Icyo Abatacept ari cyo: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Abatacept ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha gutuza urugero rwo hejuru rw'ubudahangarwa, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara ya rheumatoid arthritis n'izindi ndwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa. Bitekereze nk'ifurume yoroheje y'ubudahangarwa bwawe igihe byibeshyeho bigatera umubiri wawe kwibasira ibice byawo byuzuye ubuzima.

Uyu muti uza mu buryo bubiri: inshinge ziterwa mu maraso (IV) zitangwa mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi, n'inshinge ziterwa munsi y'uruhu ushobora kwitera uri mu rugo. Byombi bikora kimwe ariko bitanga urwego rutandukanye rw'uburyo bwo korohereza bitewe n'imibereho yawe n'ibikenewe by'ubuvuzi.

Abatacept ni iki?

Abatacept ni umuti wa biyolojiya wo mu cyiciro cyitwa abahindura ibintu byihariye. Ikora ibyo ikingira ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe hagati y'uturemangingo tw'ubudahangarwa bitera umubimba no kwangirika kw'ingingo.

Bitandukanye n'imiti ikomeye yo gukumira ubudahangarwa, abatacept ifata uburyo bwihariye. Ntabwo ihagarika ubudahangarwa bwawe bwose ahubwo iranoza inzira zihariye zigira uruhare mu ndwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa. Ibi bituma iba uburyo bworoshye nubwo ikora neza.

Uyu muti ukorwa muri poroteyine kandi ugomba kubikwa muri firigo. Yemejwe na FDA kuva mu 2005 kandi yafashije abantu babarirwa muri miriyoni gucunga indwara zabo ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa neza.

Abatacept ikoreshwa mu iki?

Abatacept ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura rheumatoid arthritis ku bantu bakuru n'abana bafite imyaka irenga 6. Yemerewe kandi gukoreshwa mu kuvura psoriatic arthritis na juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba abatacept iyo izindi miti itatanze ubufasha buhagije, cyangwa nk'umuti wa mbere mu bihe runaka. Bifasha cyane cyane abantu bahura no gukomera kw'ingingo mu gitondo, kubyimba kw'ingingo, no kunanirwa biturutse ku ndwara zabo ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa.

Abaganga bamwe na bo bakoresha abatacept mu buryo butemewe ku bindi bibazo byo mu mubiri byibasira ubudahangarwa nk'indwara ya lupus cyangwa ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa vasculitis. Ariko, ibi biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bwifashe n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Abatacept ikora ite?

Abatacept ikora ibuza imikoranire yihariye hagati y'uturemangingo tw'umubiri turwanya indwara twitwa T-cells n'uturemangingo twerekana antigen. Iyo utu turemangingo tuvuganye mu buryo butari bwo, dutera umubiri kubyimba bikangiza ingingo zawe n'imitsi.

Uyu muti ukora nk'umusifuzi w'umutima, ukabuza ibiganiro bibi hagati y'uturemangingo tw'umubiri turwanya indwara utabangamiye burundu ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo kurwanya indwara. Ubu buryo bwihariye ni bwo butuma abatacept ifatwa nk'umuti ufite imbaraga ziringaniye aho kuba umuti ukomeye wo gukumira ubudahangarwa.

Ushobora gutangira kubona impinduka mu mezi 2-3, nubwo abantu bamwe babona inyungu mbere y'igihe. Ingaruka zose akenshi zigaragara nyuma y'amezi 6 igihe umuti ugenda ugabanya umubyimbire mu mubiri wawe wose.

Nkwiriye gufata Abatacept nte?

Uburyo ufata abatacept buterwa n'ubwoko bw'umuti muganga wawe yakwandikiye. Inshinge za IV zitangwa mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi mu gihe cy'iminota 30, mu gihe inshinge zo munsi y'uruhu zishobora gukorerwa mu rugo.

Ku kuvurwa na IV, akenshi uzahabwa inshinge nyuma y'ibyumweru 2, ibyumweru 4, hanyuma buri byumweru 4 nyuma ya dose yawe ya mbere. Ntabwo ukeneye kwiyiriza mbere, ariko kuguma ufite amazi ahagije birashobora kugufasha kumva umeze neza mugihe cyo guterwa urushinge.

Niba ukoresha ubwoko bwo munsi y'uruhu, uzayiterwa rimwe mu cyumweru, akenshi mu itako ryawe, mu nda, cyangwa mu kaboko kawe k'igice cyo hejuru. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rizakwigisha uburyo bukwiye bwo guterwa inshinge no guhinduranya ahantu batera inshinge kugirango birinde kwangirika.

