Inshinge ya Glucagon: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo kuyikoresha, ingaruka zayo, n'ibindi

Inshinge ya Glucagon ni umuti uramira ubuzima wihutisha kuzamura isukari mu maraso igihe hypoglycemia ikomeye (isukari iri hasi cyane mu maraso). Uyu mumbaraga ukora nk'uburyo bwihutirwa bw'umubiri wawe, ukarekurura vuba isukari yabitswe mu mwijima wawe igihe ukeneye cyane.

Tekereza glucagon nk'ikipe y'ubutabazi bwa glucose yubatswe mu mubiri wawe. Iyo isukari mu maraso igabanutse ikagera ku rwego ruteje akaga kandi ntushobore kurya cyangwa kunywa, iyi nshinge yinjira kugirango yirinde ingorane zikomeye nko gufatwa n'ibibazo cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge.

Inshinge ya Glucagon ni iki?

Inshinge ya Glucagon ni verisiyo ya sintetike ya hormone umubiri wawe ukora mu buryo busanzwe. Yateguwe by'umwihariko mu bihe by'ubutabazi igihe umuntu urwaye diyabete ahuye n'isukari iri hasi cyane mu maraso kandi adashobora kurya cyangwa kunywa ibiryo mu buryo bwizewe.

Uyu muti uza mu buryo bw'ibikoresho byuzuzwa mbere, imashini zikora inshinge, cyangwa ifu igomba kuvangwa mbere yo gukoreshwa. Inshinge ikora mu minota mike kugirango izamure urwego rwa glucose mu maraso, ikaba igikoresho cy'ingenzi cy'ubutabazi ku bantu barwaye diyabete n'imiryango yabo.

Bitandukanye n'imiti isanzwe ya diyabete igabanya isukari mu maraso, glucagon ikora ibinyuranye. Ibwira umwijima wawe kurekura glucose yabitswe mu maraso yawe, itanga imbaraga zihuse umubiri wawe ukeneye cyane mu gihe cy'ubutabazi bwa hypoglycemic.

Inshinge ya Glucagon ikoreshwa mu iki?

Inshinge ya Glucagon ivura hypoglycemia ikomeye igihe umuntu adashobora kurya cyangwa kunywa kugirango azamure isukari mu maraso ye mu buryo bwizewe. Ibi bikunda kuba iyo urwego rwa glucose mu maraso rugabanutse munsi ya 70 mg / dL kandi umuntu atazi, afatwa n'ibibazo, cyangwa adashobora kumira.

Uyu muti cyane cyane wandikirwa abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, nubwo abafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bakoresha insuline nabo bashobora kuyikeneye. Bifite akamaro cyane cyane ku bantu bahura n'ibibazo by'isukari iri hasi mu maraso kenshi cyangwa bafite amateka y'ibibazo bikomeye bya hypoglycemic.

Abaganga bakoresha kandi inshinge za glucagon mu buvuzi mu bigendanye no gupima indwara. Mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibizamini byerekana ishusho y'umubiri nk'ibizamini bya CT byo mu nda, glucagon ifasha koroshya imitsi yo mu mara kugira ngo habeho amashusho asobanutse.

Ni gute inshinge za Glucagon zikora?

Inshinge za Glucagon zikora zifatana n'utunyangingo twihariye two mu mwijima wawe, bigatuma habaho gusenya vuba glucose yabitswe yitwa glycogen. Ubu buryo, buzwi nka glycogenolysis, busohora glucose mu maraso yawe ako kanya nyuma y'iminota 5-10 y'urushinge.

Uyu muti ufashwe nk'umuti ukomeye kandi ukora vuba mu gihe cy'uburwayi bwihutirwa. Bitandukanye n'imiti ikora gahoro, glucagon ntishingikiriza ku igogora ryawe kugira ngo ikore. Ica mu gifu rwose, bituma ikora neza kabone n'iyo umuntu atazi ibyo arimo cyangwa aruka.

