Icyo Bupropion ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwa dose, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Bupropion ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ukora mu buryo butandukanye n'imiti myinshi ivura umubabaro kugira ngo ifashe kunoza imyumvire no gushyigikira ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Uyu muti ugira akamaro kenshi ubarizwa mu cyiciro cyihariye cy'imiti yitwa imiti idasanzwe ivura umubabaro, bivuze ko ikora mu nzira zitandukanye z'ubwonko ugereranije n'uburyo bwa kera. Ushobora kuyimenya ku mazina y'ubucuruzi nka Wellbutrin cyangwa Zyban, kandi imaze imyaka myinshi ifasha abantu guhangana n'umubabaro no kureka itabi.

Igituma bupropion iba umwihariko ni uko ikunda gutera imbaraga kurusha uko ituza, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza ku bantu bumva bananiwe cyangwa barushye kubera umubabaro wabo. Ifite kandi ingaruka nke zo mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ugereranije n'indi miti myinshi ivura umubabaro, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuba ibintu by'ingenzi ku mibereho yawe yose.

Bupropion ni iki?

Bupropion ni umuti uvura umubabaro ugira ingaruka ku bimera mu bwonko bwawe byitwa neurotransmitters, by'umwihariko dopamine na norepinephrine. Bitandukanye n'indi miti myinshi ivura umubabaro ikora cyane kuri serotonin, bupropion ifata uburyo butandukanye bwo kongera ibi by'imiti byongera imyumvire myiza no gushishikarira mu bwonko bwawe. Ubu buryo bwihariye akenshi buhinduka imbaraga ziyongera no kunoza imyumvire ku bantu benshi.

Uyu muti uza mu buryo butandukanye, harimo n'ibinini bifatwa ako kanya ufata inshuro nyinshi ku munsi, n'uburyo bwo gukoresha igihe kirekire bukora umunsi wose ufata dose imwe cyangwa ebyiri gusa. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bukwiye bushingiye ku byo ukeneye byihariye n'uko umubiri wawe witwara ku muti.

Bupropion ikoreshwa mu iki?

Bupropion ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara yo kwiheba ikomeye na gahunda yo kwiheba y'igihe runaka (SAD), ari yo kwiheba kubaho mu bihe runaka, akenshi mu gihe cy'imbeho. Yemewe kandi nk'igikoresho cyo kureka itabi ku izina rya Zyban, ifasha abantu kwikura ku guhura n'uburozi bwa nicotine mu kugabanya inyota n'ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho.

Usibye izi nshingano zibanze, abaganga rimwe na rimwe bandikira bupropion kubindi bibazo iyo bikwiye. Ibi birimo indwara yo kutita ku bintu no gukabya (ADHD), cyane cyane ku bantu bakuru, no nk'ubuvuzi bwongerwaho ku bantu batabonye igisubizo cyuzuye ku bindi byongera imibereho myiza. Abaganga bamwe kandi barayikoresha mu gufasha mu kugenzura ibiro, kuko rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma umuntu atakaza ibiro bike aho kunguka ibiro bifitanye isano n'ibindi byongera imibereho myiza.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, bupropion ishobora gutekerezwa mu kuvura imikorere mibi y'imibonano mpuzabitsina iterwa n'ibindi byongera imibereho myiza, umunaniro udashira, cyangwa ubwoko runaka bw'ububabare budashira. Ariko, izi nshingano ntizisanzwe kandi zisaba isuzuma ryitondewe n'umuganga wawe.

Biteganywa ko Bupropion ikora ite?

Bupropion ikora mu kubuza ubwonko bwawe gusubiza dopamine na norepinephrine vuba cyane, bigatuma izi neurotransmitters z'ingenzi ziguma zikora igihe kirekire. Bitekereze nk'igikomeza ibimenyetso byo

Mugufasha kureka itabi, bupropion igabanya inyota ya nicotine n'ibimenyetso byo kuva mu biyobyabwenge binyuze mu kugira ingaruka ku nzira zimwe na zimwe z'ubwonko nicotine yibasira. Iki gikorwa cyombi ku marangamutima no mu biyobyabwenge gituma gifasha cyane abantu banywa itabi kandi bahanganye n'agahinda gakabije.