Ubwoko bwombi bukora kimwe, bityo guhitamo akenshi biterwa n'icyo ukunda hagati y'uburyo bworoshye n'umutekano wo kugenzurwa n'abaganga. Abantu bamwe bakunda inshinge zo mu rugo buri cyumweru kubera korohereza, mu gihe abandi bakunda gusura ivuriro buri kwezi kugirango bakomeze gukurikiranwa.

Ndebera Abatacept Ndamara Igihe Kingana Giki?

Abatacept akenshi ni umuti ufata igihe kirekire, bivuze ko ushobora gukomeza kuwufata igihe cyose ugifasha indwara yawe kandi udafite ingaruka zikomeye. Abantu benshi bawufata imyaka myinshi aho gufata amezi make.

Muganga wawe azajya akurikirana uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze buri mezi 3-6 kugira ngo amenye niba umuti ugikora neza. Niba ibimenyetso byawe bigenda neza kandi nta ngaruka zikomeye zikubaho, gukomeza kuvurwa akenshi bitanga umusaruro mwiza.

Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera guhagarika by'agateganyo niba bagize indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa bakeneye kubagwa. Muganga wawe azakuyobora mu biruhuko byose bikenewe kandi agufashe gusubukura neza igihe bikwiye.

Ni Izihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Abatacept?

Abantu benshi bafata abatacept neza, ariko nk'imiti yose, ishobora gutera ingaruka. Kumva icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere ku buvuzi bwawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunda kuba nto kandi zishobora gucungwa. Izi ngaruka z'umunsi ku wundi zifata abantu benshi ariko akenshi ntizisaba guhagarika umuti:

• Umutwe no kunanirwa guto
• Indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero nk'ibicurane
• Isesemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Uko umuti watewe wifata (umutuku, kubyimba, cyangwa kuribwa guto)
• Urugero rwo kumva uzungera igihe cyangwa nyuma yo guterwa imiti mu nsinga

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe akenshi zikunda gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti mu byumweru cyangwa amezi ya mbere.

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunda kubaho ariko zisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Nubwo bidakunze kubaho, ibi bintu bikenera isuzuma ryihuse:

• Ibimenyetso by'indwara ikomeye (umuriro, guhinda umushyitsi, inkorora ihoraho, kunanirwa bidasanzwe)
• Uko umubiri wifata ku miti bikabije (kubura umwuka, kubyimba, uruhu rurya cyane)
• Gusohoka amaraso cyangwa gukomeretsa bidasanzwe
• Isesemi ihoraho, kuruka, cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Ibibara bishya cyangwa bikomeza kwiyongera ku ruhu

Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka zikomeye zigaragara kuri bakeya bari munsi ya 5% by'abantu bafata abatacept, kandi nyinshi zishobora gucungwa neza igihe zamenyekanye hakiri kare.

Ninde Utagomba Gufata Abatacept?

Abatacept ntabwo ikwiriye buri wese, kandi indwara zimwe na zimwe zituma itabera abantu bose, cyangwa bigasaba ingamba zidasanzwe. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kuyandika.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata abatacept niba ufite indwara ikomeye yandura, harimo igituntu, cyangwa niba waragize ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti mbere. Abantu bafite ubwoko runaka bwa kanseri bashobora kandi gukenera kuyirinda cyangwa gutegereza kugeza igihe bavuriwe.

Ukwitonda bidasanzwe birakenewe niba ufite amateka y'indwara zikunda kugaruka, hepatite B cyangwa C, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe z'ibihaha. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegura ibizamini byinyongera no gukurikiranira hafi niba ufite izi ndwara ariko ugikeneye abatacept.

Abagore batwite cyangwa bonka bagomba kuganira ku byago n'inyungu neza na muganga wabo, kuko ingaruka ku bana bakiri bato zitumvikana neza.

Amazina y'Ubwoko bwa Abatacept

Abatacept igurishwa ku izina rya Orencia haba mu buryo bwa IV no mu buryo bwa subcutaneous. Iri ni ryo zina risanzwe uzabona ku mpapuro zandikirwa imiti no mu nyandiko z'ubwishingizi.

Ubu nta bwoko bwa abatacept buriho, kuko ni umuti ugoye gukora neza. Ariko, ubwoko bwa biosimilar bushobora kuboneka mu gihe kizaza.

Ibigo bimwe na bimwe by'ubwishingizi bishobora gusaba uruhushya mbere ya Orencia kubera ikiguzi cyayo, ariko abantu benshi bafite umusonga wa rheumatoid barashobora kubona ubwishingizi igihe impamvu z'ubuvuzi zashyizweho.

