Umuti w’inkingo ya Dengue Tetravalent Live: Ibyo ukora, urugero rwawo, ingaruka ziterwa n'ibindi

Umuti w’inkingo ya dengue tetravalent live ni urukingo rwihariye rwashyizweho kugira ngo rurinde umururumba wa dengue, indwara iterwa na virusi yandurira mu mibu ikibasira abantu babarirwa muri miliyoni ku isi hose. Uru rukingo rukubiyemo ubwoko bworoshye bwa virusi enye zose za dengue, rufasha urugero rwawe rw’umubiri rwo kurwanya no kurwanya iyo ndwara niba wigeze kuyirwarira mu buryo busanzwe.

Bitandukanye n’inkingo nyinshi ushobora kumenyera, uru rukingo rwa dengue rufite ibisabwa byihariye ku bijyanye n’abantu bashobora kuruhabwa. Ubu birasabwa cyane cyane abantu barwaye indwara ya dengue yemejwe kandi baba mu turere indwara ya dengue isanzweho.

Umuti w’inkingo ya Dengue Tetravalent Live ni iki?

Umuti w’inkingo ya dengue tetravalent live ni urukingo rukora rurinda ubwoko bune bwose bwa virusi ya dengue. Ijambo “tetravalent” risobanura ko rikora ku bwoko bune butandukanye, naho “live-attenuated” risobanura ko rikubiyemo ubwoko bworoshye bwa virusi zitashobora gutera indwara nyayo.

Uru rukingo rukora mu kwigisha urugero rwawe rw’umubiri kumenya virusi ya dengue mbere yuko uzihura nazo mu gasozi. Iyo uhabwa urukingo, umubiri wawe ukora imisemburo n’ubwirinzi bw’uturemangingo twibuka uburyo bwo kurwanya dengue niba wigeze kuyirwarira nyuma y’ururuma rw’umubu.

Uru rukingo rutangwa mu nkingo eshatu ziterwa munsi y’uruhu, akenshi mu kaboko kawe k’igice cyo hejuru. Dose imwe itangwa nyuma y’amezi atandatu, bityo urukurikirane rwuzuye rw’inkingo rufata umwaka umwe kugira ngo rurangire.

Umuti w’inkingo ya Dengue Tetravalent Live ukoreshwa mu iki?

Uru rukingo rurinda umururumba wa dengue ku bantu barwaye indwara ya dengue yemejwe na laboratori mu gihe gishize. Dengue ni indwara iterwa na virusi ikwirakwizwa n’imibu ya Aedes ishobora gutera umuriro mwinshi, kuribwa cyane mu mutwe, kuribwa mu myanya y’umubiri, kandi rimwe na rimwe, ibibazo biteye ubuzima bw’akaga.

Urukingo rwateguwe by'umwihariko ku bantu baba mu turere indwara ya dengue ikunda kuboneka, bivuze ko iyo ndwara ikunda kuboneka muri ako gace. Ibihugu nka bimwe byo muri Aziya, Amerika y'Epfo, n'ibirwa byo mu nyanja ya Pasifika bikunze kugira dengue ikomeza kwandura.

Abaganga bakoresha uru rukingo nk'igice cy'uburyo bwuzuye bwo kwirinda dengue burimo n'ingamba zo kurwanya imibu no kwigisha abaturage. Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ko urukingo rukora neza iyo ruhujwe n'ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda nko gukuraho ahantu imibu yororokera no gukoresha ingamba zo kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu.

Urukingo rwa Dengue Tetravalent Live rukora gute?

Uru rukingo rukubiyemo ubwoko bune bwa virusi ya dengue zaciye intege zihinduriwe mu laboratori ku buryo zitashobora gutera indwara ya dengue. Iyo zinjijwe mu mubiri wawe, izi virusi zaciye intege zishishikariza umubiri wawe gukora imisemburo irinda no gukora ku ngirangingo zikingira.

Umubiri wawe ufata izi virusi zaciye intege nk'aho ari ibibazo nyabyo, ukubaka uburyo bwo kwirinda buzibuka uko barwanya virusi ya dengue mu gihe kizaza. Ubu buryo busaba ibyumweru byinshi nyuma yo guterwa urukingo, niyo mpamvu ukeneye doze nyinshi ziterwa mu mezi menshi.

Urukingo rufatwa nk'urufite akamaro gakabije, rugabanya ibyago byo kurwara dengue ku kigero cya 60-70% niba warigeze kurwara dengue. Ariko, ntirurinda ijana ku ijana, bityo ugomba gufata ingamba zo kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu nyuma yo gukingirwa.

Nkwiriye gufata urukingo rwa Dengue Tetravalent Live nte?

