Icyo Antihistamine ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Antihistamines ni imiti ibuza histamine, umuti umubiri wawe usohora mu gihe cyo guhangana n'ibintu bitera allergie. Iyi miti ifite akamaro kenshi ifasha kugabanya ibimenyetso nk'uko guhuma, kuribwa, amazuru aviramo amazi, n'imivumbi, binyuze mu kubuza histamine kwifatanya n'uturemangingo two mu mubiri wawe. Ushobora gufata antihistamines unywa, ukoresheje inshinge, cyangwa nk'imiti ishyirwa mu kibuno, bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye byihariye n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe.

Icyo Antihistamine ari cyo?

Antihistamines ni itsinda ry'imiti ikora ibikorwa byo kubuza abakira histamine mu mubiri wawe. Iyo uhuye n'ikintu gitera allergie nk'umukungugu cyangwa ubwoya bw'amatungo, urwego rwawe rw'ubudahangarwa rusohora histamine nk'igice cyo kwirinda. Iyi histamine itera ibimenyetso bituma utiyumva neza bifitanye isano na allergie.

Tekereza antihistamines nk'ingabo ntoya zirengera uturemangingo twawe ku ngaruka za histamine. Ziza mu bwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi: antihistamines z'uruvange rwa mbere (nk'urugero diphenhydramine) zishobora gutuma uba umunebwe, n'iz'uruvange rwa kabiri (nk'urugero loratadine) zitagira akenshi icyo gituma usinzira. Ubwoko bwombi burakora neza, ariko bukora mu buryo butandukanye gato mu mubiri wawe.

Antihistamine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Antihistamines ivura uburyo bwinshi bwo guhangana na allergie n'indwara zifitanye isano na zo. Akenshi, abaganga bazandika ku bijyanye na allergie z'igihe runaka, zizwi kandi nka hay fever cyangwa allergic rhinitis.

Iyi miti ishobora gutanga ubufasha iyo urimo guhangana n'ibimenyetso bitandukanye bya allergie mu mubiri wawe. Aha hari indwara nyamukuru antihistamines ifasha kuvura:

• Allergie z'igihe runaka (hay fever) ziterwa n'umukungugu, ibyatsi, cyangwa ibiti
• Allergie z'umwaka wose ziterwa n'utwoya tw'umukungugu, ubwoya bw'amatungo, cyangwa urwondo
• Uruhu rwitwara nk'imivumbi, eczema, cyangwa amabara ya allergie
• Allergie ziterwa n'ibiryo (ibimenyetso byoroheje gusa)
• Uko umubiri witwara nyuma yo kurumwa n'udukoko
• Uburwayi bwo mu rugendo no kuruka
• Ingorane zo gusinzira (kuri antihistamines ituma usinzira)

Mu bihe bikomeye, abaganga bashobora gukoresha imiti irwanya allergie nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ku bantu bagize allergie ikomeye. Ariko, iyi miti ikora neza ku bimenyetso byoroheje kugeza ku bikomeye, aho gukora ku ngaruka ziteye ubuzima bw'akaga.

Imiti irwanya allergie ikora ite?

Imiti irwanya allergie ikora ibuza histamine kwifatanya n'utunyangingo twihariye mu mubiri wawe twitwa H1 receptors. Iyo histamine idashobora kwifatanya n'utwo tunyangingo, ntishobora gutera urukurikirane rw'ibikorwa bitera ibimenyetso bya allergie yawe.

Umubiri wawe ufite histamine receptors ahantu henshi, harimo izuru ryawe, amaso, uruhu, n'uburyo bwo guhumeka. Iyo imiti irwanya allergie ibuza utwo tunyangingo, birinda kubyimba, kurigata, no kwiyongera kw'imirerere bituma wumva ubabaye igihe cy'allergie.

Imiti myinshi irwanya allergie ifatwa nk'imiti ifite imbaraga ziringaniye ikora neza ku bibazo bya allergie bya buri munsi. Muri rusange ni nziza kandi ifite akamaro, ariko ntabwo ifite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana n'ibibazo bya allergie bikomeye, bisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa n'ubuvuzi butandukanye.

Nkwiriye gufata imiti irwanya allergie nte?

Uburyo ufata imiti irwanya allergie biterwa n'uburyo umuganga wawe aguteye inkunga n'ibimenyetso byawe byihariye. Imiti irwanya allergie yo kunywa ni yo isanzwe ikoreshwa kandi ishobora gufatwa hamwe cyangwa itarimo ibiryo, nubwo kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora gufasha kugabanya kuribwa mu nda.

