Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ni iki: Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ni umuti w'ubuzima utabara utangwa unyuze mu mazuru yawe kugira ngo uvure ibimenyetso bikomeye by'uburwayi bw'umubiri buzwi nka anaphylaxis. Ubu buvuzi bwihuta bukora mu minota mike kugira ngo buhindure ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwa allergie iyo umubiri wawe ukabije kwitwara ku bintu bitera allergie nk'ibiryo, imiti, cyangwa kuruma n'udukoko.

Bitekerezeho nk'umuti wawe w'ubutabazi bwihutirwa ushobora kurokora ubuzima bwawe mu buryo bw'umwuka iyo allergie ikomeye iteye ubuzima bwawe bwo guhumeka n'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Uburyo bwo gutanga umuti unyuze mu mazuru butuma byoroha gukoresha mu gihe cy'ubutabazi ugereranije no guterwa inshinge gakondo.

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ni iki?

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ni ubwoko bwa adrenaline yibumbiye hamwe usuka mu mazuru yawe mu gihe cy'uburwayi bukomeye bwa allergie. Umubiri wawe ukora adrenaline mu buryo busanzwe, ariko mu gihe cya anaphylaxis, ukeneye byinshi cyane ugereranije n'ibyo umubiri wawe ushobora kwikorera.

Uyu muti uza mu gakarishye gato, gashobora gutwarwa hose, gakoreshwa mu mazuru gatanga urugero rwa epinephrine unyuze mu miyoboro y'amaraso yo mu mazuru yawe. Iyi miyoboro y'amaraso yihuta ikoresha umuti ikawohereza mu mubiri wawe mu minota 1-3.

Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho byo kwihutisha epinephrine bisaba urushinge, inzira yo mu mazuru itanga uburyo butagomba urushinge abantu benshi basanga bitateye ubwoba gukoresha mu gihe cy'ubutabazi. Ariko, ni imbaraga kandi ifite akamaro ko guhagarika allergie ziteye ubuzima bw'akaga.

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ikoreshwa mu iki?

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ivura anaphylaxis, ikaba ari allergie ikomeye, yose yo mu mubiri ishobora kukwica mu minota mike niba itavuwe. Ibi si umwuka wawe usanzwe cyangwa ubworohe bw'ibiryo - ni ubutabazi bw'ubuvuzi aho umubiri wawe w'ubudahangarwa utera umubiri wawe wose.

Mugihe cyo guhura n'uburwayi bwa anaphylaxis, umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uragabanuka cyane, inzira z'umwuka wawe zirifunga, kandi umutima wawe ugahangana no gusukura amaraso neza. Ibintu bisanzwe bitera ibi birimo ubunyobwa, ibikomoka ku nyanja, kuribwa n'inzuki, imiti nka penicillin, no guhura na latex.

Ushobora gukenera uyu muti niba uhuye n'ibimenyetso byinshi bikomeye icyarimwe, nk'ibi:

• Kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa guhumeka cyane
• Ukubura mu maso, iminwa, ururimi, cyangwa umuhogo
• Umutima utera cyane cyangwa kuribwa
• Uduheri dukomeye cyane cyangwa ibibara byose ku mubiri
• Isesemi, kuruka, cyangwa kuribwa mu nda cyane
• Kumva nkaho ugiye guta ubwenge

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya igihe ibice byinshi by'umubiri wawe bigirwaho ingaruka icyarimwe. N'iyo utazi neza niba ari anaphylaxis, gukoresha epinephrine biruta gutegereza iyo ibi bimenyetso bigaragara icyarimwe.

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ikora ite?

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru ikora yigana uburyo umubiri wawe usanzwe uhangana n'ibibazo, ariko ku buryo bukomeye cyane. Ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye cyane ukora ku bice byinshi icyarimwe kugira ngo uhindure ingaruka ziteje ubuzima bwa anaphylaxis.

Iyo uyiseye mu mazuru yawe, umuti winjira vuba mu maraso yawe kandi ukora mu buryo butatu bw'ingenzi. Icya mbere, ifungura inzira z'umwuka wawe ikaruhura imitsi ikikije inzira zo guhumeka, bigatuma byoroha kongera guhumeka.

