Igicucu ni iki? Ibimenyetso, Intandaro, n'Uburyo bwo Kuvura

Igicucu ni indwara yandura cyane iterwa na bagiteri, itera inkabara zikomeye kandi zirambye, zikurikirwa n'ijwi ridasanzwe ryumvikana nk'iry'umuntu ugerageza guhumeka. Iyi ndwara yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero izwi kandi nka pertussis, ishobora kwibasira abantu b'imyaka yose ariko ikaba ikomeye cyane ku bana bato n'abana bakiri bato.

Iyi ndwara yiswe icyo izina kubera ijwi ridasanzwe ryumvikana nk'iry'umuntu urimo guhumeka nyuma yo gukora inkabara zikomeye. Nubwo bishobora gutera ubwoba, kumva ibicucu bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare ukabona ubufasha bukwiye.

Ibimenyetso by'igicucu ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso by'igicucu bisanzwe bigaragara mu byiciro bitatu bitandukanye, buri kimwe kimamara ibyumweru bike. Ibimenyetso bya mbere bikunze kumera nk'iby'ipfupfu risanzwe, ibyo bishobora gutuma bigorana kubimenya mu ntangiriro.

Mu cyiciro cya mbere, cyitwa icyiciro cy'amavunja, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso byoroheje bisa n'iby'ipfupfu risanzwe. Iki cyiciro gisanzwe kimamara ibyumweru 1-2, kikaba kirimo ibihumeka mu mazuru, umuriro muke, no gukorora gato rimwe na rimwe. Abantu benshi ntibabona ko bafite ibicucu muri iki gihe kuko ibimenyetso bigaragara nk'ibisanzwe.

Icyiciro cya kabiri kizana inkabara zikomeye zituma ibicucu bizwi. Dore ibyo ushobora kubona muri iki cyiciro cy'inkabara:

• Inkabara zikomeye zishobora kumara iminota myinshi
• Ijwi ridasanzwe ryumvikana nk'iry'umuntu urimo guhumeka nyuma yo gukorora
• Kuruka mu gihe cyo gukorora cyangwa nyuma yaho
• Umunaniro uterwa n'inkabara zikomeye
• Kugorana kurya, kunywa, cyangwa gusinzira kubera inkabara zikunze kubaho
• Isura ihinduka umutuku cyangwa umukara mu gihe cy'inkabara zikomeye

Iyi ntambwe ikomeye isanzwe imara ibyumweru 2-6 kandi ishobora kunaniza umubiri n’umutima. Ibitotsi bikunda kuba kenshi nijoro, ibyo bikaba bishobora kubangamira ibitotsi byawe bikagutera umunaniro.

Icyiciro cya nyuma cyo gukira kigizwe no kugabanya buhoro buhoro ibimenyetso by’ikoto mu byumweru cyangwa amezi. Ariko rero, ushobora kuguma ufite ibitotsi rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane iyo ufashwe n’izindi ndwara zifata umwuka mu gihe cyo gukira.

Ese iki gitera ibicurane bikomeye?

Ibicurane bikomeye biterwa na bakteriya yihariye yitwa Bordetella pertussis. Uyu mubu yoroheje uterera ku misatsi mito (cilia) ikingira uruhinja rwawe rwo hejuru maze ikarekura uburozi bwangiza ibyo bintu birinda.

Iyi bakteriya ikwirakwira byoroshye kuva ku muntu ku wundi binyuze mu matonyanga yo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero iyo umuntu ufite iyi ndwara akose, agasetsa, cyangwa agavuga. Ushobora kwandura ibicurane bikomeye uhindutse utonyanga dufite iyi bakteriya cyangwa ukora ku bintu iyi bakteriya yagwiriyeho hanyuma ukakora ku kanwa kawe, ku izuru, cyangwa ku maso.

Icyongeraho ikibazo ku bicurane bikomeye ni uko abantu baba bandura cyane mu ntangiriro z’indwara isa n’umwijima, igihe baba bataramenya ko bayifite. Muri icyo cyumweru cyangwa ibyumweru bibiri bya mbere, umubare w’iyi bakteriya mu myanya y’ubuhumekero aba ari mwinshi, bityo ikwirakwira ryayo rikaba rishoboka.