Uru rushinge rutuma kandi umwijima wawe ukora glucose nshya uvuye mu bindi bintu biri mu mubiri wawe, nubwo iyi ngaruka ya kabiri itinda gutera. Iyi mikorere ibiri yemeza ko isukari yo mu maraso yiyongera ako kanya kandi igakomeza mu bihe bikomeye.

Nkwiriye gufata gute inshinge za Glucagon?

Inshinge za Glucagon zigomba gutangwa gusa igihe umuntu arimo guhura n'ikibazo gikomeye cyo kugabanuka kwa glucose mu maraso kandi adashobora kurya cyangwa kunywa neza. Uyu muti uterwa mu gice cy'imitsi, akenshi mu itako, ukuboko kwo hejuru, cyangwa mu kibuno.

Ntabwo ugomba guhangayika ku gihe cyo kurya hamwe n'inshinge za glucagon kuko zikoreshwa mu gihe cy'uburwayi bwihutirwa igihe kurya bidashoboka. Ariko, igihe umuntu asubiye ubwenge kandi ashobora kumira neza, agomba kurya ibinyamutungo bikora vuba nk'umutobe cyangwa ibinini bya glucose.

Aho urushinge ruterwa rugomba kuba rumeze neza, ariko ntugatinye gutanga ubuvuzi kugira ngo ubone ibisukura mu gihe cy'uburwayi bwihutirwa. Hindura aho urushinge ruterwa niba doze nyinshi zikenewe, nubwo ibi bidakunze kuba ngombwa. Ujye uhamagara serivisi zihutirwa nyuma yo gutanga glucagon, kabone n'iyo umuntu asa n'ushyira mu buryo bwihuse.

Nkwiriye gufata inshinge za Glucagon igihe kingana iki?

Umuti wa glucagon ntugomba gufatwa buri munsi nk'imiti isanzwe. Ahubwo, ni umuti w'ubutabazi ukoreshwa gusa igihe hypoglycemia ikomeye ibayeho kandi imiti isanzwe idashoboka.

Umuti umwe utanga urugero rumwe rwo gukoresha igihe kimwe cya hypoglycemia. Abantu benshi bazabona isukari yabo mu maraso izamuka mu minota 5-15 nyuma yo guterwa urwo rukingo, nubwo ingaruka zose zishobora gutwara iminota 30 kugirango zigaragare rwose.

Ugomba buri gihe kugira glucagon itarashaje niba uri mu kaga ko kugira hypoglycemia ikomeye. Simbuza ibikoresho byashaje ukurikije itariki yo kurangiza, akenshi buri mezi 12-24 bitewe n'igicuruzwa cyihariye. Umuganga wawe azemeza niba ukeneye kugumana glucagon bitewe n'uburyo bwawe bwihariye bwo gucunga diyabete n'amateka yawe.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara byo Guterwa Glucagon?

Guterwa glucagon bishobora gutera ibikorwa bitandukanye bigaragara, nubwo wibuke ko mugihe cy'ubutabazi bukomeye bwa hypoglycemia, inyungu ziruta izi ngorane z'igihe gito. Ibikorwa byinshi bigaragara ni bike kandi bikemuka byonyine mumasaha make.

Ibikorwa bisanzwe bigaragara ushobora guhura nabyo birimo isesemi no kuruka, bikora kubantu benshi bahabwa inshinge za glucagon. Ibi bimenyetso akenshi bitangira mumunota 30 wo guterwa urukingo kandi akenshi bigenda mumasaha 2-3.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara ushobora guhura nabyo, byateguwe kuva kubisanzwe kugeza kubitagaragara cyane:

• Isesemi no kuruka (bisanzwe cyane)
• Umutwe no kuribwa umutwe
• Kunanirwa no gucika intege
• Urubavu rw'inda cyangwa kuribwa
• Ibikorwa byo guterwa urukingo nk'umutuku cyangwa kubyimba
• Umutima wihuta
• Kunyeganyega

Ibi bikorwa muri rusange ni igisubizo cyumubiri wawe ku kwiyongera vuba kwa isukari mu maraso no guhangayika kw'igihe cya hypoglycemia ubwacyo. Abantu benshi bumva bameze neza cyane iyo isukari yabo mu maraso ihagaze, nubwo ibikorwa bimwe bigaragara byoroheje bikomeza.

