Captopril ni iki: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Captopril ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso no kurengera umutima wawe. Uyu muti ubarizwa mu itsinda ry'imiti yitwa ACE inhibitors, ikora irekura imitsi y'amaraso kugira ngo amaraso atemberere neza mu mubiri wawe.

Niba muganga wawe yaraguhaye captopril, birashoboka ko urwaye umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima. Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa mu buryo bwizewe mu gufasha abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni gukontorora izi ndwara no kubaho neza.

Captopril ni iki?

Captopril ni umuti wa ACE inhibitor wari umwe mu miti ya mbere yari mu cyiciro cy'ingenzi cy'imiti y'umutima. ACE isobanura “angiotensin-converting enzyme,” ikaba ari ikintu kiri mu mubiri wawe gishobora gutuma imitsi y'amaraso ifunga kandi ikazamura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe.

Tekereza captopril nk'umufasha wiyoroshya ubwira imitsi yawe y'amaraso kuruhuka. Iyo imitsi yawe y'amaraso iruhutse, umutima wawe ntugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo utembereze amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Ibi bituma captopril igirira akamaro kanini abantu bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, umutima wananiwe, cyangwa abantu bari gukira indwara z'umutima.

Bitandukanye n'indi miti mishya, captopril ifite amateka maremare y'umutekano n'ubushobozi. Yigishijwe neza kandi yizewe na ba muganga ku isi hose mu gihe cy'imyaka irenga 40.

Captopril ikoreshwa mu iki?

Captopril ivura indwara nyinshi z'umutima n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ukaba ari wo mpamvu isanzwe ituma abaganga bayandika. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba captopril niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ukeneye gukontororwa neza.

Usibye kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso, captopril ifasha abantu bafite umutima wananiwe kubaho neza. Umutima wananiwe bibaho iyo imitsi y'umutima wawe itangiye kunanuka ntishobore gutera amaraso neza nk'uko byagakwiye. Captopril yoroshya ubu buremere ikora byoroshye umutima wawe gukora akazi kawo.

Uyu muti unagira uruhare rwo kurinda nyuma yo gufatwa n'umutima. Niba waragize ikibazo cy'umutima, captopril irashobora gufasha kwirinda ibibazo by'umutima mu gihe kizaza no kurinda imitsi y'umutima yawe kwangirika kurushaho. Abantu bamwe bafite diyabete nabo bafata captopril kugira ngo barinde impyiko zabo ingaruka z'isukari nyinshi mu maraso.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, abaganga bashobora kwandika captopril kubera izindi ndwara nka scleroderma renal crisis, ikibazo gikomeye cy'impyiko gishobora kubaho hamwe n'indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri.

Captopril ikora ite?

Captopril ikora ibungabunga urugero mu mubiri wawe rusanzwe rutuma imitsi yawe ifunga. Uru rugero, rwitwa ACE, rukora imisemburo ituma imitsi ifunga kandi igatera umuvuduko w'amaraso kwiyongera.

Iyo captopril ibungabunga uru rugero, imitsi yawe iguma irekuye kandi ifunguye. Ibi bituma umutima wawe utagira urugero rwinshi rwo kurwanya, ibi bikagabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe. Bimeze nk'ukuvana ikintu gifunze mu mazi - amazi atembera neza kandi atagira umuvuduko mwinshi.

Nka umuti, captopril ifatwa nk'ikomeye kandi ifite akamaro kanini. Ntabwo ari umuti ukomeye cyane wo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, ariko ni wizewe kandi ukora neza kubantu benshi. Abaganga benshi bishimira captopril kuko iteganywa kandi imaze imyaka myinshi ikoreshwa neza.

Ingaruka za captopril zongera buhoro buhoro mu mubiri wawe. Mugihe ushobora gutangira kubona impinduka zimwe mumuvuduko w'amaraso muminsi mike, mubisanzwe bifata ibyumweru 2-4 kugirango ubone inyungu zose z'uyu muti.

