Icyo Daclatasvir aricyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Daclatasvir ni umuti urwanya virusi wateguwe by'umwihariko kuvura indwara ya hepatite C, indwara iterwa na virusi yibasira umwijima wawe. Uyu muti wandikirwa na muganga ugwa mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa imiti ikora ku buryo bweruye, ikora ibyo ikingira virusi kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe. Nubwo daclatasvir yakoreshwaga cyane hamwe n'indi miti ivura hepatite C, ubu hari ubundi buryo bushya bwo kuvura bwasimbuye cyane uyu muti mu buryo bwo kuvura bwa none.

Daclatasvir ni iki?

Daclatasvir ni umuti urwanya virusi ugamije kurwanya virusi ya hepatite C (HCV) mu kubuza poroteyine yihariye virusi ikeneye kugira ngo yororoke. Tekereza nk'urufunguzo rubuza imwe mu mirimo y'ingenzi ya virusi, ikabuza kwikorera kopi zayo mu ngirangingo z'umwijima wawe.

Uyu muti watejwe imbere nk'igice cy'impinduka mu kuvura hepatite C yimuka ku buryo bwo kuvura bwa kera bukomeye. Daclatasvir yibanda by'umwihariko kuri poroteyine ya NS5A, ikaba ari ingenzi ku bushobozi bwa virusi bwo kwikorera no gushyira hamwe ibice bishya bya virusi.

Uyu muti ukoreshwa buri gihe hamwe n'indi miti ivura hepatite C kuko gukoresha imiti myinshi hamwe bifite akamaro kanini kuruta gukoresha umuti umwe gusa. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza bufasha kumenya ko virusi itagira ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubuvuzi.

Daclatasvir ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Daclatasvir ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya hepatite C idakira mu bantu bakuru. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira uyu muti niba ufite ubwoko runaka bwa hepatite C, cyane cyane ubwoko bwa 3, nubwo bushobora kugira akamaro ku zindi moko.

Uyu muti akenshi usabwa ku bantu bataravurwa hepatite C mbere, kimwe n'abagerageje ubundi buvuzi butagize icyo bugeraho. Ikoreshwa kandi ku barwayi bafite umwijima wuzuye ibibara (scarring) biterwa na hepatite C, nubwo ibi bisaba gukurikiranwa neza.

Mu bindi bihe, abaganga bandikira abarwayi daclatasvir bafite indwara ya hepatite C na virusi itera SIDA (VIH). Ubuvuzi buhuriweho bufasha gucunga ibibazo byombi icyarimwe mugihe kigabanya ibyago byo guhura kwimiti.

Daclatasvir ikora ite?

Daclatasvir ikora yibanda kandi igakumira poroteyine ya NS5A, virusi ya hepatite C ikeneye kugirango yororoke kandi ikwire mu mwijima wawe. Iyo iyi poroteyine yabuze, virusi ntishobora kurangiza ubuzima bwayo hanyuma ikazima.

Uyu muti ufatwa nkufite imbaraga ziringaniye wenyine, niyo mpamvu ahora avangwa nindi miti irwanya virusi. Ubuvuzi buhuriweho butanga uburyo bukomeye bwo kurwanya virusi kuva impande nyinshi, bigatuma bidashoboka ko virusi ikomeza kubaho cyangwa ikagira ubudahangarwa.

Uyu muti ukora vuba, abarwayi benshi babona igabanuka rikomeye ryumubare wa virusi mu byumweru byambere byubuvuzi. Ariko, kurangiza uburyo bwose bwubuvuzi ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde ko virusi ivanwa burundu mumubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gufata daclatasvir nte?

Fata daclatasvir nkuko umuganga wawe abitegeka, akenshi rimwe kumunsi hamwe cyangwa hatariho ibiryo. Urutonde rusanzwe ni 60mg kumunsi, nubwo umuganga wawe ashobora kubihindura bitewe nindi miti urimo gufata cyangwa uburwayi bwawe bwihariye.

Ushobora gufata uyu muti hamwe n'amazi, amata, cyangwa umutobe, kandi ntacyo bitwaye niba uwufatiye hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa munda yumuntu itarimo ikintu. Ariko, gerageza kuwufata kumwanya umwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego rwo hejuru mumaraso yawe.

Niba urimo gufata indi miti, cyane cyane imiti imwe ya VIH, umuganga wawe ashobora kugabanya urugero rwa daclatasvir ukagera kuri 30mg buri munsi. Ntukigere uhindura urugero rwawe wenyine, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yubuvuzi.

Umunywe ikinini cyose utagikubaguye, utagishishuye, cyangwa ugicagaguye. Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini, ganira na muganga wawe ku bindi bisubizo cyangwa uburyo bwagufasha.

