Icyo Dipivefrin ari cyo: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'ibindi

Dipivefrin ni umuti w'amaso ufasha kugabanya umuvuduko uri mu maso yawe, cyane cyane ukoreshwa mu kuvura glaucoma na ocular hypertension. Iyi miti yo mu maso yandikirwa na muganga ikora igabanya amazi mu maso yawe kandi igafasha amazi asanzwe kumeneka byoroshye.

Niba waranzwe na glaucoma cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi mu maso, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba dipivefrin nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi bwawe. Kumva uburyo uyu muti ukora n'icyo witegura birashobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cyinshi ku rugendo rwawe rwo kwita ku maso yawe.

Dipivefrin ni iki?

Dipivefrin ni umuti w'amaso wandikirwa na muganga wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa sympathomimetics. Mubyukuri ni prodrug, bivuze ko umubiri wawe uyihindura epinephrine (adrenaline) igihe yinjiye mu jisho ryawe.

Ubu buryo bwo guhindura burashobora - dipivefrin irashobora kwinjira mu maso yawe byoroshye kuruta epinephrine isanzwe. Igihe imbere, enzymes z'amaso yawe zisanzwe zihindura mu buryo bukora akazi ko kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaso.

Uyu muti uza nk'igisubizo cyiza, kitagira ibara ushyira mu maso yawe. Bimaze imyaka myinshi bikoreshwa neza mu gufasha abantu gucunga umuvuduko w'amaso yabo no kurengera icyerekezo cyabo.

Dipivefrin ikoreshwa mu iki?

Dipivefrin cyane cyane yandikirwa kuvura indwara ebyiri zifitanye isano zirimo umuvuduko mwinshi imbere mu maso yawe. Zombi zishobora kwangiza imitsi yawe ya optique niba itavuwe.

Indwara nyamukuru dipivefrin ivura ni glaucoma ifunguye, ubwoko bwa glaucoma busanzwe. Muri iyi ndwara, amazi yiyongera mu jisho ryawe kuko adashobora kumeneka neza binyuze muri sisitemu isanzwe yo kumeneka y'ijisho. Ibi bitera umuvuduko ushobora buhoro buhoro kwangiza imitsi ya optique, bishobora gutera guhumana niba bitagenzurwa.

Dipivefrin ikoreshwa kandi mu kuvura umuvuduko mwinshi mu jisho, ni ukuvuga umuvuduko mwinshi mu jisho utagaragaza kwangirika kw'imitsi yo mu jisho nk'uko bigaragara muri glaucome. Bitekereze nk'ikimenyetso cyo kwirinda - umuvuduko wo mu jisho ryawe urazamutse, ariko icyo ubona ntikirahungabana. Kuwuvura hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kwirinda ko byagera kuri glaucome.

Mu bindi bihe, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba dipivefrin hamwe n'indi miti y'amaso kugira ngo ugere ku kugenzura neza umuvuduko. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza imiti ni ibisanzwe kandi akenshi bifite akamaro kurusha gukoresha umuti umwe gusa.

Dipivefrin ikora ite?

Dipivefrin ikora mu buryo bubiri bugabanya neza umuvuduko uri mu maso yawe. Ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye ku rugero ruciriritse ushobora gutanga igabanuka ry'umuvuduko rishingiye ku buryo ukoreshwa neza.

Icya mbere, uyu muti ugabanya umubare w'amazi (yitwa aqueous humor) amaso yawe akora. Amaso yawe akora aya mazi asobanutse buri gihe, ariko muri glaucome, haba hakozwe menshi cyane cyangwa ntashobore gusohoka neza. Mu kugabanya umusaruro, dipivefrin ifasha gukemura uruhande rumwe rw'iyi ngingo.

Icya kabiri, dipivefrin ifasha kunoza imikorere y'amazi asanzwe mu maso yawe. Ikora ku buryo bwo gusohoka kw'amaso kugira ngo ifashe amazi gusohoka neza, ikongera kugabanya umuvuduko wiyongera.

Uyu muti akenshi utangira gukora mu isaha imwe nyuma yo kuwukoresha, ibikorwa byinshi bikaba bibaho nyuma y'amasaha 4-6 nyuma yo kuwukoresha. Abantu benshi bamenya ko ibikorwa bigabanya umuvuduko bimara amasaha agera ku 12, niyo mpamvu akenshi wandikwa inshuro ebyiri ku munsi.

