Icyo Edaravone ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo kuyifata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Edaravone ni umuti urinda imitsi y'ubwonko ufasha kugabanya uko indwara ya ALS (indwara ya Lou Gehrig) ikura. Uyu muti ufata mu kanwa ukora urinda imitsi yangizwa n'utunyangingo twangiza twitwa free radicals. Nubwo idashobora kuvura ALS, edaravone ishobora gufasha kubungabunga imikorere y'imitsi no kugabanya uko imikorere ya buri munsi igenda igabanuka ku bantu bamwe bafite iyi ndwara.

Edaravone ni iki?

Edaravone ni umuti wandikirwa n'abaganga wagenewe kuvura amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS ni indwara yo mu bwonko ikomeza gutera imbere igira ingaruka ku ntsinga z'imitsi zishinzwe kugenzura imitsi ikora ku bushake. Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa antioxidants, bivuze ko ifasha kurinda uturemangingo kwangirika.

Edaravone yabanje gukorerwa mu Buyapani, yabanje kwemezwa nk'umuti uterwa mu maraso. Uburyo bwo kuyifata mu kanwa butanga uburyo bworoshye ku barwayi bakeneye kuvurwa igihe kirekire. Uyu muti ugaragaza imwe mu miti mike yemewe na FDA iboneka ku barwayi ba ALS.

Uyu muti ukora ku rwego rw'uturemangingo kurwanya umuvuduko wa oxidative, ugira uruhare runini mu rupfu rw'uturemangingo tw'imitsi muri ALS. Mu kugabanya uku kwangirika kw'uturemangingo, edaravone ishobora gufasha kubungabunga imikorere y'imitsi y'ubwonko igihe kirekire.

Edaravone ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Edaravone ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura ALS ku bantu bakuru. Uyu muti wagenewe cyane cyane abarwayi bujuje ibisabwa kandi bagaragaza ibimenyetso by'uko indwara ikomeza gutera imbere. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba ubu buvuzi bukwiye kuri wowe.

Uyu muti ntabwo uvura ALS, ariko ushobora gufasha kugabanya uko imikorere y'umubiri igenda igabanuka. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwagaragaje ko abarwayi bamwe bagira uko ibimenyetso bigenda byiyongera gahoro iyo bafata edaravone ugereranije n'abatayifata.

Ubu, edaravone ntabwo yemerewe gukoreshwa mu zindi ndwara zo mu bwonko, nubwo ubushakashatsi bukomeje gushakisha akamaro kayo mu zindi ndwara zifitanye isano no kwangirika kwa ogisijeni. Muganga wawe azemeza niba wemerewe kuyikoresha bitewe n'amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'uburwayi ufite ubu.

Edaravone ikora ite?

Edaravone ikora nk'umuti ukomeye urwanya ogisijeni, urinda uturemangingo tw'imitsi kwangirika. Muri ALS, molekile zangiza zizwi nka free radicals ziterana zikaba zateza kwangirika kwa ogisijeni, bikangiza kandi bikica imitsi ikoresha imbaraga. Izi ni uturemangingo tw'imitsi tugenzura imitsi ikora ku bushake.

Uyu muti ukuraho izi free radicals mbere yuko zangiza uturemangingo. Bitekereze nk'icyuma kirinda uturemangingo tw'imitsi, gifasha kubungabunga imikorere yayo igihe kirekire gishoboka. Uku kurinda bishobora gufasha kubungabunga imbaraga z'imitsi n'imikorere yayo igihe kirekire kurusha uko byagenda hatabayeho ubuvuzi.

Nubwo edaravone ifatwa nk'umuti ukora neza ku rugero ruciriritse, ni ngombwa kumva ko ikora buhoro buhoro. Akamaro kayo gashobora kutagaragara ako kanya, kandi uyu muti ugomba gufatwa buri gihe kugira ngo ugumane ingaruka zawo zirinda.

Nkwiriye gufata edaravone nte?

