Eflornithine ni iki: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Eflornithine ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha kuvura indwara yo gusinzira yo muri Afurika, indwara ikomeye iterwa na parasite ziterwa n'inzoka zizwi nka tsetse. Uyu muti uterwa mu nshinge ukora ubu byose buhagarika enzyme parasite zikeneye kugira ngo zibaho, mu by'ukuri zikazisiga mu mubiri wawe.

Ushobora kuba wibaza uburyo uyu muti ujyana n'uburyo uvurwa. Eflornithine yagize uruhare runini ku barwayi benshi bahanganye n'iyi ndwara igoye, itanga icyizere aho mbere hari amahitamo make.

Eflornithine ni iki?

Eflornithine ni umuti urwanya parasite wibanda by'umwihariko kuri trypanosomes, parasite nto ziteza indwara yo gusinzira yo muri Afurika. Uyu muti ukora uhagarika enzyme yitwa ornithine decarboxylase, iyi parasite ikeneye rwose kugira ngo yororoke kandi ibeho.

Tekereza nk'aho uca parasite ibiryo byazo ku rwego rw'uturemangingo. Hatabayeho iyi enzyme y'ingenzi, parasite ntizishobora gukora poroteyine zikeneye kugira ngo zikure kandi zigwize. Ibi bituma urwego rwawe rw'ubudahangarwa rufata iyambere mu kurwanya iyi ndwara.

Uyu muti uza mu iseswa ridasanzwe ritangwa binyuze mu muyoboro wa intravenous (IV) ukoreshwa mu maraso yawe. Ubu buryo bwo gutanga umuti butuma umuti ugera kuri parasite vuba kandi neza mu mubiri wawe wose.

Eflornithine ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Eflornithine ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura icyiciro cya kabiri cya trypanosomiasis yo muri Afurika, izwi cyane nka sleeping sickness. Ibi bibaho iyo parasite zambutse zinjira mu mikaya yawe yo hagati, zigira ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe n'umugongo wawe.

Uyu muti ukora neza cyane cyane kuri Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, itera uburyo bwo mu burengerazuba bwa Afurika bwo gusinzira. Ubu bwoko bukunda kugenda buhoro ugereranije n'ubwoko bwo mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika, ariko biracyakomeye kandi bisaba kuvurwa vuba.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba eflornithine niba waranzweho indwara yo gusinzira mu cyiciro cya kabiri binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso, isesengura ry'amazi yo mu mugongo, cyangwa izindi nzira zo gusuzuma indwara. Uyu muti wagaragaje intsinzi ishimishije mu kuvura iyi ndwara igihe izindi nshuti zitabasha gukora.

Eflornithine ikora ite?

Eflornithine ifatwa nk'umuti urwanya parasite ukora ku buryo bukurikira. Ikomanga by'umwihariko ornithine decarboxylase, uruganda rukoreshwa na parasite kugirango rukore polyamines - ibintu by'ingenzi byubaka kugirango bikure kandi byororoke.

Igihe parasite zitabasha gukora izi polyamines, zishonja ku rwego rwa selile. Iyi nzira ntibaho mu ijoro rimwe, niyo mpamvu kuvura bisaba iminsi myinshi kugirango birangire. Uyu muti ugenda ucisha intege parasite kugeza igihe umubiri wawe w'ubudahangarwa ushobora kuzikuramo neza mu mubiri wawe.

Igituma eflornithine ifite agaciro cyane ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwambuka inzitizi y'amaraso n'ubwonko. Ibi bivuze ko ishobora kugera kuri parasite zateye mu mikorere yawe yo hagati y'imitsi, ahantu imiti myinshi ikunda kugorana kwinjiramo neza.

Nkwiriye gufata eflornithine nte?

Eflornithine itangwa buri gihe nk'urukingo rwo mu maraso mu bitaro cyangwa ahantu hakorerwa ibizamini by'ubuvuzi, bikorerwa n'abaganga. Ntabwo uzajya ufata uyu muti mu rugo, kuko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza no gutanga imiti neza.

Ubuvuzi busanzwe bukubiyemo guhabwa umuti buri masaha atandatu mu gihe cy'iminsi 14. Urukingo ruriho rufata iminota 30 kugeza ku masaha abiri, bitewe n'urugero rwawe rwihariye n'uburyo wihanganira ubuvuzi.

Ntabwo ukeneye guhangayika ku bijyanye no kurya ibiryo byihariye mbere yo kuvurwa, ariko kuguma mu mazi ni ingenzi. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rishobora kugushishikariza kunywa amazi menshi mu gihe cyose uvurwa kugirango bifashe impyiko zawe gutunganya umuti neza.

Mugihe cyo kuvurwa, birashoboka ko uzagomba kumara igihe mu bitaro cyangwa ukajya kwa muganga inshuro nyinshi ku munsi. Ibi bishobora kugaragara nk'ibintu bikomeye, ariko bituma ubona inyungu zose z'imiti mu gihe ukomeza kuba muzima.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Gite Ndafashe Eflornithine?

