Abacavir ni iki: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Abacavir ni umuti urwanya virusi ufasha abantu babana na virusi itera SIDA (VIH) kwita ku buzima bwabo neza. Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, ikora ibyo yitambika VIH mu kwigana mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa mu kuvura VIH, ufasha abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni gukomeza ubuzima bwabo no kubaho neza. Kumva uko abacavir ikora n'icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cyinshi ku rugendo rwawe rwo kwivuza.

Abacavir ni iki?

Abacavir ni umuti urwanya virusi wandikirwa n'abaganga, ukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara ya VIH. Ni icyo abaganga bita nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, cyangwa NRTI mu magambo make.

Tekereza abacavir nk'ikintu kigana molekile kigambanira VIH. Virusi igerageza gukoresha abacavir aho gukoresha ibintu bisanzwe ikeneye kugira ngo yororoke, ariko abacavir ikora nk'igice cyangiritse gihagarika uburyo bwo kwigana. Ibi bifasha mu guhagarika virusi kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe.

Abacavir hafi ya hose itangwa nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi buhuriweho, bivuze ko uzayifata hamwe n'indi miti ya VIH. Ubu buryo, bwitwa ubuvuzi bukora cyane bwo kurwanya virusi itera SIDA cyangwa HAART, bufite akamaro kanini kurusha gukoresha umuti umwe gusa.

Abacavir ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Abacavir ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara ya VIH-1 mu bantu bakuru n'abana bapima nibura ibiro 3 (hafi ya 6.6 pounds). Ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'icyo abaganga bita ubuvuzi burwanya virusi.

Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura abacavir ni ukugabanya umubare wa VIH mu maraso yawe ukagera ku rwego rutagaragara. Iyo ibi bibaye, ntushobora kwanduza virusi abandi binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, kandi urwego rwawe rw'ubudahangarwa rushobora gukira rukaguma rukomeye.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gufata abacavir niba umaze kuvumburwa na virusi itera SIDA (VIH) cyangwa niba ukeneye guhindura imiti yawe ya VIH kubera ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti cyangwa ubudahangarwa. Bifitiye akamaro abantu bakeneye umuti umwe ku munsi, kuko akenshi bivangwa n'indi miti mu buryo bwo gufata urupapuro rumwe rw'imiti.

Abacavir ikora ite?

Abacavir ikora ibuza VIH gukora kopi zayo mu nkorora zawe. Ifatwa nk'umuti wa VIH ukomeye, ugize igice cy'ingenzi cy'imiti myinshi ivura VIH.

Iyo VIH yanduye inkorora zawe, ikoresha enzyme yitwa reverse transcriptase kugirango ihindure ibikoresho byayo bya genetike muri DNA ishobora gushyirwa muri kode ya genetike y'inkorora yawe. Abacavir yigana imwe mu nkingi z'ubwubatsi karemano iyi enzyme ikeneye, ariko iyo enzyme igerageza gukoresha abacavir, irahagarara ntishobore kurangiza inzira yo gukora kopi.

Ubu buryo bumeze nk'igerageza kubaka umunyururu ufite urugero rwavunitse. Virus ntishobora kurangiza gukora kopi nshya zayo, bivuze ko ibice bishya bya virusi bikekwa. Nyuma y'igihe, ibi bifasha kugabanya umubare wa VIH mu mubiri wawe kandi bigatuma urwego rwawe rw'ubudahangarwa rukira.

Nkwiriye gufata Abacavir nte?

Ushobora gufata abacavir hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa utabifite, kuko ibiryo ntibigira ingaruka zigaragara ku buryo umubiri wawe wumva umuti. Abantu benshi babona ko byoroshye gufata hamwe n'ibiryo kugirango bifashe kwirinda ibibazo byo mu nda.

Igihe cyo gufata imiti yawe ni ingenzi kugirango ugumane urwego rwawo rwo hejuru mu maraso yawe. Gerageza gufata abacavir ku gihe kimwe buri munsi, haba ku ifunguro rya mugitondo, ku ifunguro rya nimugoroba, cyangwa indi gahunda ihamye ikugendekera neza.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Niba ufata mu buryo bw'amazi, koresha igikoresho cyo gupima kizana n'umuti kugirango wemeze ko ubona urugero rwategetswe. Ntuzakoreshe ibiyiko byo mu rugo, kuko bishobora gutandukana mu bunini kandi bigatuma urugero rutari rwo.

Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini, ganira na muganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti kubyerekeye izindi nzira. Umuti unyobwa mu kanwa ushobora kuba uburyo bwiza, cyangwa bashobora kugira inama zo koroshya gufata ibinini.

Mvuye gufata Abacavir igihe kingana iki?

Abacavir akenshi ni umuti ufata igihe kirekire uzakenera gufata igihe cyose ukora neza mu kugenzura virusi yawe ya SIDA. Abantu benshi barawufata iteka nk'igice cyo gucunga SIDA yabo ikomeje.

Igihe cyo kuvurwa giterwa n'uko umuti ukora neza kuri wowe niba ubona ingaruka zose zikomeye. Muganga wawe azagenzura umubare wawe wa virusi na CD4 buri gihe kugirango arebe neza ko abacavir akora akazi kawo neza.

Ni ngombwa kutareka gufata abacavir ako kanya cyangwa gusiba imiti buri gihe, kuko ibi bishobora gutera kurwanya imiti. Niba SIDA irwanya abacavir, umuti ushobora kutagukorera, kandi ushobora kugira uburyo bwo kuvura buke.

Niba utekereza guhagarika cyangwa guhindura imiti yawe, buri gihe banza ubivugane n'umuganga wawe. Bashobora kugufasha kwimukira neza ku buryo bwo kuvura butandukanye niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Abacavir?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, abacavir irashobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ikibazo gikomeye ni igikorwa cyo kwanga umubiri gishobora gutera urupfu cyitwa hypersensitivity syndrome, gikora kuri 5-8% by'abantu bafata abacavir.

Mbere yo gutangira abacavir, muganga wawe azategeka ikizamini cya genetike cyitwa HLA-B * 5701 screening. Niba upimwe neza kuri iki kimenyetso cya genetike, ufite ibyago byinshi byo guteza igikorwa gikomeye cyo kwanga umubiri, kandi muganga wawe azagutegurira undi muti.

Ingaruka zisanzwe

Ingaruka nyinshi ziterwa na abacavir zoroheje kandi akenshi ziragenda zikora neza uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere byo kuvurwa.

• Uburwayi bwo mu nda no kuruka
• Umutwe
• Kumva unaniwe cyangwa gufatwa n'umunaniro
• Isesemi
• Kugorwa no gusinzira
• Kubura apeti
• Impiswi

Ibi bimenyetso mubisanzwe birashoboka kubyitwaramo neza kandi bikunda kugabanuka uko igihe kigenda. Gufata abacavir hamwe n'ibiryo birashobora gufasha kugabanya isesemi, kandi kuguma ufite amazi ahagije birashobora gufasha ku mutwe no kunanirwa.

Ingaruka zikomeye

Nubwo bidasanzwe, izindi ngaruka zikeneye ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga kandi ntigomba kwirengagizwa.

Ikibazo gikomeye ni syndrome ya hypersensitivity, ishobora gutera mu byumweru bitandatu byambere by'imiti. Iyi ngaruka irashobora kwica niba ukomeje gufata abacavir nyuma yuko ibimenyetso bitangiye.

• Urubore
• Uruhu rurashya
• Kunanirwa gukabije
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Impiswi
• Uburibwe bwo mu nda
• Kubabara mu muhogo
• Kugufuka umwuka
• Inkorora

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibiri cyangwa byinshi muri ibi, vuba na bwangu reka gufata abacavir kandi uvugishe muganga wawe ako kanya. Ntukongere gufata abacavir niba waragize hypersensitivity, kuko ingaruka zikurikira zirashobora kuba zikomeye cyane.

Ibitekerezo by'igihe kirekire

Abantu bamwe bafata abacavir igihe kirekire barashobora guhura n'imihindukire y'uburyo umubiri wabo ukoresha amavuta n'isukari. Muganga wawe azakugenzura kuri izi mpinduka binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bisanzwe.

Hariho kandi akaga gato ko kugira ibibazo by'umutima hamwe na abacavir, cyane cyane kubantu basanzwe bafite ibyago byo kurwara umutima. Umuganga wawe azatekereza ku buzima bwawe bwose bwo mu mutima mugihe afata icyemezo niba abacavir ariyo ikwiriye kuri wewe.

Ninde utagomba gufata Abacavir?