Icya kabiri, ikomeza imikorere y'umutima wawe kandi ikazamura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ukagaruka ku rwego rwiza. Icya gatatu, igabanya ububyimbirwe bukomeye n'ububyimbirwe butera guhumeka kwawe no gutembera kw'amaraso.

Imitsi y'amaraso yo mu mazuru ifata epinephrine neza cyane, akenshi itanga ubufasha mu minota 1-3. Ariko, ingaruka zikunda kumara iminota 10-20 gusa, niyo mpamvu ugikeneye ubuvuzi bwihutirwa nubwo umaze kuyikoresha.

Nkwiriye gufata epinephrine yo mu mazuru nte?

Fata umuti wa epinephrine unyuzwe mu mazuru ako kanya igihe ubonye ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri - ntugategereze kureba niba bikomeza kuba bibi. Kura igikoresho mu gikapu cyacyo kirinda, ukifate urutoki rwawe ruri hasi n'urutoki rwawe ruri hejuru.

Shyira urutoki rwawe hafi ya santimetero imwe mu zuru rimwe hanyuma ukande cyane kuri plunger kugirango ureke urugero rwose. Ntabwo ukeneye guhumeka cyane cyangwa gushyira umutwe wawe inyuma - uruhuze gusa mu zuru rwawe.

Nyuma yo kubikoresha, hamagara 911 ako kanya cyangwa usabe umuntu kukujyana mu cyumba cy'abarwayi. Uyu muti ntukiza anaphylaxis - ugutegurira igihe cyo kubona ubuvuzi bw'umwuga.

Urashobora gukoresha uyu muti ufite cyangwa udafite ibiryo kuko ni ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Ariko, niba uruka cyane, inzira yo mu mazuru irashobora gukora neza kuruta imiti yo mu kanwa ishobora gusubira inyuma.

Bika igikoresho cyakoreshejwe hamwe nawe kugirango werekane abakozi b'ubuvuzi icyo wafashe neza n'igihe. Iri somo ribafasha gutanga ubuvuzi bwiza bukurikira.

Nzakoresha Epinephrine mu mazuru igihe kingana iki?

Epinephrine mu mazuru yagenewe gukoreshwa rimwe gusa mu buvuzi bwihutirwa, ntabwo ari imiti ikoreshwa buri munsi. Urayikoresha rimwe mugihe cyihutirwa cyo kwibasirwa n'umubiri, hanyuma ugashaka ubuvuzi bwihutirwa kugirango uvurwe.

Ingaruka za doze imwe zikunze kumara iminota 10-20, ariko anaphylaxis irashobora kugaruka nyuma yo gukoresha umuti. Ibi byitwa igikorwa cya biphasic, kandi niyo mpamvu abaganga bifuza kugukurikiranira mu bitaro amasaha menshi nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera doze ya kabiri niba ibimenyetso bigarutse cyangwa ntibigabanuka mumiminota 5-15 nyuma ya doze ya mbere. Ariko, koresha doze ya kabiri gusa niba ufite ikindi gikoresho gihari kandi ibimenyetso bikomeje kuba bikomeye.

Muganga wawe azagufasha gukora gahunda yo gukora anaphylaxis irimo igihe cyo gukoresha epinephrine, igihe cyo gukoresha doze ya kabiri, nicyo gukora nyuma. Uyu si umuti ufata buri gihe - ni gahunda yawe yihutirwa.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara Biterwa no Gukoresha Epinephrine mu mazuru?

Gukoresha epinephrine mu mazuru bishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara kuko ni umuti ukomeye ugira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe wose, ariko ibi bikorwa mubisanzwe ni iby'igihe gito kandi ntibigira akaga kanini ugereranyije na anaphylaxis itavurwa.

Ibikorwa bigaragara cyane ushobora guhura nabyo birimo umutima utera cyane, kumva uhungabanye cyangwa ufite impungenge, kubabara umutwe, no kuribwa umutwe. Ushobora kandi kubona ibyuya, isesemi, cyangwa uburyohe bw'icyuma mu kanwa kawe.

