Icyo Dalteparin ari cyo: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Dalteparin ni umuti ucisha amaraso ufasha kwirinda amaraso avurana ateza akaga mu mubiri wawe. Uyu muti ubarizwa mu itsinda ry'imiti yitwa heparine ifite uburemere buke, ikora igabanya ubushobozi bw'amaraso bwo kwegerana no gukora ibibumbe bishobora guhagarika imitsi y'ingenzi y'amaraso.

Uyu muti utangwa mu nshinge munsi y'uruhu, akenshi mu gice cy'inda cyangwa mu itako. Muganga wawe ashobora kugutera dalteparin niba ufite ibyago byo kuvurana kw'amaraso bitewe n'ibibazo byo kubagwa, kuruhuka igihe kirekire, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe.

Dalteparin ikoreshwa mu iki?

Dalteparin igufasha kwirinda amaraso avurana ashobora guteza akaga. Muganga wawe agutera uyu muti iyo umubiri wawe ukeneye uburinzi bwihariye ku bibumbe by'amaraso bikorwa mu miyoboro yawe y'amaraso.

Ibyo bikorwa bikunze gukenerwa dalteparin birimo kwirinda ibibumbe by'amaraso nyuma yo kubagwa gukomeye, cyane cyane gusimbuza urugingo rw'ikibuno cyangwa ivi. Muri ibyo bikorwa, sisitemu kamere y'umubiri wawe yo kuvurana ishobora rimwe na rimwe gukora neza cyane, igakora ibibumbe aho bitagomba kuba.

Reka turebe ibibazo byihariye aho dalteparin itanga uburinzi bw'ingenzi:

• Gukumira ibibumbe by'amaraso nyuma yo kubagwa kw'amagufwa nka gusimbuza ikibuno cyangwa ivi
• Gukumira ibibumbe by'amaraso ku bantu barwaye baruhuka igihe kirekire
• Ubuvuzi bwa thrombosis yimitsi yimbitse (amaraso avurana mu mitsi yo ku kuguru)
• Gukumira ibibumbe by'amaraso ku bantu bafite ubwoko bw'umutima runaka
• Ubuvuzi bwa pulmonary embolism (amaraso avurana ajya mu muhogo)
• Gukumira ibibumbe by'amaraso ku bantu barwaye indwara zikomeye zidakira bafite ubushobozi buke bwo kugenda

Muri ibyo bibazo byose, bitera umuvuduko mwinshi ku miyoboro yawe y'amaraso. Dalteparin itanga ubufasha kugira ngo umubiri wawe ugumane uburinganire bukwiye hagati yo kuvurana iyo bikenewe no gukumira ibibumbe byangiza.

Dalteparin ikora ite?

Dalteparine ikora igihe ibuza umubiri wawe gukora amaraso mu buryo bwihariye. Ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye wo gutuma amaraso atavura, ukora vuba iyo watewe mu ruhu rwawe.

Tekereza sisitemu yo kuvura amaraso yawe nk'igikorwa kigoye gifite ibintu byinshi. Dalteparine yihariye ifunga ikintu kimwe cy'ingenzi cyitwa Factor Xa, cy'ingenzi mu gukora amaraso. Mu gufunga iyi factor, umuti ubuza amaraso yawe kuvura byoroshye cyane mugihe bigifasha gukira neza.

Umuti utangira gukora mu masaha make nyuma yo guterwa inshinge kandi ugera ku ngaruka zawo nyuma y'amasaha 4. Iki gikorwa cyihuse gituma gifite akamaro cyane mu bihe ukeneye kurindwa ako kanya kuva mu maraso.

Nkwiriye Gufata Dalteparine Nte?

Dalteparine itangwa nk'urushinge munsi y'uruhu rwawe, ntabwo mu misitsi cyangwa imitsi. Umuganga wawe azakwigisha cyangwa umwe mu muryango wawe uburyo bwo gutanga izi nshinge mu buryo bwizewe murugo, cyangwa ushobora kuzihabwa mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi.