Iyi bakteriya ishobora kubaho ku bintu igihe gito, nubwo guhura kw’abantu ari bwo buryo nyamukuru iyi ndwara ikwirakwira. Abantu baba hafi mu rugo, bagenzi bo mu ishuri, na bagenzi bo mu kazi bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura ibicurane bikomeye kuva ku muntu wanduye.

Iyo ukwiye kujya kwa muganga kubera ibicurane bikomeye?

Wagomba kuvugana n’umuganga wawe niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe afite ibicurane bikomeye bikomeza iminsi irenga mike, cyane cyane niba bifatanije n’ijwi ry’umwihariko rya “whooping”. Kwitabaza muganga hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kwemeza uburwayi no gutangira kuvura kugira ngo hagabanywe uburemere bw’ibimenyetso.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya niba ubona ibimenyetso bikurikira mu gihe uri gukorora cyane:

• Kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa guhumeka nabi hagati y’igihe uri gukorora
• Uruhu, iminwa, cyangwa imisumari bihinduka ubururu cyangwa umuhondo (cyanose)
• Kuruka kenshi nyuma yo gukorora, bigatuma ukama
• Ibimenyetso byo gukama nk’inyota nyinshi, akanwa kari kumeze nabi, cyangwa kunyara gake
• Umuriro mwinshi (urenze 101°F cyangwa 38.3°C)
• Gutakaza ubwenge cyangwa gufata igicuri

Ku bana bari munsi y’amezi 6, indwara yo gukorora cyane ishobora kuba ikomeye cyane kandi isaba ubufasha bwa muganga bwihuse. Abana bashobora kutagaragaza ikimenyetso cyo ‘gukorora cyane’ ariko bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, ikibazo cyo kurya, cyangwa igihe bahumeka nabi (apnea).

Niba wahuye n’umuntu urwaye indwara yo gukorora cyane, hamagara muganga wawe nubwo utaragaragaza ibimenyetso. Ubuvuzi bwo kwirinda hakiri kare burashobora rimwe na rimwe gukumira ko indwara itera cyangwa kugabanya uburemere bwayo.

Ni ibihe bintu byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo gukorora cyane?

Ibintu byinshi bishobora kongera amahirwe yo kwandura indwara yo gukorora cyane cyangwa kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye. Kubyumva bishobora kugufasha gufata ingamba zikwiye no kumenya igihe ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi.

Imyaka igira uruhare runini mu byago byo kurwara indwara yo gukorora cyane n’uburemere bwayo. Abana bari munsi y’amezi 6 bafite ibyago byinshi kuko ubudahangarwa bwabo butaratera, kandi batarangije gukingirwa. Abakuze barengeje imyaka 65 nabo bafite ibyago byinshi kubera ko ubudahangarwa bugabanuka uko imyaka igenda yiyongera.

Uko wakingirwa bigira ingaruka nyinshi ku kigero cy’ibyago byawe. Abantu batakingiwe cyangwa batakingiwe neza bafite amahirwe menshi yo kwandura indwara yo gukorora cyane. Nubwo wakinjiwe mu bwana, ubudahangarwa bushobora kugabanuka uko imyaka igenda yiyongera, niyo mpamvu inkingo zongerwamo zigaragazwa.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kukugiraho ingaruka cyane mu kurwara indwara yo gukorora cyane:

• Indwara z’ibihaha zidakira nk’igicurane cyangwa indwara ya COPD
• Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buke buturuka ku ndwara cyangwa imiti
• Uburwayi bw’umutima bugira ingaruka ku guhumeka
• Gutwita, cyane cyane mu mezi atatu ya nyuma
• Amazi y’ubuhumekero yabaye vuba aha akagusize udashoboye kurwana n’indwara

Ibintu by’ibidukikije n’imibanire na byo ni ingenzi. Kugira aho uhura cyane n’abanduye mu ngo, amashuri, cyangwa ahantu hakora byongera ibyago byo kwandura. Abakozi bo mu buvuzi n’abita ku barwayi bahura n’ibyago byinshi bitewe n’akazi kabo.