Ibi bikorwa bisanzwe bigaragara mubisanzwe biterwa nuko epinephrine itera imikorere y'imitsi yawe:

• Umutima utera cyane cyangwa umutima utera cyane
• Guhinda cyangwa guhinda amaboko
• Kumva ufite ubwoba cyangwa utuje
• Kubabara umutwe cyangwa kuribwa umutwe
• Ibyuya byinshi kuruta uko bisanzwe
• Isesemi cyangwa kurwara inda
• Kugorwa no gusinzira niba bikoreshejwe nyuma y'umunsi

Byinshi muri ibi bikorwa bishira mu minota 10-20 igihe umuti utangiye gushira. Ni igisubizo gisanzwe cy'umubiri wawe kuri adrenaline kandi mubisanzwe ntibitera impungenge zindi.

Ibikorwa bigaragara bikomeye ni gake ariko bishobora kurimo kubabara cyane mu gituza, umutima utera nabi, cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi cyane. Ariko, ibi byago biracyari bike ugereranyije n'akaga ko gupfa kubera anaphylaxis itavurwa.

Abantu bamwe bahura no kurakara mu mazuru, kuva amaraso mu mazuru, cyangwa kumva uburyate mu mazuru aho umuti watewe. Ibi bikorwa byo mu gace mubisanzwe biroroshye kandi by'igihe gito.

Ni Bande Batagomba Gukoresha Epinephrine mu mazuru?

Hafi ya buri wese ashobora gukoresha epinephrine mu mazuru neza mugihe cya anaphylaxis kuko inyungu ziruta cyane ibyago igihe ubuzima bwawe buri mu kaga. Ariko, abantu bamwe bakeneye kugenzurwa by'umwihariko nyuma yo kubikoresha.

Abantu barwaye indwara z'umutima, umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi, diyabete, cyangwa ibibazo bya tiroyide bashobora guhura n'ibikorwa bikomeye biterwa na epinephrine. Ariko ibi ntibisobanura ko utagomba kubikoresha - bisobanura ko ukeneye ubufasha bw'abaganga byihutirwa nyuma yaho.

Niba utwite cyangwa wonka, urashobora gukoresha epinephrine mu mazuru mu gihe cyo guhangana na anaphylaxis. Uyu muti ufashwe nk'umutekano mu gihe utwite kuko anaphylaxis itavuwe itera ibyago bikomeye kuri wowe no ku mwana wawe.

Abantu basheshe akanguhe n'abafata imiti imwe n'imwe nka beta-blockers bashobora kugira ibisubizo bitandukanye kuri epinephrine. Muganga wawe agomba kumenya imiti yose ufata igihe aguteye uyu muti wihutirwa.

Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'umutima bashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa nyuma yo gukoresha epinephrine, ariko ntibagomba na rimwe kwirinda kuyikoresha muri anaphylaxis. Ibyago by'umutima biturutse kuri anaphylaxis itavuwe birakomeye cyane kurusha umuti ubwawo.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Epinephrine mu mazuru

Izina rikuru ry'ubwoko bwa epinephrine mu mazuru ni Neffy, yemejwe na FDA nk'umuti wa mbere wa epinephrine utagomba guterwa urushinge wo guhangana na anaphylaxis. Iki gikoresho gitanga umuti umwe nka epinephrine auto-injectors ariko unyuze mu mazuru aho guterwa urushinge.

Neffy irimo ikintu kimwe gikora (epinephrine) nk'ibindi bicuruzwa bya epinephrine byihutirwa nka EpiPen na Auvi-Q, ariko ikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga umuti. Uburyo bwo gutera mu mazuru butuma byoroha kubantu batinya inshinge cyangwa bagorwa no guterwa inshinge.

Muganga wawe azandika ubwoko n'uburyo bukora neza kubibazo byawe byihariye. Abantu bamwe bakunda inzira yo mu mazuru kuko bitera ubwoba buke, mu gihe abandi baguma kuri auto-injectors kuko bamenyereye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Epinephrine mu mazuru

Uburyo bukuru bwo gusimbuza epinephrine mu mazuru ni epinephrine auto-injectors nka EpiPen, Auvi-Q, na verisiyo rusange. Ibi bikoresho bitanga umuti umwe unyuze mu guterwa urushinge rworoshye mu gice cy'ukuboko kwawe.

