Icyo Dabrafenib ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Dabrafenib ni umuti uvura kanseri ugamije guhagarika proteyine zidasanzwe zikunda guteza ubwoko bumwe bwa melanoma na kanseri y'umuhogo. Tekereza nk'igikoresho cy'ubuhanga gihagarika ibimenyetso bibwira selile za kanseri gukura no kwiyongera mu buryo butagira umupaka.

Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cyitwa BRAF inhibitors, bivuze ko ugamije guhagarika ihinduka ryihariye rya genetike riboneka muri kimwe cya kabiri cya melanoma zose. Iyo ufite iri hinduka ryihariye, dabrafenib irashobora kugira akamaro gakomeye mu kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika ikwirakwira rya kanseri.

Dabrafenib ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Dabrafenib ivura melanoma na kanseri y'umuhogo ya anaplastic ifite ihinduka ryihariye rya genetike ryitwa BRAF V600E cyangwa V600K mutation. Muganga wawe azagerageza igihe cyo gukora kanseri yawe kugirango yemeze ko ufite iri hinduka mbere yo gutanga dabrafenib.

Kuri melanoma, dabrafenib ikora kuri zombi zateye imbere zikwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe na melanoma yo mu ntangiriro nyuma yo kubagwa. Muri kanseri y'umuhogo, ikoreshwa iyo kanseri yateye imbere kandi itashoboye gusubiza mu buryo bwiza ku kuvurwa na iodine ya radiyo.

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga bandika dabrafenib hamwe n'undi muti witwa trametinib. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza bushobora kugira akamaro kurusha gukoresha umuti umwe, bituma umubiri wawe ugira amahirwe yo kurwanya kanseri.

Dabrafenib ikora ite?

Dabrafenib ikora ihagarika proteyine yitwa BRAF yagiye mu selile za kanseri yawe. Iyo iyi proteyine yahindutse, itanga ibimenyetso bihoraho byo "gukura no kugabanya" kuri selile za kanseri, bigatuma ibibyimba byiyongera vuba.

Muguhagarika ibi bimenyetso byangiritse, dabrafenib mu buryo bworoshye ishyira feri ku mikurire ya selile ya kanseri. Ubu buryo bugamije bivuze ko umuti wibanda cyane ku selile za kanseri mugihe usiga selile zawe zifite ubuzima bwiza.

Mugihe imiti igamije gukiza irimo, dabrafenib ifatwa nk'imiti ikomeye cyane kubantu bafite impinduka zikwiye za genetike. Ariko, si umuti wa chemotherapy, bityo ikora mu buryo butandukanye n'ubuvuzi busanzwe bwa kanseri ushobora kuba uzi.

Nkwiriye Gufata Dabrafenib Nte?

Fata ibinini bya dabrafenib kabiri ku munsi, mu masaha nka 12 atandukanye, ku gifu cyambaye ubusa. Ibi bivuze kubifata byibuze isaha imwe mbere yo kurya cyangwa amasaha abiri nyuma y'ifunguro ryawe rya nyuma.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'amazi - ntugafungure, uvunagure, cyangwa uhekenye. Umuti ugomba kwinjizwa neza, kandi kuvunagura ibinini bishobora kubuza umubiri wawe gukora umuti.

Gerageza gufata imiti yawe mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego ruzigama mu maraso yawe. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha gushyiraho alarme za terefone nk'urwibutso, cyane cyane mu byumweru bike byambere by'ubuvuzi.

Irinde gufata dabrafenib hamwe n'umutobe wa pome cyangwa pome, kuko iki giti gishobora kongera urwego rw'imiti mu maraso yawe ku bwinshi bushobora guteza akaga.

Nkwiriye Gufata Dabrafenib Igihe Kingana Gite?

Ubusanzwe uzakomeza gufata dabrafenib igihe cyose ikora neza kandi uyihanganira neza. Ibi bishobora kuvuga amezi cyangwa imyaka y'ubuvuzi, bitewe n'uko kanseri yawe yitwara.

Muganga wawe azagenzura iterambere ryawe binyuze mu masomo asanzwe no gupima amaraso, mubisanzwe buri mezi make. Niba kanseri itangiye kongera cyangwa ingaruka zikaba zikomeye cyane, gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi ishobora gukenera guhindurwa.