Edaravone oral suspension igomba gufatwa uko byategetswe na muganga wawe. Uyu muti uza mu buryo bw'amazi ugomba gupima neza ukoresheje igikoresho cyagenewe gupima. Abantu benshi bayifata kabiri ku munsi, ariko gahunda yawe yo kuyifata izaterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Ushobora gufata edaravone urya cyangwa utarya, nubwo kuyifata urya bishobora kugufasha kugabanya kuribwa mu nda niba wumva ubifite. Uyu muti ugomba kubikwa muri firigo kandi ugahuzwa neza mbere yo kuwukoresha kugira ngo uvangire neza.

Ni ngombwa gufata imiti yawe ku masaha amwe buri munsi kugira ngo urugero rwayo rukomeze kuba rumwe mu mubiri wawe. Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira cyangwa gucunga imiti iri mu mazi, ganira n’ikipe yawe y’ubuvuzi ku buryo bwagufasha koroshya kuyifata.

Mvuyeho Gufata Edaravone Igihe Kingana Gite?

Edaravone akenshi itangwa nk’umuti w’igihe kirekire wa ALS. Abantu benshi bakomeza gufata uyu muti igihe cyose bashoboye kuwihanganira kandi igihe cyose muganga wabo abona ko hari icyo ufasha. Ibi bishobora gusobanura kuwufata amezi cyangwa imyaka.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza uko witwara ku muti binyuze mu gusuzumwa no kugenzurwa buri gihe. Bazagenzura niba uyu muti ufasha kugabanya uko indwara yawe ikomeza ndetse niba ugira ingaruka zose zitari nziza.

Umwanzuro wo gukomeza cyangwa guhagarika edaravone biterwa n’ibintu bitandukanye, harimo uko wihanganira umuti, uko ubuzima bwawe muri rusange bumeze, n’ibimenyetso byerekana ko ukomeje kugirirwa akamaro. Ntukigere uhagarika gufata edaravone utabanje kubiganiraho n’umuganga wawe.

Ni Izihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Edaravone?

Kimwe n’indi miti yose, edaravone ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uzigira. Ingaruka nyinshi zirashoboka kandi zikunda gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo kubabara umutwe, isereri, isesemi, no kunanirwa. Ibi bimenyetso muri rusange ntibirambiranye kandi akenshi birakira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti.

Dore ingaruka zatewe n’uburyo zikunda kubaho:

Ingaruka zisanzwe (zigira ingaruka ku barenga 10% b’abarwayi):

• Kubabara umutwe
• Isereri
• Iseresemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Kunanirwa cyangwa gucika intege
• Kugorwa no gusinzira

Ingaruka zitabaho cyane (zigira ingaruka kuva kuri 1-10% by’abarwayi):

• Kuruka
• Impiswi
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Uruhu rurashya cyangwa kurigata
• Umunaniro w'imitsi
• Kugorwa no guhumeka

Ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye (zigera ku bantu batarenze 1%):

• Urugero rwo kwivumbura ku bintu bikomeye hamwe no kubyimba mu maso, iminwa, cyangwa umuhogo
• Urugero rwo kwivumbura ku bintu bikomeye ku ruhu
• Ibibazo by'umwijima hamwe no guhinduka kw'uruhu cyangwa amaso umuhondo
• Impinduka zikomeye mu mubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso

Niba ubonye izo ngaruka zikomeye cyangwa urugero rwo kwivumbura ku bintu, jya kwa muganga ako kanya. Ingaruka nyinshi ziba igihe gito kandi zishobora kuvurwa neza hakoreshejwe ubujyanama bw'abaganga.

Ninde utagomba gufata Edaravone?

Edaravone ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi ibibazo by'ubuzima cyangwa ibihe bishobora gutuma bidatekanye ko ufata uyu muti. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kugutera edaravone.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata edaravone niba ufite allergie izwi kuri uyu muti cyangwa ibice byawo. Byongeye kandi, abantu bafite indwara ikomeye y'umwijima cyangwa ibibazo by'impyiko bashobora gukenera kwirinda uyu muti cyangwa gukenera gukurikiranwa by'umwihariko.

