Icyo Icatibanti ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'ibindi

Icatibanti ni umuti wihariye wagenewe kuvura indwara ya angioedema y'umurage (HAE), indwara idasanzwe yo mu bwoko itera ububyimbirwe bukomeye butunguranye. Uyu muti wandikirwa na muganga ukora ubugenzuzi bwihariye mu mubiri wawe butera ibi bimenyetso by'ububyimbirwe buteye akaga, bigatanga ubufasha igihe ukeneye cyane.

Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda yaranzwe na HAE, gusobanukirwa icatibanti birashobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi ufite icyizere cyo gucunga iyi ndwara. Uyu muti ugaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu kuvura ibitero bya HAE, utanga icyizere n'ubufasha bufatika kubantu babana n'iyi ndwara igoye.

Icatibanti ni iki?

Icatibanti ni umuti wa sintetike wigana poroteyine isanzwe mu mubiri wawe yitwa bradykinin receptor antagonist. Yagenewe guhagarika ibikorwa bitera ibitero bya HAE binyuze mu guhagarika bradykinin B2 receptors.

Tekereza bradykinin nk'urufunguzo rufungura ububyimbirwe mu mubiri wawe. Icatibanti ikora nk'ihindura imfunguzo kugirango urwo rufunguzo rutagikora. Uyu muti uza mu giti cyuzuye cyuzuye ukoresha inshinge ukoresha munsi y'uruhu rwawe, bigatuma biboneka mugihe cyihutirwa murugo cyangwa mubigo by'ubuvuzi.

Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa bradykinin receptor antagonists, kandi ni umwe mu miti yagenewe kuvura ibitero bya HAE. Bitandukanye n'imiti isanzwe irwanya ububyimbirwe, icatibanti yagenewe by'umwihariko gukemura impamvu nyamukuru y'ububyimbirwe bwa HAE.

Icatibanti ikoreshwa kubera iki?

Icatibanti ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura ibitero bikaze bya hereditary angioedema mu bantu bakuru n'urubyiruko. HAE ni indwara idasanzwe yo mu bwoko ifata abantu bagera kuri 1 kuri 50.000 ku isi hose, itera ibitero bitunguranye by'ububyimbirwe bukomeye.

Mugihe cyo kwibasirwa na HAE, ushobora guhura no kubyimba bikomeye mu maso yawe, mu muhogo, mu ntoki, mu birenge, cyangwa mu nda. Ibi byago bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, cyane cyane iyo bigize ingaruka ku nzira yawe y'umwuka cyangwa bigatera ububabare bukomeye mu nda busa n'ubundi burwayi bwihutirwa.

Uyu muti wemerejwe by'umwihariko gukoreshwa mu gihe cyo kwibasirwa na HAE kandi ntukoreshwa mu zindi ngaruka ziterwa n'uburwayi bwo mu mubiri cyangwa kubyimba. Muganga wawe azandika icatibant gusa niba ufite icyemezo cy'uko urwaye HAE binyuze mu bizamini bya genetike cyangwa amateka y'umuryango, hamwe n'ibizamini by'amaraso byihariye bigaragaza kubura cyangwa kutagira akamaro ka C1 esterase inhibitor.

Icatibant ikora ite?

Icatibant ikora ibuza bradykinin B2 receptors mu mubiri wawe wose, zo zikaba ari zo ziteza kwibasirwa na HAE. Iyo izo receptors zikoreshejwe, zitera urukurikirane rw'uburwayi butuma habaho kubyimba kwa HAE.

Uyu muti ufashwe nk'uvura neza kandi wihariye kuko uhagarika inzira yihariye itera ibimenyetso bya HAE. Bitandukanye na antihistamines cyangwa corticosteroids, zikora muri rusange ku mikorere y'umubiri, icatibant yibanda ku buryo nyabwo butera kubyimba kwawe.

Uyu muti ubusanzwe utangira gukora mu minota 30 kugeza ku masaha 2 nyuma yo guterwa urushinge, abantu benshi bagaragaza impinduka zigaragara mu bimenyetso byabo muri iki gihe. Ibyo bigaragara bishobora kumara amasaha menshi, biha umubiri wawe umwanya wo gukemura icyo gitero mu buryo busanzwe.

Nkwiriye gufata icatibant nte?