Aho batera inshinge mubisanzwe harimo uruhu rw'ibinure ruzengurutse igifu cyawe, byibuze santimetero 5 uvuye ku ruyunguyungu rwawe. Urashobora kandi guterwa inshinge mu gice cyo hanze cy'uruhererekane rwawe rwo hejuru. Ni ngombwa guhinduranya aho batera inshinge kugirango wirinde kurakara kw'uruhu cyangwa ibibyimba.

Ibi nibyo ukeneye kumenya kubyerekeye igihe n'imyiteguro:

• Fata dalteparine ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego rwo hejuru mu maraso yawe
• Ntabwo ukeneye kurya mbere cyangwa nyuma yo gufata uyu muti
• Bika umuti muri firigo yawe, ariko uwuhe umwanya wo gushyuha ku bushyuhe busanzwe mbere yo guterwa inshinge
• Ntugahindure urushinge cyangwa ukuremo utubumbe tw'umwuka keretse ubitegetswe n'umuganga wawe
• Sukuza ahaterwa inshinge na alukolo hanyuma ureke yumuke neza
• Fata uruhu buhoro hanyuma ushyire urushinge ku mpande 90

Umuvuzi wawe azakwereka uburyo bukwiye bwo guterwa urushinge kandi azareba ko wumva umeze neza muri uwo murimo. Ntuzatinye kubaza ibibazo cyangwa gusaba ko bakwereka niba utazi neza ikintu icyo aricyo cyose.

Mbona nzamara igihe kingana iki nkoresha Dalteparin?

Igihe uzamara ukoresha dalteparin giterwa n'impamvu uyikoresha ndetse n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye. Muganga wawe azagena igihe gikwiye gishingiye ku mpamvu zikugiraho ingaruka ndetse n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye.

Mugukingira kubagwa, ushobora gufata dalteparin mu minsi 5 kugeza ku 10 nyuma yo kubagwa. Niba uvurwa uruvu rw'amaraso rukora, kuvurwa kwawe bishobora kumara amezi menshi. Abantu bavurwa kanseri ikomeje bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza uko urimo urwara binyuze mu gusuzuma buri gihe no gupima amaraso. Bazahindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa bashingiye ku buryo urimo urakira neza ndetse niba impamvu zikugiraho ingaruka zihindutse. Ntukigere uhagarika gufata dalteparin ako kanya utabanje kuvugana n'umuvuzi wawe, kuko ibyo bishobora kukugira mu kaga ko kugira uruvu rw'amaraso ruteje akaga.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Dalteparin?

Kimwe n'ibindi byose bituma amaraso atavura, dalteparin ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ingaruka isanzwe ni ukwiyongera kw'amaraso cyangwa gukomerera, biba kuko umuti utuma amaraso yawe atavura vuba.

Reka dutangire ku ngaruka ushobora guhura nazo, akenshi zishobora gucungwa kandi ntiziteje akaga:

• Gukomerera cyangwa gutukura ahaterwa urushinge
• Gusohoka kw'amaraso gake bifata igihe kirekire kugirango bihagarare (nk'aho biva mu dukomere duto)
• Urubavu rw'igihe gito cyangwa kubyimba aho watewe urushinge
• Utubumbe duto cyangwa gukomera munsi y'uruhu ahaterwa urushinge
• Isesemi rito cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Umutwe cyangwa isereri

Ibi bimenyetso bigaragara kenshi bikunda kuvaho umubiri wawe umaze kumenyera umuti. Abantu benshi basanga guhinduranya aho batera urushinge no gushyiraho igitutu gake nyuma yo guterwa urushinge bifasha kugabanya ibimenyetso byo ku mubiri.

Noneho, reka tuvuge ku ngaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga, nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho:

• Ukuva amaraso gukabije kudahagarara, harimo no kuva amazuru cyane cyangwa gukomeretsa bidasanzwe
• Amara mu nkari cyangwa mu musarani, cyangwa imyanda yirabura, isa na gaze
• Umutwe ukabije, urujijo, cyangwa impinduka mu mbono
• Urubavu rubabaza cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye
• Urubu rubabaza cyane cyangwa kuruka amaraso
• Ibimenyetso byo kuva amaraso mu mugongo niba warabazwe mu mugongo (kubabara cyane mu mugongo, guhumirwa, cyangwa intege nke)

Izi ngaruka zikomeye ni gake zibaho ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ushake ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga.

Ninde utagomba gufata Dalteparin?

Dalteparin ntirinzwe kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kuyandika. Uyu muti ushobora kuba mubi ku bantu bafite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe cyangwa abafata imiti imwe.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata dalteparin niba ufite ukuva amaraso gukabije, kutagenzurwa ahantu hose mu mubiri wawe. Ibi birimo kubagwa vuba aha hamwe n'ukuva amaraso, ibisebe byo mu gifu biva amaraso, cyangwa ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose gitera gutakaza amaraso menshi.

Dore ibibazo by'ingenzi bituma dalteparin idatekanye:

• Ukuva amaraso gukabije cyangwa indwara zo kuva amaraso
• Ibibazo bikomeye by'impyiko
• Allergie izwi kuri dalteparin cyangwa izindi heparine
• Amateka ya heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (igikorwa gike ariko gikomeye)
• Kubagwa vuba aha ubwonko, ijisho, cyangwa umugongo
• Umubyigano ukabije w'amaraso utagenzurwa
• Ibisembe byo mu gifu cyangwa mu mara bikora

Muganga wawe azaba kandi yitonda cyane mu gutanga dalteparin niba ufite izindi ndwara zimwe na zimwe zongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso, nka indwara y'umwijima, igihuhusi giheruka, cyangwa niba ufata izindi miti igabanya amaraso. Ibi bibazo ntibisobanura ko dalteparin itakoreshwa, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa cyane kandi birashoboka ko imiti igomba guhindurwa.

Amazina y'Ubwoko bwa Dalteparin

Dalteparin iboneka munsi y'izina ry'ubwoko rya Fragmin mu bihugu byinshi, harimo n'Amerika. Iri ni ryo zina ry'ubwoko rizwi cyane kuri uyu muti.

Iyo wakiriye urupapuro rwawe rw'umuti, ikirango gishobora kwerekana

• Enoxaparin (Lovenox) - ikindi gikorwaho cyo gukura amaraso gifite ibikoreshwa bisa
• Fondaparinux (Arixtra) - umuti w'amaraso wa sintetike wo gukoresha mu bihe byihariye
• Warfarin (Coumadin) - umuti w'amaraso unyobwa mu kanwa usaba gukurikiranwa amaraso buri gihe
• Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) - umuti mushya w'amaraso unyobwa mu kanwa
• Apixaban (Eliquis) - ubundi buryo bwo kunywa mu kanwa bufite imbogamizi nkeya z'imirire
• Heparine itagabanijwe - ikoreshwa cyane mu bitaro

Buri kimwe cyose gifite inyungu zacyo n'ibitekerezo. Imiti inyobwa mu kanwa irashobora kuba yoroshye ariko ishobora guhura n'ibiryo n'indi miti. Ibikorwa byo guterwa inshinge akenshi bikora vuba ariko bisaba imicungire myinshi.

Ese Dalteparine iruta Enoxaparine?

Dose ya dalteparine na enoxaparine ni imiti myiza ikura amaraso ikora kimwe mu mubiri wawe. Nta n'imwe iruta iyindi - guhitamo akenshi biterwa n'ubuzima bwawe bwihariye bw'ubuvuzi n'ibitekerezo bifatika.

Dalteparine irashobora gukundwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, nk'abantu bafite ibibazo by'impyiko, kuko ikorwa mu buryo butandukanye n'umubiri wawe. Akenshi bisaba kandi gukoresha rimwe ku munsi kubera ibibazo byinshi, abantu bamwe babona ko byoroshye kuruta imiti ikoreshwa kabiri ku munsi.