Nkwiriye gufata dipivefrin nte?

Gufata dipivefrin neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubashe kubona ibisubizo byiza mu gihe ugabanya ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Uyu muti uza mu buryo bw'amatonyi y'amaso uzashyira mu jisho ryawe ryagizweho ingaruka cyangwa mu maso yawe.

Tangira ubanza gukaraba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi. Utsindagire umutwe wawe inyuma gato hanyuma ukurure urupfu rwawe rwo hasi buhoro kugira ngo ureme umufuka muto. Fata urupfu rwa dropper hafi y'ijisho ryawe utariko urikora, hanyuma ukande urutonyanga rumwe mu mufuka waremye.

Nyuma yo gushyiraho urutonyanga, funga ijisho ryawe buhoro hanyuma ukande gato ku gice cy'imbere cy'ijisho ryawe hafi y'izuru ryawe mu gihe cy'umunota umwe. Ubu buryo, bita nasolacrimal occlusion, bufasha kwirinda ko imiti ivamo mu myanya yawe y'amarira kandi ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi.

Niba ukeneye gukoresha izindi miti y'amaso, tegera nibura iminota 5-10 hagati y'urutonyanga rutandukanye. Ibi bituma buri muti ufata igihe cyo kwinjizwa neza hatabanje gukaraba uwo mbere.

Ntabwo ukeneye gufata dipivefrin hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amata kuko ikoreshwa mu maso yawe. Ariko, gerageza kuyikoresha mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane kugenzura umuvuduko uhamye.

Nzamara igihe kingana iki mfata Dipivefrin?

Dipivefrin ni umuti ukoreshwa igihe kirekire ugomba gukoreshwa buri gihe kugira ngo ugumane kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaso neza. Glaucoma na ocular hypertension ni indwara zidakira zisaba gukomeza gucungwa aho gukoreshwa igihe gito.

Abantu benshi bakeneye gukoresha dipivefrin igihe cyose, kuko guhagarika umuti mubisanzwe bituma umuvuduko w'amaso usubira ku rwego rwo hejuru mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru. Muganga wawe azagenzura umuvuduko w'amaso yawe buri gihe kugira ngo yemeze ko umuti ukomeza gukora neza.

Mu mezi yawe ya mbere yo kuvurwa, birashoboka ko uzagira ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo wemeze ko umuti ukora neza kandi utatera ingaruka mbi. Iyo umuvuduko wawe uhamye, gusura mubisanzwe biragabanuka, akenshi buri mezi 3-6.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kuzagomba guhindura imiti cyangwa kongeraho imiti yindi niba dipivefrin itagikora neza uko igihe kigenda. Ibi ni ibisanzwe kandi ntibisobanura ko umuti wananiwe - bisobanura gusa ko gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa igomba guhindurwa.

Ni Iyihe Mbere Y'Ingaruka Ziterwa na Dipivefrin?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, dipivefrin irashobora gutera ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Kumenya icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha gutandukanya ingaruka zisanzwe zo guhinduka n'ibimenyetso bikeneye ubufasha bwa muganga.

Ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zijyanye n'amaso yawe kandi akenshi zoroheje. Izi ngaruka akenshi zinoza uko amaso yawe amenyera umuti mu byumweru byambere byo gukoresha.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zijyanye n'amaso zirimo:

• Kumva uribwa cyangwa uruma igihe ushyizeho amavuta ya mbere
• Kureba nabi by'agateganyo iminota mike nyuma yo kuyashyiraho
• Kugira ubwumvikane bwinshi ku rumuri
• Kumva nkaho hari ikintu kiri mu jisho ryawe
• Umutuku w'ijisho woroheje cyangwa kuribwa
• Amaso arira

Ibi bimenyetso akenshi ni iby'agateganyo kandi bikunda kugabanuka uko amaso yawe amenyera umuti. Niba bikomeje cyangwa bikiyongera nyuma y'ibyumweru bike, bimenyeshe muganga wawe.