Ku mapirisi yo kunywa cyangwa ibinini, ubimira byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Niba ufata imiti irwanya allergie y'amazi, pima urugero neza ukoresheje igikoresho cyagenewe gupima, ntabwo ukoresha ikiyiko cyo mu rugo. Gufata umuti wawe mu gihe kimwe buri munsi bifasha kugumana urwego ruhamye mu mubiri wawe.

Iyo umuganga wawe yanditse imiti irwanya allergie y'urushinge, umuganga uzobereye mu by'ubuzima azayikoresha ahantu habugenewe mu buvuzi. Imisemburo yo mu kibuno ikoreshwa cyane iyo udashobora gukomeza imiti yo kunywa kubera isesemi cyangwa kuruka.

Ntugomba gufata imiti irwanya allergie hamwe n'amata by'umwihariko, ariko urashobora kubikora niba bifasha mu kugabanya ibibazo byo mu nda. Irinde inzoga mugihe ufata iyi miti, kuko bishobora kongera gusinzira no kugabanya imikorere y'umuti.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Giki Ndafata Imiti Irwanya Allergie?

Igihe cyo kuvura hamwe n'imiti irwanya allergie bitandukanye bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe n'ibimenyetso byawe. Kubera allergie z'igihe runaka, ushobora kuyifata mugihe cy'allergie, bishobora kumara ibyumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi.

Niba urwaye allergie z'umwaka wose, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gufata imiti irwanya allergie buri munsi mugihe kirekire. Ubu buryo bufasha kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe kandi bugakumira ko bitabangamira ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Kubera allergie zikomeye nka hives cyangwa kuruma n'udukoko, mubisanzwe ufata imiti irwanya allergie muminsi mike kugeza ibimenyetso byawe bikize. Ntukigere uhagarika gufata imiti yanditswe na muganga ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe, cyane cyane niba umaze kuyifata buri gihe mugihe kirekire.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Y'imiti Irwanya Allergie?

Abantu benshi bafata imiti irwanya allergie neza, ariko nk'imiti yose, ishobora gutera ingaruka. Ubwoko n'uburemere bw'ingaruka akenshi biterwa n'uruvange rw'imiti irwanya allergie urimo gufata.

Imiti irwanya allergie yo mu gisekuru cya mbere ikunda gutera ingaruka zigaragara cyane kuko yinjira mu bwonko bwawe byoroshye. Hano hari ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo:

• Gusinzira cyangwa kunanirwa
• Umunwa wumye
• Ubona ibintu bitajegajega
• Kuribwa umutwe
• Kugorana kwituma
• Kugorana kwihagarika
• Umutwe wo mu nda cyangwa isesemi

Imiti irwanya allergie yo mu gisekuru cya kabiri akenshi itera ingaruka nkeya, nubwo abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'umutwe woroshye, umunwa wumye, cyangwa umutwe wo mu nda. Iyi miti mishya yateguwe kugirango ikore by'umwihariko ku bimenyetso bya allergie itabangamiye cyane imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe.

Nubwo bidasanzwe, abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye zikeneye ubufasha bwa muganga. Izi zirimo umutima utera nabi, isereri rikomeye, guhumeka bigoye, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri kubera umuti ubwawo. Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibangamye.

Ninde utagomba gufata imiti irwanya allergie?

Nubwo imiti irwanya allergie muri rusange ifite umutekano ku bantu benshi, abantu bamwe bagomba kuyirinda cyangwa bakayikoresha bafite ubwitonzi bwinshi. Muganga wawe azasuzuma amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'imiti ukoresha ubu kugira ngo amenye niba imiti irwanya allergie ikwiriye kuri wowe.

Abantu bamwe bafite indwara zituma imiti irwanya allergie ishobora kuba ikibazo cyangwa ikaba ikeneye gukurikiranwa neza. Aha hari amatsinda y'ingenzi agomba kuganira ku bindi bisubizo n'umuganga wabo:

• Abantu bafite prostate yagutse cyangwa ibibazo byo guhagarika inkari
• Abantu bafite glaucoma ifunganye
• Abafite indwara zikomeye z'umwijima cyangwa impyiko
• Abantu bafata imiti imwe n'imwe ivanga n'imiti irwanya allergie
• Abantu bafite ibibazo byo guhumeka nk'astma ikomeye
• Abafite indwara z'umutima
• Abantu bafite amateka yo gufatwa n'ibibazo by'ubwonko

Abagore batwite kandi bonsa bagomba kubanza kubaza muganga wabo mbere yo gufata imiti irwanya allergie, kuko ubwoko bumwe burinzwe kurusha ubundi muri ibyo bihe. Abantu bakuze bashobora kwibasirwa cyane n'ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti kandi bashobora gukenera doze zihinduka cyangwa imiti itandukanye.