Uburyo bwa Abatacept

Niba abatacept itakwiriye kuri wewe, indi miti myinshi ya biologic ikora kimwe n'indwara z'ubwirinzi. Ibi birimo adalimumab (Humira), etanercept (Enbrel), na rituximab (Rituxan).

Imiti ya gakondo igabanya indwara zifata imitsi (DMARDs) nka methotrexate cyangwa sulfasalazine akenshi igeragezwa mbere cyangwa igakoreshwa hamwe na biologics. Iyi miti ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora n'ingaruka zinyuranye.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye, izindi ngorane z'ubuzima, ibyo ukunda mu mibereho yawe, n'ubwishingizi bwawe mugihe ahitamo umuti mwiza. Rimwe na rimwe kugerageza undi muti bitanga umusaruro mwiza cyangwa ingaruka nke.

Ese Abatacept iruta Methotrexate?

Abatacept na methotrexate bikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi akenshi bikoreshwa hamwe aho gukoreshwa nk'ibindi bisimburana. Methotrexate akenshi ni umuti wa mbere ukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara y'imitsi, mugihe abatacept akenshi yongerwaho mugihe methotrexate yonyine idahagije.

Methotrexate ni umuti usanzwe ukoreshwa, ufite ibimenyetso byinshi kandi ufata nk'ibinini cyangwa inshinge kandi uhendutse cyane kurusha abatacept. Ariko, irashobora gutera isesemi nyinshi kandi bisaba gukurikiranwa amaraso buri gihe kugirango imikorere y'umwijima ikore neza.

Abatacept irashobora kuba myiza kubantu batabasha kwihanganira methotrexate cyangwa bakeneye ubufasha bwo kugenzura umubyimbire. Abantu benshi bafata imiti yombi hamwe kugirango babone umusaruro mwiza, kuko bunganirana.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Abatacept

Ese Abatacept irakwiriye kubantu barwaye diyabete?

Yego, abatacept muri rusange irakwiriye kubantu barwaye diyabete. Uyu muti ntugira ingaruka zigorora ku isukari yo mu maraso cyangwa ngo uvangire imiti ya diyabete.

Ariko, kurwara diyabete birashobora kongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara, kandi abatacept nayo yongera gato ibyago byo kwandura. Muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi kandi ashobora kugusaba ingamba zinyongera nk'uko gupima isukari yo mu maraso kenshi mugihe urwaye.

Nigira iki niba nifashishije abatacept nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye?

Niba wihutirije kwitera abatacept kurusha uko byategetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa umufarimasi vuba na bwangu. Nubwo kwihutiriza imiti bidasanzwe ku byuma byuzuzwa mbere, ni ngombwa kubona inama z'ubuvuzi.

Ntugerageze "gushyira mu rugero" urugero rwongerewe urukingwa rukurikira. Umuganga wawe azakugira inama y'inzira yizewe yo gusubira mu murongo w'igihe cyo gufata imiti yawe isanzwe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe urugero rwa Abatacept?

Niba waciwe urukingwa rwo munsi y'uruhu, rufate uko wibuka vuba, hanyuma usubire ku gihe cyawe gisanzwe cy'icyumweru. Ntukongereho urugero rwo gusubiza urukingwa rwaciwe.

Kubijyanye n'imiti y'IV, vugana n'ibiro by'umuganga wawe kugirango utegure gahunda vuba na bwangu. Barashobora guhindura gahunda zawe zikurikira kugirango bakugarure ku gihe cyiza cyo kuvurwa kwawe.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Abatacept?

Wagombye guhagarika gufata abatacept gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bw'umuganga wawe. Guhagarika ako kanya birashobora gutuma indwara yawe y'ubwirinzi yongera gukomera mu byumweru cyangwa amezi.

Umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika niba ugize ingaruka zikomeye, ukagera ku gukira igihe kirekire, cyangwa ugomba guhindura imiti itandukanye. Bazakora gahunda yo kugukurikiranira hafi mugihe cyose cyo guhagarika kuvurwa.

Nshobora kubona inkingo nkanwa nkafataga Abatacept?

Inkingo nyinshi zisanzwe zifite umutekano mugihe ufata abatacept, ariko ugomba kwirinda inkingo zifite ubuzima nk'umuti w'ibicurane wo mu mazuru cyangwa urukingo rwa shingles. Umuganga wawe azagusaba urukingo rw'ibicurane ruterwa aho kuruterwa.

Ni ngombwa rwose kuguma mu gihe cy'inkingo mugihe ufata abatacept, kuko umuti ushobora gutuma wibasirwa n'indwara zimwe na zimwe. Teganya kubona inkingo zawe mugihe wumva umeze neza kandi utagira indwara zikora.