Icatibant itangwa nk'urushinge rwo munsi y'uruhu, bivuze ko iterwa munsi y'uruhu aho guterwa mu misitsi cyangwa mu muyoboro w'amaraso. Urutonde rusanzwe ni 30 mg, bitangwa binyuze mu rusinge ruzuzijwe rwagombaga gukoreshwa rimwe gusa.

Uzatanga icatibanti mu gice cy'umubiri kirimo urugimbu, nk'inda yawe, itako, cyangwa ukuboko kwawe kw'igice cy'inyuma. Muganga wawe azakwigisha cyangwa umwe mu muryango wawe uko utanga inshinge neza, ku buryo uzabasha kuzikoresha mu gihe cy'uburwayi bwihutirwa. Ahantu batera urushinge hagomba kuba hasukuye, kandi ugomba guhinduranya ahantu batera urushinge niba ukeneye doze nyinshi.

Bitandukanye n'imiti myinshi, icatibanti ntigomba gufatwa hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amazi kuko iterwa mu rushinge. Ariko, ugomba kubika umuti muri firigo yawe kandi ukawureka ukagera ku bushyuhe busanzwe mbere yo kuwutera. Ntukanyeganyeje urushinge, kuko ibyo bishobora kwangiza umuti.

Niba doze yawe ya mbere itatanze ubufasha buhagije nyuma y'amasaha 6, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba urushinge rwa kabiri. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera doze ya gatatu, ariko ibi bikwiye gukorwa gusa hakurikijwe ubujyanama bw'abaganga.

Nkwiriye Gufata Icatibanti Igihe Kingana Gite?

Icatibanti ikoreshwa uko bikwiye mu gihe cy'ibitero bya HAE, aho gukoreshwa nk'umuti wa buri munsi wo gukumira. Igitero cyose kivurwa ukwacyo, kandi uzakoresha icatibanti gusa igihe urimo guhura n'ibimenyetso bya HAE bikora.

Abantu benshi basanga urushinge rumwe rutanga ubufasha ku gitero cyose, gikunze kumara iminsi 1-5 kitavuwe. Hamwe na icatibanti, ibitero byinshi bikemuka vuba cyane, akenshi mu masaha 4-8 nyuma yo guterwa urushinge.

Muganga wawe ntazakwandikira icatibanti yo gukoreshwa buri munsi mu gihe kirekire. Ahubwo, bazareba ko ufite uburyo bwo kubona umuti mu gihe cy'ibibazo byihutirwa kandi bashobora kandi kuganira ku miti yo gukumira niba uhura n'ibitero bihoraho.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara ku Miti ya Icatibanti?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, icatibanti irashobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza bitewe n'uburemere bw'ibitero bya HAE. Ibikorwa bigaragara cyane ni ibyoroshye kandi by'igihe gito.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara cyane ushobora guhura nabyo:

• Ibimenyetso byo guterwa urushinge birimo umutuku, kubyimba, cyangwa kubabara gato
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva uruhuka
• Isesemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Umutwe
• Urubura cyangwa kumva ususurutse
• Kugira umunaniro cyangwa kumva unaniwe

Ibi bimenyetso rusange bikunda gukira byonyine nyuma y'amasaha make kandi muri rusange biroroshye cyane kurusha igitero cya HAE ubwacyo.

Ingaruka zikomeye ziragoye ariko zirashobora kubaho. Ugomba gushaka ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga niba ubonye:

• Urugero rukomeye rwo kwivumbura rurimo kugorana guhumeka cyangwa ibibara byose
• Uburibwe mu gituza cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Kuribwa umutwe cyane cyangwa guta igihagararo
• Ibimenyetso byo guhagarara kw'amaraso nko kunanuka kw'umubiri, urujijo, cyangwa kugorana kuvuga
• Ibimenyetso bikomeye byo guterwa urushinge hamwe no gukwirakwiza umutuku cyangwa ubushyuhe

Abantu benshi basanga inyungu za icatibant zirenga cyane ibishobora kuba byateza, cyane cyane mugihe cyo kureba uburyo ibitero bya HAE bitavuwe bishobora kuba biteje akaga.

Ninde utagomba gufata Icatibant?

Icatibant ntibikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azagenzura neza niba bikwiriye kuri wowe. Uyu muti ntusabwa ku bana bari munsi y'imyaka 18, kuko umutekano n'imikorere byayo bitarashimangirwa muri iyi mibare.

Ntugomba gukoresha icatibant niba ufite allergie kuri uyu muti cyangwa ibikubiye muri wo. Bwira muganga wawe ibyerekeye ibyo wigeze guhura nabyo mbere kuri imiti isa cyangwa niba ufite amateka y'allergie zikomeye ku miti.

Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umutima bashobora gukenera gukurikiranwa byihariye mugihe bakoresha icatibant. Muganga wawe azitonda cyane niba ufite amateka y'indwara z'umutima, guhagarara kw'amaraso, cyangwa ibibazo byo gupfuka kw'amaraso.

Gusama no konsa bisaba kwitonderwa byihariye. Nubwo icatibant ritigeze ryigwa cyane ku bagore batwite, muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu zishoboka n'ibibazo niba utwite kandi ufite ibitero bikomeye bya HAE.

Izina ry'ubwoko bwa Icatibant

Icatibant igurishwa ku izina rya Firazyr mu bihugu byinshi, harimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika na Burayi. Iri ni izina rikuru uzahura na ryo mugihe muganga wawe aguhaye uyu muti.

Firazyr ikorwa na Takeda Pharmaceuticals kandi iza mu gace k'urushinge karimo 30 mg ya icatibant. Icyo gipaki cy'ubururu n'umweru gituma kimenyekana byoroshye mugihe cy'ibibazo byihutirwa.

Kugeza ubu, nta miti ya generic ya icatibant iboneka, bityo Firazyr ikaba ariyo yonyine ihari kuri uyu muti wihariye. Ubwishingizi bwawe n'inyungu za farumasi bizagena amafaranga uzatanga kuri ubu buvuzi bwihariye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Icatibant

Imiti myinshi ishobora kuvura ibitero bya HAE, nubwo buri imwe ikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi ishobora gukwira neza mubibazo bitandukanye. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya uburyo bukugirira neza.

Ecallantide (izina ry'ubucuruzi Kalbitor) ni undi muti uterwa mu nshinge ukora mu guhagarika kallikrein, enzyme igira uruhare mu bitero bya HAE. Bitandukanye na icatibant, ecallantide igomba gutangwa n'umuganga kuko hariho ibyago byinshi byo guhura n'ibibazo bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti.

Ibice bya C1 esterase inhibitor, biboneka nka Berinert, Cinryze, cyangwa Ruconest, bikora mu gusimbuza poroteyine idahagije cyangwa idakora neza muri HAE. Iyi miti itangwa mu maraso kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura ibitero no kubikumira.

Plasma nshya yari isanzwe ikoreshwa mbere yuko iyi miti mishya iboneka, ariko ubu ifatwa nk'uburyo butari bwiza kubera ibyago byo kwandura indwara ziterwa n'amaraso n'ubushobozi butandukanye.

Ese Icatibant iruta Ecallantide?

Icatibant na ecallantide ni imiti ikora neza mu kuvura ibitero bya HAE, ariko buri imwe ifite ibyiza byayo bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Guhitamo hagati yabyo akenshi biterwa n'uburyo bworoshye, ibitekerezo by'umutekano, n'uburyo umubiri wawe ubyakira.

Icyizere cy'ibanze cya Icatibant ni uko ushobora kwiyitaho iwawe mu rugo, ibyo bikaba ari ngombwa mu gihe cy'impanuka igihe kugera kwa muganga byaba bigoye. Nanone kandi, ifite ibyago bike byo guhura n'uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwibasirwa n'ibintu birenze urugero ugereranije na ecallantide.

Ecallantide ishobora gukora vuba ku bantu bamwe na bamwe kandi ikaba ifite akamaro kanini ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bwo kwibasirwa na HAE. Ariko, igomba gutangwa n'umuganga kubera ibyago byo kwibasirwa n'ibintu birenze urugero, ibyo bikaba bigabanya imikoreshereze yayo mu gihe cy'impanuka zo mu rugo.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'imibereho yawe, uburyo urwaye inshuro nyinshi, uko ugera ku buvuzi, n'ibyo ukunda wowe ubwawe mu gihe agena icyo ugomba guhitamo muri izi nzira. Abantu benshi basanga icatibant ifite akamaro kanini mu gihe cy'impanuka, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukunda ecallantide ku bwoko bwo kwibasirwa buterwa n'ubuvuzi.

Ibikunze Kubazwa ku Icatibant

Ese Icatibant irinzwe ku ndwara z'umutima?

Abantu barwaye indwara z'umutima bashobora gukoresha icatibant, ariko basaba isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi ryitondewe kandi rikurikiranwa. Umuti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi y'amaraso n'umuvuduko w'umutima ku bantu bamwe na bamwe, bityo umuganga wawe w'umutima n'inzobere ya HAE bazagomba gukorana.

