Ibyerekeye Corticosteroid (Uburyo bwo kunywa/Uburyo bwo gutera urushinge): Ibyo ikoreshwa, Uburyo bwo kuyifata, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Corticosteroids ni imiti ikomeye irwanya ububyimbirwe yigana cortisol, umusemburo umubiri wawe ukora mu buryo busanzwe mu ngingo zikora imisemburo ya adrenal. Iyo ifashwe mu kanwa (uburyo bwo kunywa) cyangwa binyuze mu nshinge (uburyo bwo gutera urushinge), iyi miti irashobora kugabanya ububyimbirwe neza no gukumira urwego rw'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe iyo burenze urugero. Iyi miti yandikirwa indwara nyinshi, kuva ku ngaruka zikomeye ziterwa n'uburwayi bw'umubiri kugeza ku ndwara ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri, kandi nubwo zishobora gufasha cyane, zisaba gukurikiranwa neza no guhindura urugero rwo kuyifata buhoro buhoro.

Corticosteroid ni iki?

Corticosteroids ni ubwoko bwa cortisol bukorerwa mu buryo bwa gihanga, akenshi yitwa "umusemburo w'umunaniro" ukorwa mu buryo busanzwe n'ingingo zikora imisemburo ya adrenal. Umubiri wawe ukoresha cortisol mu kugenzura ububyimbirwe, kugenzura isukari mu maraso, no kugufasha gusubiza amaso inyuma ku munaniro.

Iyo ufata corticosteroids nk'umuti, zikora neza cyane kurusha cortisol y'umubiri wawe. Zitekereze nk'uko zifasha urwego rw'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe kurwanya ububyimbirwe iyo bikeneye ubufasha bwihariye mu kurwanya ububyimbirwe bukomeye cyangwa gutuza urwego rw'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri burenze urugero.

Uburyo bwo kunywa bisobanura gufata iyi miti mu kanwa nk'ibinini, ibinini, cyangwa amazi. Uburyo bwo gutera urushinge bukubiyemo inshinge zitangwa mu maraso yawe, imitsi, cyangwa mu ngingo, bituma umuti ukora vuba kandi rimwe na rimwe neza kurusha ubwoko bwo kunywa.

Corticosteroid ikoreshwa mu iki?

Corticosteroids ivura indwara aho urwego rw'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe rwahindutse ikibazo cyangwa iyo urwego rw'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe rukeneye guhagarikwa by'agateganyo. Iyi miti irashobora kurokora ubuzima mu bihe byinshi by'ubuvuzi bukomeye.

Dore indwara zikomeye aho corticosteroids zigaragaza ko zigira akamaro gakomeye:

• Uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwibasirwa n'ibintu: Harimo anaphylaxis, ibitero bikomeye bya asima, n'uburwayi bwo kwibasirwa n'imiti
• Uburwayi bwo kwibasirwa n'uturemangingo twawe bwite: Nka rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, n'uburwayi bwo mu mara butuma umubiri ubyimba
• Uburwayi bwo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero: Harimo asima ikomeye, indwara y'umwuka mubi ihoraho (COPD), na nyumoniya
• Uburwayi bwo ku ruhu: Nka eczema ikomeye, psoriasis, na dermatitis yo kwibasirwa n'ibintu
• Uburwayi butuma umubiri ubyimba: Harimo bursitis, tendonitis, no kubyimba kw'ingingo
• Uburwayi bwo mu bwonko: Nka multiple sclerosis na zimwe mu ngero z'ibihungabana

Mu buryo butajegajega, abaganga bandika imiti ya corticosteroid ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe za kanseri, gukumira kwangwa kw'ingingo zatewe, n'indwara zikomeye aho kubyimba byangiza imikorere y'ingingo. Muganga wawe azagereranya neza inyungu n'ibishobora guteza ingaruka iyo ateganya iyi miti ku kibazo cyawe cyihariye.

Corticosteroid ikora ite?

Corticosteroids zifatwa nk'imiti yo hagati cyangwa ikomeye ikora yigana kandi ikongerera imikorere y'umubiri wawe yo kurwanya kubyimba. Ntabwo ari imiti ikomeye cyane iboneka, ariko rwose irakomeye kurusha imiti irwanya kubyimba itangwa nta cyangombwa.

