Icyo Dalfampridine ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo kuyifata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Dalfampridine ni umuti wagenewe gufasha abantu barwaye indwara ya multiple sclerosis (MS) kugenda neza no kwimuka byoroshye. Niwo muti wa mbere kandi wemewe na FDA ushobora kunoza ubushobozi bwo kugenda ku bantu bafite MS, ugatanga icyizere kubafite ibibazo byo kugenda.

Uyu muti ukora ukomeza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi mu nsinga zangiritse, ugufasha ubwonko bwawe kuvugana neza n'imitsi yawe. Tekereza nk'ukongera gusanura inzira zimwe zo kuvuganaho MS yateje akavuyo mu mikorere y'imitsi yawe.

Dalfampridine ni iki?

Dalfampridine ni umuti ufata mu kanwa wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa potassium channel blockers. Yagenewe by'umwihariko abantu barwaye multiple sclerosis bafite ingorane zo kugenda kubera uburwayi bwabo.

Uyu muti uza mu buryo bw'ibinini bifata igihe kirekire ufata kabiri ku munsi. Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko dalfampridine idakiza MS cyangwa ngo ihagarike ikwirakwira ry'uburwayi. Ahubwo, yibanda ku kunoza ikimenyetso kimwe cyihariye abantu benshi barwaye MS bahura nacyo - ingorane zo kugenda.

Ushobora kandi kumva uyu muti witwa izina ry'ubucuruzi, Ampyra. Amazina yombi yerekeza ku muti umwe, bityo ntugire impungenge niba ubonye kimwe muri byo ku byanditswe byawe cyangwa mu biganiro by'ubuvuzi.

Dalfampridine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Dalfampridine yemerewe by'umwihariko kunoza ubushobozi bwo kugenda ku bantu bakuru barwaye multiple sclerosis. Niba ufite MS kandi ugasanga kugenda byagoye, bigenda gahoro, cyangwa bisaba imbaraga nyinshi kuruta mbere, uyu muti ushobora kugufasha.

Uyu muti ushobora gufasha abantu bafite ubwoko bwose bwa MS - niba ufite relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, cyangwa primary progressive forms z'uburwayi. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko ufite ingorane zo kugenda zifitanye isano na MS yawe.

Birakwiye kwitonderwa ko atari buri wese ufite MS uzungukirwa na dalfampridine. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hafi 35-40% by'abantu bayifata bagira iterambere rifatika mu rugendo rwabo n'ubushobozi bwabo. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya niba uri umukandida mwiza kuri ubu buvuzi.

Dalfampridine ikora ite?

Dalfampridine ikora ibuza imiyoboro ya potasiyumu mu mikoranire yawe, ibyo bikaba bifasha gukomeza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi binyura mu mikoranire yangiritse. Muri MS, ikingira ryo hirya y'imikorere (ryitwa myelin) ryangirika, bigatuma bitoroha ko ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bigenda neza.

Iyo ufata dalfampridine, bifasha ibi bimenyetso by'amashanyarazi byananiwe kugenda neza kuva mu bwonko bwawe kugera ku misitsi yawe. Iri koranabuhanga ryateye imbere rishobora guhinduka ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza, kwihuta mu rugendo, no gukomera kw'imitsi mu maguru yawe.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ufite ingaruka ziringaniye aho kuba umuti ukomeye. Nubwo ushobora gutanga inyungu zifatika kubantu bawitabiriye, iterambere risanzwe riringaniye ariko rikaba rikomeye bihagije kugirango ritange itandukaniro ryukuri mubuzima bwa buri munsi.

Nkwiriye gufata dalfampridine nte?

Dalfampridine ikwiriye gufatwa nkuko byategetswe na muganga wawe, akenshi kabiri kumunsi hafi yamasaha 12. Urutonde rusanzwe ni 10 mg kabiri kumunsi, kandi ntibigomba kurenga uru rugero kuko doze nyinshi zishobora kongera ibyago byo gufatwa.

Urashobora gufata dalfampridine hamwe cyangwa nta funguro, ariko gerageza kubikora buri gihe. Niba uhisemo kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo, bikore buri gihe, kandi niba ukunda kuyifata ku gifu cyubusa, guma muri urwo rugero.