Ingaruka zidakunze ariko zikomeye zirimo ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwibasirwa n’umubiri, nubwo ibyo bidakunze kubaho. Ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n’umubiri bikomeye birimo kubura umwuka, kubyimba cyane, cyangwa amabara yose ku mubiri. Niba ibyo bibaye, shakisha ubufasha bwihuse bw’abaganga.

Ni bande batagomba gufata urushinge rwa Glucagon?

Abantu bake cyane bagomba kwirinda urushinge rwa glucagon iyo bahuye n’uburwayi bukomeye bwa hypoglycemia, kuko umuti muri rusange utekanye kurusha kwemerera isukari yo mu maraso iri hasi cyane gukomeza. Ariko, hariho ibintu bimwe na bimwe byihariye aho kwitonda bikomeye bikenewe.

Abantu bafite allergie zizwi kuri glucagon cyangwa ibintu byose biri mu rushinge bagomba kumenyesha abaganga babo ibijyanye n’ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Byongeye kandi, abafite ibibyimba bidasanzwe byitwa pheochromocytomas bagomba gukoresha glucagon bitonze cyane, kuko bishobora gutera umuvuduko mwinshi w’amaraso.

Abantu bafite insulinomas (ibibyimba bikora insuline) bashobora guhura n’isukari yo mu maraso iri hasi igihe kirekire nyuma ya glucagon, bisaba gukurikiranwa n’abaganga igihe kirekire. Abantu bafite ububiko bwa glycogen bwarangiritse cyane, nk'abafite imirire mibi igihe kirekire cyangwa inzoga zidakira, ntibashobora gusubiza neza kuri glucagon.

Abagore batwite kandi bonka bashobora guhabwa inshinge za glucagon mu gihe cy’ibibazo bya hypoglycemic, kuko ibyago byo kugira isukari yo mu maraso iri hasi cyane biruta ibyago byose bishobora guterwa n’imiti. Buri gihe ganira ku mateka yawe y’ubuvuzi bwihariye n’umuganga wawe mugihe ukora gahunda yawe y’ubuvuzi bwihutirwa bwa diyabete.

Amazina y’ubwoko bw’urushinge rwa Glucagon

Ibicuruzwa byinshi byo guterwa urushinge rwa glucagon biraboneka, buri kimwe gifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga no gutegura. Amazina asanzwe y’ubwoko arimo Baqsimi (ifumbire yo mu mazuru), Gvoke (ikaramu yuzuye), na Zegalogue (auto-injector).

Baqsimi itanga uburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha umuti unyuzwa mu mazuru, butasaba guterwa urushinge, bigatuma byoroha ku bagize umuryango cyangwa abagomba kwita ku murwayi bashobora kutishimira inshinge. Gvoke na Zegalogue biza mu buryo bwiteguye gukoreshwa butasaba kuvanga, bigatuma bikoreshwa byihuse mu gihe cy'uburwayi.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gutabara byihuse bya glucagon nk'ibikoresho byihutirwa bya Glucagon bisaba kuvanga ifu n'amazi mbere yo guterwa urushinge, nubwo byinshi muri ibyo bikoresho bigenda bisimburwa n'uburyo bushya, bworoshye gukoresha. Umuganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku mibereho yawe, ubwishingizi bwawe, n'ibyo ukunda.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza inshinge za Glucagon

Nubwo guterwa urushinge rwa glucagon bikiri icyitegererezo cyo kuvura hypoglycemia ikomeye, hariho ubundi buryo bushobora gukoreshwa bitewe n'uko ibintu bimeze n'uburemere bw'isukari iri hasi mu maraso. Kubijyanye na hypoglycemia yoroheje kugeza ku yiciriritse iyo umuntu azi ubwenge kandi ashobora kumira, imisemburo yihuta ni yo ya mbere.