Iyi miti ikora yifatanya n'uturemangingo twihariye imbere mu turemangingo twawe, mu buryo bw'ingenzi ihereza uturemangingo twawe amabwiriza mashya yerekeye uburyo bwo gusubiza kubyimba. Babwira urugero rwawe rw'umubiri rwo kwirinda no kugabanya itunganywa ry'ibintu bituma umubiri ubyimba bitera kubyimba, kuribwa, no kwangirika kw'imyanya.

Imbaraga za corticosteroids ziragendera ku bwoko bwihariye n'urugero. Zimwe, nka prednisone, zifatwa nk'izikomeye ku rugero rwo hagati, mu gihe izindi nka dexamethasone zikomeye cyane. Muganga wawe azahitamo imbaraga zikwiye hashingiwe ku bukana bw'indwara yawe n'uburyo umubiri wawe witwara ku miti.

Nkwiriye Gufata Urukingo rwa Corticosteroid Nte?

Gufata imiti ya corticosteroid neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo igire akamaro kandi itagire ingaruka. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye, ariko hariho amabwiriza rusange akoreshwa ku bantu benshi.

Ku miti ya corticosteroid yo kunywa, uyifate hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amata kugira ngo urinde uruhu rwo mu gifu cyawe. Iyi miti irashobora kurakaza sisitemu yawe yo mu gifu, bityo kugira ikintu mu gifu cyawe bifasha kwirinda isesemi no kuribwa mu gifu. Ikirahure cy'amata cyangwa ifunguro rito birakora neza.

Fata urugero rwawe mu gitondo igihe bishoboka, byaba byiza hagati ya saa sita na saa mbili za mu gitondo. Iki gihe gihura n'uburyo umubiri wawe ukora cortisol kandi birashobora gufasha kugabanya imbogamizi zo gusinzira. Niba ufata urugero rwinshi buri munsi, zikwirakwize kimwe kumunsi nkuko muganga wawe abitegeka.

Ku miti ya corticosteroid yo guterwa (urushinge), ibi bikunze gutangwa n'abashinzwe ubuzima mu bigo by'ubuvuzi. Aho urushinge ruterwa n'uburyo biterwa biterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye - birashobora kuba mu mikaya, imitsi, cyangwa mu ngingo zifite ingaruka.

Nkwiriye Gufata Urukingo rwa Corticosteroid Igihe Kingana Gite?

Igihe cyo kuvura na corticosteroid biratandukanye cyane bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe n'uburyo umubiri wawe witwara. Gukoresha igihe gito mubisanzwe bimara iminsi mike kugeza ku byumweru bike, mugihe ibibazo bimwe by'igihe kirekire bishobora gusaba igihe kirekire cyo kuvurwa.

Kubibazo bikaze nk'uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwanga cyangwa ibibazo bya asima, urashobora gufata imiti ya corticosteroid muminsi 3-7 gusa. Izi ngendo ngufi, akenshi zitwa "steroid bursts," zirashobora kugenzura vuba umubyimbirwe bitabangamiye ingaruka zigihe kirekire.

Ibibazo by'igihe kirekire nk'indwara ya rheumatoid arthritis cyangwa indwara yo mu gifu irimo umubyimbirwe bishobora gusaba igihe kirekire cyo kuvurwa, rimwe na rimwe amezi cyangwa imyaka. Muribi bihe, muganga wawe azakoresha urugero ruto rukora neza kandi akugenzure neza kubera ingaruka ziterwa.

Ntugasize gukoresha imiti ya corticosteroid mu buryo butunguranye, cyane cyane niba umaze kuyikoresha mu gihe kirekire kirenze ibyumweru bike. Umubiri wawe ukeneye igihe cyo kongera kwisanisha no kongera gutangira gukora cortisol yawo. Muganga wawe azagushyiriraho gahunda yo kugabanya urugero rwa imiti buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara Byatewe na Corticosteroid?