Buri gihe umira ibinini byose - ntuzigeze ubikore, ubisye, cyangwa ubimenagure. Uburyo bwo kurekura buhoro buhoro bugenewe kurekura umuti buhoro buhoro umunsi wose, kandi gusenya ikinini birashobora gutuma umuti mwinshi urekurwa icyarimwe.

Fata imiti yawe mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo urinde urugero rwa imiti mu mubiri wawe. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha gushyiraho ibyibutso cyangwa gufata imiti yabo hamwe n'ibindi bikorwa bya buri munsi nk'ifunguro rya mugitondo n'ifunguro rya nimugoroba.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafashe Dalfampridine?

Igihe cyo kuvura na dalfampridine gitandukana ku muntu ku muntu kandi biterwa n'uko witwara neza ku muti. Muganga wawe azagusaba gukoresha umuti mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 2-4 kugira ngo urebe niba hari icyo uhindutse mu kugenda kwawe.

Niba ubonye inyungu zigaragara, urashobora gukomeza gufata dalfampridine igihe cyose bikiri ingirakamaro kandi ntugire ingaruka zikomeye. Abantu bamwe barayifata amezi cyangwa imyaka nk'igice cyo gucunga MS yabo.

Ariko, niba ntacyo ubonye gihinduka mu kugenda kwawe nyuma y'ibyumweru byinshi byo kuvurwa, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika umuti. Nta nyungu yo gukomeza dalfampridine niba itagufasha ku bimenyetso byawe.

Ibyo guhura na muganga wawe buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ukurikirane uko witwara ku muti kandi urebe niba hari ingaruka zose. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gusuzuma buri gihe niba umuti ukiri gutanga inyungu.

Ni Izihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Dalfampridine?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, dalfampridine irashobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uzibona. Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunze kuba zoroshye kandi zishobora gucungwa, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya icyo ugomba kwitondera.

Ingaruka zikunze kuvugwa cyane zirimo indwara z'inkari, kutabona ibitotsi, isereri, kubabara umutwe, isesemi, intege nke, kubabara umugongo, n'ibibazo byo kuringaniza. Ibi bimenyetso mubisanzwe biroroshye kandi birashobora gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo:

• Ubukana bwo mu nzira y'inkari
• Kugorana gusinzira cyangwa kutagira ibitotsi
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva umutwe utemba
• Kuribwa umutwe
• Urugimbu cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Kumva unaniwe cyangwa ufite intege nke
• Kuribwa umugongo
• Ibibazo byo kutagira uburinganire

Abantu benshi basanga izi ngaruka zishobora gucungwa, kandi akenshi zigenda zigabanuka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti.

Hariho kandi izindi ngaruka zitagaragara cyane ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Ikibazo gikomeye ni ibyago byo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo, ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa rwose kutarenza urugero rwategetswe.

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye izi ngaruka zikomeye:

• Gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Kuribwa cyane cyangwa guta umutwe
• Kugorana guhumeka
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi (umubiri wose urashya, kubyimba, kugorana guhumeka)
• Kuvurungana cyane cyangwa kutamenya aho uri

Izi ngaruka zikomeye ntizikunda kubaho iyo umuti ufashwe uko wategetswe, ariko ni ngombwa gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga ako kanya niba bibaye.

Ninde utagomba gufata Dalfampridine?

Dalfampridine ntirinzwe kuri buri wese, kandi hariho ibintu n'ibihe bimwe na bimwe uyu muti utagomba gukoreshwa. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo gutegeka uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata dalfampridine niba ufite ibibazo byo hagati kugeza ku bikomeye by'impyiko, kuko impyiko zawe zigomba gushobora gutunganya no gukuraho umuti neza. Abantu bafite amateka yo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo bagomba kandi kwirinda uyu muti kubera ibyago byiyongereye byo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo.

Dore ibintu by'ingenzi bituma dalfampridine idakwiriye:

• Indwara y'impyiko yo hagati kugeza ku ikomeye
• Amateka yo gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo cyangwa indwara y'igicuri
• Uburwayi kuri dalfampridine cyangwa ibindi birimo
• Ibibazo bikomeye by'umwijima
• Ubu uri gufata indi miti irimo dalfampridine

Muganga wawe azitondera no gutanga dalfampridine niba ushaje, kuko abantu bakuze bashobora kwumva cyane ingaruka z'uyu muti.

