Insulin ni iki (inzira ya parenteral): Ibikoresho, urugero, ingaruka ziterwa n'umubiri n'ibindi

Insulin itangwa hakoreshejwe inzira ya parenteral bisobanura insulin itangwa mu mubiri wawe mu buryo butaziguye binyuze mu nshinge, haba munsi y'uruhu rwawe cyangwa mu urugingo rw'amaraso. Ubu buryo butuma insulin igera mu maraso yawe vuba kandi neza, ikarenga rwose sisitemu yawe yo mu gifu.

Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu witaho akeneye ubuvuzi bwa insulin, gusobanukirwa uburyo insulin ya parenteral ikora birashobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cyinshi kuri ubu buvuzi bw'ingenzi. Ubu buryo bwo gutanga bumaze imyaka hafi ijana bufasha abantu gucunga diyabete mu buryo bwizewe.

Insulin ni iki (inzira ya parenteral)?

Insulin ya Parenteral ni umuti wa insulin utangwa binyuze mu nshinge aho gutangwa mu kanwa. Ijambo "parenteral" risobanura gusa "hanze y'amara," risobanura inzira iyo ari yo yose irenga sisitemu yawe yo mu gifu.

Ibi birimo inshinge za subcutaneous (munsi y'uruhu rwawe), inshinge za intravenous (mu urugingo rw'amaraso), n'inshinge za intramuscular (mu gice cy'umubiri). Abantu benshi barwaye diyabete bakoresha inshinge za subcutaneous, zo zikaba ari uburyo busanzwe kandi bworoshye.

Umubiri wawe ukora insulin mu buryo busanzwe muri pankere yawe, ariko abantu bamwe bakeneye insulin yinyongera kugirango bacunge urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yabo. Itangwa rya Parenteral rituma uyu muti wo kurokora ubuzima ugera mu maraso yawe ku gihe cyiza no ku rugero rukwiye.

Insulin (inzira ya Parenteral) ikoreshwa mu iki?

Insulin ya Parenteral ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura diyabete mellitus, haba ubwoko bwa 1 n'ubwoko bwa 2. Abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 bakeneye insulin kuko pankere yabo ikora insulin nkeya cyangwa ntayo na rimwe.

Abantu benshi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 na bo bungukira ku buvuzi bwa insulin, cyane cyane iyo indwara yabo ikomeje cyangwa indi miti idahagije. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba insulin niba urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe rukomeza kuba rwinshi nubwo wakoresheje ubundi buvuzi.

Usibye gucunga diyabete, insuline ya parenteral ifasha kuvura diyabeti ketoacidose, ikibazo gikomeye aho umubiri wawe ukora aside ziteje akaga zizwi nka ketones. Ibihe by'ubutabazi rimwe na rimwe bisaba gutanga insuline yihuse binyuze mu nzira ya intravenous.

Abagore batwite bafite diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita nabo bashobora gukenera insuline ya parenteral kugira ngo barinde umubyeyi n'umwana. Ibi bituma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruguma mu rugero rw'umutekano mu gihe cyose cyo gutwita.

Insuline (inzira ya Parenteral) ikora ite?

Insuline ya Parenteral ikora yigana imikorere y'umubiri wawe y'insuline. Iyo imaze guterwa, insuline ifasha gukurura glucose mu maraso yawe ikayijyana mu ntsinga zawe, aho ikoreshwa mu kubona imbaraga.

Tekereza insuline nk'urufunguzo rufungura imiryango y'intsinga zawe, rukemerera glucose kwinjira no gutunga umubiri wawe. Hatabayeho insuline ihagije, glucose yiyongera mu maraso yawe, bigatuma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruzamuka cyane.

Imbaraga n'umuvuduko w'imikorere ya insuline biterwa n'ubwoko bwihariye bwanditswe. Insuline ikora vuba ikora mu minota 15, mugihe imiti ikora igihe kirekire itanga ubufasha buhoraho kugeza ku masaha 24.