Nkwiriye Gufata Bupropion Nte?

Fata bupropion uko umuganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi bitewe n'ubwoko bwayo. Ubwoko bwo gusohoka ako kanya akenshi bufatwa kabiri cyangwa gatatu ku munsi, mu gihe ubwoko bwo gusohoka buhoro buhoro akenshi bufatwa rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi. Shyira intera hagati y'imiti yawe byibuze amasaha 6 kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo gufatwa n'ibibazo by'ubwonko, ibyo bikaba ari ibintu by'ingenzi by'umutekano kuri uyu muti.

Ushobora gufata bupropion hamwe cyangwa nta funguro, ariko kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora gufasha kugabanya imitsi mu gifu niba hari icyo ubona. Mimina ibinini byo gusohoka buhoro buhoro byose utabikubaguye, utabishishuye, cyangwa utabimennye, kuko ibi bishobora kurekura imiti myinshi icyarimwe. Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini, ganira na farumasiye wawe ku byo wakora.

Gerageza gufata umuti wawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urwego ruzigama mu mubiri wawe. Abantu benshi basanga bifasha gufata bupropion mu gitondo cyangwa mu gitondo cyane kuko bishobora gutera imbaraga kandi bishobora kubangamira gusinzira niba bifashwe nyuma y'umunsi.

Nkwiriye Gufata Bupropion Igihe Kingana Gite?

Igihe cyo kuvura na bupropion gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buteye n'icyo urimo kuvura. Ku gahinda gakabije, abantu benshi bakeneye gufata umuti byibuze amezi 6 kugeza kuri 12 nyuma yuko ibimenyetso byabo bigabanuka kugira ngo birinde kongera kubaho. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire, cyane cyane niba baragize ibibazo byinshi by'agahinda gakabije.

Niba ukoresha bupropion mu guhagarika kunywa itabi, uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe ni ibyumweru 7 kugeza kuri 12, nubwo abantu bamwe bungukirwa no kuvurwa igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe akenshi azagusaba gutangira imiti icyumweru kimwe mbere y'itariki wateguye guhagararaho kugirango urusheho kugira urugero rwo gukora neza mu mubiri wawe.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata bupropion ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Nubwo itatera ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho kimwe n'ibindi byongera imibereho, guhagarara ako kanya bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byo kwiheba bisubira cyangwa kongera ibyago byo gufatwa n'indwara mu gihe gike. Muganga wawe azagufasha kugabanya buhoro buhoro igihe kigeze cyo guhagarika imiti.

Ni Ibihe Bimenyetso Bigaragara Byatewe na Bupropion?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, bupropion ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bigaragara, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Kumva icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi ukamenya igihe cyo kuvugana n'umuganga wawe.

Ibimenyetso bigaragara cyane ushobora guhura nabyo birimo umunwa wumye, isesemi, kugorwa no gusinzira, isereri, n'umutwe. Ibi bimenyetso akenshi biba byoroheje kandi bikunze gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza imiti mu byumweru byambere. Guhagarara kw'amara no guhinduka kw'uburyohe nabyo birasanzwe ariko birashoboka kubicunga.