Ingaruka zitazwi cyane ariko zikwiye kwitabwaho cyane zirashobora kubaho kuko dipivefrin ihinduka epinephrine mu mubiri wawe. Nubwo umuti mwinshi uguma mu jisho ryawe, ibice bito bishobora kwinjira mu maraso yawe no kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice by'umubiri wawe.

Ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zikwiye kwitabwaho na muganga zirimo:

• Umutima utera cyane cyangwa utagenda neza
• Uburibwe mu gituza cyangwa gufatana
• Kugufiwa umwuka
• Umutwe ukabije
• Kunyeganyega cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Kugira impungenge cyangwa kutagira umutuzo
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka

Ingaruka zitazwi cyane ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwa muganga bwihutirwa. Izi zirimo allergie zikabije zifite ibimenyetso nk'ukubyimba mu maso, kugorana guhumeka, cyangwa uruhu rwakwiriye hose.

Vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye ibimenyetso bibangamiye cyangwa niba ingaruka zisanzwe zikomeye cyangwa ntizikemuke uko igihe kigenda.

Ninde Utagomba Gukoresha Dipivefrin?

Dipivefrin ntibereye buri wese, kandi indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa ibihe bituma bitaba byiza cyangwa bidakora neza. Muganga wawe azasuzuma amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi neza mbere yo gutegeka uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gukoresha dipivefrin niba ufite ubwoko bumwe bwa glaucoma, byumwihariko glaucoma ifunga cyangwa glaucoma ifunga umwanya muto. Muri ibi bihe, dipivefrin irashobora rwose gukomeza ikibazo no gutuma umwanya amazi anyuramo ufungwa.

Abantu bafite indwara zihariye z'umutima bakeneye kwitonderwa by'umwihariko mbere yo gukoresha dipivefrin. Uyu muti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima wawe n'umuvuduko wawo, bityo ntibishoboka niba ufite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'umutima n'imitsi.

Ibihe bishobora gutuma hatemewe gukoresha dipivefrin birimo:

• Indwara ikomeye y'umutima cyangwa umutima wateye vuba
• Umubyigano w'amaraso udagenzurwa
• Umuvuduko w'umutima udasanzwe ukabije
• Hyperthyroidism (thyroid ikora cyane)
• Allergie izwi kuri dipivefrin cyangwa epinephrine
• Ubwo bwoko bwa glaucoma (ifunga)

Ubwitange bwihariye bukenewe kubantu barwaye diyabete, kuko dipivefrin ishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso. Niba urwaye diyabete, muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi cyane iyo utangiye uyu muti.

Abagore batwite kandi bonka bagomba kuganira ku byago n'inyungu n'umuganga wabo. Nubwo dipivefrin ishobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gutwita iyo bibaye ngombwa, igomba gukoreshwa gusa iyo inyungu ziruta ibyago bishoboka.

Amazina ya Dipivefrin

Dipivefrin iboneka munsi yamazina menshi y'ubwoko, nubwo izina ry'ubwoko bwambere ritagihari cyane mumihanda myinshi. Izina ry'ubwoko rizwi cyane ryari Propine, ryari risanzwe ritegekwa mumyaka myinshi.

Muri iki gihe, dipivefrin ikoreshwa cyane nk'umuti rusange, bivuze ko igurishwa mu izina ry'imiti y'ubutare aho kugurishwa mu izina ry'ubwoko bwihariye. Imiti rusange ifite ubushobozi bungana n'ubwoko bw'imiti izwi kandi akenshi irahendutse.

Iyo muganga wawe akwandikiye dipivefrin, farumasi ishobora kuyitanga mu mazina atandukanye y'abakora imiti rusange. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi n'ubushobozi biraguma kimwe hatitawe ku kigo kiyikora.

Niba ukoresha ubwoko bw'imiti izwi kandi ukeneye guhindurira ku muti rusange, ntugire impungenge - umuti uzakora kimwe. Ariko, buri gihe menyesha muganga wawe ku mpinduka zose z'aho umuti wawe ukomoka.

Izindi miti isimbura Dipivefrin

Imiti myinshi ishobora kuvura glaucoma na ocular hypertension niba dipivefrin itagukwiriye cyangwa ikaba itagikora neza. Muganga wawe afite uburyo bwinshi bwo gufasha kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaso yawe.

