Icyo Edaravone ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo kuyifata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Edaravone ni umuti utangwa unyuze mu muyoboro w'amaraso (intravenous) kugira ngo ufashishe kugabanya umuvuduko wa ALS, izwi kandi ku izina rya indwara ya Lou Gehrig. Uyu muti ukora nk'umuti ukomeye urwanya ubusharire, bivuze ko ufasha kurengera uturemangingo twawe tw'imitsi dukomoka ku kwangirika guterwa n'utunyangingo twangiza twitwa free radicals.

Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu ukwitaho yarwaye ALS, kumenya ibya edaravone bishobora kumera nk'ibigoye. Inkuru nziza ni uko uyu muti uhagarariye icyizere - wagenewe by'umwihariko gufasha kubungabunga imikorere ya motor neurons, uturemangingo tw'imitsi tugenzura imitsi yawe.

Edaravone ni iki?

Edaravone ni umuti urengera imitsi ukaba mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa free radical scavengers. Tekereza nk'icyuma gifasha kurengera uturemangingo twawe tw'imitsi kuva ku stress ya oxidative - ubwoko bwo kwangirika kw'uturemangingo bifite uruhare runini mu kugenda kwa ALS.

Uyu muti wabanje gukorerwa mu Buyapani kugira ngo uvure abarwayi ba stroke. Abashakashatsi bavumbuye ko ingaruka zimwe zo kurengera yari ifite ku turemangingo tw'ubwonko zishobora no gufasha abantu barwaye ALS. FDA yemeye edaravone yo kuvura ALS mu 2017, bituma iba umuti wa kabiri wemewe by'umwihariko kuri iyi ndwara.

Ibi ntibivura ALS, ariko bishobora gufasha kugabanya umuvuduko w'indwara ku barwayi bamwe. Muganga wawe azemeza niba uri umukandida mwiza hashingiwe ku ndwara yawe yihariye n'igihe urimo mu rugendo rw'indwara.

Edaravone ikoreshwa mu iki?

Edaravone yemerewe by'umwihariko kuvura amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), indwara igenda yangiza imitsi igakomera, ikibasira uturemangingo tw'imitsi mu bwonko bwawe no mu mugongo. ALS buhoro buhoro ituma imitsi yose yo mu mubiri wawe igabanuka imbaraga, ikagira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo kugenda, kuvuga, kurya, kandi amaherezo guhumeka.

Umuti ukora neza iyo utangiye hakiri kare mu gihe cyo kurwara. Muganga wawe akenshi azagusaba edaravone niba ufite ALS yemejwe cyangwa ishobora kuba ari yo kandi ukiri mu ntangiriro. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko bishobora gufasha kubungabunga ubushobozi bwawe bwa buri munsi igihe kirekire ugereranije no kutavurwa.

Si buri wese ufite ALS uzungukirwa na edaravone. Itsinda ryawe ryita ku buzima rizasuzuma ibintu nk'uko indwara yawe igenda ikura, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira imiti ya IV mbere yo gusaba uyu muti.

Edaavone ikora ite?

Edaavone ikora ifata no gukuraho imirasire y'ubuntu - molekile zitajegajega zishobora kwangiza imitsi yawe. Muri ALS, iyi mirasire y'ubuntu yiyongera kandi igatuma imitsi ya moteri ipfa, imitsi yihariye igenzura imitsi yawe.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'umuti urinda imitsi ifite imbaraga ziringaniye. Ntiwihagarika ALS rwose, ariko irashobora gutuma kwangirika kwa selile bigenda bigenda gahoro. Tekereza nk'uko ushyiraho sunscreen - ntibibuza kwangirika kw'izuba ryose, ariko biragabanya cyane.

Uyu muti kandi ufasha kugabanya umubyimbire mu mikoranire yawe y'imitsi kandi ushobora kunoza imikorere ya mitochondria, imbaraga ntoya ziri muri selile zawe. Mugihe urinda ibi bikorwa bya selile, edaravone ifasha imitsi yawe ya moteri kuguma ifite ubuzima bwiza igihe kirekire.

Nkwiriye gufata edaravone nte?

Edaavone itangwa gusa binyuze muri IV muri ikigo cy'ubuvuzi - ntushobora gufata uyu muti mu rugo unywa. Ubuvuzi bukurikiza uburyo bwihariye buhindagurika hagati y'ibihe by'ubuvuzi n'ibihe by'ikiruhuko.