Nzamara igihe kingana iki mfata Daclatasvir?

Abantu benshi bafata daclatasvir mu byumweru 12 (hafi amezi 3) nk'igice cy'umugambi wabo wo kuvura hepatite C. Ariko, igihe uvurwa gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze, harimo n'ubwoko bwa hepatite C ufite niba ufite cirrhose.

Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera ibyumweru 24 byo kuvurwa, cyane cyane niba bafite indwara y'umwijima ikomeye cyangwa baragerageje izindi nshuro zo kuvura hepatite C mbere. Muganga wawe azagena igihe cyiza cyo kuvurwa bitewe n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima bwite na uko witwara ku miti.

Ni ngombwa kurangiza umuti wose, kabone n'iyo utangiye kumva umerewe neza cyangwa ibizamini byawe byerekana ko virusi itagaragara. Guhagarika umuti hakiri kare byongera cyane ibyago byuko virusi yagaruka kandi bishobora gutuma imiti yo mu gihe kizaza idakora neza.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Daclatasvir?

Abantu benshi bafata daclatasvir neza, ariko nk'imiti yose, ishobora gutera ingaruka. Inkuru nziza ni uko ingaruka zikomeye zitaba kenshi, kandi abantu benshi bashobora kurangiza umuti wabo nta bibazo bikomeye.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo mugihe ufata daclatasvir:

• Umutwe no kunanirwa
• Isesemi no kuruka rimwe na rimwe
• Impiswi cyangwa guhagarara kw'amara
• Urugero cyangwa kumva ureremba
• Kugorana gusinzira
• Uruhurirane ruto rw'uruhu cyangwa kwishima

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe zikunda gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti kandi ntizikunda gusaba guhagarika umuti.

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunda kubaho ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga. Izi zirimo:

• Uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwibasirwa n'umubiri bigaragarira mu guhumeka bigoranye cyangwa kubyimba
• Impinduka zidasanzwe mu mutima
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima nk'uruhu rw'umuhondo cyangwa inkari z'umukara
• Umuvumo ukabije cyangwa gutekereza kwikomeretsa
• Urugimbu rukomeye rudashobora gutuma umuntu afungura

Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ushake ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'ubuvuzi.

Ninde utagomba gufata Daclatasvir?

Daclatasvir ntibereye buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kukwandikira. Ntugomba gufata uyu muti niba ufite allergie kuri daclatasvir cyangwa ibindi birimo.

Uburwayi bumwe na bumwe busaba ko habanza gusuzumwa cyangwa bushobora kukubuza gufata daclatasvir mu buryo bwizewe. Ibi birimo:

• Uburwayi bukomeye bw'umwijima burenze hepatite C
• Uburwayi bumwe na bumwe bwo mu mutima
• Uburwayi bukomeye bw'impyiko busaba ko umuntu avurwa na dialyse
• Gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bikabije bishobora kubangamira imiti
• Gusama cyangwa guteganya gusama

Abantu bafata imiti imwe na rimwe bashobora no gukenera kwirinda daclatasvir cyangwa imiti yabo igahindurwa neza kugira ngo birinde guhura kwangiza.

Niba utwite cyangwa uri konka, ganira ku ngaruka n'inyungu n'umuganga wawe. Nubwo daclatasvir ubwayo idashobora kugirira nabi umwana ukura, akenshi ivangwa n'indi miti ishobora kuba ikibazo mugihe cyo gutwita.

Amazina ya Daclatasvir

Daclatasvir iboneka munsi y'izina ry'ubucuruzi rya Daklinza mu bihugu byinshi, harimo n'Amerika. Iri ni ryo zina ry'ubucuruzi rizwi cyane kuri uyu muti ku isi hose.

Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, ushobora kubona daclatasvir igurishwa munsi y'amazina atandukanye y'ubucuruzi cyangwa nk'igice cy'ibinini bivanga birimo indi miti ya hepatite C. Buri gihe genzura na farumasi yawe kugirango wemeze ko urimo kubona umuti ukwiye n'imbaraga zawo.

Ubundi bwoko bwa daclatasvir bushobora kuboneka mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, ibyo bikaba byafasha kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuvurwa. Ariko, buri gihe jya ukoresha ubwoko bwihariye cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwa daclatasvir umuganga wawe yagutegetse, kuko abakora imiti batandukanye bashobora kugira uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyikora.

Izindi miti isimbura Daclatasvir

Imiti mishya ivura indwara ya hepatite C imaze kuboneka, ishobora koroshya cyangwa igatanga umuti uruta uwo bakoreshaga wa daclatasvir. Izo zindi miti zirimo imiti ivanze irimo imiti myinshi mu gipimo kimwe, bigatuma kuvurwa byoroha.

