Icyo Atropine-Homatropine-na-Scopolamine Ophthalmic ari cyo: Ibikoreshwa, Uburyo Bwo Gukoresha, Ingaruka Ziterwa n'ibindi

Atropine, homatropine, na scopolamine ni imiti ikoreshwa mu maso yitwa anticholinergics cyangwa mydriatics. Aya matonyi yo mu maso yagura mu buryo bw'agateganyo imboni zawe kandi ikaruhura imitsi iri mu jisho ryawe. Abaganga bakoresha iyi miti cyane cyane mu gihe cyo gupima amaso no kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu maso kugira ngo babone neza imbere mu jisho ryawe.

Atropine, Homatropine, na Scopolamine ni iki?

Iyi miti itatu ni imiti ya anticholinergic ikora by'umwihariko ku maso yawe. Ikomanga ibimenyetso by'imitsi bisanzwe bituma imboni zawe ziguma ntoya kandi bigafasha ijisho ryawe kureba neza. Iyo ibi bimenyetso byakumiriwe, imboni zawe ziraguka kandi ubushobozi bwo kureba neza bw'ijisho ryawe bugabanuka mu gihe gito.

Imiti yose ifite imbaraga zitandukanye n'igihe ikora. Atropine ni yo ikomeye kandi imara igihe kirekire, mu gihe homatropine iri hagati, naho scopolamine ikaba ari yo yoroheje. Muganga w'amaso yawe azahitamo iyikwiriye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'isuzuma cyangwa ubuvuzi ukeneye.

Atropine, Homatropine, na Scopolamine bikoreshwa ku iki?

Aya matonyi yo mu maso afite akamaro gakomeye mu kwita ku maso. Igikoreshwa cyane ni mu gihe cyo gupima amaso, aho muganga wawe akeneye kubona neza inyuma y'ijisho ryawe. Zikoreshwa kandi mu kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu maso no gufasha mu gukira nyuma yo kubagwa mu maso.

Ibi ni byo bituma muganga wawe ashobora kugutera iyi miti:

• Kwagura imboni kugira ngo hakorwe isuzuma ryimbitse ry'amaso
• Kuvura umuvumo uri mu jisho (uveitis)
• Gucunga ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'ububabare bwo mu maso
• Gukumira imiterere nyuma yo kubagwa mu maso
• Gupima neza imiti y'amaso ku bana
• Kuvura amblyopia (ijisho ry'umunebwe) mu bihe bimwe na bimwe

Umuganga w'amaso yawe azagusobanurira neza impamvu bagusaba izi ndemba kubera ikibazo cyawe. Icyemezo kiterwa n'igihe umuti ugomba kumara ukora n'ubwoko bw'isuzuma cyangwa ubuvuzi urimo guhabwa.

Ni gute iyi miti y'amaso ikora?

Iyi miti ikora ibuza acetylcholine, ubutumwa bwa chimique mu mikoranire y'imitsi yawe. Iyo acetylcholine yabuze mu jisho ryawe, ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi birabaho: imboni zawe ziraguka (zigakura) kandi imitsi yawe ya ciliary iraruhuka.

Tekereza imboni yawe nk'icyuma cya kamera. Ubusanzwe, ihindura ubunini hashingiwe ku rumuri n'icyo ureba. Iyi miti mu by'ukuri "ifunga" imboni mu mwanya ufunguye cyane. Muri icyo gihe, iruhura umitsi ihindura imiterere y'uruziga rwawe kugira ngo rushobore kwibanda, niyo mpamvu icyerekezo cyawe gihinduka kidafite isuku, cyane cyane ku mirimo ya hafi.

Imbaraga z'iyi miti zirashobora gutandukana cyane. Atropine niyo ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi irashobora gutuma imboni zawe ziguma zifunguye kugeza ku byumweru bibiri. Homatropine isanzwe imara iminsi 1-3, naho scopolamine isanzwe ivaho mu minsi 3-7.

Nkwiriye gukoresha nte izi ndemba z'amaso?

Umuvuzi wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye ashingiye ku muti ukoresha n'impamvu. Muri rusange, uzashyira indemba mu jisho cyangwa mu maso arwaye nk'uko byategetswe. Abantu benshi bakoresha izi ndemba inshuro 1-3 ku munsi, ariko ibi biratandukana cyane bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe.