Nkwiriye gufata captopril nte?

Fata captopril nkuko umuganga wawe abitegeka, mubisanzwe inshuro 2-3 kumunsi isaha imwe mbere yo kurya. Kuyifata igihe wicaye mu gifu bifasha umubiri wawe gukurura umuti neza.

Ushobora gufata captopril hamwe n'amazi, kandi ni byiza kwirinda kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo niba bishoboka. Ibiryo bishobora kugabanya urugero umubiri wawe wunguka umuti, bigatuma udakora neza. Niba ukeneye rwose kurya ikintu, gerageza kugikora mu buryo bworoshye.

Gerageza gufata imiti yawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urugero rwo mu maraso yawe. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha guhuza imiti yabo ya captopril n'ibikorwa bya buri munsi, nk'uko bayifata iyo babyutse na mbere yo kurya.

Niba ugitangira gufata captopril, muganga wawe ashobora gutangira n'urugero ruto hanyuma akaruzamura buhoro buhoro bitewe n'uko witwara. Ubu buryo bwitondewe bufasha kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti mugihe ushakisha urugero rukwiye rw'ibyo ukeneye.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Giki Ndafata Captopril?

Abantu benshi bafata captopril mu mezi cyangwa imyaka, kuko akenshi ni uburyo bwo kuvura igihe kirekire indwara zirambye nko kuzamuka k'amaraso cyangwa kunanirwa k'umutima. Igihe cyo kuvurwa giterwa n'indwara yawe yihariye n'uburyo witwara neza ku muti.

Kuzamuka k'amaraso, birashoboka ko uzajya ufata captopril iteka kuko umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso akenshi ni indwara y'ubuzima bwose isaba gukomeza kuyicunga. Tekereza nk'uko ufata vitamine ya buri munsi - ni ikintu gihinduka igice cy'ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi kugirango ugumane ubuzima bwawe neza.

Niba ufata captopril nyuma yo guhura n'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora kuyigushakira byibuze imyaka myinshi kugirango urinde umutima wawe. Ku kunanirwa k'umutima, igihe akenshi giterwa n'uburyo imikorere y'umutima wawe itera imbere n'niba izindi nshuti zihinduka zikwiriye.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata captopril ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Guhagarara ako kanya bishobora gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uzamuka cyane, bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye nko guhagarara k'umutima cyangwa indwara yo mu bwonko.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Captopril?

Abantu benshi bafata captopril neza, ariko nk'imiti yose, irashobora gutera ingaruka ku bantu bamwe. Ingaruka rusange ni inkorora yumye, idahagarara, ikora ku bantu bagera kuri 10-15% bafata imiti ya ACE inhibitors.

Dore ingaruka rusange ushobora guhura nazo:

• Inkorora yumye idashira
• Urugero cyangwa umutwe, cyane cyane iyo uhagurutse
• Umunaniro cyangwa kumva urushye kurusha uko bisanzwe
• Umutwe
• Isesemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Impinduka mu buryohe (ibyo kurya bishobora kumera nk'icyuma cyangwa bitandukanye)

Izi ngaruka rusange akenshi ziragenda zikemuka uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti, akenshi mu byumweru bike bya mbere by'ubuvuzi.

Abantu bamwe bahura n'ingaruka zikomeye ariko zitabaho cyane zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga:

• Ukubura gukabije mu maso, iminwa, ururimi, cyangwa umuhogo (angioedema)
• Urugero rukabije cyangwa guta ubwenge
• Umutima utera vuba cyangwa utajegajega
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'impyiko (impinduka mu kunyara, kubura mu maguru cyangwa ibirenge)
• Ibimenyetso by'urugero rwo hejuru rwa potasiyumu (intege nke mu mikaya, umutima utera gake)

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, captopril irashobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura cyangwa kugabanuka gukomeye kw'umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera. Niba urwaye umuriro, kuribwa mu muhogo, cyangwa gukomeretsa bidasanzwe, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya.