Amazina y'ubwoko bw'imiti irwanya allergie

Imiti irwanya allergie iboneka mu mazina menshi atandukanye y'ubwoko, haba nk'imiti itangwa na muganga cyangwa imiti igurishwa ku isoko. Kumenya amazina y'ubwoko birashobora kugufasha kumenya ubwoko bw'umuti urimo gufata no kwirinda gufata doze ebyiri zitateguwe.

Ibikorwa bisanzwe bya mbere bya antihistamine birimo Benadryl (diphenhydramine), Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine), na Atarax (hydroxyzine). Iyi miti irashaje ariko iracyakora neza, nubwo ikunda gutera gusinzira cyane.

Antihistamines za kabiri zirimo ibirango nka Claritin (loratadine), Zyrtec (cetirizine), na Allegra (fexofenadine). Izi nzira nshya zizwi cyane kuko zitanga imiti y'uburwayi neza hamwe no kugabanya gusinzira, bikaba bikwiriye gukoreshwa ku manywa.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Antihistamine

Niba antihistamines zitagukorera neza cyangwa zikaba zateza ingaruka mbi, imiti itandukanye irashobora kugufasha gucunga allergie zawe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gushakisha izi nzira zishingiye ku bimenyetso byawe byihariye n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi.

Imiti yo mu mazuru ya corticosteroid akenshi ikora neza kurusha antihistamines kubijyanye no gufunga amazuru kandi irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe na antihistamines kugirango ugenzure neza ibimenyetso. Decongestants irashobora gufasha gufunga amazuru, nubwo akenshi akoreshwa mu gihe gito gusa.

Uburyo butagendanye n'imiti burashobora gufasha cyane mu gucunga allergie. Ibi birimo kwirinda ibintu bizwi bitera allergie uko bishoboka, gukoresha ibikoresho byo gukiza umwuka mu rugo rwawe, gukaraba ibitanda mumazi ashyushye buri cyumweru, no gufunga amadirishya mumasaha yuzuye pollen.

Kubijyanye na allergie zikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba immunotherapy (urukingo rwa allergie) cyangwa izindi miti yihariye. Ubu buryo bukora buhoro buhoro buhugura sisitemu yawe y'umubiri kugirango itagira ibikorwa byinshi kubintu bitera allergie.

Ese Antihistamine iruta Decongestants?

Antihistamines na decongestants bikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi bigamije ibimenyetso bitandukanye bya allergie, bityo kimwe ntigomba kuba cyiza kuruta ikindi. Guhitamo neza biterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe byihariye n'uko umubiri wawe witwara kuri buri bwoko bw'imiti.

Imiti irwanya allergie irusha iyindi kugabanya ibimenyetso biterwa no kurekura histamine, nk'uko guhumeka, kuribwa, amazuru aviramo amazi, n'amaso arira. Ifasha cyane mu kurwanya ibibazo byo ku ruhu kandi ikora neza mu gukumira ibimenyetso iyo ifashwe buri gihe.

Imiti igabanya umuvumo mu mazuru ifasha cyane mu kugabanya umuvumo mu mazuru no mu gatuza kuko igabanya imitsi y'amaraso yabyimbye mu mazuru yawe. Ariko, ntigikemura ibindi bimenyetso bya allergie nk'uko kuribwa cyangwa guhumeka, kandi ntishobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire idafite ibyago byo kongera umuvumo.

Abantu benshi basanga imiti ivanze irimo imiti irwanya allergie n'imiti igabanya umuvumo itanga ubufasha bwuzuye. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba ukeneye ubwoko bumwe bw'umuti cyangwa uburyo buvanga imiti.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa ku miti irwanya allergie

Q1. Imti irwanya allergie ifitiye umutekano abantu bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso?

Imiti myinshi irwanya allergie ifitiye umutekano abantu bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, ariko ugomba guhitamo neza kandi ukagisha inama muganga wawe. Imti irwanya allergie yo mu gisekuru cya kabiri nka loratadine, cetirizine, na fexofenadine muri rusange ni zo zifite umutekano mwinshi kuko akenshi ntizigira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'amaraso.