Urukingo rwa dengue rutangwa nk'urukingo rutewe munsi y'uruhu (urukingo rwo munsi y'uruhu), akenshi mu kuboko kwawe kw'igice cyo hejuru. Umuganga azatanga doze zose eshatu ahantu hakorerwa ibizamini, bityo ntuzakeneye kwifata urukingo wenyine.

Ntabwo ukeneye kwiyiriza ubusa cyangwa kwirinda ibiryo runaka mbere yo guhabwa urukingo. Urashobora kurya uko bisanzwe kandi ukanywa amazi nk'uko bisanzwe ku munsi wo gufata urukingo.

Icyiciro cy'inkingo gisaba doze eshatu zitangwa mu mezi atandatu. Umuganga wawe azategura gahunda y'amasaha yawe kugirango yemeze intera ikwiye hagati ya doze. Ni ngombwa kurangiza doze zose eshatu kugirango ubone inyungu yuzuye yo kurinda urukingo.

Nyuma yo guhabwa urukingo, mubisanzwe uzasabwa gutegereza mu ivuriro iminota 15-20 kugirango urebe niba hari ibisubizo byihuse. Iki ni ingamba zisanzwe zo kwirinda hamwe n'inkingo nyinshi.

Nzagenda Mfata Urukingo rwa Dengue Tetravalent Live Mugihe Kingana Gite?

Urukingo rwa dengue rutangwa nk'urukurikirane rwa doze eshatu mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe, buri doze ikaba ifite intera y'amezi atandatu. Umaze kurangiza uru rukurikirane, ntuzakenera inkingo zisanzwe cyangwa doze zikomeza.

Nyuma yo kurangiza doze zose eshatu, urukingo rurindira ko ruzamara imyaka myinshi, nubwo abashakashatsi bakiri gukora ubushakashatsi neza ku gihe ubudahangarwa bumara. Ibimenyetso biriho byerekana ko urukingo rutanga uburinzi bw'ingirakamaro byibuze imyaka itanu nyuma yo kurangiza urukurikirane.

Umuganga wawe azakurikiza amatariki yawe yo gukingirwa kandi akumenyeshe niba hari icyahinduka ku bijyanye n'inama z'inkingo zishingiye ku bushakashatsi bushya. Ubu, icyibanze ni ukurangiza urukurikirane rwa doze eshatu zambere aho gutekereza ku nkingo zizaza.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara Byo Ku Ruhingo rwa Dengue Tetravalent Live?

Abantu benshi bahura n'ingaruka zoroheje zikemuka zonyine muminsi mike. Ibi bisubizo bisanzwe byerekana ko sisitemu yawe y'ubudahangarwa isubiza urukingo nkuko byitezwe.

Ingaruka zivugwa kenshi zirimo:

• Urubabare, umutuku, cyangwa kubyimba ahatewe urushinge
• Urubavu ruto cyangwa kumva utameze neza
• Umutwe w'umutwe umara umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri
• Uburibwe mu mikaya cyangwa kunanirwa muri rusange
• Isesemi rito cyangwa kugabanya ubushake bwo kurya

Ibi bimenyetso rusange bikunda kugaragara mu masaha 24-48 nyuma yo gukingirwa kandi bikunda gukira mu minsi 2-3 nta kuvurwa.

Ingaruka zikomeye ziragoye ariko zirashobora kwerekanamo ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa bikabije, umuriro mwinshi, cyangwa indwara irambye. Niba ugize ingorane zo guhumeka, uruhu rwakwiriye hose, kubyimba bikabije, cyangwa umuriro uri hejuru ya 102°F umara iminsi irenga ibiri, ugomba guhita uvugana n'umuganga wawe.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kugira uburibwe mu ngingo cyangwa kubyimba bishobora kumara iminsi myinshi cyangwa ibyumweru. Ibi ntibisanzwe ariko byaravuzwe mu bushakashatsi bwa kliniki kandi bikunda gukira nta ngaruka zirambye.

Ninde Utagomba Gukingirwa na Dengue Tetravalent Vaccine Live?

Urukingo ntirugirwa inama ku bantu batigeze bagira indwara ya dengue yemejwe. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko gutanga urukingo ku bantu batarigeze barwara dengue (abatarigeze barwara dengue mbere) bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara dengue ikabije niba banduye kamere nyuma.

Ntabwo ugomba guhabwa uru rukingo niba ufite ubudahangarwa bworoheje cyane kubera ibibazo nka HIV/AIDS, kuvurwa kanseri, cyangwa imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa. Kubera ko uru ari urukingo ruzima, rushobora gutera ibibazo ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa butashobora kugenzura neza virusi zoroheje.