Dore ibihe by'umwihariko aho edaravone idashobora gukwiriye:

Ibyo utagomba gukora (ntugomba gufata edaravone):

• Allergie izwi kuri edaravone cyangwa ibiyigize
• Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima cyangwa kunanirwa kw'umwijima
• Indwara y'impyiko yo mu gihe cyanyuma isaba dialysis
• Gusama cyangwa konsa

Ibyo bisaba kwitonda by'umwihariko:

• Ibibazo byoroheje kugeza ku birenze urugero by'umwijima
• Indwara y'impyiko
• Amateka y'urugero rwo kwivumbura ku bintu bikomeye
• Indwara y'umutima cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Ibibazo byo guhumeka cyangwa indwara y'ibihaha
• Indwara z'amaraso

Umuvuzi wawe w'ubuzima azagereranya inyungu zishoboka n'ibibazo byihariye byawe. Bashobora kugusaba gukurikiranwa cyangwa kuvurwa mu bundi buryo niba edaravone itagukwiriye.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Edaravone

Edaravone iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubwoko bitewe n'aho uherereye n'uburyo bwihariye. Izina risanzwe ry'ubwoko bw'umunwa ni Radicava ORS (Oral Suspension), ni yo verisiyo isanzwe itangwa muri Amerika.

Uburyo bwa mbere bwo guterwa mu maraso bwitwa Radicava gusa. Ubu buryo bwombi burimo ibintu bikora kimwe ariko bitangwa mu buryo butandukanye. Muganga wawe azavuga neza uburyo n'ubwoko bukwiye cyane kuri gahunda yawe yo kuvura.

Verisiyo rusange ya edaravone ishobora kuboneka mu gihe kizaza, bishobora gutanga uburyo bwo kuvura buhendutse. Jya ukoresha buri gihe ubwoko bwihariye cyangwa verisiyo rusange yategetswe na muganga wawe kugirango wemeze ko wakira uburyo bukwiye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Edaravone

Mugihe edaravone ari imwe mu miti mike yemewe na FDA yo kuvura ALS, hariho indi miti n'uburyo bushobora gutekerezwa. Riluzole ni undi muti wemerejwe by'umwihariko kuvura ALS ukora ukoresheje uburyo butandukanye.

Riluzole ifasha kugabanya uburozi bwa glutamate mu bwonko, ni indi nzira igira uruhare mu iterambere rya ALS. Abantu bamwe barashobora gufata imiti yombi icyarimwe, abandi bakoresha imwe cyangwa indi bitewe n'uburyo bakira umuti n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira.

Hanyuma y'imiti, kwita ku buzima bwa ALS bikubiyemo kuvura umubiri, kuvura akazi, kuvura ijambo, n'inkunga y'imirire. Ubu buvuzi bufasha bukorana n'imiti kugirango bufashe gukomeza ubuzima bwiza n'imikorere igihe kirekire gishoboka.

Ese Edaravone iruta Riluzole?

Byombi edaravone na riluzole ni imiti y'agaciro ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya ALS, ariko zikora zinyuze mu buryo butandukanye kandi zishobora gufasha abarwayi batandukanye. Aho kugira ngo imwe irusheho kuba nziza kurusha iyindi, akenshi zifatwa nk'imiti yuzuzanya ishobora gukoreshwa icyarimwe.

Riluzole imaze igihe kinini iboneka kandi ifite amakuru menshi yerekeye umutekano wayo mu gihe kirekire. Ikora igabanya uburozi bwa glutamate, naho edaravone yibanda ku kurinda imisemburo ya antioxidant. Ubushakashatsi bumwe buvuga ko guhuza iyo miti yombi bishobora gutanga inyungu nyinshi kurusha gukoresha imwe gusa.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'uko indwara yawe igenda ikura, izindi ndwara ufite, ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'imiti, n'ibyo wowe ubwawe wifuza mu gihe cyo guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura cyangwa guhuza uburyo bwo kuvura bukugirira akamaro. Icyemezo kigomba gufatwa buri gihe hashingiwe ku miterere yawe yihariye.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Edaravone

Q1. Ese Edaravone irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye indwara z'umutima?

Edaravone ishobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye indwara z'umutima, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza no gusuzumwa n'umuganga wawe. Uwo muti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima mu bantu bamwe, bityo muganga wawe azagomba gusuzuma uko umutima wawe umeze.