Izindi miti isanzwe umuganga wawe ashobora gutekereza harimo:

• Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (Epclusa)
• Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (Mavyret)
• Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (Harvoni)
• Elbasvir/grazoprevir (Zepatier)

Iyo miti mishya akenshi igira ingaruka nke, igihe gito cyo kuvurwa, cyangwa igatanga umuti uruta uwo bakoreshaga wa daclatasvir.

Umuganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ashingiye ku bwoko bwihariye bwa hepatite C ufite, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, indi miti urimo gufata, n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze. Ikiguzi n'ubwishingizi na byo bishobora kugira uruhare mu guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura.

Ese Daclatasvir iruta Sofosbuvir?

Daclatasvir na sofosbuvir bikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi akenshi bikoreshwa byombi aho guhanganishwa nk'uburyo bwo kuvura. Sofosbuvir ikoma mu nkokora igice gitandukanye cy'ubuzima bwa virusi ya hepatite C, bituma iyo miti yombi yuzuzanya aho guhangana.

Iyo bikoreshejwe byombi, daclatasvir na sofosbuvir bitanga umuti ukomeye uvura hepatite C neza cyane. Uwo muti uvura abantu 90% cyangwa barenzeho, ibyo bikaba ari byiza cyane mu kuvura hepatite C.

Ariko, imiti mishya ivura ikoresha imiti myinshi mu kinini kimwe yagize uruhare runini kuko byoroshye kandi rimwe na rimwe bikagira akamaro kurusha. Ubu buryo bushya bushobora kuba uburyo bwiza ku barwayi benshi kurusha uruvange rwa daclatasvir-sofosbuvir.

Muganga wawe azagufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura bukwiye imiterere yawe, yita ku bintu nk'ubwoko bwa hepatite C ufite, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'ibyo ukunda mu kuvurwa.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa ku bijyanye na Daclatasvir

Q1. Ese Daclatasvir irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko?

Daclatasvir muri rusange irashobora gukoreshwa neza ku bantu bafite indwara zoroheje cyangwa ziciriritse z'impyiko, kuko impyiko ntizikuraho cyane uyu muti mu mubiri wawe. Ariko, abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko cyangwa abakoresha imiti ivura impyiko bakeneye gukurikiranwa neza kandi bashobora gukenera uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvurwa.

Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa kandi ashobora kubikurikirana mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Niba ufite ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose cy'impyiko, menyesha umuganga wawe kugira ngo ashobore guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa uko bikwiye.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye daclatasvir nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyweye daclatasvir nyinshi kurusha uko byategetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Nubwo kwiyongera gukabije bidakunze kubaho, kunywa nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima.

Ntugerageze gusubiza ibyo wanyoye urenzeho usiba urundi rugero rwawe. Ahubwo, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe yerekeye igihe cyo gusubira ku rugero rwawe rusanzwe. Bika amakuru y'igihe wanyweye urugero rurenzeho kugira ngo ufashishe umuganga wawe gusuzuma ibyago byose.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba ntasubiyeho urugero rwa daclatasvir?

Niba utasubiyeho urugero rwa daclatasvir, unywe ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muricyo gihe, siba urugero wasibye ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure doze wasibye, kuko ibyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zidakurikira. Niba usiba doze kenshi, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w'imiti kugira ngo bigufashe gukurikiza gahunda.

Q4. Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Daclatasvir?

Reka gufata daclatasvir gusa igihe muganga wawe abikubwiye, akenshi nyuma yo kurangiza umuti wose wategetswe. Abantu benshi barawufata mu byumweru 12 kugeza kuri 24, bitewe n'uko bimeze.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza uko urimo utera imbere akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso kandi azakumenyesha igihe byemewe kureka kuvurwa. Kureka kare cyane, nubwo wumva umeze neza, bishobora korohereza virusi ya hepatite C kugaruka kandi bishobora gutuma imiti yo mu gihe kizaza idakora neza.

Q5. Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa daclatasvir?

Ni byiza kwirinda inzoga rwose igihe ufata daclatasvir yo kuvura hepatite C. Inzoga zishobora kwangiza umwijima wawe, umaze guhura n'umuvumo wa hepatite C, kandi bishobora kubuza umubiri wawe gukira.

Byongeye kandi, inzoga zishobora gukomeza ingaruka zimwe na zimwe za daclatasvir, nk'isuka n'umunaniro. Umwijima wawe ukeneye kwibanda ku gukira indwara ya hepatite C, bityo kuwuhagarika mu gutunganya inzoga bizafasha mu gukira kwawe.