Gake cyane, abantu bamwe barwara indwara yitwa neutropenia, aho umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera ugabanuka cyane. Ibi bishobora kubaho cyane ku bantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko cyangwa indwara ziterwa n'umubiri wivumbura.

Ninde utagomba gufata Captopril?

Captopril ntirinzwe kuri buri wese, kandi abantu bamwe bagomba kwirinda uyu muti burundu. Niba utwite cyangwa ufite gahunda yo gutwita, ntugomba gufata captopril kuko ishobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye ku bana bakiri mu nda.

Ugomba kwirinda captopril niba waragize ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti ya ACE, cyane cyane niba waragize kubyimba mu maso, iminwa, cyangwa umuhogo. Ubu bwoko bwo kwivumbura bushobora guteza akaga iyo bibayeho.

Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z'impyiko bagomba kwitonda cyane bakoresha captopril. Niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'impyiko cyangwa uri kuri dialysis, muganga wawe azagomba kugukurikiranira hafi cyangwa ashobora guhitamo undi muti.

Dore izindi miterere aho captopril itakwemerwa:

• Amateka ya angioedema (kubyimba bikomeye) biturutse ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose
• Ibibazo bikomeye by'imitsi y'umutima (aortic cyangwa mitral stenosis)
• Umubare muto cyane w'amaraso (hypotension)
• Umuvuduko mwinshi wa potasiyumu mu maraso yawe
• Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'ubwirinzi zikora ku ngirangingo z'amaraso

Niba urwaye diyabete kandi ufata aliskiren (Tekturna), muri rusange ntugomba gufata captopril icyarimwe. Uku guhuza bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by'impyiko n'imihindukire iteye akaga mu mubare w'amaraso.

Abantu barwaye indwara y'umwijima cyangwa bafite amateka y'indwara z'amaraso bagomba kuganira kuri izi ndwara na muganga wabo mbere yo gutangira captopril, kuko bashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa byihariye cyangwa kuvurwa mu bundi buryo.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Captopril

Captopril iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubwoko, nubwo abantu benshi bafata verisiyo rusange. Izina rizwi cyane ni Capoten, ryari ubwoko bwambere igihe captopril yatangiraga kuboneka.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko arimo Acepril, Captoril, na Lopirin, nubwo kuboneka bitandukanye bitewe n'igihugu. Ahantu henshi, uzasanga captopril igurishwa gusa mu izina ryayo rusange, rifite akamaro kimwe n'ubwoko bw'amazina.

Niba ufata captopril y'ubwoko cyangwa rusange, ibikoresho bikora n'akamaro birasa. Verisiyo rusange mubisanzwe zihendutse cyane kandi zifite umutekano kimwe n'ubwoko bw'amazina y'umwimerere.

Uburyo bwa Captopril

Niba captopril itagukorera neza cyangwa ikagutera ibibazo, hari imiti myinshi ishobora kuvura indwara zimwe. Izindi miti yitwa ACE inhibitors nka lisinopril, enalapril, cyangwa ramipril ikora kimwe na captopril ariko ishobora kwihanganirwa neza n'abantu bamwe.

ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers) nka losartan, valsartan, cyangwa telmisartan itanga akamaro nk'aka ACE inhibitors ariko ikora ikoresheje uburyo butandukanye gato. Iyi miti ntishobora gutera umwuka mubi utera abantu bamwe bafata ACE inhibitors.

Ku bantu batashobora gufata ACE inhibitors cyangwa ARBs, indi miti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso irimo calcium channel blockers (nka amlodipine), beta-blockers (nka metoprolol), cyangwa diuretics (nka hydrochlorothiazide). Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza bushobora gukora neza ku miterere yawe.

Rimwe na rimwe, abaganga bandika imiti ivanze irimo captopril hamwe n'indi miti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso. Izi mvange ziroroshye kandi rimwe na rimwe zikora neza kurusha gufata ibinini byinshi bitandukanye.

Ese Captopril iruta Lisinopril?

