Disulfiram ni iki: Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Disulfiram ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha abantu kureka kunywa inzoga abatera kurwara iyo banyoye inzoga izo ari zo zose. Bitekereze nk'urukweto rw'umutekano rutera igikorwa gihutiyeho, kidashimishije igihe cyose inzoga yinjira mu mubiri wawe, ibyo bikaba bifasha guca uruziga rwo kw dependency ku nzoga.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ufasha abantu gutsinda ubusinzi. Ukora ubu ukaba ubuza umubiri wawe gukora inzoga uko bisanzwe, ugakora ingaruka zikomeye zo gutera ubwoba zishyigikira icyemezo cyawe cyo kureka inzoga.

Disulfiram ni iki?

Disulfiram ni umuti uvanga n'uburyo umubiri wawe usenyuka inzoga. Iyo ufata disulfiram buri gihe, ibuza enzyme yitwa aldehyde dehydrogenase, ikaba ari ngombwa mu gukora inzoga mu mwijima wawe.

Utarimo iyi enzyme ikora neza, ibintu byangiza byiyongera mu maraso yawe iyo unyoye inzoga. Ibi bitera ibimenyetso byihuse kandi bidashimishije bishobora kumara amasaha menshi, bigatuma kunywa inzoga bitaba byiza kandi bishobora guteza akaga.

Umuti ubwawo ntugutera kurwara wenyine. Utera ibibazo gusa iyo uvangitiranwe n'inzoga, ibyo bikaba aribyo bifasha abantu kugumana ubuzima bwiza butanywa inzoga binyuze mu gukora inzitizi ikomeye yo mu mutwe no mu mubiri yo kunywa.

Disulfiram ikoreshwa mu iki?

Disulfiram ahanini yandikirwa gufasha abantu bafite ubusinzi buhoraho kugumana ubuzima bwiza butanywa inzoga. Bikora neza cyane iyo umaze kwiyemeza kureka kunywa kandi ukeneye ubufasha bwiyongera kugirango wirinde gusubira mu nzoga.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba disulfiram niba wagerageje izindi nzira zo kureka kunywa ariko ukisanga usubira mu nzoga mu bihe by'intege nke cyangwa umunabi. Uyu muti ukora neza nk'igice cy'umugambi wuzuye w'ubuvuzi urimo inama, amatsinda ashyigikira, n'imibereho ihinduka.

Ni ingenzi gusobanukirwa ko disulfiram atari umuti wo kuvura ubusinzi. Ahubwo, ni igikoresho kiguha umwanya wo gukora uburyo bwo guhangana n'ibibazo bifite ubuzima bwiza mu gihe umubiri wawe n'ubwenge bwawe bikira ku businzi.

Disulfiram ikora ite?

Disulfiram ikora ibuza uruganda rwingenzi mu mwijima wawe rusanzwe rusenya alukolo. Iyo unyweye alukolo, umubiri wawe ubanza kuyihindura acetaldehyde, hanyuma ukoresha uruganda rwitwa aldehyde dehydrogenase kugirango rusenye iyi ntungamubiri.

Iyo disulfiram ibuza uru ruganda, acetaldehyde yiyongera mu maraso yawe aho gukurwaho. Ibi byiyongera bitera ibimenyetso byihuse kandi bikomeye birimo isesemi, kuruka, gushyuha, umutima wihuta, no guhumeka bigoranye.

Ubusanzwe iyi ngaruka itangira mu minota 10-30 nyuma yo kunywa alukolo kandi ishobora kumara amasaha menshi. Ndetse n'utuntu duto twa alukolo tuvuye mu bintu nk'umuti wo mu kanwa, divayi yo guteka, cyangwa imiti imwe na imwe bishobora gutera iyi ngaruka, bigatuma iba ikintu gikomeye cyane.

Nkwiriye gufata disulfiram nte?

Fata disulfiram nkuko byategetswe na muganga wawe, akenshi rimwe ku munsi mu gitondo. Urashobora kuyifata hamwe cyangwa utayifatanije n'ibiryo, ariko kuyifata n'ifunguro rya mugitondo birashobora kugufasha kwibuka urugero rwawe rwa buri munsi no kugabanya ibibazo byose byo mu gifu.

Mimina ikinini cyose hamwe n'ikirahure kinini cy'amazi. Ntugasenya, ntukore, cyangwa ucagagure ikinini, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti winjizwa mu mubiri wawe.

Mbere yo gutangira disulfiram, ugomba kuba udafite alukolo rwose byibuze amasaha 12, nubwo abaganga benshi basaba gutegereza amasaha 24-48. Iki gihe cyo gutegereza ni ingenzi kuko gufata disulfiram vuba na nyuma yo kunywa bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye.

Ni ngombwa kwirinda inkomoko zose za alukolo mugihe ufata uyu muti. Ibi birimo inkomoko zigaragara nka byeri, divayi, na spirit, ariko kandi na alukolo yihishe mu bicuruzwa nk'imiti imwe yo mu kanwa, amavuta yo gukorora, ibicuruzwa byo guteka, ndetse n'ibiryo bimwe na bimwe byateguwe na alukolo.

Nzamara Nde Kugira Disulfiram?

Igihe cyo kuvura na disulfiram gitandukanye cyane ku muntu ku muntu kandi biterwa n'intego zawe bwite zo koroherwa n'imigendekere yawe. Abantu bamwe barayifata mu mezi make, abandi bashobora kuyikoresha umwaka cyangwa kurenza.

Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango amenye igihe gikwiye gishingiye ku bintu nk'amateka yawe yo kunywa, izindi mvura urimo guhabwa, n'uburyo urimo gusubiza imiti. Abantu benshi basanga gufata disulfiram byibuze amezi 6-12 bibaha igihe gihagije cyo gukura imico ikomeye yo kutanywa.

Umuti ukomeza kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutunganya alukolo kugeza ku byumweru bibiri nyuma yo kureka kuwufata. Ibi bivuze ko ugomba kwirinda alukolo ndetse na nyuma yo guhagarika disulfiram kugeza muganga wawe yemeje ko bifite umutekano kugira alukolo mu mubiri wawe.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Disulfiram?

Iyo ifashwe itarimo alukolo, disulfiram akenshi itera ingaruka zoroheje akenshi zinozwa uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti. Ingaruka zisanzwe zibaho mu byumweru bike bya mbere byo kuvurwa.

Dore ingaruka ushobora guhura nazo nubwo wirinda alukolo rwose:

• Gusinzira cyangwa kunanirwa, cyane cyane mu byumweru bike bya mbere
• Uburyohe bwa metali cyangwa bwa tungurusumu mu kanwa kawe
• Uruhu rurashya cyangwa ibiheri bimeze nk'ibicurane
• Umutwe ukenshi unozwa uko igihe kigenda
• Umuzunguzungu, cyane cyane iyo uhagurutse vuba
• Urubuza mu nda cyangwa isesemi, cyane cyane ku gifu cyambaye ubusa

Izi ngaruka muri rusange zirashoboka kandi akenshi zigenda uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti. Niba zikomeje cyangwa zikaba zikubangamiye, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no guhindura urugero rwawe cyangwa igihe.

Ingaruka zikomeye ziterwa n’imiti ntizikunze kubaho ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw’abaganga. Zishobora kuba zirimo ibibazo bikomeye by’umwijima, kwangirika kw’imitsi, cyangwa impinduka mu buzima bwo mu mutwe nk’agahinda gakabije cyangwa indwara zo mu mutwe, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe.

Ninde utagomba gufata Disulfiram?

Disulfiram ntibitewe umutekano kuri buri wese, kandi indwara zimwe na zimwe zituma bigoye gukoreshwa. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kugutangira uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata disulfiram niba ufite izi ndwara:

• Indwara ikomeye y'umutima cyangwa indwara y'imitsi y'umutima
• Indwara y'umwijima ikora cyangwa kwangirika gukomeye kw'umwijima
• Indwara y'impyiko cyangwa imikorere mibi y'impyiko
• Indwara yo mu mutwe cyangwa indwara ikomeye yo mu mutwe
• Uburwayi bwo gufatwa n'indwara yo mu mutwe cyangwa indwara yo gufatwa
• Diabetes ifite ubugenzuzi buke bw'isukari mu maraso
• Indwara ya thyroïde, cyane cyane hyperthyroïdie

Kugira inda no konsa nabyo bituma disulfiram itagira akamaro, kuko ishobora kwangiza abana bakiri bato. Niba utwite cyangwa ufite gahunda yo gutwita, ganira n'abaganga ku bindi bisubizo bifite umutekano.

Imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora gukorana nabi na disulfiram, harimo imiti ituma amaraso ataguma, imiti ivura indwara zo gufatwa, na antibiyotike zimwe na zimwe. Buri gihe bwire muganga wawe imiti yose n'ibyongerera imiti urimo gufata.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Disulfiram

Disulfiram iboneka munsi y'izina ry'ubwoko bwa Antabuse, rikaba ari ryo rimenyerewe cyane rya uyu muti. Tablette za Antabuse ziza mu mbaraga za 250mg na 500mg.

Disulfiram rusange nayo iraboneka kandi ikora neza nk'uburyo bw'izina ry'ubwoko. Uburyo rusange akenshi buhendutse kandi bushobora kwishyurwa neza n'ubwishingizi.

Niba wakira Antabuse y'izina ry'ubwoko cyangwa disulfiram rusange, umuti urimo ibikoresho bimwe bikora kandi bizagira ingaruka zimwe ku bushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gutunganya alukolo.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Disulfiram

Niba disulfiram itagukwiriye, hari izindi miti nyinshi zishobora kugufasha mu kwikuramo ubusinzi. Naltrexone ni undi muti usanzwe wandikwa, ukora mu buryo butandukanye kuko ugabanya irari ryo kunywa inzoga aho kugutera kurwara.

