Azathioprine ni iki: Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Azathioprine ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha gutuza umubiri ufite ubudahangarwa burenze urugero. Uyu muti ubarirwa mu itsinda ry'imiti yitwa immunosuppressants, ikora igabanya uburyo umubiri wawe wikingira iyo burenze urugero cyangwa ugatangira kurwanya ibice by'umubiri bifite ubuzima.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa neza mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ndetse no gukumira ko umubiri wanze urugingo rwimuriwe. Nubwo bisaba gukurikiranwa neza, azathioprine ishobora guhindura ubuzima ku bantu bafite indwara aho ubudahangarwa bwabo bukeneye kuyobozwa neza kugira ngo bukore neza.

Azathioprine ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Azathioprine ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara zikomeye aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bugomba gucungwa neza. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira uyu muti iyo uburyo umubiri wawe wikingira buri gukora cyane cyangwa buri kurwanya ibintu bitari byo.

Uyu muti ukoreshwa cyane mu gukumira ko umubiri wawe wanze urugingo rwahinduwe, nk'urugero rwa impyiko cyangwa umwijima. Uyu muti ukoreshwa hamwe n'indi miti kugira ngo ufashishe umubiri wawe kwakira urugingo rushya nk'igice cyawo aho kururwanya.

Usibye kwita ku byerekeye guhindura urugingo, azathioprine ifite akamaro kanini mu kuvura indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Izi ni indwara aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bwikorera amakosa bugatangira kurwanya ibice byawe by'umubiri bifite ubuzima, bigatuma habaho kubyimba no kwangirika mu mubiri wawe wose.

Dore indwara zikomeye aho azathioprine ishobora kugira uruhare runini mu buzima bwawe:

• Arthritis ya rheumatoid, cyane cyane iyo izindi nshuti zitatanze umuti uhagije
• Indwara zifata amara zirimo indwara ya Crohn na colitis ya ulcerative
• Ibyago bikomeye bya systemic lupus erythematosus
• Ubwoko bumwe bwa vasculitis, aho imitsi y'amaraso irwara
• Myasthenia gravis, indwara ifata imbaraga z'imitsi
• Eczema ikomeye cyangwa dermatitis idasubiza ku zindi nshuti
• Ubwoko bumwe bwa hepatite iterwa n'ibikorwa bya autoimmune

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza azathioprine kubera indwara nka psoriasis ikomeye, ibibazo bimwe byo mu maso, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaraso. Icyemezo gihora gishingiye ku miterere yawe bwite n'uburyo izindi nshuti zikora neza kuri wewe.

Azathioprine ikora ite?

Azathioprine ikora igabanya buhoro buhoro imikorere y'ubudahangarwa bwawe, cyane cyane ikaganisha ku ngingo ziteza umubabaro no kwangiza imitsi. Tekereza nk'uko ugabanya ijwi ku gisubizo cy'ubudahangarwa bwinshi aho kugihagarika burundu.

Umuti uhinduka mu mubiri wawe ukaba ibintu bikora bikabangamira uburyo ingingo z'ubudahangarwa zigwira kandi zigakora. Iyi nzira ibaho buhoro buhoro, niyo mpamvu azathioprine ifatwa nk'umuti wo hagati wo gukumira ubudahangarwa aho kuba umwe ukomeye.

Bitandukanye n'imiti ikomeye yo gukumira ubudahangarwa, azathioprine yemerera ubudahangarwa bwawe gukomeza ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya indwara n'indwara. Ni nko gukoresha feri zoroshye ku modoka aho gukanda feri yihutirwa.

Umuti wibanda cyane cyane ku ngingo zigenda vuba, harimo ingingo z'ubudahangarwa zikabije ziteza indwara yawe. Ubu buryo bwo gutoranya bufasha gusobanura impamvu azathioprine ishobora gukora neza itabangamiye burundu ubwirinzi bwawe bw'umubiri.

Nkwiriye gufata azathioprine nte?