Umunsi wa insuline ya subcutaneous ubaho buhoro buhoro binyuze mu miyoboro mito y'amaraso munsi y'uruhu rwawe. Ibi bituma habaho irekurwa rigenzurwa kurusha itangwa rya intravenous, rikora ako kanya ariko risaba ubugenzuzi bwa muganga.

Nkwiriye gufata insuline (inzira ya Parenteral) nte?

Gufata insuline ya parenteral neza bituma umuti ukora neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe. Umuganga wawe azakwigisha uburyo bukwiye bwo gutera inshinge kandi agufashe guhitamo ahantu heza ho gutera inshinge.

Abantu benshi batera insuline mu bice by'ibice by'ibinure nk'inda yawe, ibibero, cyangwa amaboko yawe. Hindura ahantu ho gutera inshinge buri gihe kugirango wirinde ibibazo by'uruhu kandi wemeze ko ifatwa rihoraho.

Aha hari intambwe zingenzi zo gutera insinge za insuline mu buryo bwizewe:

• Komesa gukaraba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi
• Suzuma insuline yawe niba irimo ibibumbe, amabuye, cyangwa uko isa bitari ibisanzwe
• Sukura ahantu uzateramo urushinge ukoresheje agapira karimo alcool niba byasabwe
• Shyira urushinge ku mpande ya dogere 90 ku bantu benshi
• Tera insuline gahoro gahoro kandi utajegajega
• Fata urushinge ahantu ruri iminota 10 mbere yo kurukuramo
• Jugunya inshinge mu buryo bwizewe mu kintu cyabugenewe

Izi ntambwe zifasha kumenya ko buri nshinge itanga insuline ingana neza mugihe igabanya kutumva neza. Umwigisha wawe wa diyabete ashobora gutanga imyitozo ikora kugeza wumva ufite icyizere.

Igihe ni ingenzi cyane mugutera insuline. Insuline ikora vuba igomba gufatwa mbere gato yo kurya, mugihe insuline ikora igihe kirekire akenshi itangwa mugihe cyo kuryama cyangwa igihe kimwe buri munsi.

Bika insuline itarakingurwa muri firigo yawe, ariko uyemerere kugera ku bushyuhe busanzwe mbere yo kuyitera. Insuline ikonje irashobora gutera kutumva neza kandi ntishobora kwinjizwa nkuko byitezwe.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Gite Ntera Insuline (Uburyo bwo kuyitera)?

Igihe cyo kuvura na insuline giterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwite n'ibyo ukeneye. Abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 basanzwe bakeneye kuvurwa na insuline ubuzima bwabo bwose kuko imitsi yabo idashobora gukora insuline.

Kubera diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, igihe cyo kuvurwa na insuline kiratandukanye cyane. Abantu bamwe bakeneye insuline by'agateganyo mugihe barwaye cyangwa bahuye n'umunaniro, mugihe abandi bayikeneye igihe kirekire uko uburwayi bwabo bugenda burushaho.

Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe uko isukari yo mu maraso yawe yifashe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'uburyo witwara ku buvuzi. Barashobora guhindura uburyo bwawe bwo gutera insuline cyangwa bagashaka ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bishingiye kuri ibyo biganiro.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata insuline utabanje kubaza umuganga wawe. Guhagarika bitunguranye birashobora gutera isukari yo mu maraso yiyongera cyane n'ibibazo bikomeye nka diyabetike ketoacidose.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Mibi ya Insuline (Uburyo bwo kuyitera)?

Abantu benshi boroherwa no gukoresha insuline itangwa mu buryo bw'urushinge, ariko nk'imiti yose, ishobora gutera ingaruka. Kumva izo ngaruka zishobora kubaho bifasha kumenya igihe cyo kwegera umuganga.

Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunze kuba zoroheje kandi zishobora guhangana nazo hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye no gukurikiranwa. Ariko, izindi ngaruka zisaba kwitabwaho n'abaganga ako kanya.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo:

• Umutuku, kubyimba, cyangwa kuribwa ahaterwa urushinge
• Urubabare rw'igihe gito cyangwa kuruma mugihe cyo guterwa urushinge
• Utubumbe duto munsi y'uruhu (lipodystrophy)
• Kongera ibiro byoroheje mugihe umubiri wawe ukoresha isukari neza
• Gukomereka rimwe na rimwe ahaterwa urushinge

Izi ngaruka akenshi ziragenda zikemuka uko umubiri wawe umenyera imiti ya insuline kandi uburyo bwawe bwo guterwa urushinge burushaho kunozwa.

Hypoglycemia (isukari nkeya mu maraso) igaragaza ingaruka ikomeye isanzwe. Ibimenyetso birimo guhinda umushyitsi, kubira ibyuya, urujijo, umutima utera cyane, n'inzara.

Hypoglycemia ikomeye ishobora gutera kutumva cyangwa gufatwa n'ibihungabanyo kandi bisaba kuvurwa ako kanya. Buri gihe ujyane amavuta cyangwa ibiribwa byihutisha isukari mugihe ukoresha insuline.

Ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye zisaba kwitabwaho n'abaganga ako kanya zirimo:

• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi bwo kwanga imiti bigaragarira mu guhumeka bigoranye cyangwa kubyimba
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi bwo kwanga imiti rudakira
• Kongera ibiro byihuse cyangwa kubyimba bitumvikana
• Impinduka mu mbono cyangwa kubabara umutwe bikabije
• Kugaruka kenshi kw'ibibazo by'isukari nkeya mu maraso

Izi ngaruka zikomeye ntizikunze kubaho ariko zisaba isuzuma ryihuse ry'abaganga kugirango umutekano wawe n'imikorere y'imiti byizwe.

Ninde utagomba gufata insuline (inzira yo guterwa urushinge)?

Abantu bake cyane ntibashobora gufata insuline iterwa mu rushinge, kuko akenshi ni umuti w'agaciro mu gucunga diyabete. Ariko, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bisaba kwitonda cyangwa uburyo buhindutse.

Abantu bafite allergie ikomeye izwi ku miti ya insuline runaka bagomba kwirinda ibyo bicuruzwa byihariye. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya ubwoko bwa insuline busimbura bukora neza kuri wowe.

Ibitekerezo byihariye bikoreshwa ku matsinda atandukanye, nubwo insuline itavuzweho rumwe:

• Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko bashobora gukenera guhindura urugero rw'imiti
• Abafite hypoglycemia ikomeye kenshi bakeneye gukurikiranwa neza
• Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu mutwe zikora ku mikoreshereze y'imiti
• Abantu bafite ubumuga bukomeye bwo kureba batashobora kwikingira neza
• Abafite indwara zikomeye zifite imiti ikora cyangwa indwara zikomeye bashobora gukenera guhindurwa by'agateganyo

Ibi bihe ntibibuza gukoresha insuline ariko bisaba kugenzurwa na muganga wihariye kandi bishobora guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura.

Gusama mu by'ukuri bituma imiti ya insuline iba nziza kuruta imiti myinshi ya diyabete. Abagore benshi batwite bafite diyabete bakoresha insuline kuko itambuka placenta cyane.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizasuzuma neza ibintu byawe byihariye kugirango bamenye uburyo bwa insuline bwizewe kandi bukora neza kubyo ukeneye byihariye.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa insuline (inzira ya parenteral)

Ubwo bwoko bwa insuline bwinshi buraboneka, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yihariye n'uburyo bwo gukora. Kumva izi mpuzandengo bifasha kumenya umuti wawe wanditswe kandi ukaganira ku zindi mpuzandengo na muganga wawe.