Dore uko gahunda isanzwe yo kuvura isa:

• Uruziga rwa mbere: Inshinge za IV buri munsi mu gihe cy'iminsi 14, hanyuma iminsi 14 yo kuruhuka
• Uruziga rukurikira: Inshinge za IV buri munsi mu gihe cy'iminsi 10 mu gihe cy'iminsi 14, hanyuma iminsi 14 yo kuruhuka
• Inshinge zose zifata iminota 60 kugira ngo zirangire
• Uzaba ukeneye gusura ikigo cy'ubuvuzi cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe gutera inshinge kugira ngo uvurwe

Ntabwo ukeneye kurya ikintu cyihariye mbere yo guterwa urushinge, ariko kuguma ufite amazi ahagije bifasha umubiri wawe gukora imiti neza. Abantu bamwe babona ko bifasha kuzana igitabo cyangwa tablet kugira ngo banyaruke mu gihe cy'isaha yo guterwa urushinge.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rizagukurikiranira hafi mu gihe cy'urushinge rwose kugira ngo barebe niba hari ingaruka zose ziterwa n'iyo miti. Bazanakurikirana ibimenyetso byawe bya ALS uko iminsi igenda kugira ngo barebe uko umuti ukora neza kuri wowe.

Nzagenda Ndega Edaravone Igihe Kingana Gite?

Ubugufi bwo kuvurwa na edaravone butandukana ku muntu ku muntu kandi biterwa n'uko wakira neza umuti. Abantu benshi bakomeza kuvurwa igihe cyose babifitemo akamaro kandi bashobora kwihanganira ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma iterambere ryawe buri mezi make akoresheje ibipimo bya ALS byemewe. Ibi bisuzuma bifasha kumenya niba umuti ugabanya neza indwara yawe. Niba ugaragaza inyungu zigaragara, itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rishobora kugusaba gukomeza kuvurwa.

Abantu bamwe bafata edaravone mu mezi menshi cyangwa imyaka, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukenera guhagarara mbere kubera ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti cyangwa uko indwara ikomeza. Umwanzuro wo gukomeza cyangwa guhagarika kuvurwa ugomba gufatwa buri gihe hamwe n'itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima, ukurikiza imibereho yawe yose n'intego zo kuvurwa.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Edaravone?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, edaravone irashobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uzibona. Kumva icyo witegura birashobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi ufite icyizere ku kuvurwa kwawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunze kuba zoroshye kandi zishobora gucungwa:

• Urubavu cyangwa kubyimba ahantu batera urushinge
• Umutwe
• Uruhu ruruka cyangwa kuribwa
• Isesemi cyangwa kurwara inda
• Umuvumo cyangwa kumva urushije
• Kugira umunaniro nyuma yo kuvurwa

Ibi bibazo bisanzwe bikunda gukira uko umubiri wawe ukimenyereza umuti. Itsinda ry'abaganga baragufasha kubicunga, nko gushyira urubura ahantu batera urushinge cyangwa gufata imiti igabanya isesemi.

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunda kubaho ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga:

• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi (kubura umwuka, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo)
• Impinduka zikomeye mu mikorere y'impyiko
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uruhu cyangwa ibiheri byinshi
• Ukuvuna cyangwa urubavu bidasanzwe
• Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu ahantu batera urushinge (gushyushya cyane, gushyuha, cyangwa ibishyitsi)

Itsinda ry'abaganga bazakugenzura neza kubera ibi bibazo bikomeye. Bazagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe buri gihe binyuze mu igeragezwa ry'amaraso kandi barebe ibimenyetso byose by'uburwayi mu gihe cyo guterwa imiti.

Ninde utagomba gufata Edaravone?

Edaravone ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese ufite ALS. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba uyu muti ukwiriye kuri wowe hashingiwe ku bintu byinshi by'ingenzi.

Ntugomba gufata edaravone niba ufite:

• Uburwayi buzwi bwa edaravone cyangwa ibintu byose bigize yo
• Uburwayi bukomeye bw'impyiko cyangwa kunanirwa kw'impyiko
• Amateka y'uburwayi bukomeye ku miti iterwa mu nshinge
• ALS yateye imbere aho umuti udashobora gutanga inyungu
• Ubwoko bumwe bwa ALS butaragaragaje neza kuri edaravone mu bushakashatsi

Muganga wawe azatekereza kandi ku buzima bwawe muri rusange, harimo imikorere y'umutima wawe, ubuzima bw'umwijima, n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira imiti iterwa mu nshinge buri gihe. Niba utwite cyangwa wonka, ibyago n'inyungu bizakenera kuganirwaho neza n'itsinda ry'abaganga.