Abantu bamwe bagira ubushake bwo kurwanya dabrafenib uko igihe kigenda, ibyo bikaba bibaho cyane hamwe n'imiti igamije. Iyo ibi bibaye, umuganga wawe w'indwara z'umubiri azaganira ku buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gukora neza kubibazo byawe.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Y'ingaruka za Dabrafenib?

Kimwe n'imiti myinshi ivura kanseri, dabrafenib ishobora gutera ingaruka zinyuranye, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara zishobora gucungwa neza n'ubufasha bukwiye no gukurikiranwa n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima.

Dore ingaruka zishobora kugaragara cyane:

• Urubore n'ubukonje, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba bikomeye
• Umunaniro n'intege nke
• Umutwe
• Urubavu n'ububabare bw'imitsi
• Isesemi no kugabanya ubushake bwo kurya
• Uruhu rurashya cyangwa rwakama
• Umururumba w'umusatsi cyangwa impinduka z'imiterere yawo

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe zikunze gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti, akenshi mu byumweru bike bya mbere by'ubuvuzi.

Hariho kandi ingaruka zimwe zitagaragara cyane ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga:

• Urubore rwinshi (rurenze 101.3°F) hamwe n'ubukonje buvugisha
• Uruhu rukomeye cyangwa imikurire mishya y'uruhu
• Impinduka mu mbono cyangwa ibibazo by'amaso
• Impinduka z'umutima cyangwa kubabara mu gituza
• Ukuva amaraso cyane cyangwa gukomeretsa bidasanzwe
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima nk'uruhu rw'umuhondo cyangwa inkari z'umukara

Nubwo izi ngaruka zikomeye zitagaragara kenshi, zishobora kwigaragaza igihe icyo aricyo cyose cy'ubuvuzi, bityo gukomeza kuba maso ku mpinduka uko wumva biba by'ingenzi.

Gahoro, dabrafenib ishobora gutera ubwoko bushya bwa kanseri y'uruhu, cyane cyane kanseri ya selile ya squamous. Muganga wawe azasuzuma uruhu rwawe buri gihe kandi ashobora kugusaba ko wajya kwisuzumisha uruhu buri mezi make.

Ninde utagomba gufata Dabrafenib?

Dabrafenib ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, ndetse no mu bantu bafite ihinduka ry'imikorere ya jeni ryiza. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata dabrafenib niba uyirwaye cyangwa ibindi biyigize. Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umutima nabo bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bundi, kuko dabrafenib ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Gusama inda bisaba kwitondera cyane, kuko dabrafenib ishobora gukomeretsa abana bakiri mu nda. Niba utwite, ufite gahunda yo gutwita, cyangwa uri konjesha, ganira na muganga wawe w’indwara z’umwijima ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvurwa butagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe.

Abantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye by’umwijima cyangwa impyiko bashobora gukenera guhindurirwa urugero rw’imiti bafata cyangwa bagahabwa imiti itandukanye rwose. Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y’ingingo zawe akoresheje ibizamini by’amaraso mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa.

Amazina y’ubwoko bwa Dabrafenib

Dabrafenib igurishwa ku izina ry’ubwoko rya Tafinlar mu bihugu byinshi, harimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, Kanada, no mu Burayi hose. Iri ni ryo zina uzabona ku icupa ry’umuti wawe no ku ipaki y’umuti.

Ibihugu bimwe bishobora kugira amazina y’ubwoko atandukanye cyangwa ubwoko bwa generic buriho. Buri gihe jya wemeza na farumasi ko urimo guhabwa umuti ukwiye, cyane cyane iyo uri mu rugendo cyangwa wandikisha imiti ahantu hatandukanye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura busimbura Dabrafenib

Uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bugamije ibintu runaka bukora kimwe na dabrafenib ku kanseri ya BRAF yahindutse. Vemurafenib (Zelboraf) ni ikindi kintu gihagarika BRAF gikora hakoreshejwe uburyo bumwe ariko gishobora kugira ingaruka zitandukanye.

Ku bantu batabasha kwihanganira ibintu biharika BRAF, imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zifitanye isano n’ubudahangarwa nk’iyo bita pembrolizumab (Keytruda) cyangwa nivolumab (Opdivo) itanga uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura melanoma. Iyi miti ikora mu kongera ubushobozi bw’umubiri bwo kurwanya selile za kanseri.