Dore ibimenyetso bigaragara byateguwe hakurikijwe uburyo bikunda kubaho:

Ibimenyetso bigaragara cyane (bigira ingaruka ku bantu barenga 10%):

• Umunwa wumye
• Isesemi
• Kutabasha gusinzira cyangwa kugorwa no gusinzira
• Isereri
• Umutwe
• Guhagarara kw'amara
• Kunyeganyega cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi

Ibimenyetso bitagaragara cyane ariko bigaragara:

• Kwiganyira cyangwa guhangayika
• Kugabanya ibiro
• Kureba nabi
• Kwiruka ibyuya cyane
• Umusonga mu matwi (tinnitus)
• Urubu rw'inda
• Gu hinduka kw'irari ryo kurya

Ibimenyetso bidakunze kugaragara ariko bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga:

• Uburwayi bwo gufatwa (bibaho ku bantu batarenze 1% bakoresha imiti uko yagenewe)
• Uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwivumbura ku miti, hamwe n'uruhu rurya, kubyimba, cyangwa kugorwa no guhumeka
• Impinduka zikomeye z'amarangamutima, harimo no gutekereza kwikomeretsa
• Umubyimba mwinshi w'amaraso
• Umutima utera nabi
• Umutwe ukabije hamwe n'impinduka mu mbono

Ingaruka nyinshi zishobora gucungwa n'uburyo bworoshye nko kunywa amazi menshi kugira ngo umunwa utumuka, gufata umuti kare ku manywa kugira ngo utagira ibibazo byo gusinzira, cyangwa kurya amafunguro mato mato kenshi kugira ngo utagira isesemi. Umuganga wawe ashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byihariye bitewe n'icyo urimo guhura nacyo.

Ninde utagomba gufata Bupropion?

Bupropion ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi hariho ibihe byihariye bitagomba gukoreshwa kubera impungenge z'umutekano. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwirinda ni amateka y'uburwayi bwo gufatwa cyangwa ibibazo byongera ibyago byo gufatwa, kuko bupropion ishobora kugabanya urugero rwo gufatwa.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata bupropion niba ufite ubu cyangwa mu gihe cyashize uburwayi bwo kurya nka anorexie cyangwa bulimia, kuko ibi bibazo byongera ibyago byo gufatwa. Abantu bafite ibikomere bikomeye byo mu mutwe, ibibyimba byo mu bwonko, cyangwa abanyura mu gihe cyo kuva ku nzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge nabo bagomba kwirinda uyu muti.

Aha hariho amatsinda nyamukuru atagomba gufata bupropion:

Ibyo kwirinda rwose:

• Amateka y'uburwayi bwo gufatwa cyangwa ibibazo byo gufatwa
• Ubu cyangwa mu gihe cyashize uburwayi bwo kurya (anorexie, bulimia)
• Gufata MAOIs (ibiyobyabwenge bigabanya monoamine oxidase) cyangwa kubireka mu minsi 14 ishize
• Uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwivumbura ku bupropion mu gihe cyashize
• Guhagarika inzoga cyangwa imiti ituma umuntu asinzira

Ibibazo bisaba kwitonda cyane:

• Uburwayi bukomeye bw'umwijima cyangwa impyiko
• Uburwayi bwa bipolar (ntabwo bukoresha umuti ugabanya amarangamutima)
• Ibibazo bikomeye by'umutima
• Umubyimba mwinshi w'amaraso utagenzurwa
• Gusama cyangwa konsa (bisaba isesengura ryitondewe ry'inyungu n'ibibazo)

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bibazo, ntugire impungenge – hariho ubundi buryo bwinshi bwo kuvura bukora neza. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gushaka ubundi buryo bwiza kandi bukora neza ku bibazo byawe byihariye.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Bupropion

Bupropion iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubwoko, buri rimwe ryagenewe gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye no gutanga imiti. Wellbutrin ni ryo zina ry'ubwoko rimenyekana cyane, riboneka mu buryo bwo guhita irekurwa, irekurwa ryihuse (SR), n'irekurwa ryongerewe (XL) mu kuvura agahinda gakabije no guhindagurika kw'ibihe.

Zyban ni izina ry'ubwoko ryashyizwe ku isoko ryihariye ryo kureka itabi, rikaba rikoresha ibintu bimwe bikora nka Wellbutrin ariko mu buryo butandukanye bwo gutanga imiti. Aplenzin ni irindi zina ry'ubwoko rikoresha bupropion hydrobromide aho gukoresha umunyu wa hydrochloride usanzwe, ushobora korohereza abantu bamwe mu gifu.