Abacavir ntibikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi ibintu bimwe na bimwe cyangwa ibihe bituma bitagira inama cyangwa bisaba ingamba zidasanzwe.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane cyo kwirinda ni ukugira ikimenyetso cya genetike cya HLA-B*5701, kiyongera cyane ibyago byo kugira allergie ikomeye cyane ishobora gutera urupfu. Iyi ni yo mpamvu gupima genetike ari ngombwa mbere yo gutangira gufata abacavir.

Ntugomba gufata abacavir niba warigeze kugira allergie yabyo, kabone niyo byagaragaraga nkoroheje. Kongera kubikoresha bishobora kuba bikomeye cyane kandi bishobora gutera urupfu.

Abantu bafite indwara y'umwijima yo hagati cyangwa ikomeye bashobora gukenera guhindura urugero rw'imiti bafata cyangwa bakoresha indi miti, kuko abacavir ikorwa n'umwijima. Muganga wawe azasuzuma imikorere y'umwijima wawe mbere yo kugutera abacavir.

Niba ufite amateka y'indwara y'umutima, muganga wawe azagereranya neza inyungu n'ibibazo, kuko abacavir ishobora kongera gato ibyago by'indwara z'umutima mu bantu bamwe.

Gusama bisaba kwitonderwa by'umwihariko. Nubwo abacavir ishobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gutwita, muganga wawe azaganira nawe kubyerekeye ibyago bishoboka n'inyungu kugirango amenye uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura wowe n'umwana wawe.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Abacavir

Abacavir iboneka munsi y'amazina menshi y'ubwoko, bitewe niba yanditswe wenyine cyangwa hamwe n'indi miti ya HIV.

Izina ry'ubwoko bwa abacavir wenyine ni Ziagen. Ubu buryo burimo abacavir gusa kandi busanzwe butangwa iyo ukeneye kuyifata hamwe n'indi miti ya HIV.

Muri rusange, abacavir itangwa mu buryo buhuriweho. Epzicom ihuriza hamwe abacavir na lamivudine, mugihe Trizivir ikubiyemo abacavir, lamivudine, na zidovudine mu gipimo kimwe.

Imwe mu mvange zikunzwe cyane ni Triumeq, irimo abacavir, lamivudine, na dolutegravir. Iyi pille ifatwa rimwe ku munsi akenshi itangwa nk'uburyo bwuzuye bwo kuvura HIV.

Izindi miti isimbura Abacavir

Niba abacavir atagukwiriye, imiti myinshi ivura SIDA ishobora gutanga inyungu zisa. Guhitamo biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze, imiti indi urimo gufata, n'amateka yawe y'imiti.

Izindi nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors zirimo tenofovir, emtricitabine, na lamivudine. Izi zikora kimwe na abacavir ariko zifite ingaruka zitandukanye kandi zikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Imiti ivanze ya tenofovir nka Descovy (tenofovir alafenamide hamwe na emtricitabine) cyangwa Truvada (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate hamwe na emtricitabine) ni izindi miti ikoreshwa cyane kandi itasaba ibizamini bya genetike.

Muganga wawe ashobora no gutekereza integrase strand transfer inhibitors nka dolutegravir, bictegravir, cyangwa raltegravir, zikora zibungabunga intambwe itandukanye mu buzima bwa SIDA.

Umuti mwiza kuri wowe biterwa n'ibintu nk'imikorere y'impyiko zawe, ubuzima bw'amagufa, izindi ndwara, n'ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'imiti yindi urimo gufata.

Ese Abacavir iruta Tenofovir?

Abacavir na tenofovir ni imiti ivura SIDA ikora neza, ariko ifite imbaraga zitandukanye n'ibitekerezo bituma imwe ikwiriye kuruta iyindi ku bantu batandukanye.

Abacavir isaba ibizamini bya genetike mbere yo gukoreshwa kandi ifite ibyago byo guhura n'indwara zikabije, mugihe tenofovir itagira ibyo bibazo. Ariko, tenofovir ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'impyiko n'ubucucike bw'amagufa uko igihe kigenda, ibyo abacavir akenshi idakora.

Mu bijyanye n'imikorere, imiti yombi ikora neza cyane mu guhagarika SIDA iyo ikoreshwa nk'igice cy'imiti ivanze. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana urwego rumwe rwo guhagarika virusi hagati y'imiti ishingiye kuri abacavir na tenofovir.

Gu hitamo hagati yazo akenshi biterwa n'ibintu by'umuntu ku giti cye. Niba uryamiye HLA-B*5701, tenofovir irahabwa agaciro. Niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko cyangwa osteoporosis, abacavir ishobora kuba ariyo nziza.