Ibikoresho byo kwihutisha imiti byabaye uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura anaphylaxis mu myaka myinshi kandi bikora neza cyane. Bitanga imiti mu gice cy'imitsi, abaganga bamwe bakunda kuko imitsi yinjiza imiti yoroshye cyane.

Uburyo bwo kunywa mu mazuru no gutera imiti ya epinephrine bifite ubushobozi bungana bwo kuvura anaphylaxis. Guhitamo hagati yabyo akenshi biterwa n'icyo umuntu akunda, uko yiyumva ku bijyanye n'inshinge, n'icyo umuganga wawe agushyiraho.

Abantu bamwe batwara ubwoko bwombi - wenda bakagumana umuti wo mu mazuru ku kazi aho abandi bashobora kubafasha, kandi bakitwaza igikoresho cyo kwihutisha imiti yo gukoresha ku giti cyabo. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugufasha guhitamo uburyo bukwiriye ubuzima bwawe.

Nta bundi buryo bwo kuvura anaphylaxis butari epinephrine. Imiti irwanya allergie nka Benadryl ishobora gufasha mu gihe cyo guhangana n'allergie zoroheje, ariko ikora gahoro cyane kandi ntabwo ikomeye bihagije ku buryo bwo guhangana na anaphylaxis iteye ubuzima bw'akaga.

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru iruta EpiPen?

Epinephrine yo mu mazuru na EpiPen byombi ni imiti myiza yo kuvura anaphylaxis, kandi nta na kimwe kiruta ikindi. Bikubiyemo umuti umwe wo kurokora ubuzima ariko bikawutanga mu buryo butandukanye mu mubiri wawe.

Uburyo bwo mu mazuru bushobora korohereza abantu bamwe kubikoresha kuko ntibisaba gukuraho ibikoresho byo kwirinda, gushyira ku kuguru kwawe, cyangwa guhangana n'inshinge. Ibi bishobora gufasha cyane niba uri mu rujijo mu gihe cy'ubutabazi cyangwa niba undi muntu agomba kugufasha.

EpiPen n'ibindi bikoresho byo kwihutisha imiti bitanga imiti mu gice cy'imitsi, bitanga imitsi yoroshye cyane. Abaganga bamwe bakunda ubu buryo kuko bafite imyaka myinshi y'uburambe ku buryo bikora vuba kandi neza.

Uburyo bwo mu mazuru bwinjiza imiti binyuze mu miyoboro y'amaraso mu mazuru yawe, bishobora kuba byihuse nk'uko guterwa inshinge ariko bishobora kugirwaho ingaruka n'ibintu nk'uburwayi bukomeye bwo mu mazuru cyangwa kuva amaraso.

Icyemezo cyawe gishobora guterwa n'impamvu zifatika nk'uko wumva umeze ku bijyanye n'inshinge, niba ufite indwara zigira ingaruka ku mazuru yawe, cyangwa niba ukoresha igikoresho wumva ufitiye icyizere kurusha ibindi mu gihe cy'uburwayi bwihutirwa. Zombi zemejwe na FDA kandi zikoreshwa mu buvuzi.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye n'inzira ya Epinephrine mu mazuru

Epinephrine ikoreshwa mu mazuru ifitiye umutima akamaro?

Yego, epinephrine ikoreshwa mu mazuru ifitiye akamaro ku bantu barwaye umutima iyo ikoreshejwe mu gihe cy'uburwayi bukomeye, nubwo bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zijyanye n'umutima. Umuti ushobora kongera umuvuduko w'umutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, ariko uburwayi bukomeye butavurwa buri akaga ku mutima wawe kurusha umuti ubwawo.

Niba urwaye umutima, ugomba gukoresha epinephrine mu gihe cy'uburwayi bukomeye ariko ugahita usaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa nyuma yaho. Abakozi bo mu bitaro bashobora gukurikirana umutima wawe kandi bagatanga izindi mvura niba bikenewe.

Umuvuzi w'indwara z'umutima n'umuganga w'indwara ziterwa n'ubwivumbure bagomba gukorana kugira ngo bakore gahunda yawe yo kuvura uburwayi bukomeye, bakwemeza ko uzi igihe ugomba gukoresha epinephrine n'ibimenyetso bijyanye n'umutima byo kwitondera nyuma yaho.