Ubundi buryo bwa bupropion buraboneka cyane kandi bukora neza kimwe n'ubwoko bw'amazina. Itandukaniro rikuru ni igiciro, aho ibikoresho bisanzwe bihendutse cyane mugihe bitanga inyungu zimwe zo kuvura.

Uburyo bwa Bupropion

Niba bupropion atagukwiriye, hariho ubundi buryo bwinshi bwo kuvura bukora neza mu kuvura agahinda gakabije no kureka itabi. Mu kuvura agahinda gakabije, uburyo bwo gusimbuza burimo SSRIs nka sertraline cyangwa escitalopram, SNRIs nka venlafaxine, cyangwa izindi ntungamubiri zitari ngombwa nka mirtazapine.

Buri bwoko bw'ntungamubiri ikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi ifite ingaruka zayo. SSRIs akenshi ni imiti ikoreshwa mbere kandi akenshi yihanganirwa neza, mugihe SNRIs ishobora kuba myiza kubantu bafite uburibwe buhoraho. Imiti ya tricyclic ni uburyo bwa kera bushobora gukora neza ariko akenshi ifite ingaruka nyinshi.

Mu guhagarika kunywa itabi, izindi nzira zirimo imiti isimbura nicotine (ibishishwa, chingamu, amabuye), varenicline (Chantix), cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire. Abantu benshi babona intsinzi hamwe n'inzira zihuza imiti no gufashwa mu kuganira.

Izindi nzira zitari imiti zo kuvura umubabaro zirimo psychothérapie, cyane cyane cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), gahunda zo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, imyitozo yo kwitonda, no guhindura imibereho. Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa wenyine cyangwa hamwe n'imiti bitewe n'ibyo ukunda n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Ese Bupropion iruta Sertraline?

Gusanisha bupropion na sertraline (Zoloft) ntibireba umwe uruta undi muri rusange - bireba icyo gikora neza ku miterere yawe n'imikorere y'umubiri wawe. Byombi ni imiti ikora neza yo kurwanya umubabaro, ariko bikora binyuze mu buryo butandukanye kandi bifite ingaruka zitandukanye.

Bupropion ishobora kuba uburyo bwiza niba ufite impungenge z'ingaruka z'imibonano mpuzabitsina, kongera ibiro, cyangwa kumva unaniwe, kuko mubisanzwe bitera ibibazo bikeya. Irashishikariza kandi aho gutuza, bituma bikwiriye abantu bafite umubabaro bumva bananiwe cyangwa bacogoye. Byongeye kandi, bupropion ishobora gufasha guhagarika kunywa itabi, ibyo sertraline itavugaho.

Sertraline ishobora gukundwa niba ufite kandi impungenge hamwe n'umubabaro, kuko SSRIs nka sertraline muri rusange zikora neza ku ndwara z'impungenge. Yanigishijwe cyane mu gihe cyo gutwita kandi ifite amateka maremare y'amakuru y'umutekano. Abantu bamwe basanga SSRIs byoroshye kwihanganira mbere na mbere, hamwe n'ingaruka nke zo gukangura.

Uburyo bwiza buterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe byihariye, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, imiti yindi urimo gufata, n'ibyo ukunda ku giti cyawe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gupima ibi bintu kugirango ufate icyemezo gikwiriye ku miterere yawe.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Bupropion

Ese Bupropion ifite umutekano ku ndwara z'umutima?

Bupropion bisaba kwitonda cyane niba ufite indwara y'umutima, kuko ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y'amaraso n'umuvuduko w'umutima. Uyu muti ushobora kongera umuvuduko w'amaraso kandi rimwe na rimwe ukaba wateza umutima kudatera neza, bityo abantu bafite indwara z'umutima bagomba gukurikiranwa cyane iyo batangira kuvurwa.