Gufata azathioprine neza bifasha kwemeza ko ubona inyungu nyinshi mugihe ugabanya ingaruka zishobora kubaho. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye ashingiye ku burwayi bwawe n'uburyo umubiri wawe witwara ku muti.

Abantu benshi bafata azathioprine banywa, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amata. Kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo bifasha kugabanya isesemi, abantu bamwe bagira iyo batangira umuti.

Ubwoko bwa intravenous busanzwe bubikirwa mu bitaro cyangwa iyo udashobora gufata ibinini binywa. Niba wakira IV azathioprine, ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izakora ibijyanye no kuyitanga no kugukurikiranira hafi mugihe cyo kuyitanga.

Ibi nibyo ukeneye kumenya kubyerekeye gufata azathioprine neza:

• Yifate ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego rwo hejuru mumubiri wawe
• Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure kinini cy'amazi
• Ntuzigere usenya cyangwa umenagure ibinini, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka kuburyo umuti ukora
• Niba wumva uruka, gerageza kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa nyuma y'amafunguro
• Komeza kuyifata nubwo wumva umeze neza, kuko guhagarara ako kanya bishobora gutuma uburwayi bwawe bwiyongera

Muganga wawe azagutangiza ku gipimo gito hanyuma agihindure buhoro buhoro ashingiye kuburyo witwara neza n'ingaruka zose ushobora guhura nazo. Ubu buryo bwitondewe bufasha kubona uburinganire bukwiye kubyo ukeneye.

Nzagomba Gufata Azathioprine Igihe Kingana Gite?

Igihe cyo kuvura azathioprine gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo witwara neza ku muti. Abantu bamwe barayikeneye mu mezi make gusa, mugihe abandi bashobora kuyifata imyaka cyangwa ndetse igihe kirekire.

Kubarwayi bafite impyiko zatewe, azathioprine akenshi ni umuhate wubuzima bwose wo kwirinda kwangwa. Ikipe yawe y'impyiko izakorana nawe kugirango ubone urugero rworoshye ruzagumisha urugingo rwawe rushya rufite ubuzima bwiza kandi rukora neza.

Niba urimo gufata azathioprine kubera indwara y'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri, igihe cyo kuyifata akenshi giterwa n'uko indwara yawe ikora cyane kandi n'uko izindi nshuti zikora neza. Abantu benshi basanga bashobora kugabanya buhoro buhoro urugero rwabo cyangwa bakaba banahagarika imiti iyo indwara yabo imeze neza.

Muganga wawe azajya asuzuma buri gihe niba ugikeneye azathioprine akoresheje gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe, ibizamini by'amaraso, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Bashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo kugerageza kugabanya urugero cyangwa guhagarika imiti niba umeze neza.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Itera Azathioprine?

Kimwe n'imiti yose igira ingaruka ku bwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe, azathioprine ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Kumva icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cyinshi ku miti yawe kandi ukamenya igihe cyo kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunda kuba zoroshye kandi akenshi zikagenda zikemuka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza imiti. Ibi akenshi ntibisaba guhagarika umuti, ariko ni ngombwa kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe.

Dore ingaruka ushobora guhura nazo cyane:

• Urugimbu ruto cyangwa kuribwa mu gifu, cyane cyane mugihe ugitangira
• Kugira ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kwandura indwara nto nk'ibicurane
• Kugira umunaniro cyangwa kumva urushye kurusha uko bisanzwe
• Kugabanyuka kw'umusatsi by'igihe gito, akenshi bikemuka nyuma yo guhagarika imiti
• Uruhu rworoshye ku zuba
• Gucibwamo cyane cyangwa kwituma bigoranye rimwe na rimwe

Abantu bamwe bahura n'ingaruka zikomeye zisaba gukurikiranwa cyane. Nubwo ibi bitaba kenshi, ni ngombwa kubitegereza no kubibwira muganga wawe vuba.

Ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwa muganga zirimo:

• Uburwayi bwo guhora umuriro, guhinda umushyitsi, cyangwa ibimenyetso by’ubwandu bukomeye
• Guhumeka bidasanzwe cyangwa gukomeretsa
• Urubavu rukabije cyangwa kuruka guhoraho
• Umuhondo w’uruhu cyangwa amaso, bishobora kwerekana ibibazo by’umwijima
• Umunaniro ukabije udakira n’ikiruhuko
• Uduce tudasanzwe cyangwa kubyimba ahantu hose ku mubiri wawe

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, gukoresha azathioprine igihe kirekire bishobora kongera gato ibyago byo kurwara kanseri zimwe na zimwe, cyane cyane kanseri z’uruhu na lymphoma. Muganga wawe azaganira kuri ibi byago nawe kandi asobanure uburyo gukurikirana buri gihe bifasha gufata ibibazo byose hakiri kare.

Ninde utagomba gufata Azathioprine?

Nubwo azathioprine muri rusange ifite umutekano ku bantu benshi, abantu bamwe na bamwe bagomba kwirinda uyu muti cyangwa bakawukoresha bafite ubwitonzi bwinshi. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kuwandikira.

Abantu bafite allergie zizwi kuri azathioprine cyangwa ikindi kintu gifitanye isano na yo, 6-mercaptopurine, ntibagomba gufata uyu muti. Niba waragize ibibazo bikomeye ku miti isa niyi mu bihe byashize, menyesha muganga wawe ibi.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zituma azathioprine itagira umutekano cyangwa ikaba isaba gukurikiranwa byihariye. Muganga wawe azagomba gupima inyungu n’ibyago muri ibi bihe.

Ugomba kuganira kuri azathioprine neza na muganga wawe niba ufite:

• Ubwoko bw’indwara zikomeye cyangwa amateka y’indwara zikomeje kugaruka
• Indwara y’umwijima cyangwa amateka y’ibibazo by’umwijima
• Indwara y’impyiko cyangwa imikorere y’impyiko yagabanutse
• Amateka ya kanseri, cyane cyane kanseri z’amaraso
• Ihagarikwa ry’imiterere ya jeni rigira ingaruka ku buryo ukoresha umuti
• Ibibazo bikomeye by’umushongi w’amagufa cyangwa indwara z’amaraso

Gusama no konsa bisaba kwitonderwa byihariye. Nubwo azathioprine rimwe na rimwe ishobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gutwita iyo inyungu ziruta ibyago, ntabwo ariyo nzira ya mbere kuri byinshi. Muganga wawe azagufasha gufata icyemezo cyiza kuri wowe n’umwana wawe.

Niba uteganya gutwita cyangwa umaze gutwita, ganira n'umuganga wawe vuba bishoboka. Ashobora gukenera guhindura gahunda yawe y'imiti cyangwa akaguha indi miti ifite umutekano kurushaho.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Azathioprine

Azathioprine iboneka mu mazina atandukanye y'ubwoko, nubwo verisiyo rusange ikora neza kandi akenshi ihendutse. Izina risanzwe uzahura naryo ni Imuran, imaze imyaka myinshi iboneka.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko arimo Azasan mu turere tumwe na tumwe, nubwo iboneka bitewe n'igihugu. Umufarimasi wanyu ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa verisiyo urimo kubona niba guhindura hagati y'ubwoko bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miti yawe.

Uko waba ufata izina ry'ubwoko cyangwa verisiyo rusange, ibikoresho bikora n'ubushobozi biracyari kimwe. Abantu bamwe bakunda gukoresha uruganda rumwe kugirango bagire ubwizerwe, mugihe abandi bishimira guhindura bitewe n'ikiguzi cyangwa uko biboneka.

Izindi miti isimbura Azathioprine

Niba azathioprine itagukwiriye cyangwa ikareka gukora neza, imiti myinshi isimbura ishobora gutanga inyungu zisa. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku burwayi bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo wakiriye izindi miti.