Kuba mu turere dufite urugero rwo gukingira ruke bituma habaho ibyago ku baturage bose, kuko ibicurane bishobora gukwirakwira byoroshye iyo abantu bake ari bo bafite ubudahangarwa. Ingendo mpuzamahanga zijya mu turere dufite icyorezo gikomeye zishobora kandi kongera amahirwe yo kwandura.

Ni iki gishobora kuba ingaruka mbi z’ibicurane?

Nubwo abantu benshi bakira ibicurane batagize ingaruka zirambye, iyi ndwara rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane mu matsinda amwe y’imyaka. Gusobanukirwa ibyo bibazo bishoboka bigufasha kumenya igihe ukwiye gushaka ubufasha bwo kwa muganga.

Ingaruka zikomeye ku myanya y’ubuhumekero ni zimwe mu ngorane zisanzwe zishobora kuvuka. Ibihe byo gukorora bikomeye bishobora kuba bikomeye ku buryo bituma imiyoboro y’amaraso mito mu maso yawe iduka, bigatuma amaso aba atukura, afite amaraso.

Izindi ngaruka zikomeye zijyanye no guhumeka zishobora kuba:

• Pneumonia (indwara y’ibihaha), iba mu bana bagera hafi kuri ½ bari munsi y’umwaka umwe
• Ibihaha byuzuye (pneumothorax) bitewe n’umuvuduko wo gukorora cyane
• Gukorora bigoye bisaba kujya mu bitaro
• Kubura ibitotsi bigatuma umuntu ananiwe kandi ubudahangarwa bwe bugabanuka

Abana bato bahura n’ingaruka zikomeye kurusha abandi, kandi nibo bagize umubare munini w’abajyanwa mu bitaro n’abapfa bazize ibicurane by’inkorora. Abana bato bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo guhagarika guhumeka (apnea) by’akanya gato, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutera ibibazo byo kubura umwuka mu bwonko. Nanone bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura izindi ndwara ziterwa na bagiteri ndetse no kugira ibibazo byo kurya, ibyo bikaba bigatuma bahora babuze amazi mu mubiri ndetse bagapfapfa.

Ingaruka ku bwonko, nubwo zidahagaragara cyane, zishobora kuba zikomeye iyo zabayeho. Izo ngaruka zishobora kuba harimo kugwa mu rujijo kubera kubura umwuka, kubyimbagira kw’ubwonko (encephalitis), cyangwa mu bihe bidahagaragara, kubabara burundu kw’ubwonko. Abakuze n’abangavu bakunze kugira ingaruka nke, nubwo inkorora idashira ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yabo mu gihe cy’ibyumweru cyangwa amezi.

Ingaruka zijyanye n’inda zikwiye kwitabwaho cyane. Abagore batwite barwaye ibicurane by’inkorora bashobora kubyara imburagihe, kandi abana bashya bashobora kwandura mu gihe cyo kubyara, ibyo bikaba bibashyira mu kaga ko kurwara indwara ikomeye.

Ibicurane by’inkorora bishobora gukumirwa gute?

Gukumira ibicurane by’inkorora byibanda ahanini ku gukingira, ibyo bikaba aribyo byiza cyane mu kwirinda iyi ndwara yandura cyane. Inkuru nziza ni uko inkingo zikora neza kandi ziboneka ku bantu b’ingeri zose.

Gahunda isanzwe yo gukingira itangira mu buto hakoreshejwe urukingo rwa DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, na pertussis). Abana bakunze guhabwa doze eshanu: ku mezi 2, 4, na 6, hanyuma hagati y’amezi 15-18, hanyuma hagati y’imyaka 4-6. Iyi gahunda itanga uburinzi bukomeye mu myaka ya mbere iyo umwana aba afite intege nke.

Abakuze n’abangavu bakeneye inkingo zongerera ubudahangarwa kuko ubudahangarwa bugabanuka uko igihe gihita. Urukingo rwa Tdap (uburyo bufite umwanya muke wa diphtheria na pertussis) rugerwaho inshuro imwe ku bantu bakuze bose, byiza hagati y’imyaka 11-12 niba bitarabayeho mbere. Abakuze bagomba kandi guhabwa urukingo rwa Td cyangwa Tdap buri myaka 10.