Izindi miti ikoreshwa cyane ni iy'ibice bitandukanye by'imiti ikora hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye. Buri gice gifite inyungu zacyo n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho, bigatuma muganga wawe ashobora gushaka umuti ugukwiriye neza mu bihe byawe byihariye.

Izindi miti isanzwe ikoreshwa harimo:

• Prostaglandin analogs (nka latanoprost, travoprost) - akenshi ni imiti ikoreshwa bwa mbere
• Beta-blockers (nka timolol, betaxolol) - igabanya umusaruro w'amazi
• Alpha-agonists (nka brimonidine) - igabanya umusaruro w'amazi kandi yongera imikorere y'amazi
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (nka dorzolamide) - igabanya umusaruro w'amazi
• Imiti ivanze irimo ibice byinshi by'imiti

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, indi miti ufata, n'uburyo wihanganira ingaruka iyo ahitamo izindi miti. Rimwe na rimwe uruvange rw'imiti rukora neza kurusha umuti umwe wenyine.

Niba amavuta yo mu maso atahagije, izindi nshuro nko gukoresha laser cyangwa kubaga birashobora gushyirwaho. Ubu buryo bushobora kugira akamaro kanini ku bantu batitabira imiti cyangwa bagira ibibazo byo gukoresha amavuta yo mu maso buri gihe.

Ese Dipivefrin iruta Timolol?

Dipivefrin na timolol zombi ni imiti ifasha kugabanya umuvuduko wo mu jisho, ariko zikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi zifite ibyiza n'ibibi byihariye. Nta na rimwe ryose ryiza cyane - guhitamo neza biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Timolol, umuti wa beta-blocker, akenshi ifatwa nk'umuti wa mbere kuko ifasha cyane kugabanya umuvuduko wo mu jisho kandi akenshi yihanganirwa neza. Ikora igabanya amazi mu maso yawe, kandi abantu benshi barashobora kuyikoresha nta ngaruka zikomeye.

Dipivefrin ishobora gukundwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane niba ufite indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero nka asima cyangwa COPD. Bitandukanye na timolol, ishobora gutuma ibibazo byo guhumeka birushaho kuba bibi, dipivefrin akenshi irinzwe ku bantu bafite indwara z'ibihaha.

Ariko, timolol ikoreshwa kenshi kuko ikunda gutera ingaruka nke zijyanye n'amaso nk'ubushye cyangwa kuruma. Iraboneka kandi mu buryo bwinshi, harimo n'uburyo bumwe bwo gukoresha umunsi umwe abantu bamwe basanga byoroshye.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku mateka yawe yose y'ubuzima, izindi miti, n'ibyo ukunda mugihe uhitamo hagati y'izi nzira. Rimwe na rimwe bashobora no kuyandika bombi kugirango barusheho kugenzura umuvuduko.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Dipivefrin

Ese Dipivefrin irinzwe ku ndwara z'umutima?

Dipivefrin isaba kwitonderwa niba ufite indwara z'umutima, kuko ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imitsi yawe. Mugihe umuti ushyirwa mu maso yawe, ibice bito bishobora kwinjira mu maraso yawe kandi bikagira ingaruka ku mutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Abantu bafite indwara y'umutima yoroheje, itajegajega bashobora gukoresha dipivefrin mu buryo bwizewe bayobowe n'abaganga. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu zo kugenzura umuvuduko w'ijisho ryawe n'ibishobora guteza umutima wawe.

Niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'umutima, watewe n'umutima vuba aha, cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi utagenzurwa, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo umuti utandukanye. Hariho izindi miti myinshi ikora neza ivura glaucoma itagira ibibazo by'umutima nk'ibyo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nkoresheje dipivefrin nyinshi ku buryo butunganye?

Niba ukoresheje dipivefrin nyinshi ku buryo butunganye kuruta uko byategetswe, ntugahungabane, ariko ubifate nk'ibintu bikomeye. Gukoresha nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti, cyane cyane izo zireba umutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Koresha amazi meza mu kumesa ijisho ryawe buhoro kugirango ukuremo umuti urenze urugero, hanyuma wigenzure niba hari ibimenyetso nk'umutima utera vuba, kubabara mu gituza, kubabara umutwe cyane, cyangwa kumva uhangayitse cyangwa utuje. Ibi bimenyetso birerekana ko umuti ugira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe wose, atari gusa ku maso yawe.

Vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti kugirango baguhe ubujyanama, cyane cyane niba ufite ibimenyetso bibangamiye. Barashobora kukugira inama y'icyo ugomba kwitaho niba ukeneye ubufasha bwihuse bw'ubuvuzi.

Mugukingira mu gihe kizaza, burigihe genzura kabiri ko ukoresha umubare w'amatonyi ukwiye kandi wirinde kuryamisha icupa cyane, bishobora gutuma amatonyi menshi asohoka icyarimwe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nsubije urugero rwa dipivefrin?

Niba usubije urugero rwa dipivefrin, rishyireho ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereje urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muri urwo rubanza, reka urugero rwasubijwe hanyuma ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntugasabe urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugirango "ukosore" - ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso byo kurenza urugero kandi bishobora gutera ingaruka ziteje akaga. Kugenzura umuvuduko w'ijisho ryawe bikomeza neza hamwe n'urugero ruhamye, rwatanzwe neza kuruta kugerageza gusubiza izasubijwe.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa imiti, gerageza gushyiraho ibyibutsa kuri terefone yawe cyangwa ukoreshe igikoresho cyo gutegura imiti. Gukoresha imiti buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo urinde ijisho ryawe kandi urilinde.

Vugana na muganga wawe niba waribagiwe imiti myinshi cyangwa niba ugira ikibazo cyo kwibuka gukoresha imiti yawe buri gihe. Ashobora kugusaba ingamba cyangwa imiti itandukanye ijyanye neza n'ubuzima bwawe.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Dipivefrin?

Ntabwo ugomba kureka gufata dipivefrin utabanje kubaza muganga wawe, kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza cyangwa utekereza ko amaso yawe ameze neza. Glaucoma na ocular hypertension ni indwara zidakira zisaba kuvurwa buri gihe kugira ngo zirinde guhumana.

Igikorwa cy'ijisho ryawe gishobora gusubira ku rwego rwo hejuru mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru nyuma yo kureka imiti, bigashyira mu kaga ijisho ryawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho kabone n'iyo utabonye ibimenyetso, kuko igikorwa cy'ijisho ryawe cyo hejuru akenshi ntigiteza ububabare cyangwa impinduka zigaragara mu maso kugeza igihe byangiritse.

Muganga wawe azagena igihe cyangwa niba byemewe kureka dipivefrin bitewe n'uko ijisho ryawe rikora, ubuzima bw'ijisho ryawe muri rusange, n'uburyo ryitwara ku miti. Rimwe na rimwe bashobora kuguha undi muti utandukanye aho kureka kuvura rwose.

Niba ufite ingaruka zikubangamiye cyangwa ugira ikibazo cyo gukoresha imiti, vugana n'umuganga wawe kuri ibyo bibazo. Akenshi bashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvura kugira ngo bakemure ibi bibazo mugihe barinda ijisho ryawe.

Nshobora kwambara amaso y'amazi nkanakoresha Dipivefrin?

Muri rusange ushobora kwambara amaso y'amazi nkanakoresha dipivefrin, ariko uzakenera gukurikiza amabwiriza yihariye kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo. Uyu muti ushobora gukorana n'amoko amwe y'amaso y'amazi kandi ashobora gutera kutumva neza niba adakoreshejwe neza.

Kura amaso yawe mbere yo gukoresha dipivefrin, hanyuma utegereze byibuze iminota 15 mbere yo kongera kuyashyiramo. Ibi bituma umuti winjizwa neza kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kubungabunga ibiri mu matonyi y'amaso bigatera kwangirika kw'amaso cyangwa kuribwa kw'amaso.

Abantu bamwe basanga dipivefrin ituma amaso yabo yumva yumye cyangwa arishye, ibyo bishobora gutuma kwambara amaso bitaba byiza. Niba ubyumva, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gukoresha amarira y'ubwenge adafite ibibungabunga cyangwa guhindura gahunda yawe yo kwambara amaso.

Buri gihe ukurikize amabwiriza yihariye y'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye no gukoresha amaso hamwe n'imiti yawe ya glaucoma, kuko ibintu byihariye bishobora gusaba uburyo butandukanye.