Dore uburyo bukwiye bwo gukoresha indemba z'amaso:

1. Karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi
2. Tegereza umutwe wawe inyuma ureba hejuru ku gisenge
3. Kurura neza uruhu rwo hasi rw'ijisho ryawe kugira ngo ukore umufuka muto
4. Kanda umubare wategetswe w'indemba muri uyu mufuka
5. Funga ijisho ryawe neza kandi ukande gato ku nguni y'imbere iminota 1-2
6. Irinda guhuma cyane cyangwa guhanagura ijisho ryawe

Ntugakoreho urutoki ku mutwe w'urutete rw'ijisho, urufunguzo rw'ijisho, cyangwa ahandi hose kugira ngo wirinde kwanduza. Niba ukoresha izindi miti y'amaso, tegereza byibuze iminota 5 hagati y'amatonyi atandukanye.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Nkoresha Iyi Miti?

Igihe bizamara biterwa rwose n'impamvu uyikoresha. Mu bizami by'amaso, ubusanzwe uzayikoresha rimwe mbere yo kujya mu gihe cyo kwisuzumisha. Mu kuvura indwara z'amaso nka uveitis, ushobora kuyikoresha iminsi myinshi cyangwa ibyumweru bitari bike ukurikiranwa na muganga.

Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza asobanutse ku gihe cyose ugomba gukomeza kuvurwa. Ni ngombwa gukurikiza neza inama zabo, kabone n'iyo ibimenyetso byawe byongera. Guhagarika kare bishobora gutuma umubyimbire ugaruka, mugihe kuyikoresha igihe kirekire bishobora gutera ibibazo.

Ntuzigera uhindura igihe wenyine. Niba ufite impungenge ku gihe umaze ukoresha aya matonyi, vugana na muganga wawe w'amaso kugira ngo akugire inama.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara?

Iyi miti ishobora gutera ibikorwa bitandukanye bigaragara, byinshi muri byo ni iby'igihe gito kandi bifitanye isano n'ingaruka zayo zigenewe ku maso yawe. Ibikorwa bisanzwe bigaragara bifitanye isano n'ukwiyongera kw'abanyeshuri n'ukubura ubushobozi bwo kwibanda.

Ibikorwa bisanzwe bigaragara ushobora guhura nabyo birimo:

• Kureba nabi, cyane cyane gusoma no gukora ibintu bya hafi
• Kugira ubwenge ku rumuri no kumurika
• Kugorana kwibanda ku bintu biri hafi
• Kugira uburakari buke bw'ijisho cyangwa kubabara nyuma yo kuyikoresha
• Kurira cyane
• Umutwe uterwa no kunanirwa kw'ijisho

Ibikorwa bikomeye ariko bitagaragara cyane bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane iyo bikoreshejwe igihe kirekire cyangwa ku bantu bafite ubwenge. Ibi birimo kongera umuvuduko w'ijisho, kubabara cyane kw'ijisho, umuvuduko w'umutima wihuta, guhura, cyangwa urujijo.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zidasanzwe ariko ziteye impungenge, cyane cyane abana n'abarwayi bakuze. Ibi birimo umuriro, umunwa wumye, kutagira umutuzo, cyangwa impinduka mu myitwarire. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya.

Ninde Utagomba Gukoresha Iyi Mitima?

Abantu bamwe bagomba kwirinda gukoresha aya matonyi y'amaso cyangwa bakayagomba gukoresha bayobowe n'abaganga. Muganga wawe azareba amateka yawe mbere yo kuyakwandikira kugirango yemeze ko akwiriye.

Ntugomba gukoresha iyi miti niba ufite:

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• Glaucoma ifunganye cyangwa amateka ya glaucoma ifunga urugero
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• Allergie izwi kuri atropine, homatropine, scopolamine, cyangwa imiti isa
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• Ubwoko bumwe bwa ibibazo by'umutima
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• Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko cyangwa umwijima
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• Myasthenia gravis (uburwayi bw'intege nke z'imitsi)
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Muganga wawe azitonda cyane niba ufite ibibazo nk'urugimbu rwagutse, guhagarara kw'amara, cyangwa niba utwite cyangwa wonka. Abana n'abarwayi bakuze bashobora koroherwa n'iyi miti kandi bagasaba gukurikiranwa by'umwihariko.

Amazina y'ubwoko n'izindi nzira

Iyi miti iboneka mu mazina atandukanye y'ubwoko, nubwo menshi ubu ari rusange. Amatonyi y'amaso ya Atropine arimo ubwoko nka Isopto Atropine, mugihe homatropine iboneka nka Isopto Homatropine. Umuti wa scopolamine ophthalmic ushobora kuboneka munsi y'izina ry'ubwoko rya Isopto Hyoscine.

Muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo izindi nzira zishingiye ku byo ukeneye. Mydriatics ikora igihe gito nka tropicamide cyangwa cyclopentolate akenshi ikoreshwa mugusuzuma amaso buri gihe kuko ivamo vuba. Kubibazo bimwe na bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora gushishikariza ubundi bwoko bw'amatonyi y'amaso rwose.

Gu hitamo hagati y'iyi miti biterwa n'igihe ingaruka zigomba kumara n'icyo uvurwa. Muganga wawe w'amaso azahitamo uburyo bukwiye kubera uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Ese iyi miti iruta andi matonyi y'amaso?

Iyi miti ntabwo ari ngombwa ko

Ugereranije n'amatonyi akora vuba yo kwagura amaso nka tropicamide, iyi miti itanga ingaruka zirambye. Ibi bituma bikwiriye kuvura umubyimbire w'ijisho urambye cyangwa igihe ikizamini kirambye gikenewe. Ariko, igihe kirekire kandi gisobanura ingaruka zirambye.

Muganga wawe ahitamo iyi miti iyo imitungo yayo yihariye ikenewe by'umwihariko kubera uburwayi bwawe. Ntabwo ari amatonyi y'amaso rusange ahubwo ni imiti yihariye yo kuvura ibibazo byihariye.

Ibikunze Kubazwa

Ese birinzwe gukoresha aya matonyi niba mfite diyabete?

Muri rusange, aya matonyi y'amaso arinzwe ku bantu bafite diyabete, ariko muganga wawe azakugenzura neza. Diyabete irashobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha imiti kandi irashobora kongera ibyago by'ingaruka zimwe na zimwe. Muganga w'amaso yawe azatekereza ubuzima bwawe muri rusange no gucunga diyabete mugihe cyo gufata icyemezo niba aya matonyi akwiriye kuri wewe.

Abantu bafite diyabete bakunze gukenera ibizamini by'amaso bihoraho, kandi iyi miti ikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo gupima amaso ya diyabete. Wibuke gusa kubwira muganga wawe ibyerekeye diyabete yawe n'imiti yose urimo gufata.

Nigute nzakora niba nkoresheje byinshi bitunguranye?

Niba ukoresheje amatonyi menshi bitunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, ntugahungabane. Mbere na mbere, sukura ijisho ryawe buhoro buhoro n'amazi meza niba bishoboka. Ingaruka zishoboka cyane ni uko ibimenyetso byawe (kureba nabi, kumva urumuri) bizaba bikomeye cyangwa bizamara igihe kirekire kuruta uko byari byitezwe.

Reba ibimenyetso bikomeye nko gutera k'umutima vuba, urujijo, umuriro, cyangwa kubabara cyane kw'ijisho. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi, hamagara muganga wawe cyangwa ushake ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya. Bika icupa ry'umuti hamwe nawe kugirango abaganga bamenye neza icyo wakoresheje.

Nigute nzakora niba nciyeho urugero?

Niba wibagiwe urugero, rishyireho uko wibuka vuba. Ariko, niba igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira kigeze, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe. Ntukigere ufata imiti ibiri mu rwego rwo gusimbura urugero wibagiwe.

Ku miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura amaso yabyimbye, gukomeza ni ingenzi kugira ngo bikire. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, shyiraho ibyibutsa kuri terefone yawe cyangwa usabe abagize umuryango wawe kugufasha kwibuka.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata iyi miti?

Hagarika iyi miti gusa igihe muganga wawe abikubwiye. N'ubwo ibimenyetso byawe byarushaho, ushobora gukenera gukomeza kuvurwa mu gihe cyose cyategetswe kugira ngo wirinde ingorane cyangwa kongera kugaruka kw'uburwayi bwawe.

Niba ukoresha aya matonyi mu kuvura amaso yabyimbye, guhagarika kare bishobora gutuma ububyimbirwe bugaruka. Muganga wawe azategura gahunda yo gusuzuma uko urwayi rwawe rumeze kandi akamenya igihe cyiza cyo guhagarika kuvurwa.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka niba nkoresha aya matonyi y'amaso?

Ntugomba gutwara imodoka igihe iyi miti igira icyo ihindura ku miyoborere yawe. Imiyororokere itagaragara neza n'ubushyuhe bw'urumuri bitera bishobora gutuma gutwara imodoka bigira akaga kuri wowe n'abandi bari mu muhanda.

Teganya ko undi muntu azakujyana mu bitaro no mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa igihe ukoresha aya matonyi. Ibyo bishobora kumara iminsi mike cyangwa ibyumweru bibiri, bitewe n'umuti ukoresha. Muganga wawe azakugira inama igihe bizaba byemewe kongera gutwara imodoka.