Izindi miterere myinshi ituma uru rukingo rudakwiriye abantu bamwe:

• Gusama cyangwa gahunda yo gusama mu gihe cy'ukwezi kumwe nyuma yo gukingirwa
• Ababyeyi bonka (amakuru yerekeye umutekano aragabanijwe)
• Abana bari munsi y'imyaka 9 cyangwa abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 45
• Abantu barwaye indwara zikomeye cyangwa umuriro mwinshi
• Umuntu wese ufite amateka yo kwibasirwa bikabije ku rukingo rwo hambere

Umuvuzi wawe w’ubuzima azasuzuma amateka yawe y’ubuvuzi n’ubuzima bwawe bwa none kugira ngo amenye niba urukingo ruri ngombwa kuri wowe. Bashobora kugusaba ibizamini by’amaraso kugira ngo bemeze ko wigeze kurwara dengue mbere yo gukomeza gukingirwa.

Izina ry’ubwoko bw’urukingo rwa Dengue Tetravalent Live

Urukingo rwa dengue tetravalent live rugurishwa ku izina ry’ubwoko rya Dengvaxia, rukorwa na Sanofi Pasteur. Ubu ni rwo rukingo rwa dengue rukoreshwa ku isoko rwemerejwe n’amategeko mu bihugu bitandukanye.

Dengvaxia yemerejwe gukoreshwa mu bihugu byinshi aho dengue ikunda kuboneka, harimo ibice bya Aziya, Amerika y’Epfo, n’ibihugu bimwe byo mu birwa bya Pasifika. Ariko, imiterere y’uburenganzira bwo gukoresha iratandukanye bitewe n’igihugu, kandi mu turere tumwe na tumwe hariho amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye imikoreshereze yacyo.

Urukingo ubu ntirwemerewe gukoreshwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika na FDA, nubwo rwemerejwe mu bindi bihugu bifite amategeko atandukanye. Umuvuzi wawe w’ubuzima ashobora kukubwira ibyerekeye uko riri kuboneka n’uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ahantu uherereye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbura urukingo rwa Dengue Tetravalent Live

Ubu, Dengvaxia ni rwo rukingo rwa dengue rwemerewe gukoreshwa ku isi yose. Ariko, abashakashatsi barimo gukora cyane izindi nkingo za dengue zishobora kuboneka mu gihe kizaza.

Inkingo nyinshi za dengue zigeragezwa ziri mu nzego zitandukanye z’igeragezwa ryo kwa muganga, harimo n’izo zishobora kuba zifitiye abantu batarigeze barwara dengue umutekano kurushaho. Izi zirimo inkingo zikozwe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye, nka virusi zihiswemo cyangwa uburyo buhindurwa mu buryo bwa genetike.

Mugihe dutegereje izindi nkingo zishoboka, uburyo bwo gusimbura urukingo rwa mbere buguma kuba uburyo bwo kwirinda dengue gakondo. Ibi birimo gukuraho amazi ahagaze aho imibu yororokera, gukoresha ibirinda imibu, kwambara imyenda irinda, no gukoresha inzitiramibu ahantu hari imibu myinshi.

Ibyo gukoresha uburyo bwo kurwanya imibu mu baturage, nk'ugusohora imibu y'abagabo batabyara cyangwa gukoresha ibintu bifasha mu kurwanya imibu, birimo gushakishwa nk'ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ikwirakwiza rya dengue mu turere twibasirwa na yo.

Ese urukingo rwa dengue tetravalent live ruruta uburyo bwo kwirinda bwa kera?

Urukingo rwa dengue rukora neza iyo ruhujwe n'uburyo bwo kwirinda bwa kera aho kurusimbuza rwose. N'ubwo urukingo rushobora kugabanya ibyago bya dengue ku kigero cya 60-70% ku bantu bari barwaye mbere, ntirurinda 100%.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda bwa kera nk'uburyo bwo kurwanya imibu n'ingamba zo kwirinda ku giti cyawe biracyakenerwa kabone n'iyo umaze guhabwa urukingo. Ubu buryo burimo gukuraho ahantu imibu yororokera, gukoresha imiti yirukana imibu, no kwambara imyenda irinda, cyane cyane mu gihe imibu iba ari myinshi.

Urukingo rutanga inyungu yo gutanga uburinzi bw'umubiri butishingiye ku myitwarire yawe ya buri munsi cyangwa ibintu by'ibidukikije. Ariko, bisaba ko laboratori yemeza ko wari warwaye dengue mbere kandi ifite imipaka y'imyaka igena abashobora kuruhabwa.

Abahanga benshi mu bijyanye n'ubuzima rusange basaba uburyo buhuriweho burimo gukingira abantu babishoboye hamwe n'uburyo bukomeje bwo kurwanya imibu n'ingamba zo kwirinda ku giti cyawe. Iyi gahunda yuzuye itanga uburinzi bwiza kurwanya dengue mu turere twibasirwa na yo.