Ibitekerezo ku bijyanye no gutwita no konsa nabyo ni ingenzi. Nubwo hataraboneka ubushakashatsi buhagije bwo kuvuga neza niba dalfampridine iteza ibibazo mu gihe cyo gutwita, muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu zishoboka n'ibishobora kuba byabangamira niba utwite cyangwa ufite gahunda yo gutwita.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Dalfampridine

Dalfampridine izwi cyane ku izina ry'ubwoko bwayo rya Ampyra muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika. Iri ni ryo zina ry'ubwoko ry'umwimerere umuti wemerejweho bwa mbere na FDA.

Mu bindi bihugu, ushobora kubona dalfampridine igurishwa ku mazina y'ubwoko atandukanye, ariko ikintu gikora kiguma kimwe. Hariho kandi ubwoko bwa dalfampridine busanzwe bushobora kuboneka, nubwo bugomba guhura n'ibisabwa bikomeye nk'ubwoko bw'izina.

Niba wakira Ampyra y'ubwoko cyangwa ubwoko busanzwe bwa dalfampridine, umuti ugomba gukora kimwe. Umufarumasiti wawe ashobora gufasha gusobanura ubwoko wakira no gusubiza ibibazo byose bijyanye n'itandukaniro riri hagati y'ubwoko n'ubwoko busanzwe.

Uburyo bwa Dalfampridine

Kugeza ubu, dalfampridine ni wo muti wemerejwe na FDA wenyine wagenewe kunoza ubushobozi bwo kugenda ku bantu bafite MS. Ibi bituma idasanzwe mu miti ya MS, kuko indi miti myinshi yibanda ku gukumira gusubira inyuma cyangwa kugabanya iterambere ry'indwara.

Ariko, hariho ubundi buryo bushobora gufasha mu kugorana mu kugenda muri MS. Imyitozo ngororamubiri akenshi irasabwa hamwe cyangwa aho umuti, kuko ishobora gufasha kunoza imbaraga, uburinganire, no guhuza imikorere binyuze mu myitozo yagenewe.

Itsinda ryawe ryita ku buzima rishobora kandi gutanga ibikoresho byo kugenda nk'inkoni zo kugendera, abagendera, cyangwa ibikoresho byo gufasha mu kugenda. Imyitozo ngororamubiri ishobora gutanga ingamba zo kuzigama imbaraga no kugenda neza umunsi wawe wose.

Abantu bamwe babona akamaro mu buryo bwunganira nk'ubuvuzi bwo mu mazi, yoga ijyanye n'abantu bafite MS, cyangwa gahunda zidasanzwe zo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri zagenewe indwara zo mu bwonko. Ibi ntibisimbura dalfampridine mu buryo butaziguye, ariko bishobora kuba ibintu by'agaciro byongerwa ku gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi muri rusange.

Ese Dalfampridine iruta izindi miti ya MS?

Dalfampridine ikora ikintu gitandukanye n'imiti myinshi ya MS, bityo ntabwo ari ikibazo cyo kuba "myiza" ahubwo ni ukuvura ibice bitandukanye by'iyi ndwara. Imiti myinshi ya MS yibanda ku gukumira gusubira inyuma cyangwa kugabanya iterambere ry'indwara, mu gihe dalfampridine yibanda by'umwihariko ku ngorane zo kugenda.

Ushobora gufata dalfampridine hamwe n'izindi miti ya MS nk'ubuvuzi bugabanya indwara (DMTs) nka interferon beta, glatiramer acetate, cyangwa imiti mishya yo kunywa. Ibi bikorana aho guhangana.

Icyiza cya dalfampridine ni uko ari yo miti yonyine yagaragaye ko ituma ubushobozi bwo kugenda mu bantu bafite MS burushaho. Niba ingorane zo kugenda zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe, dalfampridine itanga uburyo bwihariye imiti yindi itatanga.

Muganga wawe azagufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo dalfampridine yashobora kujyana n'ubuvuzi bwawe bwa MS muri rusange niba bifite ishingiro hamwe n'indi miti ufata.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Dalfampridine

Ese Dalfampridine irakwiriye abantu bafite ibibazo by'umutima?