Corticosteroid zishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, cyane cyane iyo zikoreshejwe igihe kirekire cyangwa mu rugero rwo hejuru. Kumva ibi bikorwa bishobora gutuma umenya icyo ugomba kwitaho n'igihe ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Ibikorwa bisanzwe bigaragara abantu benshi bahura nabyo birimo:

• Kongera irari ryo kurya no kongera ibiro: Ushobora kumva ufite inzara kurusha uko byari bisanzwe kandi ukabona ko ibiro byiyongera, cyane cyane ahagana hagati mu mubiri wawe
• Impinduka z'amarangamutima: Harimo imbaraga ziyongereye, umwuka wo kutagira umutuzo, guhangayika, cyangwa guhindagurika kw'amarangamutima
• Ibibazo byo gusinzira: Kugorana gusinzira cyangwa kuguma usinziriye, cyane cyane niba bifashwe nyuma y'umunsi
• Uburwayi bwo mu nda: Isesemi, kuribwa mu gituza, cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Isukari yiyongereye mu maraso: By'umwihariko ni ngombwa niba urwaye diyabete cyangwa mbere ya diyabete
• Ukubura guto: Cyane cyane mu ntoki zawe, ibirenge, cyangwa mu maso kubera kubika amazi

Iyo bikoreshejwe igihe kirekire, abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye zisaba gukurikiranwa hafi:

• Kugabanuka kw'amagufa (osteoporose): Kwiyongera kw'ibibazo byo kuvunika, cyane cyane mu mugongo no mu nkokora
• Kongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara: Sisitemu yawe y'ubudahangarwa ishobora kudashobora kurwanya indwara
• Umubyibuho ukabije w'amaraso: Gukurikiranwa buri gihe birahinduka ngombwa
• Kugabanuka kw'imbaraga z'imitsi: Cyane cyane mu maboko yawe no mu maguru
• Impinduka z'uruhu: Harimo gukomeretswa byoroshye, gukira ibikomere bitinda, n'ibimenyetso byo kurambuka kw'uruhu

Ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye zirimo guhinduka cyane kw'amarangamutima, ibibazo by'amaso, no gucogora kw'ingingo zikora imisemburo. Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba wumva udatuje cyane, utekereza kwigirira nabi, guhinduka kw'amaso mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ubwandu nk'umuriro cyangwa inkorora ihoraho.

Ninde Utagomba Gufata Corticosteroid?

Abantu bamwe na bamwe bagomba kwirinda gufata corticosteroid cyangwa bakazikoresha bitonze cyane. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kugushyiriraho imiti nk'iyi.

Ntugomba gufata corticosteroid niba ufite:

• Ubwoko bw'ubwandu bukora: Cyane cyane ubwandu bw'imvange, kuko corticosteroid zishobora gucogora ubudahangarwa bwawe no gutuma ubwandu burushaho gukomera
• Inkingo za virusi ziteganijwe: Tegereza kugeza urangije kuvurwa na corticosteroid
• Allergie izwi: Kuri corticosteroid runaka cyangwa ibintu byose biyigize

Koresha corticosteroid witonze niba ufite:

• Indwara ya diyabete: Iyi miti ishobora kuzamura cyane urugero rw'isukari mu maraso
• Umubyibuho ukabije: Corticosteroid zishobora kongera umuvuduko w'amaraso
• Osteoporose: Ibyago byo gucika intege kw'amagufa
• Glaucoma: Umuvuduko w'amaso uriyongera birashoboka
• Ibizu byo mu gifu: Ibyago byo kuva amaraso cyangwa gucukurwa
• Indwara zo mu mutwe: Harimo umubabaro, guhangayika, cyangwa indwara ya bipolar

Abagore batwite kandi bonka bagomba kwitabwaho by'umwihariko. Nubwo corticosteroid zishobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gutwita iyo inyungu ziruta ibyago, bisaba gukurikiranwa neza. Umuganga wawe azaganira ku buryo bwiza kuri wowe.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Corticosteroid

Imiti ya Corticosteroid iboneka mu mazina atandukanye y'ubwoko, bitewe n'umuti wihariye n'uburyo ukoreshwa. Kumenya aya mazina bifasha kumenya umuti wawe no gusobanukirwa icyo urimo gufata.