Abagore batwite bagomba guhabwa urukingo rwa Tdap muri buri gihe batwite, byaba byiza hagati y’ibyumweru 27-36. Iki gihe gitera imbaraga antikorora kujya mu mwana, bikamuha uburinzi mu mezi ya mbere akomeye mbere y’uko umwana atangira urukingo rwe.

Uretse gukingira, ushobora gufata izindi ngamba zo kwirinda:

• Kora isuku nziza y’intoki no gukaraba kenshi n’amazi n’isabune
• Kwirinda kwegera abantu bafite inkorora zikomeye cyangwa ibimenyetso by’umwijima
• Fata umunwa na mazuru igihe uri gukorora cyangwa uhisha
• Guma mu rugo igihe urwaye kugira ngo wirinda gukwirakwiza indwara ku bandi
• Kwirinda guha abana bato imbaga y’abantu n’abarwayi aho bishoboka

Niba wahuye n’umuntu ufite indwara yemewe y’inkorora y’imbwa, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegurira imiti yo kwirinda nubwo utaragaragaza ibimenyetso. Ubu buryo rimwe na rimwe bushobora gukumira indwara cyangwa kugabanya uburemere bw’ibimenyetso niba bwatangiye hakiri kare.

Inkuru y’inkorora y’imbwa imenyekanwa gute?

Kumenya indwara y’inkorora y’imbwa bishobora kugorana, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro igihe ibimenyetso bisa cyane n’iby’umwijima usanzwe cyangwa izindi ndwara z’ubuhumekero. Muganga wawe azakoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura, amateka y’ubuzima, n’ibizamini bya laboratwari kugira ngo akore ubugenzuzi nyakuri.

Mu gihe cy’isuzumwa ryawe, umuvuzi wawe azumva neza inkorora yawe n’uburyo uhumeka. Ijwi rya “whooping” risanzwe nyuma y’inkorora ni ikimenyetso gikomeye, nubwo atari buri wese ufite inkorora y’imbwa abona iryo jwi, cyane cyane abana bato cyane n’abakuze.

Muganga wawe azakubaza ibibazo birambuye ku bimenyetso byawe, harimo igihe byatangiye, uko byakomeje, niba wahuye n’umuntu ufite indwara isa. Azareba kandi amateka yawe yo gukingira n’ingendo za vuba aha, kuko ibyo bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku byago byawe no ku bishoboka by’inkorora y’imbwa.

Ibizamini byinshi bya laboratoire bishobora gufasha kwemeza uburwayi:

• Igipimo cya nasopharyngeal swab: Igipimo gifatwa mu mazuru yawe n’umunwa kugira ngo harebwe bagiteri
• Ibizamini bya PCR (polymerase chain reaction): Iki kizamini gifite ubushobozi bwo kubona ADN y’abagiteri n’ubwo baba bake
• Ibizamini by’amaraso: Ibi bishobora kwerekana antikorps umubiri wawe wakoze mu gusubiza ubwandu
• X-ray y’amabere: Ibi bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe pneumonia cyangwa izindi ngaruka ku mpyiko

Igihe cyo gupima gifite akamaro gakomeye. Uburyo bwo guhinga bagiteri na PCR bikora neza mu byumweru bike bya mbere by’uburwayi igihe umubare w’abagiteri ari mwinshi. Ibizamini by’antikorps by’amaraso biba byiza mu gihe cy’uburwayi igihe sisitemu y’umubiri imaze kugira igihe cyo gukora antikorps zishobora kuboneka.

Mu mubare w’ibintu, muganga wawe ashobora gutangira kuvura hashingiwe ku bimenyetso by’uburwayi n’amateka y’ubwandu, mbere y’uko ibisubizo by’ibizamini biboneka. Ubu buryo bufasha kugabanya uburemere bw’ibimenyetso kandi bikabuza ikwirakwira ry’ubwandu ku bandi.

Ni iki kivura indwara y’inkorora?

Kuvura indwara y’inkorora bigamije kugabanya ibimenyetso, gukumira ingaruka, no guhagarika ikwirakwira ry’ubwandu ku bandi. Uburyo buhinduka bitewe n’igihe uburwayi bumenyekanye n’uburemere bw’ibimenyetso.