Uburyo bwo kuvura busanzwe hamwe na eflornithine bumara iminsi 14 gusa, hamwe n'imiti itangwa buri masaha atandatu umunsi wose. Iyi gahunda yateguwe neza kugirango habeho urwego rwo guhora rwa imiti mu maraso yawe.

Ushobora kwibaza impamvu igihe cyo kuvurwa ari nk'iki. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko iminsi 14 itanga uburinganire bwiza hagati y'ubushobozi bwo gukora neza no kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti. Uburyo bugufi ntibushobora gukuraho neza imisemburo, mugihe kuvurwa igihe kirekire ntigishobora kunoza ibisubizo.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza uko urimo uragenda mu gihe cyo kuvurwa binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bisanzwe no mu bizami by'ubuvuzi. N'iyo watangira kumva umeze neza nyuma y'iminsi mike, ni ngombwa kurangiza uburyo bwose bw'iminsi 14 kugirango imisemburo yose ikurweho.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Eflornithine?

Kimwe n'imiti myinshi, eflornithine irashobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Kumva icyo witegura birashobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi utagira impungenge ku buvuzi bwawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo umunaniro, kubabara umutwe, n'ibibazo byo mu gifu nk'isuka cyangwa impiswi. Ibi bimenyetso akenshi birakosoka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza imiti mu minsi mike ya mbere yo kuvurwa.

Dore ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zivugwa kenshi:

• Umunaniro no kunanuka
• Kubabara umutwe
• Isuka no kuruka
• Impiswi
• Urubavu rw'inda
• Urugero
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya

Ibyo bintu bisanzwe bikunze gucungwa kandi ntibiramba. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakwitaho bafite uburambe mu gufasha abarwayi banyura muri ibyo bimenyetso kandi bashobora gutanga ubufasha kugira ngo bagufashe kumva umeze neza.

Ingaruka zikomeye zirashobora kubaho, nubwo zitabaho kenshi. Izi zirimo impinduka zikomeye mu mubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe, ibibazo by'imikorere y'impyiko, cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti.

Dore ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye ugomba kwitondera:

• Kubura amaraso bikabije (umubare muto w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso atukura)
• Thrombocytopenia (umubare muto wa platelet)
• Imikorere mibi y'impyiko
• Ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti
• Kugira ibibazo byo gufatwa (ntibibaho cyane)
• Ibibazo byo kumva

Itsinda ry'abaganga bazagukurikiranira hafi ibyo bintu bikomeye binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bisanzwe n'isuzuma ryo kwa muganga. Niba hari ibimenyetso bibangamiye bigaragara, bashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa uko bikwiye.

Ninde utagomba gufata Eflornithine?

Eflornithine ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba ari wo mwanzuro mwiza ku miterere yawe. Indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa ibihe bishobora gutuma uyu muti utakwiriye cyangwa ugakeneye ingamba zidasanzwe.

Ntugomba guhabwa eflornithine niba waragize ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti mbere. Muganga wawe azitwararika kandi niba ufite indwara y'impyiko, kuko uyu muti ukoreshwa binyuze mu mpyiko zawe.

Dore ibintu bishobora gutuma kuvurwa na eflornithine bigorana:

• Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko
• Gusama (bikoreshwa gusa iyo inyungu ziruta ibyago)
• Konsa
• Kubura amaraso bikabije
• Umubare muto wa platelet
• Amateka yo gufatwa

Niba utwite cyangwa konsa, muganga wawe azagereranya ibyago n'inyungu neza. Indwara yo gusinzira itavuwe itera urupfu, bityo kuvurwa birashobora kuba ngombwa nubwo hari izo mpungenge.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Eflornithine

Eflornithine iboneka ku izina rya Ornidyl mu bihugu byinshi. Iri ni ryo zina risanzwe rizwi cyane ry'urukingo rukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara yo gusinzira.

Ushobora kandi kurusanga ku zindi nyito bitewe n'aho uherereye n'uburyo bwo kwivuza. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe bashobora gukoresha imiti rusange cyangwa amazina y'ubucuruzi atandukanye, ariko ikintu gikora kiguma kimwe.

Igihe uvugana n'abaganga ku bijyanye n'imiti yawe, gukoresha ijambo "eflornithine" cyangwa "Ornidyl" bizafasha mu gutanga amakuru neza ku bijyanye n'imiti ukeneye.

Izindi miti isimbura Eflornithine

Imiti myinshi irindi ishobora kuvura indwara yo gusinzira yo muri Afurika, nubwo guhitamo biterwa n'ubwoko bwihariye bwa parasite n'icyiciro cy'indwara. Muganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bukwiye cyane bushingiye ku miterere yawe bwite.

Ku ndwara yo gusinzira mu cyiciro cya kabiri, fexinidazole yagaragaye nk'umuti mushya wo kunywa mu kanwa akenshi byoroshye gutanga. Uyu muti urashobora kunyobwa mu kanwa aho gukenera guterwa mu urugingo rw'umubiri, bigatuma kuvurwa byoroha mu bice bimwe na bimwe.