Niba urwaye indwara z'umutima, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukurikiranwa by'inyongera ku mutima mu gihe uvurwa. Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo gukora electrocardiograms (ECGs) buri gihe kugira ngo barebe uko umutima wawe utera kandi barebe niba uwo muti ntacyo uhindura.

Abantu benshi bafite indwara z'umutima bashobora gufata edaravone mu buryo bwizewe, ariko icyemezo gisaba kuringaniza inyungu zishobora gutangwa na ALS yawe n'ibibazo byose by'umutima. Umuganga w'umutima wawe n'umuganga w'imitsi bagomba gukorana kugira ngo bakore gahunda yo kuvura ikwiriye kuri wowe.

Q2. Nzakora iki niba nanyweye edaravone nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba wanyoye edaravone nyinshi kurusha uko byagutegetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe uburozi ako kanya. Kunywa imiti myinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti kandi bishobora gusaba gukurikiranwa n'abaganga.

Ntugerageze "kwishyura" kubera kunywa umuti mwinshi ureka doze yawe ikurikira. Ahubwo, garuka ku gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kunywa imiti nk'uko byategetswe n'umuganga wawe. Kora urutonde rw'umuti wanyoye wiyongereyeho neza n'igihe wanyweyeho.

Ibimenyetso byo kunywa edaravone nyinshi bishobora kuba kongera isesemi, isereri, cyangwa kubabara umutwe. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'uguhumeka bigoranye, kubabara mu gituza, cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku muti, shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ako kanya.

Q3. Nakora iki niba nciwe doze ya Edaravone?

Niba waciwe doze ya edaravone, yinywe ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe kigeze cyo kunywa doze yawe ikurikira. Muri urwo rubanza, reka doze waciwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kunywa imiti.

Ntunyweho doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo wishyure doze waciwe, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa doze, tekereza gushyiraho alarme kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w'ibipimo kugira ngo bigufashe kwibuka.

Niba waciwe doze nyinshi cyangwa ufite ibibazo ku bijyanye na doze waciwe, vugana n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo akuyobore. Kwihangana mu kunywa imiti yawe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ugumane ingaruka zayo zirinda.

Q4. Nshobora guhagarika ryari kunywa Edaravone?

Umwanzuro wo guhagarika kunywa edaravone ugomba gufatirwa hamwe n'umuganga wawe. Uyu muti akenshi ukoreshwa igihe cyose uwihanganira neza kandi umuganga wawe akemera ko ufitiye akamaro indwara yawe ya ALS.

Umuganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe uko witwara ku muti kandi ashobora kugusaba guhagarika niba ubonye ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti zitihanganirwa cyangwa niba indwara yawe yarateye imbere ku buryo umuti utagifitiye akamaro.

Abantu bamwe barwara bashobora gukenera guhagarika by'agateganyo edaravone niba barwaye indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa bagomba gufata imiti yindi ivanga nayo. Muganga wawe azakuyobora mu mpinduka zose z'imiti kandi agufashe gusobanukirwa impamvu z'ibyo bagusaba.

Q5. Nshobora gufata Edaravone hamwe n'indi miti ya ALS?

Edaravone akenshi irashobora gufatwa hamwe n'indi miti ya ALS nka riluzole, kandi abarwayi benshi bungukirwa n'iyi nzira yo guhuza imiti. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza imiti yawe yose kugirango yemeze ko ikora neza.

Imiti imwe irashobora kuvangirana na edaravone cyangwa ikagira ingaruka ku buryo ikora neza. Buri gihe menyesha umuganga wawe imiti yose, ibyongerera imbaraga, n'imiti itangwa itagomba kwandikwa na muganga mbere yo gutangira edaravone.

Muganga wawe ashobora gukenera guhindura doze cyangwa igihe cyo gufata indi miti iyo utangiye edaravone. Bazakugenzura neza niba hariho uburyo buvangirana kandi bakore impinduka zikenewe kugirango wemeze ko wakira imiti ifite umutekano mwinshi kandi ikora neza.