Amazina asanzwe y'imiti ya corticosteroid ifatirwa mu kanwa arimo:

• Prednisone: Deltasone, Rayos, Prednisone Intensol
• Prednisolone: Orapred, Prelone, Pediapred
• Methylprednisolone: Medrol, Medrol Dosepak
• Dexamethasone: Decadron, DexPak
• Hydrocortisone: Cortef

Imiti ya corticosteroid iterwa mu nshinge irimo Solu-Medrol (methylprednisolone), Solu-Cortef (hydrocortisone), na Decadron (dexamethasone). Iyi miti ikunze gutererwa mu bigo by'ubuvuzi kandi ishobora kugira amazina atandukanye y'ubwoko bitewe n'uwabikoze.

Uburyo bwo gusimbura imiti ya Corticosteroid

Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gusimbura imiti ya corticosteroid, bitewe n'indwara wihariye ufite. Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza kuri izi nzira niba imiti ya corticosteroid itagukwiriye cyangwa niba urimo kugira ingaruka zikomeye.

Imiti irwanya ububyimbirizi itari iya steroid (NSAIDs) nka ibuprofen, naproxen, na celecoxib ishobora gufasha mu kurwanya ububyimbirizi n'ububabare. Nubwo itagira imbaraga nyinshi nka corticosteroid, ishobora gufasha ku ndwara zoroheje cyangwa ziciriritse zifitanye isano n'ububyimbirizi.

Imiti ihindura indwara ya antirheumatic (DMARDs) nka methotrexate na sulfasalazine itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri mu gihe kirekire. Iyi miti ikora mu buryo butandukanye na corticosteroid ariko ishobora kugira akamaro kimwe mu ndwara zidakira zifitanye isano n'ububyimbirizi.

Imiti ya Biologic ihagarariye uburyo bushya bwo kuvura indwara nka rheumatoid arthritis n'indwara zifitanye isano n'urwungano rw'igifu. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bugamije ahantu hihariye bushobora kugira akamaro kanini ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kandi bikunze guhenda kurusha imiti ya gakondo.

Ese Corticosteroid iruta Prednisone?

Prednisone ni ubwoko bwa corticosteroid, bityo kugereranya corticosteroids na prednisone ni nko kugereranya imodoka na Honda – prednisone ni umwe mu muryango wa corticosteroid. Ikibazo nyacyo ni iyihe corticosteroid ikora neza ku kibazo cyawe cyihariye.

Prednisone akenshi ifatwa nk'“igipimo cya zahabu” cya corticosteroid yo kunywa kuko yizeho, ikora neza, kandi ifite ingaruka zitezwe. Ifite imbaraga ziringaniye kandi ikora neza ku bibazo byinshi by’uburwayi.

Izindi corticosteroids nka dexamethasone zirakomeye cyane ariko zimara igihe kirekire, zikaba zikwiriye ku bibazo bimwe na bimwe ariko zishobora gutera ingaruka zinyuranye. Prednisolone isa na prednisone ariko ishobora kwinjizwa neza mu bantu bafite ibibazo by’umwijima.

Muganga wawe azahitamo corticosteroid nziza cyane bitewe n’ikibazo cyawe cyihariye, uko ukeneye guhumurizwa vuba, igihe uzamara uvurwa, n’ibintu byawe byihariye by’ingaruka.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Ku Bya Corticosteroid

Ese Corticosteroid irakwiriye abarwayi ba diyabete?

Corticosteroids zishobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye diyabete, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza cyane kandi akenshi bigahindurwa ku miti ya diyabete. Iyi miti izamura cyane urugero rw'isukari mu maraso, bishobora guteza akaga ku bantu barwaye diyabete.

Muganga wawe ashobora gushaka gukurikirana isukari yo mu maraso yawe kenshi mugihe ukoresha corticosteroids. Ushobora gukenera guhindura imiti yawe ya diyabete by'agateganyo cyangwa ukagenzura isukari yo mu maraso yawe kenshi murugo. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera gutangira gukoresha insuline by'agateganyo, kabone n'iyo batayikoresha.