Acamprosate ni undi muti ushobora gufasha mu gusubiza uburinganire bw'imiti mu bwonko bwawe busanzwe buhungabanywa n'inzoga. Bitandukanye na disulfiram, ntigutera kurwara nuramuka unyweye, ariko ishobora kugufasha kugabanya irari ryo kunywa inzoga.

Topiramate na gabapentin rimwe na rimwe zandikirwa abantu bafite ubusinzi, cyane cyane niba ufite izindi ndwara nko guhangayika cyangwa indwara zo mu mutwe, izi miti zikaba zishobora no kuvura izo ndwara.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba uburyo butari ubw'imiti nk'inama zikomeye, amatsinda yo gufashanya, cyangwa gahunda zo kuvurirwa mu bitaro, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugira akamaro kanini haba wenyine cyangwa hamwe n'imiti.

Ese Disulfiram iruta Naltrexone?

Disulfiram na naltrexone bikora mu buryo butandukanye rwose, bityo rero, uwo ari we

Ese Disulfiram ifitiye umutekano abarwayi ba diyabete?

Disulfiram ishobora gukoreshwa n'abarwayi ba diyabete, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza no kugenzura isukari mu maraso neza. Uyu muti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku kigero cy'isukari mu maraso yawe kandi ushobora guhura n'imiti imwe ya diyabete.

Niba urwaye diyabete, muganga wawe azashaka gukurikirana isukari yawe mu maraso igihe utangiye gukoresha disulfiram. Ushobora gukenera guhindura imiti yawe ya diyabete cyangwa ukagenzura isukari yawe mu maraso kenshi.

Abantu bafite diyabete itagenzurwa neza cyangwa ibibazo bya diyabete nk'uburwayi bw'imitsi cyangwa ibibazo by'impyiko ntibashobora kuba abakandida beza ba disulfiram. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'imicungire ya diyabete mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye disulfiram nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye?

Niba unyweye disulfiram nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ugenzura uburozi ako kanya, kabone niyo utiyumva urwaye. Kunywa disulfiram nyinshi bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane niba wanyoye inzoga vuba.

Ibimenyetso byo kurenza urugero rwa disulfiram birimo isesemi ikabije, kuruka, urujijo, guhumeka bigoranye, n'ibibazo by'umutima. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora guteza ubuzima bw'akaga kandi bisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.

Ntugerageze kwivugisha cyangwa gufata indi miti iyo ariyo yose keretse niba byategetswe n'abaganga. Bika urupapuro rw'umuti hamwe nawe igihe ushakisha ubuvuzi kugirango abaganga bamenye neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije doze ya disulfiram?

Niba wibagiwe doze ya disulfiram, yifate ako kanya wibukiraho, keretse igihe cyo gufata doze yawe ikurikira kigeze. Muri icyo gihe, reka doze wibagiwe hanyuma ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo gufata imiti.

Ntugasuzume imiti ibiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero rwasibye, kuko ibyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa imiti, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe umuteguro w'imiti kugira ngo bigufashe kuguma ku murongo.

Kusiba imiti rimwe na rimwe ntizagutera ikibazo, ariko guhora ukoresha imiti ni ingenzi kugira ngo ikore neza. Niba usiba imiti buri gihe, umuti ntushobora gutanga uburinzi buhagije ku kunywa inzoga.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Disulfiram?

Ugomba kureka gufata disulfiram gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe, kabone n'iyo wumva ufite icyizere cyo kutanywa inzoga. Kureka kare cyangwa utagize ubufasha bukwiriye bishobora kongera ibyago byo gusubira mu ngeso mbi.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'igihe umaze utanywa inzoga, iterambere ryawe mu kuganirizwa cyangwa amatsinda ashyigikira, n'ubuzima bwawe bwose bwo mu mutwe mbere yo kugusaba kureka. Abantu benshi bungukira mu gufata disulfiram byibuze amezi 6-12.

Wibuke ko disulfiram ikomeza kugira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri nyuma yo kureka kuyifata. Ugomba gukomeza kwirinda inzoga zose muri iki gihe, kuko uracyashobora guhura n'ingaruka ziteje akaga kabone n'iyo umaze kureka gukoresha umuti.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nyuma yo kureka Disulfiram?

Ugomba gutegereza byibuze ibyumweru bibiri nyuma yo kureka disulfiram mbere yo kunywa inzoga. Uyu muti ukomeza kubuza enzyme itunganya inzoga mu gihe cy'iminsi 14 nyuma ya dose yawe ya nyuma.

Ariko, kuba ari byiza mu buryo bw'umubiri kunywa ntibisobanura ko bigomba gukorwa. Niba wafataga disulfiram kugira ngo ifashe mu guhangana no kw dependency ku nzoga, kongera kunywa byagutera gusubira mu ngeso mbi.

Mbere yo gutekereza kunywa inzoga nyuma yo guhagarika disulfiram, ganira ukuri na muganga wawe, umujyanama, cyangwa itsinda rigushyigikiye ku ntego zawe zo koroherwa n'ibibazo by'uburwayi n'ibibazo bishobora kuvuka. Abantu benshi basanga gukomeza kutanywa inzoga na gato ari uburyo bwiza bwo gukira burundu.