Antibiyotike ni yo yonyine ivura, ariko ingaruka zayo ziterwa cyane n’igihe. Iyo itangiwe mu cyiciro cya mbere (icyiciro kimeze nk’igipfapfa), antibiyotike ishobora kugabanya cyane uburemere bw’ibimenyetso no kugabanya igihe cy’uburwayi. Antibiyotike zisanzwe zikoreshwa harimo azithromycin, clarithromycin, cyangwa erythromycin, isanzwe ifatwa mu minsi 5-14.

Niba antibiyotike itangiwe nyuma mu burwayi, ishobora kutazamura ibimenyetso byawe cyane, ariko ikomeza kuba ingenzi kuko iguha amahirwe yo kutazamanduza abandi. Ubusanzwe ntukimanduza abandi nyuma yo gufata antibiyotike iminsi 5, ugereranije n’ibyumweru 3 udafite imiti.

Ku ndwara zikomeye, cyane cyane mu bana bato n'abana bakiri bato, bishobora kuba ngombwa kujya kwa muganga. Ubuvuzi mu bitaro bushobora kuba burimo:

• Ubuvuzi bw'umwuka (oxygène) kugira ngo bufashe mu bibazo byo guhumeka
• Amazi atangwa mu mitsi (IV fluids) kugira ngo birinde kukama bitewe no kuruka
• Kureba ko nta ndwara zindi zikurikiraho nka pneumonia cyangwa ibibazo byo guhumeka
• Ubufasha mu biribwa niba kurya bigoye
• Gukurura umusemburo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyoroshye

Ikibabaje ni uko imiti igabanya inkorora n'indi miti igurwa mu maduka isanzwe idafasha cyane ku bimenyetso by'indwara yo gukorora cyane. Mu by'ukuri, imiti yo kurwanya inkorora ishobora kutabagwa kuko inkorora ifasha mu gukura amavuta akomeye mu myanya y'ubuhumekero.

Gutakaza iyi ndwara bisaba kwihangana, kuko inkorora ishobora gukomeza ibyumweru cyangwa amezi nyuma yo kuvurwa neza n'antibiyotike. Sisteme y'umubiri wawe ikeneye igihe kugira ngo ikore neza nyuma y'ibikomere byatejwe n'uburozi bw'ibinyabuzima, kandi gukira burundu ni inzira yoroheje.

Nigute wakwitwara mu rugo ufite indwara yo gukorora cyane?

Kwitwara mu rugo ufite indwara yo gukorora cyane bisobanura guhanga ikirere cyiza gifasha kugabanya ibintu bitera inkorora, mugihe wifasha gukira. Izi ngamba zishobora gufasha mu kuvurwa kwawe kandi zikaguha amahoro mugihe ukomeje gukira.

Guhanga ikirere cyiza mu rugo rwawe bishobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo gukorora. Komeza umwuka mu nzu yawe usa neza kandi ube ubushuhe ukoresheje igikoresho gitunganya umwuka, cyane cyane mu cyumba cyo kuryama. Irinde umwotsi, impumuro nziza, ibintu byo gusukura, cyangwa ibindi bintu byangiza umwuka bishobora gutera inkorora.

Ibiryo n'amazi biba by'ingenzi cyane iyo inkorora ikomeye n'ukurukwa bigoye kurya no kunywa. Fata ibiryo bike, ariko bikunzwe kuruta ibiryo byinshi, kandi hitamo ibiryo byoroshye kurya. Amazi ashyushye, ibinyobwa byoroshye, n'amabara y'amazi ashobora guha umubiri ingufu mugihe akomeza guhumuriza umunwa.

Dore ingamba zifatika zo gufasha guhangana n'ibimenyetso mu rugo:

• Ruhukira uhagije kandi uryame igihe bishoboka, kuko umunaniro ushobora kurushaho kuba mbi.
• Nibaza amazi ashyushye nka tiyi y’ibimera cyangwa amazi ashyushye avangwa n’ubuki (bitari ku bana bari munsi y’umwaka umwe).
• Gama igihe cyose uri kurya no nyuma yo kurya kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kuruka.
• Koresha ibyuya byinshi kugira ngo uzamure umutwe wawe igihe uryamye.
• Kora imyitozo yo guhumeka buhoro igihe utari gukorora.
• Fata imiti yagutegetswe nk’uko muganga wawe yabikugennye.