Ariko, ugomba kwirinda imiti ivanze irimo imiti igabanya umuvumo niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, kuko imiti igabanya umuvumo ishobora kuzamura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe. Buri gihe genzura amabwiriza neza kandi uvugane na farumasiye cyangwa muganga wawe mbere yo guhitamo umuti wa allergie niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye umuti urwanya allergie mwinshi mu buryo butunganye?

Niba unyweye umuti urwanya allergie mwinshi mu buryo butunganye, ntugahagarike umutima, ariko ukore icyo ugomba gukora vuba. Vugana na muganga wawe, farumasiye, cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya uburozi ako kanya kugira ngo baguhe ubuyobozi bushingiye ku muti wihariye n'umubare wanyoye.

Ibimenyetso byo kurenza urugero rwa antihistamine birimo gushyirwa ibitotsi bikabije, urujijo, umunwa wumye, kugorana kwihagarika, cyangwa mu bihe bikomeye, gufatwa n'indwara cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima. Niba urimo guhura n'ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'uguhumeka bigoranye, umutima utera nabi, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge, hamagara serivisi zihutirwa ako kanya.

Bika urupapuro rw'umuti hamwe nawe igihe ushaka ubufasha kugirango abaganga bamenye neza icyo wafashe n'ingano yacyo. Ntugerageze kwivugisha umuriro keretse niba ubisabwe n'umuganga.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe urugero rwa Antihistamine?

Niba waciwe urugero rwa antihistamine, ifate ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero waciwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo gufata imiti.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugirango wuzuze urugero waciwe, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, tekereza gushyiraho umwanya wo kwibutswa kuri terefone cyangwa gufata umuti wawe igihe kimwe buri munsi nk'igice cy'ubuzima bwawe.

Kubijyanye na antihistamines zifashishwa nkuko bikenerwa kubera ibimenyetso, gucikwa urugero bisobanura ko ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kugaruka cyangwa bikiyongera by'agateganyo. Urashobora gufata urugero rwawe rutaha igihe ibimenyetso bigaragara, ukurikiza intera ziteganijwe zo gufata imiti kuri paki cyangwa nkuko byategetswe na muganga wawe.

Q4. Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Antihistamine?

Ubusanzwe urashobora guhagarika gufata antihistamines igihe ibimenyetso byawe bya allergie bigenzurwa neza kandi guhura kwawe n'ibintu bitera allergie byagabanutse. Kubijyanye na allergie z'igihe runaka, ibi bishobora kuba ku iherezo ry'igihe cy'umukungugu, mugihe kubijyanye na allergie z'umwaka wose, igihe biterwa n'uko umuntu ameze.

Niba umaze igihe kinini ufata antihistamines buri munsi, ganira na muganga wawe mbere yo guhagarika kugirango wemeze ko bikwiye kubera uburwayi bwawe. Abantu bamwe bungukirwa no gukomeza gufata antihistamines ku rugero ruto kabone niyo ibimenyetso byoroheje kugirango birinde kwiyongera.

Ubusanzwe urashobora guhagarika imiti irwanya allergie ako kanya utagize ibimenyetso byo kuva mu miti, bitandukanye n'indi miti. Ariko, ibimenyetso byawe bya allergie birashoboka ko bizagaruka niba ukigaragara ku bintu biyiteza, bityo ugomba kugira gahunda yo gucunga ibimenyetso niba bigarutse.

Q5. Nshobora gufata imiti irwanya allergie hamwe n'indi miti?

Imiti irwanya allergie irashobora guhura n'indi miti myinshi, bityo ni ngombwa kubwira muganga wawe na farumasiye ku miti yose urimo gufata. Imwe mu mikoranire irashobora kongera ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti nko gusinzira cyane, mu gihe izindi zishobora kugabanya imikorere y'imiti yawe.

Witondere cyane niba urimo gufata imiti yo guhangayika, kwiheba, ibibazo byo gusinzira, cyangwa kuribwa, kuko guhuza ibi n'imiti irwanya allergie bishobora gutera gusinzira cyane. Imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, imiti iruhura imitsi, na antibiyotike zimwe na zimwe zirashobora guhura n'imiti irwanya allergie.

Buri gihe banuza umuganga wawe mbere yo kongeramo indi miti mishya, harimo imiti igurishwa itagomba uruhushya rwa muganga n'ibyongerera imiti, mu bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi. Gira urutonde rugezweho rw'imiti yawe yose kandi ujyane naryo mu gihe cyo kwivuza kugira ngo bifashe kwirinda imikoranire iteye akaga.