Imyaka yonyine ntigutera kuba utemerewe kuvurwa na edaravone, ariko abantu bakuze bashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa neza kubera ko bashobora kwitwara nabi ku miti kandi bakagira ibyago byinshi byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n’iyo miti.

Izina ry’ubwoko bwa Edaravone

Edaravone igurishwa ku izina ry’ubwoko rya Radicava muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Uwo muti ukorwa na Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma kandi niwo muti wa mbere mushya wo kuvura ALS wemewe na FDA mu myaka irenga 20.

Ushobora no kuwubona wanditse ku izina ry’ubwoko rya edaravone, mu nyandiko z’ubuvuzi cyangwa mu nyandiko z’ubwishingizi. Ayo mazina yombi yerekeza ku muti umwe ufite ikintu kimwe gikora.

Izina ry’ubwoko rya Radicava rikomoka ku ijambo “radical,” risobanura ibintu byangiza by’ubuntu uwo muti ufasha gukuraho. Ibi bishobora kugufasha kwibuka icyo uwo muti ukora – ukora ku bintu byangiza mu mubiri wawe.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Edaravone

Ubu, hari uburyo buke bwo kuvura ALS, bituma edaravone iba ingirakamaro cyane. Umuti usimbuza uwo ni riluzole (izina ry’ubwoko rya Rilutek), uwo ukaba ariwo muti wa mbere wemerewe kuvura ALS.

Riluzole ikora mu buryo butandukanye na edaravone – ifasha kugabanya irekurwa rya glutamate, umuti wo mu bwonko ushobora kwangiza imitsi ikoresha imbaraga iyo ibonetse mu bwinshi. Abantu benshi barwaye ALS bafata iyo miti yombi icyarimwe, kuko ikora mu buryo butandukanye.

Ubuvuzi bundi bufasha burimo:

• Kuvurwa mu buryo bw’imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo imbaraga z’imitsi zikomeze kandi zikore neza
• Kuvurwa mu buryo bw’imyitozo yo kuvuga kugira ngo bifashe mu itumanaho no kumeza
• Kuvurwa mu buryo bw’imyitozo yo guhumeka kugira ngo bifashe imikorere yo guhumeka
• Ubufasha mu by’imirire kugira ngo umubiri ugire ubuzima bwiza
• Ibikoresho bifasha kugira ngo bifashe mu bikorwa bya buri munsi

Itsinda ryawe ry’ubuvuzi rizakorana nawe kugira ngo bakore gahunda yuzuye yo kuvura ishobora kuba irimo edaravone hamwe n’ubwo bundi bufasha. Intego ni ukurinda ubuzima bwawe bwiza no kwigenga igihe kirekire gishoboka.

Ese Edaravone iruta Riluzole?

Edaravone na riluzole bikora binyuze mu buryo butandukanye, bityo ntibigereranywa mu buryo bweruye – ubitekerezeho nk'ibikoresho bitandukanye mu bikoresho byawe byo kuvura aho kuba amahitamo ahanganye. Abaganga benshi basaba gukoresha imiti yombi icyarimwe igihe bikwiye.

Riluzole imaze igihe kinini kandi ifite amakuru menshi y'ubushakashatsi. Ifatwa nk'ikibazo kabiri ku munsi, bituma byoroha kurusha imiti ya edaravone ya IV. Ariko, edaravone ishobora gutanga inyungu riluzole itatanga kubera uburyo bwayo butandukanye bwo gukora.

Ubushakashatsi buvuga ko edaravone ishobora gukora neza mu kubungabunga ubushobozi bwa buri munsi, mugihe riluzole ishobora gukora neza mu kongera igihe cyo kubaho muri rusange. Muganga wawe azagufasha gusobanukirwa umuti cyangwa uruvange rw'imiti rukora neza kubera imiterere yawe yihariye.

Gu hitamo hagati y'iyi miti biterwa n'ibintu nk'icyiciro cy'indwara yawe, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira imiti ya IV, ubwishingizi, n'ibyo ukunda ku bijyanye no korohereza imiti ugereranije n'inyungu zishoboka.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Edaravone

Ese Edaravone irakwiriye abantu barwaye indwara z'umutima?

Edaravone muri rusange irashobora gukoreshwa neza ku bantu barwaye indwara z'umutima, ariko umuganga wawe w'umutima n'umuganga w'imitsi bazakenera gukorana kugirango bakugenzure neza. Uyu muti ntugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umutima, ariko imiti ya IV yongera amazi mu mubiri wawe.