Uburyo bwo kuvura buhuriweho buragenda bwiyongera, aho dabrafenib hamwe na trametinib ari bumwe mu buryo bwakoreweho ubushakashatsi kandi bukaba bufite akamaro. Muganga wawe w’indwara z’umwijima azagufasha kumenya uburyo bukwiye ku miterere yawe yihariye.

Ese Dabrafenib iruta Vemurafenib?

Dabrafenib na vemurafenib ni ibintu biharika BRAF bifite akamaro bifite urugero rumwe rwo gutsinda mu kuvura melanoma ya BRAF yahindutse. Guhitamo hagati yabyo akenshi biterwa n’ibintu by’umuntu ku giti cye nk’uburyo yihanganira ingaruka ziterwa n’imiti n’indi miti urimo gufata.

Dabrafenib ishobora gutera ingaruka nke zijyanye n'uruhu ugereranije na vemurafenib, bishobora gutuma uruhu rw'abantu bamwe rukunda cyane izuba. Ariko, dabrafenib ikunda gutera umuriro kenshi kurusha vemurafenib.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku buzima bwawe muri rusange, imibereho yawe, n'intego z'ubuvuzi mugihe uhitamo hagati y'iyi miti. Zombi zirashobora guhuzwa n'ibiyobyabwenge bya MEK kugirango bikore neza, nubwo imiterere yihariye itandukanye.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Dabrafenib

Ese Dabrafenib irinzwe ku bantu barwaye indwara z'umutima?

Dabrafenib irashobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima mu bantu bamwe, bityo abafite indwara z'umutima basanzwe bakeneye gukurikiranwa neza. Umuganga wawe w'umutima n'umuganga w'indwara z'umutima bazakorana kugirango bamenye niba dabrafenib ikwiranye nawe.

Mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa, birashoboka ko uzakenera electrocardiogram (ECG) kugirango urebe imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe. Gukurikiranwa buri gihe mugihe cyose cy'ubuvuzi bifasha gufata impinduka zose hakiri kare, mugihe zivurwa cyane.

Nigute nzakora niba nanyweye dabrafenib nyinshi bitunguranye?

Vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe gukumira uburozi ako kanya niba wanyweye dabrafenib nyinshi kuruta uko byategetswe. Kunywa doze zinyongera ntizizatuma umuti ukora neza kandi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye.

Ntugerageze kwikorera kuruka keretse niba ubitegetswe n'umuganga. Bika icupa ry'imiti yawe hafi mugihe uhamagaye ubufasha, kuko abaganga bazashaka kumenya neza urugero wanyoye n'igihe.

Nigute nzakora niba nciwe doze ya dabrafenib?

Niba waciwe doze kandi hashize amasaha atarenga 6 kuva igihe cyagenwe, yifate ako kanya wibuka. Niba hashize amasaha arenga 6, reka doze yaciwe hanyuma ufate doze yawe ikurikira yagenwe.

Ntugasubiremo imiti ngo ugire ngo urihimura ku yo wibagiwe. Ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi zitari ngombwa. Shyiraho ibyibutsa kuri terefone yawe cyangwa ukoreshe agasanduku kabugenewe kugirango bigufashe gukurikirana neza.

Ni ryari nshobora guhagarika gufata Dabrafenib?

Hagarika gufata dabrafenib gusa mugihe umuganga wawe wihariye abikubwiye. N'ubwo waba wumva umeze neza, umuti ushobora kuba ugikora kugirango ugenzure kanseri mu buryo butagaragara.

Umuvuzi wawe azahitamo igihe cyo guhagarika bishingiye ku ngaruka z'ibizamini, ibizamini by'amaraso, n'uburyo wihanganira umuti. Guhagarika kare bishobora gutuma kanseri yongera gukura, n'ubwo wumva umeze neza rwose.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndimo gufata Dabrafenib?

Kunywa inzoga mu rugero ruto muri rusange birakwiriye mugihe ufata dabrafenib, ariko ni byiza kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe mbere. Inzoga rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutuma ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zirushaho kuba mbi nka isesemi cyangwa umunaniro.

Niba uhisemo kunywa, menya uko inzoga zigira ingaruka kuri wowe mugihe ufata dabrafenib. Abantu bamwe basanga bafite ubwenge bwinshi ku ngaruka z'inzoga mugihe cyo kuvurwa kanseri, bityo gutangira n'ubwinshi buto ni ubwenge.