Ibinini bya glucose, gels, cyangwa amazi bikora vuba ku bantu bazi ubwenge barwaye hypoglycemia. Ubu buryo burimo ibicuruzwa nk'amashusho ya glucose, ibiryo bya cake, cyangwa soda isanzwe. Ariko, ubu buryo bukora gusa iyo umuntu ashobora kubirya neza mu kanwa.

Mu bitaro, abaganga bashobora gukoresha dextrose yo mu maraso (igisubizo cy'isukari) kugira ngo bazamure vuba urugero rw'isukari mu maraso. Ubu buryo bufite akamaro cyane iyo IV imaze kuboneka cyangwa igihe glucagon itashobora gukora neza bitewe n'ibigega bya glycogen byashize.

Abantu bamwe bakoresha ibikoresho bikomeza gukurikirana glucose hamwe na sisitemu zitanga insulin zikora zonyine kugira ngo bafashe kwirinda ibihe bya hypoglycemia bikomeye rwose. Nubwo izi tekinoroji zitagomba gusimbura glucagon mu gihe cy'uburwayi, zishobora kugabanya cyane kugaragara kw'ibibazo by'isukari iri hasi mu maraso.

Ese guterwa urushinge rwa Glucagon biruta glucose yo mu kanwa?

Umuti wa glucagon n'isukari yo kunywa bifite akamaro gatandukanye mu kuvura diyabete, bigatuma kugereranya mu buryo butaziguye bimeze nk'ugereranya icyuma kizimya umuriro n'icyuma kivumbura umwotsi. Buri kimwe gifite uruhare rwarwo rwo kugufasha kwirinda hypoglycemia.

Imiti y'isukari yo kunywa nk'ibinini cyangwa amavuta bikora neza iyo uri muzima kandi ushobora kumira neza. Byihutisha gukoresha, ntibisaba guterwa urushinge, kandi bizamura isukari mu maraso neza muri hypoglycemia yoroheje kugeza hagati. Abantu benshi bakwiye kubanza kugerageza imiti yo kunywa iyo bumva isukari yabo igiye kugabanuka.

Ariko, urushinge rwa glucagon ruba ntagereranwa iyo umuntu atazi ibyo arimo, afite ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara, cyangwa adashobora kumira neza. Muri ibyo bihe bikomeye, isukari yo kunywa ishobora kuba akaga kuko ishobora gutera guhagarara cyangwa kwinjira mu bihaha.

Tekereza isukari yo kunywa nk'umurongo wa mbere wo kwirinda ibibazo by'isukari igabanuka, mu gihe urushinge rwa glucagon rukora nk'ubufasha bwawe bwihutirwa mu bihe bishobora guteza ubuzima akaga. Kugira byombi bihari bituma ugira uburinzi bwuzuye ku rwego rutandukanye rwa hypoglycemia.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye n'urushinge rwa Glucagon

Ese urushinge rwa Glucagon rufite umutekano ku ndwara z'umutima?

Urushinge rwa glucagon muri rusange rufite umutekano ku bantu bafite indwara z'umutima, cyane cyane hashingiwe ku ngaruka zikomeye zo kutavura hypoglycemia ikomeye. Uyu muti ushobora kongera umuvuduko w'umutima n'umuvuduko w'amaraso by'igihe gito, ariko izo ngaruka zikunze kuba nto kandi ntizitinda.

Umunaniro w'umutima uterwa na hypoglycemia ikomeye ubwayo utera akaga gakomeye ku mutima wawe kurusha urushinge rwa glucagon rukoreshwa mu kuyivura. Isukari igabanutse mu maraso ishobora gutera ibibazo bidasanzwe by'umutima, bityo kuvurwa vuba na glucagon ni uburyo bwiza.

Niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'umutima, ganira n'abaganga babigize umwuga b'umutima n'abaganga b'imisemburo ku bijyanye n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze. Bashobora kugufasha gukora gahunda y'ubutabazi yita ku byo ukeneye mu gucunga diyabete yawe n'ubuzima bw'umutima.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nshoboye gukoresha glucagon nyinshi mu buryo butunganye?