Nigira iki niba nkoresheje epinephrine nyinshi mu mazuru ku buryo butunganye?

Niba ukoresheje epinephrine nyinshi mu mazuru ku buryo butunganye, hamagara 911 cyangwa umuntu ushinzwe iby'uburozi ako kanya kandi usabe ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Nubwo kwikuba inshuro nyinshi bidakunze kubaho mu nzira yo mu mazuru, epinephrine nyinshi ishobora gutera imirimo y'umutima idateze kabiri cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi cyane.

Ibimenyetso bya epinephrine nyinshi birimo kubabara umutwe cyane, kubabara mu gituza, umutima utagira umurongo, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa kumva umutima wawe wiruka utagira uko bigaragara. Ibi bimenyetso bisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.

Ntugerageze kuvura kwikuba inshuro nyinshi uri mu rugo. Abakozi bo mu bitaro bafite imiti n'ibikoresho byo gucunga neza kwikuba inshuro nyinshi za epinephrine no gukurikirana umutima wawe kugeza igihe umuti uviramo.

Nigira iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa epinephrine mu mazuru?

Ntabwo ushobora rwose "kurengera urugero" rwa epinephrine yo mu mazuru kuko atari umuti ukoreshwa buri munsi - ukoreshwa gusa mu gihe cy'ibibazo by'uburwayi. Niba urimo guhura n'ibimenyetso bya anaphylaxis kandi utarigeze ukoresha epinephrine, yikoreshe vuba.

Niba wakoresheje epinephrine ariko ibimenyetso bigaruka cyangwa bikiyongera nyuma y'iminota 5-15, ushobora gukenera urugero rwa kabiri niba ufite ikindi gikoresho gihari. Ariko, iki cyemezo cyagombye gufatwa hamwe n'ubuyobozi bw'abaganga b'ibanze.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya igihe ukeneye epinephrine no kuyikoresha vuba aho gutegereza kureba niba ibimenyetso bikira byonyine.

Ni ryari nshobora guhagarika gufata epinephrine yo mu mazuru?

Ntabwo "uhagarika gufata" epinephrine yo mu mazuru nkuko wakora umuti wa buri munsi - uyikoresha gusa mu gihe cy'ibibazo bya anaphylaxis. Umaze kuyikoresha kandi wakiriye ubuvuzi bukwiye, urarangije urugero rwawe.

Ariko, ugomba buri gihe kwitwaza epinephrine niba uri mu kaga ka anaphylaxis. Ibi bivuze gusimbuza ibikoresho byashize igihe kandi ukemeza ko ufite uburyo bwo kubona umuti igihe cyose ushobora guhura n'ibintu bigutera allergie.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kugabanya icyifuzo cyabo cyo kwitwaza epinephrine binyuze mu kuvurwa nka oral immunotherapy cyangwa binyuze mu kwirinda neza ibintu bibatera allergie, ariko iki cyemezo kigomba gufatwa hamwe n'ubuyobozi bw'umuganga wawe w'allergie.

Nshobora gukoresha epinephrine yo mu mazuru niba mfite ibicurane cyangwa izuru ryuzuye?

Yego, urashobora kandi ugomba gukoresha epinephrine yo mu mazuru mugihe cya anaphylaxis kabone niyo ufite ibicurane cyangwa izuru ryuzuye. Mugihe guhura kw'amazuru bishobora kugira ingaruka nto kuri uburyo umuti winjira vuba, biracyaruta cyane kutavura anaphylaxis na gato.

Imitsi y'amaraso yo mu mazuru yawe irashobora kwinjiza umuti kabone niyo uhuye n'ibibazo, nubwo bishobora gutwara igihe gito kugirango bikore. Niba ufite impungenge kubijyanye no kwinjiza, urashobora guhuma izuru ryawe neza mbere yo gukoresha igikoresho niba ushobora kubikora vuba.

Ntugahweme gukoresha uyu muti w'agaciro mu gihe cy'uburwayi bw'ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bw'umubiri bitewe n'ibintu runaka bitewe no kwitinya ibijyanye no gufunga amazuru. Inyungu ziruta cyane ibishobora kugabanuka ku ngaruka zawo.