Ibiyobyabwenge bya Anticholinergics na antispasmodics (inzira yo mu kanwa, inzira yo guterwa inshinge, inzira y'inyuma, inzira ya transdermal)

Akineton, Artane, Bentyl, Cantil, Cogentin, Colidrops Pediatric, Cystospaz, Dartisla ODT, Detrol, Ditropan, Ed-Spaz, Enablex, HyoMax, HyoMax-DT, HyoMax-FT, HyoMax-SR, Hyosyne, IB-Stat, Levsinex, Neosol, Norflex, Nulev, Oscimin, Oscimin-SR, Oxytrol, Pamine, Pro-Banthine, Pro-Hyo, Robinul, Sanctura, Scopodex, Spacol T/S, Spasdel, Symax, Symax Duotab, Symmetrel, Toviaz, Transderm Scop, Urispas, Vesicare, Buscopan, Levsin, Pms-Trihexyphenidyl, Transderm-V

Ibiyobyabwenge bya anticholinergics na antispasmodics ni itsinda ry’imiti irimo alkaloids kamere ya belladonna (atropine, belladonna, hyoscyamine, na scopolamine) n’ibindi bikomoka kuri yo. Ibiyobyabwenge bya anticholinergics na antispasmodics bikoreshwa mu kugabanya ububabare cyangwa guhindagurika kw’igifu, amara, n’umwijima. Amwe akoreshwa hamwe n’imiti igabanya aside cyangwa indi miti mu kuvura uburwayi bw’igifu. Andi akoreshwa mu gukumira isereri, kuruka, no kurwara impyiko. Anticholinergics na antispasmodics kandi ikoreshwa mu mirimo imwe na imwe yo kubaga no mu bihe by’amahoro. Mu kubaga, amwe atangwa mu gushonga mbere y’ubuvuzi kugira ngo agufashe kuruhuka no kugabanya ibintu bitohoka, nka saliva. Mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi no kubaga, atropine, glycopyrrolate, hyoscyamine, na scopolamine bikoreshwa mu gufasha gutuma umutima ukora neza. Scopolamine kandi ikoreshwa mu gukumira isereri no kuruka nyuma y’ubuvuzi no kubaga. Atropine kandi itangwa mu gushonga kugira ngo ifashe kuruhuka igifu n’amara kuri bimwe mu bintu. Anticholinergics ikoreshwa mu kuvura uburwayi buterwa n’imiti nka neostigmine na physostigmine, ubwoko bumwe bw’ibihumyo, na gaze “z’imitsi” cyangwa imiti yica udukoko (urugero, demeton [Systox®], diazinon, malathion, parathion, na ronnel [Trolene®]). Anticholinergics ishobora gukoreshwa mu kubabara igihe cy’imihango, ijoro ry’amazuru, no gukumira kwinjira mu murima mu gihe cyo kuryama. Anticholinergics na antispasmodics biboneka gusa ku rupapuro rw’umuganga. Iyi miti iboneka mu buryo bukurikira:

Mubwire muganga wawe niba wigeze ugira uburwayi budasanzwe cyangwa imitego mibi ku miti iri muri uyu muryango cyangwa indi miti. Nanone, mubwire umuhanga mu by'ubuzima niba ufite izindi mico y'uburwayi, nko ku biribwa, amabara, ibintu byongera ubuzima, cyangwa inyamaswa. Ku bicuruzwa bitagomba kwandikwa, soma witonze ibikoresho biri ku gipfunyika cyangwa ku kimenyetso. Kugira umunezero udakunze kugaragara, guhangayika, kudatuza, cyangwa kwiheba, no kugira ubushyuhe budasanzwe, gukuma, no gutukura kw'uruhu bishobora kuba byinshi cyane mu bana. Abana bakunda kuba bafite ubushobozi bwo kwakira imiti igabanya ibintu bya anticholinergiques. Nanone, iyo anticholinergiques ihawe abana mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushyuhe bw'umubiri bushobora kwiyongera vuba. Mu bana bato n'abana, cyane cyane abafite ubumuga bw'imitsi cyangwa ubwonko, iyi miti ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi cyane. Guhumeka nabi cyangwa kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka byabayeho mu bana bafata dicyclomine. Kugira urujijo cyangwa igihombo cy'urwibutso; gucibwamo; kugorana kwinnya; ubunebwe; gukuma mu kanwa, mu mazuru, mu muhogo, cyangwa ku ruhu; no kugira umunezero udakunze kugaragara, guhangayika, kudatuza, cyangwa kwiheba bishobora kuba byinshi cyane mu bantu bakuze. Abantu bakuze bakunda kuba bafite ubushobozi bwo kwakira imiti igabanya ibintu bya anticholinergiques kurusha abantu bakuze. Nanone, ububabare bw'amaso bushobora kubaho, kandi bushobora kuba ikimenyetso cya glaucoma. Niba utwite cyangwa niba ushobora gutwita, menya neza ko muganga wawe azi niba imiti yawe irimo imwe muri iyi: Nubwo iyi miti ishobora kujya mu mata ya nyina, ntabwo byigeze bivugwa ko byateye ibibazo mu bana banywa amata ya nyina. Ariko, umusaruro w'amata ya nyina ushobora kugabanuka muri bamwe. Gukoresha dicyclomine ntibyemewe kandi ntibikwiye gukoreshwa mu babyeyi bonsa kuko byavuzwe ko byateye ibibazo byo guhumeka mu bana bato. Nubwo imiti imwe ntikwiye gukoreshwa hamwe na gato, mu bindi bihe imiti ibiri itandukanye ishobora gukoreshwa hamwe nubwo hariho ikibazo gishobora kubaho. Muri ubwo buryo, muganga wawe ashobora gushaka guhindura umwanya, cyangwa izindi ngamba zishobora kuba ngombwa. Iyo ufashe imwe muri iyi miti, ni ngombwa cyane ko umuhanga mu by'ubuzima azi niba ufashe imwe mu miti igaragazwa hepfo. Ibi bikurikira byatoranijwe hashingiwe ku kamaro kabyo kandi si ngombwa ko ari byose. Gukoresha imiti iri muri uyu muryango hamwe nimwe mu miti ikurikira ntibyemewe. Muganga wawe ashobora gufata umwanzuro wo kutakugaburira imiti iri muri uyu muryango cyangwa guhindura imwe mu miti ufashe. Gukoresha imiti iri muri uyu muryango hamwe nimwe mu miti ikurikira ntibyemewe, ariko bishobora kuba ngombwa mubindi bihe. Niba imiti yombi yandikiwe hamwe, muganga wawe ashobora guhindura umwanya cyangwa uko uyikoresha rimwe cyangwa yombi. Imiti imwe ntikwiye gukoreshwa mu gihe cyo kurya cyangwa hafi yacyo cyangwa kurya ibiryo bimwe na bimwe kuko hariho ikibazo gishobora kubaho. Gukoresha inzoga cyangwa itabi hamwe nimiti imwe bishobora gutera ibibazo. Muganire numuhanga mu byubuzima ku gukoresha imiti yawe hamwe nibiryo, inzoga cyangwa itabi. Kuba hari ibindi bibazo byubuzima bishobora kugira ingaruka ku gukoresha imiti iri muri uyu muryango. Menya neza ko ubwiye muganga wawe niba ufite ibindi bibazo byubuzima, cyane cyane: