Created at:1/13/2025
Question on this topic? Get an instant answer from August.
Dapagliflozin na metformin ni umuti uvanga ibintu byinshi ufasha gucunga indwara ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ukora mu buryo bubiri butandukanye kugira ngo ugabanye isukari mu maraso. Ubu buryo bwo gukora ku bintu byinshi bushobora kugira akamaro kurusha gukoresha umuti umwe gusa, bikaguha uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura diyabete yawe hamwe n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gufata imiti mike buri munsi.
Uyu muti uvanga imiti ibiri yemejwe yo kuvura diyabete mu gipimo kimwe. Dapagliflozin ni umwe mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa SGLT2 inhibitors, naho metformin ikomoka mu muryango w'imiti ya biguanide.
Tekereza uyu muti uvanga ibintu byinshi nk'uburyo bwo gufatanya mu gucunga isukari mu maraso yawe. Buri kintu kigabanya ikibazo mu buryo butandukanye, bagakorera hamwe kugira ngo bafashe umubiri wawe gutunganya isukari neza. Uyu muti uboneka mu mazina y'ubwoko nk'uko Xigduo XR muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika.
Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira uyu muti uvanga ibintu byinshi igihe metformin yonyine itari gutanga uburyo buhagije bwo kugenzura isukari mu maraso, cyangwa igihe ukeneye inyungu z'iyo miti yombi ariko ukaba ukunda uburyo bworoshye bwo gufata urupapuro rumwe rw'imiti.
Uyu muti uvanga ibintu byinshi ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 mu bantu bakuru. Bifasha kugabanya isukari mu maraso igihe imirire n'imyitozo ngororamubiri byonyine bidahagije kugira ngo bagumane urugero rwiza rwa glucose.
Umuvuzi wawe ashobora kugusaba uyu muti niba umaze gufata metformin ariko ukeneye uburyo bwongereyeho bwo kugenzura isukari mu maraso. Ikoreshwa kandi igihe wungukirwa n'inyungu zidasanzwe zitangwa na dapagliflozin, nk'uburyo bwo kugabanya ibiro n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.
Usibye gucunga isukari mu maraso, abantu bamwe bahura n'inyungu zinyongera nk'uburyo bwo kugabanya ibiro bike n'igabanuka rito ry'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ariko, izi ngaruka zitandukanye ku muntu ku muntu, kandi uyu muti ntugomba gukoreshwa gusa mu kugabanya ibiro.
Ubu buryo bukorera mu buryo bubiri butandukanye bwuzuzanya neza. Metformin ikora cyane mu mwijima wawe, igabanya umubare wa glucose umwijima wawe ukora kandi igafasha imitsi yawe gukoresha insuline neza.
Dapagliflozin ifata uburyo butandukanye rwose ikora mu mpyiko zawe. Ikomanga poroteyine yitwa SGLT2 isanzwe ifasha impyiko zawe gusubiza glucose mu maraso yawe. Iyo iyi poroteyine yafunzwe, glucose yarenze igasohoka mu nkari zawe aho kuguma mu maraso yawe.
Iyi mikorere ibiri isobanura ko umubiri wawe ukora glucose nkeya kandi ukanakuramo glucose nyinshi, bigatanga uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura isukari mu maraso. Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ukomeye kandi ufite akamaro, akenshi ugatanga impinduka zigaragara mu rugero rw'isukari mu maraso mu byumweru bike nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa.
Fata uyu muti nk'uko umuganga wawe abitegeka, akenshi rimwe ku munsi hamwe n'ifunguro ryawe rya mu gitondo. Kuwufata hamwe n'ibiryo bifasha kugabanya ibibazo byo mu nda, bishobora kuba ikibazo kuri metformin, kandi bigafasha umubiri wawe kwinjiza neza umuti.
Mimina urupapuro rwose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Ntugasenya, ntugacagagure, cyangwa ngo umene ibinini birebire, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti usohoka mu mubiri wawe. Niba ufata verisiyo irebire, ushobora kubona urupapuro rw'ibinini ruri mu mwanda wawe, ibyo bisanzwe rwose.
Mbere yo gufata umuti wawe, rya ifunguro ryuzuye ririmo karubohidrate zimwe. Ibi bifasha kwirinda ko isukari yo mu maraso yawe igabanuka cyane kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kuribwa mu nda. Irinde gufata umuti ku gifu cyambaye ubusa, cyane cyane iyo ugitangira kuvurwa.
Guma unywa amazi menshi umunsi wose. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane kuko dapagliflozine yongera kunyara, kandi kunywa amazi menshi bifasha kwirinda ingorane nko kumuka cyangwa indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari.
Uyu muti akenshi ni umuti w'igihe kirekire wo kuvura diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Abantu benshi bakomeza kuwufata igihe cyose ukora neza kandi bakawihanganira, akenshi bivuze imyaka myinshi cyangwa igihe cyose.
Muganga wawe azagenzura uko witwara ku muti ukoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe, akenshi agenzura urugero rwa A1C buri mezi atatu cyangwa atandatu. Ibi bizamini bifasha kumenya niba umuti ukora neza kandi niba hakenewe guhindura urugero rwawo.
Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata uyu muti mu buryo butunguranye utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe. Guhagarika mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutuma isukari yo mu maraso yawe izamuka cyane, bishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye. Niba ukeneye guhagarika umuti, muganga wawe azagutegurira gahunda yo kuguha imiti isimbura mu buryo bwizewe.
Kimwe n'indi miti yose, iyi mvange ishobora gutera imiterere mibi, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Kumenya ibyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere ku buvuzi bwawe kandi ukamenya igihe wahamagara muganga wawe.
Imiterere mibi isanzwe ushobora guhura nayo irimo:
Ibi byangiza bikunze gukira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti, akenshi mu byumweru bike bya mbere byo kuvurwa.
Ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga zirimo:
Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, kuko bishobora gusaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga.
Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ibibazo bidasanzwe ariko bikomeye nka Fournier's gangrene (indwara ikomeye y'imyanya myibarukiro) cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeye by'uburwayi. Nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho, ni ngombwa kumenya ibimenyetso bidasanzwe kandi ugashaka ubufasha bw'abaganga niba ufite impungenge.
Uyu muti ntabwo ukwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azagenzura neza niba ari wo ukwiriye kuri wowe. Indwara zimwe na zimwe n'ibihe bituma iyi mvange idatekanye cyangwa idakwiriye.
Ntugomba gufata uyu muti niba ufite:
Muganga wawe azakoresha ubushishozi niba ufite indwara zongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo, nko kurwara inkorora y'inkari kenshi, amateka y'umuvuduko muke w'amaraso, cyangwa niba ushaje kandi ufite ibyago byinshi byo kumuka amazi mu mubiri.
Ibyago bimwe na bimwe bisaba guhagarika imiti by'agateganyo, nko mbere yo kubagwa, mugihe urwaye umuriro no kumuka amazi mu mubiri, cyangwa niba ukeneye irangi ryo mu rwego rwo kugaragaza mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi.
Uyu muti uhuza ibintu bitandukanye uboneka munsi y'amazina menshi y'ubwoko, aho Xigduo XR ariyo ikoreshwa cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika.
Umuvuzi wawe ashobora no kugusaba gufata imiti itandukanye, ukoresha metformin yonyine hamwe n'undi muti wa diyabete, cyangwa ugashakisha ibindi byiciro bitandukanye by'imiti ya diyabete nka GLP-1 receptor agonists cyangwa insuline niba bikenewe.
Gu hitamo ibindi bisubizo biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe buteye, harimo imikorere y'impyiko zawe, ubuzima bw'umutima, intego zo kugenzura ibiro, n'uburyo wihanganira imiti itandukanye.
Ku bantu benshi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, guhuza dapagliflozin na metformin bitanga uburyo bwo kugenzura isukari mu maraso kuruta metformin yonyine. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko kongeraho dapagliflozin kuri metformin mubisanzwe bituma A1C igabanuka ho 0.5 kugeza kuri 1.0 ku ijana.
Ubu buhuza butanga inyungu zirenga kugenzura isukari mu maraso zitangwa na metformin yonyine. Ibi birimo gushobora gutakaza ibiro (mubisanzwe 2-5 pounds), kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'inyungu zishoboka z'umutima n'imitsi abashakashatsi bakiri gukoraho ubushakashatsi.
Ariko, ubu buhuza buzanana n'ingaruka zinyongera n'ibiciro bitagira metformin yonyine. Kwihagarika kenshi, ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'inkari, n'ishoboka ryo kumuka amazi ni ibintu byihariye bya dapagliflozin.
Umuvuzi wawe azagereranya izi nyungu n'ibyago bishingiye ku miterere yawe, uburyo usanzwe ugenzura isukari mu maraso, n'intego rusange z'ubuzima kugira ngo amenye niba iri huza rikwiye kugeragezwa mu gihe cyawe.
Ubu buhuza bushobora kuba bwiza ku bantu bafite ubwoko runaka bw'indwara z'umutima. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko SGLT2 inhibitors nka dapagliflozin bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kujyanwa mu bitaro kubera umutima wanze gukora neza no gupfa kw'imitsi y'umutima ku bantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.
Ariko, niba warigeze kugira ikibazo cyo kunanirwa k'umutima, muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi igihe utangiye gufata uyu muti. Mu bihe bidasanzwe, abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ibimenyetso byo kunanirwa k'umutima bikiyongera, bityo guhura na muganga buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo wemeze ko umuti ufasha aho kugirira nabi ubuzima bw'umutima wawe.
Niba ufashishije umuti mwinshi kuruta uko wategetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe gukurikirana uburozi ako kanya. Gufata umuti mwinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye nk'acidose ya lactic ituruka kuri metiforimine cyangwa kumuka cyane biturutse kuri dapagliflozin.
Reba ibimenyetso nk'isuka ikabije, kuruka, kuribwa mu nda cyane, guhumeka bigoranye, gusinzira bidasanzwe, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kumuka cyane. Ntukategereze ko ibimenyetso bigaragara mbere yo gushaka ubufasha, kuko ibibazo bimwe bishobora kwigaragaza vuba kandi bigasaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga.
Niba wirengagije gufata urugero, urufate ako kanya wibukije, ariko niba bikiri mu gitondo kandi ushobora kurufata hamwe n'ibiryo. Niba ari nyuma ya saa sita cyangwa nimugoroba, reka urugero wirengagije urufate ejo mu gitondo ku isaha isanzwe.
Ntuzigere ufata urugero rurenze rumwe icyarimwe kugira ngo wuzuze urugero wirengagije, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo guhura n'ingaruka. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa gufata imiti, tekereza gushyiraho alarume ya buri munsi cyangwa ukoreshe umuteguro w'imiti kugira ngo ugufashe kwibuka gahunda yawe yo gufata imiti.
Hagarika gufata uyu muti gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bw'umuganga wawe. N'iyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe rwiyongera cyane, guhagarika umuti mu buryo butunganye bishobora gutuma urugero rwawe ruzamuka, kuko diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ni indwara idakira isaba gukurikiranwa buri gihe.
Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza kugabanya urugero rw'umuti ukoresha cyangwa akaguha undi muti utandukanye niba ubonye ingaruka zikomeye, niba imikorere y'impyiko zawe ihindutse, cyangwa niba uburyo bwawe bwo kuvura diyabete bukeneye guhinduka uko iminsi igenda. Impinduka zose ku miti yawe ya diyabete zigomba buri gihe kuba mu rwego rwo kuvura rwatanzwe neza.
Ushobora kunywa inzoga mu rugero ruto ukoresha uyu muti, ariko ugomba kwitonda cyane mu kugenzura isukari yo mu maraso yawe no kuguma ufite amazi ahagije mu mubiri. Inzoga irashobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara lactic acidosis iyo ivanze na metformin, cyane cyane niba unywa inzoga nyinshi cyangwa niba udarya buri gihe.
Gabanya kunywa inzoga ntirenze kimwe ku munsi ku bagore na kabiri ku munsi ku bagabo, kandi buri gihe unywe inzoga ufite ibiryo kugirango bifashe kwirinda isukari yo mu maraso igabanuka. Niba ufite amateka yo gukoresha inzoga cyane cyangwa ibibazo by'umwijima, ganira ku kunywa inzoga n'umuganga wawe, kuko bishobora kuba byiza kuyirinda rwose.