Izindi miti isimbura irimo imiti ivanze cyangwa imiti itandukanye nka suramin ku ndwara yo mu cyiciro cya mbere. Ariko, eflornithine igikomeza kuba umuti w'ingenzi, cyane cyane mu gihe izindi nzira zitabasha gukora cyangwa zitaboneka.

Eflornithine iruta Melarsoprol?

Eflornithine muri rusange ifatwa nk'umuti utekanye kandi wihanganirwa kurusha melarsoprol, umuti ushaje wo kuvura indwara yo gusinzira. Uku kugereranya ni ingenzi kuko melarsoprol, nubwo ikora, ifite ibyago bikomeye.

Melarsoprol irimo arsenic kandi ishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zirimo kubyimba kw'ubwonko, bishobora kwica mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Eflornithine, nubwo itagira ingaruka, ifite umutekano mwiza cyane kandi ntishobora gutera ibibazo biteye ubuzima bw'akaga.

Abahanga benshi mu by'ubuvuzi ubu bakunda eflornithine cyangwa izindi nzira nshya nka fexinidazole kurusha melarsoprol igihe bibaye ngombwa. Umutekano urushijeho gutuma eflornithine iba amahitamo meza ku barwayi benshi, nubwo kuvurwa bifata igihe kirekire.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Eflornithine

Eflornithine Ibereye Abantu Barwaye Indwara z'Impyiko?

Eflornithine isaba gukurikiranwa neza ku bantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko kuko umuti usohoka binyuze mu mpyiko. Muganga wawe ashobora guhindura urugero rw'umuti ukoresha kandi agakurikirana imikorere y'impyiko zawe cyane mugihe uvurwa.

Niba ufite ibibazo byoroheje by'impyiko, ushobora gukomeza guhabwa eflornithine hamwe n'ingamba zikwiye. Ariko, indwara zikomeye z'impyiko zishobora gusaba izindi nzira zo kuvura cyangwa gutegurwa byihariye mbere yo gutangira eflornithine.

Nkwiriye Gukora Iki Niba Nsibye Urugero Rwa Eflornithine?

Kubera ko eflornithine itangwa mu bitaro hakurikiranwa n'abaganga, gusiba urugero rw'umuti ntibikunda kubaho. Niba urugero rwatinze kubera impamvu iyo ari yo yose, ikipe yawe y'ubuzima izahindura gahunda kugirango wemeze ko wakira umuti wose uko wakabaye.

Ntugire impungenge niba gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa ikeneye guhindurwa gato. Ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ifite uburambe mu gucunga ibi bibazo kandi izemeza ko wakira ubuvuzi bwiza nubwo igihe gikeneye guhindurwa.

Nshobora Guhagarika Ryari Gufata Eflornithine?

Ukwiriye kurangiza iminsi 14 yose yo gufata eflornithine nubwo watangira kumva umerewe neza mbere yuko kuvurwa kurangira. Guhagarika kare bishobora korohereza za parasite kubaho kandi bishobora gutuma icyorezo kigaruka.

Muganga wawe azemeza igihe kuvurwa kurangira hashingiwe ku mahame asanzwe n'uburyo witwara ku buvuzi. Nyuma yo kurangiza kuvurwa, birashoboka ko uzakenera gahunda zo gukurikiranwa kugirango wemeze ko icyorezo cyavuyeho burundu.

Nkwiriye Gukora Iki Niba Mbonye Ingaruka Zikomeye?

Niba wumva ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'ingorane zo guhumeka, ibimenyetso bikomeye by'uburwayi bw'umubiri, cyangwa impinduka zidasanzwe mu bwenge, menyesha ikipe yawe y'ubuzima ako kanya. Kubera ko uri kuvurirwa mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi, ubufasha buraboneka vuba.

Ku bimenyetso bitihutirwa ariko biteye impungenge nk'umutwe ukomeye w'igihe kirekire, kuva amaraso bidasanzwe, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'indwara, bivuge ku bakozi b'ubuvuzi cyangwa abaganga bawe mu gihe cyo kugenzura kwawe. Bashobora gusuzuma niba hari impinduka zikenewe mu buryo bwo kuvura.

Nshobora gufata izindi miti nkorera kuri Eflornithine?

Imiti myinshi ishobora gukomeza gufatwa mugihe wakira eflornithine, ariko muganga wawe azasuzuma imiti yose ufata ubu kugirango arebe niba hari ingaruka zishobora kubaho. Imwe mu miti ishobora gukenera guhindurwa cyangwa guhagarikwa by'agateganyo.

Wibuke kubwira ikipe yawe y'ubuzima ku miti yose ufata, harimo imiti itangwa nta tegeko rya muganga, ibyongerera imbaraga, n'imiti ikomoka ku bimera. Iri somo ribafasha gutanga ubuvuzi bwizewe kandi bwiza bushoboka.