Umuganga wawe azatekereza ku ishusho yose y'ubuzima bwawe, harimo n'indi miti urimo gufata, imikorere y'impyiko, ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, n'ibyo ukunda kugira ngo afate icyemezo cy'umuti ukugirira neza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Abacavir

Ese Abacavir irakwiriye abantu barwaye Hepatite B?

Abacavir irashobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye hepatite B, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza. Bitandukanye n'indi miti imwe na imwe ya SIDA, abacavir ntivura hepatite B, bityo ushobora gukenera indi miti yo kuvura izo ndwara zombi.

Niba urwaye hepatite B, umuganga wawe azakurikirana imikorere y'umwijima wawe neza kandi ashobora kukwandikira imiti ivura SIDA na hepatite B icyarimwe, nk'imiti ishingiye kuri tenofovir.

Gutangira cyangwa guhagarika abacavir ku bantu barwaye hepatite B rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma hepatite B ikora cyane, bityo impinduka zose ku miti yawe zikeneye gucungwa neza n'umuganga wawe.

Nigira iki niba mfata abacavir nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba ufata abacavir nyinshi kuruta uko byanditsweho, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya. Nubwo nta muti wihariye wo kuvura abacavir, abaganga bashobora gutanga ubufasha no kugukurikiranira ibibazo bishobora kuvuka.

Ntugerageze "gukosora" kubera dosi nyinshi ukoresheje gusiba dosi yawe ikurikira. Ahubwo, shaka inama z'ubuvuzi kubijyanye n'uko wakomeza gahunda yawe isanzwe yo gufata imiti.

Ibimenyetso byo gufata dosi nyinshi ntibisobanurwa neza kuri abacavir, ariko ushobora guhura n'ibimenyetso bikomeye by'ingaruka zisanzwe nk'isuka, kuruka, cyangwa kunanirwa. Shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi hatitawe niba wumva ibimenyetso.

Nigira iki niba nsubiza dosi ya abacavir?

Niba usubije dosi ya abacavir, yifate vuba na bwangu wibuka, keretse igihe kigeze cyo gufata dosi yawe ikurikira. Muricyo gihe, siba dosi yasubijwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntugasubizeho imiti kabiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero rwatanzwe, kuko ibyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti. Niba utazi neza igihe cyo gufata imiti, vugana na farumasiye cyangwa umuganga wawe kugira ngo bagufashe.

Gerageza kugabanya urugero rwatanzwe utabashije gufata, ukoresheje ibyibutso kuri terefone, ukoresheje umuteguro w'imiti, cyangwa uhuza igihe cyo gufata imiti yawe n'ibikorwa bya buri munsi nk'amafunguro. Gufata imiti buri gihe bifasha kugumana urugero rwiza rw'umuti mu maraso yawe.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Abacavir?

Ntugomba na rimwe kureka gufata abacavir utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe. Kureka imiti ivura virusi itera SIDA bishobora gutuma virusi yongera gukura, aho urugero rwa virusi itera SIDA mu maraso yawe ruzamuka vuba kandi rushobora guhinduka rukarwanya imiti.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhindura imiti yawe niba ugira ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zihoraho, niba urugero rwa virusi yawe rutangiye kugaragara nubwo uvurwa, cyangwa niba ubudahangarwa bw'imiti butangiye. Impinduka zose zizategurwa neza kugira ngo zigumane uburyo bwo guhagarika virusi itera SIDA.

Niba ufite ibibazo byerekeye ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti cyangwa ukurikiza imiti, vugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo koroshya imiti aho kuyihagarika wenyine.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa Abacavir?

Kunywa inzoga mu rugero ruciriritse muri rusange bifatwa nk'ibintu byiza mugihe ufata abacavir, ariko kunywa inzoga nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by'umwijima kandi bishobora kubangamira ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gutunganya imiti neza.

Inzoga kandi irashobora gukomeza zimwe mu ngaruka ziterwa na abacavir, nka mburugu n'izunguruka. Niba uhisemo kunywa, bikore mu rugero ruciriritse kandi witondere uko umubiri wawe witwara.

Niba ufite indwara y'umwijima cyangwa amateka y'ibibazo by'inzoga, vugana n'umuganga wawe mbere yo gutangira gufata abacavir. Bashobora kugusaba kwirinda inzoga rwose cyangwa gukurikirana imikorere y'umwijima wawe neza.