Gukoresha glucagon nyinshi mu buryo butunganye ntibibaho cyane kuko ibicuruzwa byinshi bikubiyemo doze imwe gusa, ariko nibiba, genzura ibimenyetso byiyongereye nk'isuka ikabije, kuruka, cyangwa urugero rwinshi rw'isukari mu maraso. Vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa serivisi z'ubutabazi kugira ngo bagufashe.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwitaho iyo wakoresheje glucagon nyinshi ni uko bishobora kuzamura isukari mu maraso cyane, bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'inyota ikabije, kunyara kenshi, cyangwa gukora ketone. Genzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso kenshi kandi ukurikize amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe yo gucunga isukari nyinshi mu maraso.

Ibibazo byinshi byo gukoresha glucagon nyinshi bikemuka byonyine igihe umubiri wawe ukoresha imiti, akenshi mu masaha make. Ariko, kugenzura kwa muganga w'umwuga ni byiza buri gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane neza no kuvura niba bikenewe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba ntasohoye doze ya glucagon?

Iki kibazo ntikireba neza glucagon y'urushinge kuko atari umuti uteganyijwe nk'imiti ya diyabete ikoreshwa buri munsi. Glucagon ikoreshwa gusa mu gihe cy'ubutabazi iyo hypoglycemia ikabije ibayeho kandi izindi miti zitashoboka.

Aho guhangayika ku bijyanye na doze zitabonetse, jya wibanda ku kwemeza ko buri gihe ufite glucagon itarashaje igihe uyikeneye. Genzura amatariki yo kurangiza imiti buri gihe kandi usimbuze ibikoresho byarangiye ukurikije ibitekerezo by'umuganga wawe.

Niba ufite hypoglycemia ikabije kandi udafite glucagon, hamagara serivisi z'ubutabazi ako kanya. Abaganga batwara glucagon kandi bashobora gutanga imiti ukeneye mu gihe bagutwara mu buvuzi.

Nshobora kureka gutwara glucagon ryari?

Umutwaro wo guhagarika gukoresha glucagon ugomba gufatirwa mu biganiro na muganga wawe, hashingiwe ku buryo wita ku indwara ya diyabete yawe n'ibintu bigushyira mu kaga ko kugira hypoglycemia. Muri rusange, uzakenera glucagon igihe cyose uri mu kaga ko kugira hypoglycemia ikomeye.

Abantu bafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 basanzwe bakeneye glucagon ubuzima bwabo bwose, kuko bahora bafite akaga ko kugira ibibazo byo hasi cyane by'isukari mu maraso. Abafite diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bakoresha insuline nabo bashobora gukenera glucagon igihe kirekire, bitewe n'uburyo bavurwa n'amateka ya hypoglycemia.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'uko isukari yawe iri mu maraso, impinduka z'imiti, ibintu by'imibereho, n'amateka y'ibibazo bya hypoglycemic igihe baganira niba ugikenera glucagon yihutirwa.

Ese abagize umuryango wanjye bashobora kumpa urushinge rwa Glucagon?

Yego, abagize umuryango, inshuti, cyangwa abagufata bazwi kandi bagomba kwigishwa gutanga inshinge za glucagon mu gihe cy'ibibazo byihutirwa. Mubyukuri, kugira abandi bazi uburyo bwo gukoresha glucagon yawe ni ngombwa, kuko ushobora kuba utazi cyangwa ntushobore kwifasha mu gihe cya hypoglycemia ikomeye.

Ibicuruzwa byinshi bya glucagon biza n'amabwiriza yoroshye kandi bigenewe gukoreshwa n'abantu batari abaganga. Tekereza ko muganga wawe yerekana uburyo bwo gutera urushinge ku bagize umuryango wawe cyangwa inshuti zawe za hafi zishobora kuba zihari mu gihe cy'ibibazo byihutirwa.

Kora imyitozo hamwe n'abantu bagushyigikiye, kugirango buri wese yumve afite icyizere cyo kumenya ibimenyetso bya hypoglycemia ikomeye no gutanga glucagon neza. Wibuke gushimangira ko bagomba guhamagara serivisi zihutirwa nyuma yo gutanga glucagon, kabone niyo usa nkaho ukira vuba.