Kwita ku rugo igihe uri kurwara ni ingenzi cyane. Gabanya abagize umuryango barwaye n’abandi, cyane cyane abana bato n’abakuze, kugeza igihe bamaze iminsi nibura itanu bafata imiti ya antibiyotike. Buri wese mu rugo agomba kwita cyane ku isuku y’intoki kandi agatekereza kwambara agapfukamunwa igihe yita ku murwayi.

Kora isuzuma ry’ibimenyetso by’uburwayi bikenewe kuvurwa vuba, nko kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, ibara ry’ubururu ku minwa cyangwa mu maso, kuruka kudasiba bikubuza kunywa amazi, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo gucika amazi. Irinde kwizera amarangamutima yawe kandi ntutinye kuvugana n’abaganga bawe niba uhangayikishijwe n’ibimenyetso birushaho kuba bibi.

Wategura gute uruzinduko kwa muganga?

Gutegura uruzinduko kwa muganga igihe ukekako ufite inkorora y’imbwa bishobora kugufasha kubona ubuvuzi bwiza kandi bukwiye. Gutegura neza kandi bifasha umuganga wawe gusobanukirwa vuba uko uhagaze no gufata ibyemezo byiza bijyanye no kwita ku buzima bwawe.

Mbere y’uruzinduko rwawe, komeza inyandiko y’ibimenyetso byawe, harimo igihe byatangiye, uko byahindutse uko igihe gihita, n’icyo bikora kugira ngo bigabanuke cyangwa bikomeze. Bandika kenshi ukorora, niba wumvise ijwi rya “whooping”, n’ibindi bimenyetso nka fiviri, kuruka, cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo kuryama.

Kora uko ushoboye ukusanya amakuru y’ubuzima akenewe muganga wawe. Ibi birimo amateka yawe yo gukingirwa (cyane cyane igihe uheruka gukingirwa indwara ya pertussis), uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose wahuriye n’umuntu ufite inkorora idakira, amateka yawe y’ingendo, n’imiti cyangwa ibindi byongerwamo ukoresha.

Tegura amakuru yihariye uzabwira umuganga wawe:

• Itariki nyakuri ibyo bimenyetso byatangiye n’uburyo byagiye bikura
• Uko inkorora yawe imeze, harimo n’amajwi yihariye
• Igihe cy’umunsi ibimenyetso biba bikomeye
• Ubuvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose wagerageje niba bwafashije
• Guhura n’abandi bantu bagize ibimenyetso nk’ibyo
• Ingaruka ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi, ibitotsi, no kurya

Niba bishoboka, gerageza gufata amashusho y’inkorora yawe kuri telefoni yawe, kuko ibi bishobora gufasha muganga wawe kumva amajwi yihariye nubwo utakonkora mu gihe cy’isuzumwa. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kuko ijwi ryihariye rya “whoop” ntiryumvikana buri gihe mu gihe gito cyo gusuzumwa.

Tekereza kuzana umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa incuti mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa, cyane cyane niba wumva urwaye cyane. Bashobora kugufasha kwibuka amakuru akenewe, kubaza ibibazo ushobora kwibagirwa, no kugutera inkunga mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa gishobora kuba kigoye.

Andika ibibazo ushaka kubaza muganga wawe, nko kumenya igihe uzaba ukiri kwanduza, igihe ushobora gusubira ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri, ibibazo wakwirinda, n’uburyo bwo kwirinda kwanduza abandi mu rugo rwawe.

Ni iki gikuru cyo kuzirikana ku bijyanye n’inkorora y’inkorora?

Inkorora y’inkorora ni indwara ikomeye ariko ibasha gukumirwa iterwa na bagiteri ishobora kwibasira umuntu uwo ari we wese, nubwo iteye ibyago cyane ku bana bato n’abana bato cyane. Ikintu gikomeye cyo kuzirikana ni uko gukingirwa bikomeza kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda iyi ndwara yandura cyane.

Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura bituma haba itandukaniro rikomeye mu bijyanye n’uburemere bw’ibimenyetso no gukumira ko byandura abandi. Niba ubonye inkorora idashira, cyane cyane iyo ifite ijwi ryihariye rya “whooping”, ntuzategereze gushaka ubufasha bw’abaganga. Antibiyotike ikora neza iyo itangiye hakiri kare, kandi kuvurwa vuba bifasha kurinda umuryango wawe n’abaturanyi.

Nubwo inkorora ya whooping ishobora gutera ubwoba, cyane cyane iyo ibaye ku bana bato, abantu benshi barakira neza bafashijwe n’ubuvuzi bukwiye no kuvurwa mu rugo. Ikintu nyamukuru ni ukumenya uburyo bwo kwirinda binyuze mu gukingira, kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare, no gukorana bya hafi n’abaganga bawe mu gihe cy’uburwayi.

Zirikana ko ubudahangarwa bushobora kugabanuka uko igihe gihita, bityo rero kuguma ufite inkingo zikomeye birinda wowe gusa ahubwo birinda n’abantu bafite intege nke muri sosiyete, harimo n’abana bakiri bato cyane batarakingirwa neza.

Ibibazo bikunze kubaho ku inkorora ya whooping

Inkorora ya whooping imara igihe kingana iki?

Inkorora ya whooping isanzwe imara ibyumweru 6-10 muri rusange, ikagenda inyura mu byiciro bitatu. Icyiciro cya mbere kimeze nk’ipfapfa imara icyumweru 1-2, ikakurikirwa n’icyiciro cy’inkorora ikomeye imara ibyumweru 2-6, hanyuma hakaza icyiciro cyo gukira buhoro buhoro gishobora kumara ibyumweru byinshi. Nubwo nyuma yo kuvurwa, bamwe bagira inkorora rimwe na rimwe mu mezi menshi, cyane cyane iyo bafashwe n’izindi ndwara z’ubuhumekero.

Ese abantu bakuru barashobora kwandura inkorora ya whooping nubwo bakingiwe bakiri bato?

Yego, abantu bakuru barashobora kwandura inkorora ya whooping kuko ubudahangarwa buturuka ku nkingo zo mu bwana bugabanuka uko igihe gihita. Ni yo mpamvu CDC isaba ko abantu bakuru bose bakingirwa inkingo ya Tdap, kandi abagore batwite bakwiye gukingirwa muri buri gihe batwite. Indwara ku bantu bakuru ikunze kuba yoroheje kurusha ku bana, ariko ishobora kuba ikomeye kandi ikwirakwira cyane.

Ese inkorora ya whooping irandura, kandi imara igihe kingana iki?

Ibicurane ni indwara yandura cyane, cyane cyane mu cyumweru cya mbere cyangwa ibiri aho ibimenyetso bisa n’iby’umwijima usanzwe. Umuntu adakurikiwe n’umuti w’amavunja, akomeza kwandura igihe kigera ku ndwi eshatu nyuma y’aho ibimenyetso bigaragaye. Ufashwe n’umuti w’amavunja uko bikwiye, ntabwo ukomeza kwandura nyuma y’iminsi itanu ufata umuti, nubwo ugomba kurangiza umuti wose.

Ese ibicurane bishobora kwica?

Nubwo ibicurane bishobora kuba bibi, abapfa ni bake kandi bibaho cyane cyane ku bana bari munsi y’amezi atandatu. Abantu benshi barakira neza bafashwe uko bikwiye. Ariko kandi, ibibazo nk’igipumu, kugorana guhumeka, cyangwa ikibazo cy’ubwonko kubera kubura umwuka birashobora kubaho, cyane cyane ku bana bato cyane, ariyo mpamvu kwitabaza muganga hakiri kare ari ingenzi.

Ni iki gitandukanya ibicurane n’inkorora isanzwe?

Inkorora zisanzwe ziterwa n’umwijima cyangwa allergie zikunda kuba ngufi kandi zidakomeye. Ibicurane bigizwe n’inkorora zikomeye cyane zishobora kumara iminota myinshi, akenshi bikurikirwa n’ijwi rya “whooping” igihe umuntu akeneye umwuka. Inkorora ikunda kuba yumye, idashira, kandi ishobora gutera isesemi. Bitandukanye n’inkorora nyinshi, ibicurane bikunda kuba bibi uko biza kuba byinshi aho kugenda bigabanuka.