu buryo butandukanye. Bamwe mu bantu bakenera ubuvuzi bw'ihutirwa, abandi bashobora kumara imyaka batakenera ubuvuzi na busa. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye igihe cyiza n'uburyo bwiza bw'imimerere yawe.

Ubuvuzi bugezweho bwateje imbere cyane ibyavuye mu bantu bafite WM. Imiti mishya ikomeza gukorwa, kandi abantu benshi bagera ku gihe kirekire aho indwara yabo igenzurwa neza.

Fata umwanya wo kugenzura ibyo ushobora kugenzura: kuguma muzima, gukurikiza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi, gukomeza gahunda yawe, no gukomeza kuvugana neza n'itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi. Hamwe no kwitaho neza no gukurikirana, abantu benshi bafite WM bashobora gukomeza kwishimira ubuzima bwabo n'ibikorwa bakunda.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubahuka kuri Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Ese Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia irashobora kwandura?

Nubwo uburyo bwinshi bwa WM butabaho mu buryo butunguranye, abantu bagera kuri 20% bafite WM bafite abagize umuryango bafite iyo ndwara cyangwa indwara z'amaraso zijyanye. Ibi bigaragaza ko imyambarire ishobora kugira uruhare mu miryango imwe, ariko kugira umuryango ufite WM ntibisobanura ko uzahita uyirwara.

Niba ufite amateka y'umuryango wa WM, biganire na muganga wawe. Bashobora kugutegeka gupima amaraso kenshi kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso bya mbere, ariko nta kizami cyihariye cyo gupima WM mu bantu badafite ibimenyetso.

Umuntu ashobora kubaho igihe kingana iki afite Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

WM ni kanseri ikura gahoro, kandi abantu benshi babaho imyaka myinshi nyuma yo kuvumburwa. Ubuzima bw'imyaka myinshi bukunze gupimwa mu myaka aho kuba mu mezi, cyane cyane hamwe n'ubuvuzi bugezweho.

Ubuzima bwawe bwite bushingiye ku bintu nka myaka yawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ibimenyetso byo kuvumburwa, n'uburyo uhangana n'ubuvuzi. Muganga wawe ashobora kuguha amakuru arambuye ashingiye ku mimerere yawe.

Ese Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia irashobora gukira?

Kuri ubu, nta muti wa WM, ariko ifatwa nk'indwara ishobora kuvurwa neza. Abantu benshi bagera ku gihe kirekire aho indwara idagaragara cyangwa igenzurwa imyaka myinshi.

Intego y'ubuvuzi ni ugugenzura ibimenyetso, gukumira ingaruka, no kubungabunga ubuzima. Hamwe n'ubuvuzi bukwiye, abantu benshi bafite WM bashobora kubaho igihe kirekire kandi bakomeza ibikorwa byabo bisanzwe.

Ni iki gitandukanya WM na multiple myeloma?

WM na multiple myeloma ni kanseri z'amaraso zigira ingaruka kuri plasma cells, ariko ni indwara zitandukanye. WM ikora cyane cyane IgM antibodies kandi ntizigera zigira ingaruka ku magufwa, mu gihe multiple myeloma ikora imyunyu itandukanye kandi ikunze gutera ibibazo by'amagufwa.

Ubuvuzi bw'izi ndwara butandukanye, niyo mpamvu kumenya neza indwara ari ingenzi cyane. Muganga wawe azakoresha ibizamini byihariye kugira ngo atandukanye izi ndwara n'izindi ndwara zijyanye.

Nshobora gukomeza gukora mfite Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

Abantu benshi bafite WM bakomeza gukora, cyane cyane niba badafite ibimenyetso cyangwa niba ibimenyetso byabo bigenzurwa neza n'ubuvuzi. Ingaruka ku kazi kawe zishingiye ku bimenyetso byawe, ingaruka z'ubuvuzi, n'ubwoko bw'akazi ukora.

Bamwe mu bantu bakenera guhindura, nko gukora mu rugo mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi cyangwa gufata ikiruhuko kugira ngo bajye mu buvuzi. Muganire na muganga wawe ku mimerere yawe y'akazi kugira ngo aguhe ubufasha mu gutegura uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga umwuga wawe mu gihe ugenzura ubuzima bwawe.