Niba ufite umutima wananiwe cyangwa izindi ndwara aho amazi yongerewe ashobora kuba ikibazo, ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izagukurikiranira hafi mugihe cyo gutera imiti. Bashobora guhindura umuvuduko wo gutera imiti cyangwa bagasaba imiti yinyongera kugirango ifashe umubiri wawe guhangana n'amazi yongerewe.

Mbere yo gutangira edaravone, menya neza ko muganga wawe azi ibijyanye n'indwara z'umutima, imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, cyangwa amateka y'ibibazo by'umutima. Iri somo ribafasha gutanga ubuvuzi bwizewe bushoboka.

Ninkora iki niba nirengagije urukingo rwa Edaravone?

Niba wirengagije urukingo rwa edaravone rwari ruteganyijwe, vugana n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima vuba bishoboka kugira ngo utegure bundi bushya. Ntukagerageze "kwihutisha" utegura inkingo zinyongera – ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi utagize inyungu zinyongera.

Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izagufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo gusubira mu murongo w'iteganyirizwa ryawe ry'imiti. Mu bihe byinshi, bazakomeza gukoresha gahunda yawe isanzwe kuva aho wasoreje.

Kwirengagiza urukingo rumwe cyangwa ebyiri rimwe na rimwe ntizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'imiti yawe. Ariko, kenshi na kenshi kwirengagiza imiti bishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bw'umuti bwo gutinda iterambere ry'indwara, bityo ni ngombwa gukomeza imiti ihoraho igihe bishoboka.

Ninkora iki niba ngize ingaruka mbi mugihe cyo guterwa urukingo?

Niba ugize ibimenyetso bibabaje mugihe uterwa urukingo rwa edaravone, bimenyeshe ikipe yawe y'ubuzima ako kanya. Batojwe kumenya no gucunga ingaruka ziterwa n'urukingo vuba kandi neza.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe nk'isuka ryoroheje, kubabara umutwe, cyangwa isereri akenshi bishobora gucungwa no kugabanya umuvuduko w'urukingo cyangwa kuguha imiti ifasha mu gukemura ibimenyetso. Ikipe yawe y'abaganga ishobora kandi kuguha amazi ya IV kugira ngo bagufashe kumva neza.

Kubijyanye n'ingaruka zikomeye nk'uguhumeka nabi, uruhu rwinshi, cyangwa kubabara mu gituza, ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izahagarika urukingo ako kanya kandi itange ubuvuzi bukwiriye. Bazakorana kandi na muganga wawe kugira ngo bamenye niba ari byiza gukomeza imiti ya edaravone mu gihe kizaza.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Edaravone?

Umwanzuro wo guhagarika edaravone ugomba gufatwa buri gihe hamwe n'ikipe yawe y'ubuzima nyuma yo gusuzuma neza uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze. Nta gihe cyagenwe ugomba guhagarika imiti niba uyihanganira neza kandi ugaragaza inyungu.

Ushobora gutekereza guhagarika edaravone niba ugize ingaruka zitihanganirwa, niba indwara yawe ya ALS ikomeje kugeza ku gihe imiti itagifite akamaro, cyangwa niba ubuzima bwawe muri rusange buhinduka cyane.

Abantu bamwe bahitamo guhagarika imiti bitewe n'umutwaro wo gusura ibigo by'ubuvuzi buri gihe, cyane cyane niba ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugenda bugabanuka cyane. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rishobora kugufasha gupima inyungu zo gukomeza kuvurwa n'imbogamizi zifatika zibigaragaza.

Nshobora Gukora Urugendo Ndi Gufata Edaravone?

Gukora urugendo ukoresha edaravone bisaba gutegura mbere, ariko akenshi birashoboka hamwe n'imikoranire ikwiye. Uzakenera gutegura kuvurwa muri santire yo guteramo imiti cyangwa mu bitaro aho ujya.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rishobora kugufasha gushaka ibigo by'ubuvuzi bifite ubuziranenge mu zindi nzego no guhuza ubuvuzi bwawe. Bashobora kandi kuguha inyandiko z'ubuvuzi z'ingenzi n'amakuru yo guhamagara mu gihe cy'impanuka urimo.

Kugenda ingendo ndende, ushobora gukenera guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa cyangwa gufata ikiruhuko cyateguwe muri edaravone. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku ngendo zawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri iki gihe.