Ibibazo bikunze kwibazwa ku rukingo rwa dengue tetravalent live

Ese urukingo rwa dengue tetravalent live rurinda abantu barwaye diyabete?

Urukingo rwa dengue muri rusange rurinda abantu barwaye diyabete ifashwe neza. Kurwara diyabete ntibigutera guhita utemerewe guhabwa urukingo, ariko muganga wawe azashaka kumenya niba isukari yo mu maraso yawe ihagaze neza mbere yo gukingirwa.

Abantu barwaye diyabete bashobora kugira ibyago bito byo kurwara indwara ya dengue, ibyo bishobora gutuma urukingo rugira akamaro kurushaho niba wujuje ibindi bisabwa kugira ngo uruhukirwe. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibibazo bitewe n'ubuzima bwawe bwite.

Ni ngombwa gukomeza gukurikirana urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe nyuma yo gukingirwa, kuko abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'imihindagurikire y'igihe gito mu rwunguko cyangwa urwego rw'imbaraga bishobora kugira ingaruka ku micungire ya diyabete.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mbonye urukingo rwa dengue rwinshi ku buryo butunganye?

Niba utunganye ukabona urukingo rwa dengue rwinshi, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya kugira ngo umubwire uko byagenze. Nubwo kubona urukingo rwinshi bishobora kudateza ingaruka zikomeye, ni ngombwa kwandika ibyabaye.

Umuvuzi wawe ashobora gushaka kugukurikiranira hafi ingaruka ziterwa n'urukingo, kuko kubona urukingo rwinshi mu gihe gito bishobora kongera ibyago byo guhura n'ingaruka. Bazahindura gahunda yawe yo gukingirwa kugira ngo bamenye neza intera y'urukingo ruriho.

Ntugahungabane niba ibi bibaye, kuko urukingo rwasuzumwe cyane kandi urukingo rwinshi rutunganye rusanzwe rwemewe. Ariko, buri gihe menyesha ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi kugira ngo itange ubuyobozi bukwiye no gukurikirana.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba ntasibye urukingo rwa dengue?

Niba usibye urukingo rwa dengue rwatanzwe, vugana n'umuganga wawe vuba bishoboka kugira ngo utegure bundi bushya. Ntabwo ukeneye gutangira urukurikirane rwose, ariko uzakenera gukomeza aho warekeye.

Igihe kiri hagati y'urukingo ni ingenzi kugira ngo urinde neza, bityo gerageza gusubira kuri gahunda vuba bishoboka. Umuvuzi wawe ashobora guhindura igihe cy'urukingo rwawe ruriho kugira ngo amenye neza intera ikwiye.

Ntugasimbuke urukingo rwarinzwe rwose, kuko kurangiza doze zose eshatu ni ngombwa kugira ngo urukingo rutange akamaro karwo kose ko kurinda. Kudakoresha doze bishobora kugabanya imikorere y'urukingo.

Ni ryari nshobora guhagarika kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu nyuma yo gukingirwa?

Ukwiye gukomeza kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu kabone niyo waba warangije urukingo rwa dengue. Urukingo rutanga uburinzi bukomeye ariko ntirukora ijana ku ijana, bityo kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu biracyakomeye.

Byongeye kandi, imibu ishobora gutwara izindi ndwara zitari dengue, nka virusi ya Zika, chikungunya, na malariya mu turere tumwe na tumwe. Kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu bifasha kwirinda izo zindi ndwara.

Tekereza urukingo nk'urwego rumwe rwo kurinda muri gahunda yuzuye yo kwirinda. Komeza gukoresha imiti irinda imibu, gukuraho ahantu imibu yororokera, no kwambara imyenda irinda, cyane cyane mu gihe imibu iba myinshi.

Nshobora kujya mu turere twa dengue nyuma yo gukingirwa?

Urashobora kujya mu turere twa dengue nyuma yo gukingirwa, ariko ni ngombwa kumva ko uburinzi bwuzuye butangira buhoro buhoro mu byumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi. Urukingo ntirutanga ubudahangarwa bwihuse nyuma ya buri doze.

Komeza gukoresha ingamba zose ziteganijwe zo kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu mugihe uri mu rugendo, hatitawe ku uko watewe urukingo. Ibi birimo gukoresha imiti ikora neza irinda imibu, kuba mu macumbi afite ikirere cyangwa amadirishya afunze, no kwambara imyenda irinda.

Niba uteganya kujya mu rugendo mu gace ka dengue k'akaga, ganira gahunda yawe n'umuganga wawe. Bashobora gutanga inama zihariye zijyanye n'igihe cyo gukingirwa kwawe bijyanye n'ingendo zawe kandi bagatanga ibindi bipimo byo kwirinda.