Kuburwayi bwo kwibasirwa n'umubiri, methotrexate akenshi ifatwa nk'isimbura rya hafi. Ikora mu buryo butandukanye na azathioprine ariko irashobora gukora neza kimwe kubantu benshi, nubwo iza n'ibitekerezo byayo bwite n'ibisabwa byo gukurikiranwa.

Imiti mishya yitwa biologics itanga ubundi buryo, cyane cyane kuburwayi nka rheumatoid arthritis na inflammatory bowel disease. Ibi birimo imiti nka adalimumab, infliximab, na etanercept, bigamije ibice byihariye bya sisitemu y'ubudahangarwa.

Izindi miti muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza harimo:

• Mycophenolate mofetil, cyane cyane ku barwayi bafite ibihaha byatewe n'ibindi bintu
• Leflunomide ku barwayi bafite indwara ya rheumatoid arthritis
• Cyclosporine ku barwayi bafite indwara zikomeye ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri
• Hydroxychloroquine ku barwayi bafite lupus n'izindi ndwara zisa nazo
• Sulfasalazine ku barwayi bafite indwara ya inflammatory bowel disease

Guhitamo izindi nzira bitewe n'ibintu byinshi, harimo indwara ufite, imiti yindi urimo gufata, n'uburyo umubiri wawe witwara ku miti itandukanye. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango abone umuti mwiza niba azathioprine itagukundiye.

Ese Azathioprine iruta Methotrexate?

Zose uko ari ebyiri, azathioprine na methotrexate ni imiti ikora ibikorwa byo kugabanya ubwirinzi bw'umubiri, ariko nta n'imwe iruta iyindi. Guhitamo bitewe n'indwara ufite, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'uburyo umubiri wawe witwara kuri buri muti.

Ku barwayi bafite rheumatoid arthritis, methotrexate akenshi niyo igeragezwa mbere kuko yigiweho cyane kandi ikora vuba ku bantu benshi. Ariko, azathioprine ishobora kuba indi nzira nziza niba methotrexate itera ingaruka mbi cyangwa niba itagukundiye.

Azathioprine ishobora gukundwa niba ufite ibibazo by'umwijima, kuko akenshi worohera umwijima kurusha methotrexate. Ku rundi ruhande, methotrexate ishobora guhitwamo niba ufite impinduka zimwe na zimwe za genetike zituma azathioprine itagira akamaro.

Ku barwayi bafite indwara ya inflammatory bowel disease, azathioprine imaze igihe kinini ikoreshwa kandi akenshi niyo miti ya mbere igeragezwa. Ariko, imiti yombi irashobora kugira akamaro, kandi guhitamo akenshi biterwa n'ibintu by'umuntu ku giti cye n'icyo muganga akunda.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'imikorere y'impyiko n'umwijima, indi miti urimo gufata, n'imibereho yawe mugihe ahitamo hagati y'izi nzira. Abantu benshi babaho neza kuri buri muti, kandi guhindura hagati yazo birashoboka igihe cyose bibaye ngombwa.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri Azathioprine

Ese Azathioprine irinzwe ku bantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko?

Azathioprine irashobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza ndetse no guhindura urugero rw'umuti. Kubera ko impyiko zawe zifasha mu gutunganya no gukuraho imiti, kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'impyiko bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha azathioprine.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutuma bakora ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe kugirango barebe imikorere y'impyiko zawe kandi ashobora gutangira kugutera urugero ruto niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko. Inkuru nziza ni uko azathioprine muri rusange itagira ingaruka nyinshi ku mpyiko kurusha izindi miti ikumira ubudahangarwa.

Niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'impyiko cyangwa uri kuri dialysis, muganga wawe azakorana bya hafi n'inzobere mu by'impyiko kugirango yemeze ko azathioprine ikora neza kandi ikugirira akamaro. Bashobora gukenera guhindura igihe cyo gufata imiti yawe mu gihe cya dialysis.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfashwe azathioprine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba ufashwe azathioprine nyinshi bitunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya, n'iyo wumva umeze neza. Guhora ufata nyinshi bishobora gukumira ubudahangarwa bwawe kurusha uko byari byitezwe cyangwa bigatera izindi ngorane zikomeye.