Niba ufite indwara y'umutima itajegajega kandi igenzurwa neza, bupropion iracyashobora kuba igisubizo hamwe n'ubugenzuzi bw'abaganga. Muganga wawe ashobora gushaka gukurikirana umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe n'umuvuduko w'umutima kenshi, cyane cyane iyo utangiye gufata uyu muti cyangwa uhindura ingano yawo. Ariko, niba ufite indwara y'umutima ikomeye, itajegajega cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru utagenzurwa, ibindi byongera ibyishimo bishobora kuba amahitamo meza.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nifashishije bupropion nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye?

Niba ufashishije bupropion nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye, vugana na serivisi zigenzura uburozi (1-800-222-1222) cyangwa serivisi zihutirwa ako kanya, cyane cyane niba wafashe byinshi birenze kabiri urugero rwawe rusanzwe. Kubona bupropion nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo gufatwa n'ibibazo by'ubwonko, bityo ni ngombwa gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga vuba na bwangu kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza.

Ntugerageze kwikorera umuriro cyangwa gufata imiti yongera indi kugira ngo urwanye uburozi. Ahubwo, shaka icupa ry'umuti wawe, wandike urugero wafashe n'igihe, kandi ushake ubufasha bw'abaganga. Abaganga bashobora kugukurikirana kandi bakaguha ubufasha niba bikenewe. Urugero rwinshi rw'uburozi butunguranye burangira neza hamwe n'ubufasha bw'abaganga bukwiye, ariko buri gihe ni byiza kugira umutekano.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa bupropion?

Niba wirengagije urugero rwa bupropion, rufate ako kanya wibukira, keretse igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira kigeze. Ntukigere ufata urugero rurenze rumwe icyarimwe kugira ngo usubize urugero wirengagije, kuko ibi byongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka z'uruhande n'ibibazo by'ubwonko.

Ku bupropion ikoreshwa ako kanya, niba wibuka mu masaha make, jya imbere ufate urugero wibagiwe. Ku mavuriro akoreshwa igihe kirekire, niba hashize amasaha arenga 6 uhereye ku rugero wibagiwe kandi uri hafi y'igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe. Ntugire impungenge ku rugero rumwe wibagiwe – garuka mu nzira ukurikiza gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata bupropion?

Ugomba kureka gufata bupropion gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bw'abaganga, kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza cyane. Ku bijyanye no kwiheba, abaganga benshi basaba gukomeza kuvurwa byibuze amezi 6 kugeza kuri 12 nyuma y'uko ibimenyetso bigabanuka kugira ngo birinde gusubira inyuma. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire, cyane cyane niba baragize ibihe byinshi byo kwiheba.

Igihe kigeze cyo kureka, muganga wawe azagusaba kugabanya urugero buhoro buhoro mu byumweru byinshi aho guhagarara ako kanya. Ibi bifasha kwirinda ibimenyetso byo kwiheba bishobora kugaruka kandi bigabanya akaga gato ko gufatwa n'indwara zishobora kubaho iyo uhagaritse ako kanya. Korana n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo ukore gahunda yo kugabanya urugero ikwiriye imiterere yawe.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa bupropion?

Ni byiza kugabanya kunywa inzoga mugihe ufata bupropion, kuko inzoga ishobora kongera ibyago byo gufatwa n'indwara kandi ishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byo kwiheba birushaho kuba bibi. Niba uhisemo kunywa, bikore mu rugero kandi umenye ko bupropion ishobora guhindura uburyo inzoga ikugiraho ingaruka.

Niba usanzwe unywa inzoga buri gihe kandi ugitangira gufata bupropion, ganira na muganga wawe ku buryo wagabanya kunywa inzoga neza. Guhagarika inzoga ako kanya bishobora kongera ibyago byo gufatwa n'indwara, bityo impinduka zose zigomba gukorwa buhoro buhoro kandi ukurikije ubuyobozi bw'abaganga. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gukora gahunda nziza ikora neza n'intego zawe zo kuvurwa.