Captopril na lisinopril ni imiti ya ACE inhibitors ikora neza, ariko ifite itandukaniro rishobora gutuma imwe ikwira neza ibyo ukeneye. Lisinopril ifatwa rimwe ku munsi, naho captopril ifatwa inshuro 2-3 ku munsi, ibyo bituma lisinopril yorohereza abantu benshi.

Captopril imaze igihe kinini kandi ifite ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwemeza umutekano wayo n'ubushobozi bwayo. Ikurwaho mu mubiri wawe vuba kurusha lisinopril, ibyo bishobora kugira akamaro niba ubonye ingaruka cyangwa ukeneye guhagarika umuti.

Mu bijyanye n'ubushobozi, imiti yombi ikora neza mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso no kurengera umutima wawe. Guhitamo hagati yayo akenshi biterwa n'ibintu nk'uburyo bwo gufata imiti, igiciro, n'uburyo wihanganira buri muti.

Abaganga bamwe bakunda captopril mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, nk'igihe gihise gato umutima umaze guhagarara, kuko igihe gito ikora gituma bigenda neza. Abandi bakunda lisinopril kugira ngo bacunge umuvuduko w'amaraso igihe kirekire kubera ko ifatwa rimwe ku munsi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Captopril

Ese Captopril irakwiriye ku barwayi b'indwara z'impyiko?

Captopril ishobora gufasha kurengera impyiko zawe mu ntangiriro z'indwara z'impyiko, cyane cyane niba urwaye diyabete. Ariko, niba urwaye indwara z'impyiko zigeze kure, captopril ikoreshwa witonze cyane kandi muganga akagukurikiranira hafi.

Abantu bafite ibibazo byoroheje kugeza ku birenzeho by'impyiko akenshi bungukirwa na captopril kuko igabanya umuvuduko mu miyoboro y'amaraso y'impyiko kandi ishobora gutuma kwangirika kw'impyiko kudakomeza. Muganga wawe azajya akurikirana imikorere y'impyiko zawe buri gihe akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo yemeze ko umuti ukomeza kuba mwiza kuri wowe.

Ninkora iki niba nanyweye captopril nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyweye captopril nyinshi bitunguranye, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe ubumara ako kanya, cyane cyane niba wumva uribwa umutwe, ugira isereri, cyangwa utameze neza. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe umanuka cyane.

Mu gihe utegereje inama ya muganga, uryame hasi amaguru yawe azamuye kugira ngo bifashe mu kugumana amaraso mu bwonko bwawe. Ntukagerageze kuruka keretse ubisabwe n'abaganga.

Ninkora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa captopril?

Niba wirengagije urugero rwa captopril, rinywe ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira kigeze. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero wirengagije ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero wirengagije, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe umanuka cyane. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe umuteguro w'imiti kugira ngo ugufashe gukurikiza gahunda.

Nshobora kureka kunywa captopril ryari?

Ugomba guhagarika gufata captopril ari uko muganga wawe abigushishije, kuko guhagarika ako kanya bishobora gutera umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya igihe n'uburyo bwo guhagarika imiti mu buryo bwizewe niba bikwiye.

Ku bantu benshi bafite umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaraso cyangwa urugimbu rw'umutima, captopril ni imiti ifatwa igihe kirekire. Ariko, niba uburwayi bwawe bwiyongera cyane cyangwa niba ubonye ingaruka zikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kwimukira ku yindi miti cyangwa guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa captopril?

Muri rusange birashoboka kunywa inzoga rimwe na rimwe ukoresha captopril, ariko ugomba kwitonda ku kunywa nyinshi. Inzoga irashobora kongera ingaruka zo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso wa captopril, bishobora gutera isereri cyangwa kuruka.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga, bikore mu rugero ruto kandi witondere uko wumva. Tangira n'utuntu duto kugirango urebe uko umubiri wawe witwara, kandi buri gihe ujye ufata ibiryo iyo unywa kugirango bifashe kugabanya ingaruka ku muvuduko wawe w'amaraso.