Inyungu zo kuvurwa na corticosteroid akenshi ziruta ibyago mu bibazo bikomeye, ndetse no ku bantu barwaye diyabete. Itsinda ryawe ryita ku buzima rizakorana nawe kugirango ucunge neza ikibazo cyawe cy'ibanze n'urugero rw'isukari yo mu maraso yawe mu buryo butekanye.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye corticosteroid nyinshi?

Niba wanyoye imiti ya corticosteroid nyinshi utabigambiriye, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane ku mutima wawe, umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'isukari mu maraso.

Ibimenyetso byo kunywa imiti ya corticosteroid nyinshi bishobora kuba kuruka cyane, kuribwa umutwe, isereri, umunaniro w'imitsi, cyangwa impinduka mu mutima. Ushobora kandi guhura n'impinduka zikabije mu myitwarire, urujijo, cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye.

Ntugerageze "gukosora" kunywa nyinshi wirinda kunywa urundi rugero. Ahubwo, kurikiza amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe kugira ngo ugaruke ku gihe cyo kunywa imiti gisanzwe. Bika imiti yawe mu gikoresho cyanditseho neza kandi ushobora gukoresha igikoresho cyo gutegura imiti kugira ngo wirinde kwibeshya mu gihe kizaza.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe urugero rwa corticosteroid?

Niba waciwe urugero rwa corticosteroid, nywa ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyo kunywa urugero rukurikira kigeze. Mur'icyo gihe, irengagiza urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe – ntukongereho urugero.

Kutanywa imiti rimwe na rimwe mubisanzwe ntibigira akaga, ariko gerageza kugira ubumwe kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo byiza. Niba ufata imiti ya corticosteroid kubera indwara ikomeye nka asima ikomeye cyangwa indwara y'ubwirinzi, kutanywa imiti bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bigaruka.

Shyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe igikoresho cyo gutegura imiti kugira ngo wibuke imiti yawe. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa imiti, vugana n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kunoza imikorere cyangwa niba gahunda yo kunywa imiti itandukanye yakugirira akamaro.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari kunywa corticosteroid?

Ntuzigere uhagarika kunywa imiti ya corticosteroid ako kanya utabiherewe uburenganzira n'umuganga wawe, cyane cyane niba umaze kuyinywa mu byumweru birenga bike. Umubiri wawe ukeneye igihe cyo kongera kwisanisha no gutangira kongera gukora cortisol yayo.

Muganga wawe azakora gahunda yo kugabanya umuti buhoro buhoro, igabanya urugero rwawo mu minsi, mu byumweru, cyangwa ndetse no mu mezi, bitewe n'igihe umaze ufata uwo muti n'uburyo umubiri wawe ubyakira. Ibi birinda ibimenyetso byo kuva ku muti kandi bigatuma imitsi yawe ikora neza.

Ibimenyetso byerekana ko ushobora kuba witeguye guhagarika harimo ibimenyetso bigenzurwa, ubuzima buhamye, no kurangiza neza gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi. Muganga wawe azagenzura uko urimo utera imbere kandi ahindure gahunda yo kugabanya urugero rw'umuti bitewe n'uko urimo witwara ku rugero rwagabanijwe.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndimo mfata Corticosteroid?

Muri rusange, ni byiza kugabanya cyangwa kwirinda inzoga mugihe ufata corticosteroids. Zombi, inzoga na corticosteroids, birashobora kurakaza urukuta rw'igifu cyawe, bikongera ibyago byo kurwara ibisebe byo mu gifu no kuva amaraso iyo byombi byavanzwe.

Inzoga kandi irashobora gutuma ibindi bimenyetso byo ku ruhande bya corticosteroid birushaho kuba bibi, harimo impinduka z'amarangamutima, ibibazo byo gusinzira, no guhindagurika kw'isukari mu maraso. Niba urwaye diyabete, inzoga irashobora gutuma kugenzura isukari mu maraso birushaho kugorana mugihe ufata corticosteroids.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga, bikore mu rugero ruto kandi buri gihe ufite ibiryo. Ganira ku mikoreshereze yawe y'inzoga na muganga wawe, kuko ashobora kugusaba kuzireka rwose bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'indi miti urimo ufata.