Dalfampridine irashobora gukoreshwa n'abantu bafite ibibazo by'umutima, ariko muganga wawe azashaka kukugenzura cyane. Iyi miti rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera impinduka mu mutima, nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho iyo ifashwe ku rugero rwanditswe.

Niba waragize ibibazo by'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora electrocardiogram (EKG) mbere yo gutangira gufata dalfampridine no gukurikiranwa buri gihe nyuma yaho. Wibuke kubwira muganga wawe ibijyanye n'uburwayi bw'umutima ubwo aribwo bwose, harimo umutima utera nabi, kunanirwa k'umutima, cyangwa ibitero by'umutima byabayeho.

Abantu benshi bafite ibibazo by'umutima bihamye bashobora gufata dalfampridine neza, ariko muganga wawe azagira icyemezo gishingiye ku mateka yawe y'ubuzima n'ubuzima bwawe ubu.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfata dalfampridine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba ufata dalfampridine nyinshi bitunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, gisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya. Gufata dalfampridine nyinshi cyane byongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara ibihungabanyo, bishobora kuba byateza akaga.

Hamagara muganga wawe, jya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi, cyangwa uhamagare umuntu ushinzwe uburozi ako kanya niba wafashe doze nyinshi kuruta uko byategetswe. Ntukegere ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bigaragara, kuko ibihungabanyo bishobora kubaho nta kuburira iyo urwego rwa dalfampridine ruzamutse cyane.

Kugirango wirinde gufata doze nyinshi bitunguranye, ntuzigere ufata doze zinyongera kugirango uzuze izacitse, kandi buri gihe genzura kabiri ko ufata umubare ukwiye. Tekereza gukoresha umuteguro w'ibinini kugirango bifashe gukurikirana doze zawe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe doze ya dalfampridine?

Niba ucikanwe na doze ya dalfampridine, yifate ako kanya wibuka, ariko gusa niba hasigaye amasaha arenga 6 mbere ya doze yawe iteganyijwe ikurikira. Niba hasigaye amasaha atageze kuri 6 mbere ya doze yawe ikurikira, reka iyo doze yacitse hanyuma ufate doze yawe ikurikira ku gihe gisanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata doze ebyiri icyarimwe cyangwa ufate imiti yinyongera kugirango uzuze doze yacitse. Ibi birashobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, cyane cyane ibihungabanyo.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa doze, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w'ibinini kugirango bifashe kuguma ku murongo. Gufata imiti buri gihe ni ngombwa kugirango urinde urwego rwa imiti mu mubiri wawe.

Nshobora kureka gufata dalfampridine ryari?

Urashobora guhagarika gufata dalfampridine igihe icyo aricyo cyose, kuko nta kaga ko kugira ibimenyetso byo kuva mu miti. Ariko, ibyiza byose mu kugenda bishobora gusubira uko byari bimeze mbere mu minsi mike uhagaritse imiti.

Abaganga benshi basaba kugerageza dalfampridine byibuze mu byumweru 2-4 mbere yo gufata icyemezo cyo gukomeza. Niba utabonye impinduka mu kugenda kwawe muri iki gihe, muganga wawe ashobora gusaba kuyihagarika.

Niba koko ubonye ibyiza ariko ushaka guhagarika gufata dalfampridine impamvu iyo ari yo yose, ganira ibi na muganga wawe. Bashobora kugufasha gupima ibyiza urimo kubona n'impungenge zose ushobora kugira ku gukomeza imiti.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka nkanwa dalfampridine?

Abantu benshi barashobora gutwara neza imodoka bafata dalfampridine, ariko ugomba kwitonda, cyane cyane iyo utangiye imiti. Dalfampridine irashobora gutera isereri, ibibazo byo kuringaniza, cyangwa izindi ngaruka zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara neza.

Tangira ureba uko imiti ikugiraho ingaruka mbere yo kwicara inyuma y'uruziga. Niba ubona isereri, urujijo, cyangwa ibibazo byo kuringaniza, irinde gutwara kugeza ibi bimenyetso bikize cyangwa bigashira.

Ganira na muganga wawe ku mutekano wo gutwara, cyane cyane niba ubona izindi ngaruka zishobora kubangamira ubushobozi bwawe bwo gukoresha imodoka neza. Umutekano wawe n'umutekano w'abandi bari mu muhanda ugomba guhora ari wo wa mbere.