Ntugerageze gusubiza urugero rurenzeho ukoresheje kwirengagiza urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Ahubwo, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe yerekeye igihe cyo gusubira mu gihe cyo gufata imiti yawe isanzwe.

Ibimenyetso byo gufata azathioprine nyinshi bishobora kuba isesemi ikabije, kuruka, impiswi, cyangwa umunaniro udasanzwe. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso nyuma yo gufata imiti yinyongera, shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya.

Kugirango wirinde gufata imiti nyinshi bitunguranye, tekereza gukoresha umuteguro w'imiti cyangwa gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone yawe. Bika imiti yawe mu gikoresho cyayo cy'umwimerere hamwe n'inyandiko zisobanutse, kandi ntuzigere ufata urugero rwinshi kugirango "ukosore" niba wararenzeho.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa azathioprine?

Niba wibagiwe urugero rwa azathioprine, rinywe vuba nawe wibuka, keretse igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira ruri hafi. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugirango usubize urugero wibagiwe, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, ganira na muganga wawe kubijyanye n'uburyo bwo kugufasha kwibuka cyangwa niba guhindura gahunda yawe yo gufata imiti byagufasha.

Kutagera ku rugero rimwe na rimwe mubisanzwe ntibigira akaga, ariko guhora utagera ku rugero bishobora kugabanya imikorere y'umuti kandi bishobora gutuma indwara yawe yongera gukomera. Niba wibagiwe urugero rwinshi, vugana na muganga wawe kugirango akugire inama y'uburyo wasubira mu nzira neza.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Azathioprine?

Umwanzuro wo kureka azathioprine ugomba gufatwa buri gihe hamwe n'ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe, kuko guhagarara mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutuma indwara yawe yongera gukomera. Muganga wawe mubisanzwe azashaka kugabanya urugero buhoro buhoro aho guhagarara icyarimwe.

Kubijyanye n'indwara ziterwa n'umubiri w'umuntu, ushobora kureka azathioprine igihe indwara yawe imaze igihe gihagije itajegajega, akenshi amezi menshi kugeza ku myaka. Ariko, abantu bamwe na bamwe bakeneye gukomeza gufata umuti igihe kirekire kugirango birinde gusubira mu ndwara.

Abarwayi bafite ibice byimitsima mubisanzwe bakeneye gukomeza gufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa, harimo azathioprine, ubuzima bwose kugirango birinde kwanga urugingo. Niyo wumva umeze neza rwose, kureka iyi miti bishobora gushyira urugingo rwawe rwahinduwe mu kaga gakomeye.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'igihe umaze utajegajega, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'imiterere y'indwara yawe mugihe cyo kumenya niba bifite umutekano kugabanya cyangwa kureka azathioprine. Bazanaganira kandi ibimenyetso byo kwitondera niba uhagaritse umuti.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa Azathioprine?

Ni byiza kugabanya kunywa inzoga igihe urimo gufata umuti wa azathioprine, kuko uwo muti n'inzoga byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi kenshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara umwijima iyo byivanzemo na azathioprine.

Kunywa inzoga gake gake rimwe na rimwe bisanzwe byemewe ku bantu benshi, ariko ugomba kubiganiraho na muganga wawe. Ashobora kugugira inama bitewe n'imikorere y'umwijima wawe, imiti yindi urimo gufata, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga, bikore mu rugero kandi witondere uko wumva. Abantu bamwe basanga inzoga zibagira ingaruka cyane igihe bafata azathioprine, bishobora gutera umunaniro mwinshi cyangwa isesemi.

Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'umwijima wawe buri gihe akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso, hatitawe ku buryo unywa inzoga. Ujye ubabwiza ukuri ku bijyanye n'imigenzo yawe yo kunywa inzoga kugira ngo babashe gutanga ubufasha bwiza bushoboka no kugenzura uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.