Enoxaparine, ku rundi ruhande, yigishijwe cyane kubera ibibazo bimwe na bimwe kandi irashobora gukundwa mu kuvura amaraso akora. Iraboneka kandi cyane kandi rimwe na rimwe ihendutse kuruta dalteparine.

Muganga wawe azahitamo hagati y'iyi miti ashingiye ku bintu nk'imikorere y'impyiko zawe, ikibazo cyihariye kivurwa, ubwishingizi bwawe, n'ibyo ukunda ku gipimo cyo gukoresha. Imiti yombi ifite akamaro kanini iyo ikoreshejwe neza.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Dalteparine

Q1. Ese Dalteparine irakwiriye abantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko?

Dalteparine irashobora gukoreshwa witonze ku bantu bafite ibibazo byoroheje cyangwa by'ikigereranyo by'impyiko, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kandi akenshi imibare igomba guhindurwa. Impyiko zawe zigufasha gukuramo uyu muti mu mubiri wawe, bityo kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'impyiko bishobora gutuma umuti wiyongera ukagera ku rwego rushobora guteza akaga.

Niba ufite indwara y'impyiko, muganga wawe ashobora gutuma bakora ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe kugira ngo bakurikirane imikorere y'impyiko zawe kandi ashobora kugusaba urugero ruto. Abantu bafite kunanirwa gukomeye kw'impyiko mubisanzwe ntibashobora gukoresha dalteparine neza kandi bazakenera izindi nzira zo gukoresha imiti ituma amaraso atavura.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nifashishije cyane dalteparine?

Niba witewe cyane dalteparine, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Ntukegere ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bigaragara, kuko amaraso menshi ashobora gutera kuva amaraso imbere.

Mugihe utegereje ubujyanama bwa muganga, reba ibimenyetso byo kuva amaraso menshi nk'uburibwe budasanzwe, amazuru atava amaraso, amaraso mu nkari cyangwa mu musarani, cyangwa kubabara umutwe bikabije. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kujya mu cyumba cy'abarwayi kugira ngo bakurikirane kandi bashobore kuvurwa imiti ishobora guhindura ingaruka za dalteparine.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa dalteparine?

Niba wibagiwe urugero rwa dalteparine, uyifate ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muricyo gihe, reka urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe - ntugomba gukuba ku rugero.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, gerageza gushyiraho alarme za terefone cyangwa ukoreshe umuteguro w'ibinini ufite ibice bya buri munsi. Gukoresha imiti buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ugumane urwego rwo hejuru rw'amaraso no gukumira amaraso. Vugana n'umuganga wawe niba ufite ikibazo cyo kwibuka gahunda yawe y'imiti.

Q4. Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata dalteparine?

Ntugasize gufata dalteparin utabanje kuvugana n'umuganga wawe. Guhagarika ako kanya bishobora kukugira mu kaga gakomeye ko kuvura amaraso, cyane cyane niba ukiri mu kaga gakomeye kubera kubagwa vuba cyangwa indwara.

Umuvuzi wawe azagena igihe cyiza cyo guhagarika bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe, uko wakize neza, niba ibikugiraho ingaruka byahindutse. Bashobora kugabanya buhoro buhoro urugero rwawe cyangwa bakaguherereza ubundi bwoko bw'umuti utuma amaraso atavura mbere yo guhagarika burundu.

Q5. Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa dalteparin?

Kunywa inzoga mu rugero ruto muri rusange birakwiriye mugihe ufata dalteparin, ariko kunywa cyane bishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso. Inzoga ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umwijima bwo gukora ibintu bituma amaraso avura kandi bishobora gutuma kuva amaraso bishoboka cyane.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga, bikore mu rugero ruto kandi witondere ibikorwa bishobora gutera ibikomere cyangwa imvune. Vugana n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n'urugero rwo kunywa inzoga ruri mu mutekano ku miterere yawe, cyane cyane niba ufite ibibazo by'umwijima cyangwa ufata izindi miti.