Muganga wawe azareba uko umutima wawe umeze, imiti ukoresha ubu, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mbere yo kwandika icatibant. Bashobora kugusaba gukurikiranwa cyangwa kuvurwa mu bundi buryo niba indwara yawe y'umutima ikomeye cyangwa idahagije.

Abantu benshi barwaye indwara z'umutima zoroheje kugeza ku ziciriritse bakoresheje icatibant mu buryo bwizewe ku bwoko bwo kwibasirwa na HAE. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukuganira neza n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ku ndwara zawe zose n'imiti ukoresha.

Nigira iki niba nifashishije icatibant ku buryo butunganye?

Niba uteye icatibant nyinshi kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa serivisi z'ubutabazi ako kanya. Nubwo kwirenza urugero bidasanzwe kubera imiterere ya sirinji yuzuye, gufata nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo guhura n'ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti.

Igenzure neza ibimenyetso nk'izunguzwa rikomeye, isesemi, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo ku rubuga rwo guterwa urushinge. Ntugerageze kwivura wenyine, kuko ibyo bishobora gukomerereza ubuvuzi bwawe.

Bika imiti mu buryo bwayo bwose uyijyane mu bitaro kugira ngo abaganga babone neza icyo wafashe n'ingano yacyo. Igihe ni ingenzi, bityo ntukerere gushaka ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi niba ufite impungenge z'uko wafashe imiti irenze urugero.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe doze ya Icatibant?

Kubera ko icatibant ikoreshwa gusa mu gihe cyo kurwara HAE aho gukoreshwa buri gihe, ntushobora rwose "gucikanwa" na doze mu buryo busanzwe. Niba urimo kurwara kandi utarashyiraho icatibant, uracyashobora kuyifata vuba na bwangu umaze kumenya ibimenyetso.

Uyu muti ushobora kugira akamaro kabone n'iyo utawukoresheje ako kanya ibimenyetso bitangiye. Abantu benshi babona uburuhukiro kabone n'iyo batera icatibant amasaha menshi mu gihe cyo kurwara.

Ariko, ntukoreshe icatibant niba uburwayi bwawe bwararangiranye rwose. Uyu muti ukorerwa ibimenyetso bikiriho, ntabwo ukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo kwirinda nyuma y'uko uburwayi burangiye.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Icatibant?

Uzakomeza kugira icatibant igihe cyose ufite HAE, kuko iyi ndwara iterwa n'imiryango kandi ubu nta muti wayo. Ariko, gukoresha uyu muti bizaterwa n'uburyo urwara kenshi n'uburemere bw'uburwayi.

Abantu bamwe barwara HAE kenshi cyane kandi bashobora kumara imyaka myinshi batakeneye icatibant. Abandi barwara kenshi kandi bakoresha uyu muti buri gihe mu gihe cy'ibimenyetso.

Muganga wawe azagenzura gahunda yawe yo kuvura HAE buri gihe kandi ashobora guhindura uburyo bwawe bwo kuvura bitewe n'uburyo urwara, impinduka z'imibereho yawe, n'uko imiti mishya iboneka. Intego ni ukugabanya kenshi urwara n'uburemere bw'uburwayi mu gihe ukomeza ubuzima bwawe bwiza.

Nshobora kujyana Icatibant mu rugendo?

Yego, urashobora kugenda ufite icatibant, ariko bisaba gutegura kuko umuti ukeneye gukonjesha kandi uzaba witwaje ibikoresho byo guterwa inshinge. Amasosiyete y'indege menshi yemerera imiti ikenewe mu buvuzi mu mizigo yitwazwa mu ntoki hamwe n'inyandiko zikwiye.

Zana ibaruwa ivuye kwa muganga wawe isobanura uburwayi bwawe n'icyo umuti ukeneye. Paka icatibant mu gikapu gifite ubushyuhe buke hamwe n'ibikoresho byo gukonjesha, kandi uzirikane kuzana ibikoresho byinshi mu gihe habayeho gutinda mu rugendo.

Shakisha ibigo by'ubuvuzi aho ujya kugira ngo ubashe kwitabwaho byihutirwa cyangwa imiti yiyongera. Abaganga benshi b'inzobere mu kuvura HAE bashobora gutanga ubujyanama ku bijyanye no kugenda neza ufite uburwayi bwawe n'imiti.