Ubwo bwoko bwa insuline bukora vuba harimo Humalog (lispro), NovoLog (aspart), na Apidra (glulisine). Ibi bikora mu minota 15 kandi bikunze gufatwa mbere yo kurya.

Uburyo bwa insuline bukora igihe kirekire burimo Lantus (glargine), Levemir (detemir), na Tresiba (degludec). Ibi bitanga ubufasha bwa insuline buhoraho mu masaha 12 kugeza kuri 42.

Ubwoko bw'insuline zisanzwe z'abantu nka Humulin R na Novolin R zitanga uburyo bwo hagati bukora mu minota 30. Insuline za NPH nka Humulin N zitanga ubufasha burambye hamwe n'ingaruka zikomeye.

Insuline zivanzemo zivanga imiti ikora vuba n'imiti ikora igihe kirekire mu nshinge imwe. Urugero rurimo ibicuruzwa bya Humalog Mix na NovoLog Mix.

Izindi nzira z'insuline (inzira yo guterwa)

Mugihe insuline ikomeje kuba ingenzi kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, hariho izindi nzira nyinshi zo gucunga diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Ubu buryo bukora mu buryo butandukanye ariko bushobora kugenzura isukari mu maraso neza mu bihe bikwiye.

Imiti yo kunywa nka metformin, sulfonylureas, na SGLT2 inhibitors ifasha umubiri wawe gukoresha insuline yawo neza. Ibi bikora neza kubantu pancreas yabo igikora insuline.

Imiti itaterwa y'insuline irimo GLP-1 receptor agonists nka Ozempic, Trulicity, na Victoza. Iyi miti itera irekurwa rya insuline iyo isukari mu maraso iri hejuru mugihe itinda igogora.

Impinduka z'imibereho zigumaho izindi nzira z'ingenzi zikora hamwe n'umuti uwo ariwo wose. Imyitozo ngororamubiri ya buri gihe, kurya neza, no gucunga ibiro bituma isukari mu maraso igabanuka cyane.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhuza ubu buryo aho gusimbuza insuline rwose. Uburyo bwo kuvura bwiza buterwa n'ubwoko bwa diyabete yawe, uko igenda ikura, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ese Insuline (inzira yo guterwa) iruta Metformin?

Insuline na metformin bikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi ntibigereranywa mu buryo butaziguye. Guhitamo

Insulin ifite akamaro ko gusimbura cyangwa kongerera umubiri wawe insulin y'umwimerere. Abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 bagomba gukoresha insulin kuko imitsi yabo itunganya insulin nkeya cyangwa ntayo.

Ku bwoko bwa 2 bwa diyabete, abantu benshi batangira gukoresha metformin hanyuma bakongeraho insulin niba bibaye ngombwa. Ubu buryo bukunze gukora neza kurusha imiti yombi yonyine, itanga inyungu zunganirana.

Umuvuzi wawe yitaho ibintu byinshi muguhitamo hagati yiyi miti cyangwa kuyihuza, harimo urugero rw'isukari yo mu maraso yawe, imikorere y'impyiko, uburemere, n'intego z'ubuvuzi.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Insulin (Uburyo bwo kuyitera)

Ese Insulin (Uburyo bwo kuyitera) ifite umutekano ku ndwara z'impyiko?

Yego, insulin muri rusange ifite umutekano ku bantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko kandi akenshi iba uburyo bwo kuvura diyabete bukunda gukoreshwa mugihe imikorere y'impyiko igenda igabanuka. Bitandukanye na bimwe mu miti ivura diyabete inyobwa, insulin ntisaba ko impyiko ziyitunganya kugirango ivanwe mu mubiri.

Ariko, indwara z'impyiko zirashobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere y'umubiri wawe ya insulin, bishobora gusaba guhindura urugero rwawo. Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe kandi ahindure uburyo bwawe bwa insulin uko bikwiye.

Abantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko zigeze kure bashobora gukenera urugero rwa insulin ruto kuko impyiko zabo zikuramo insulin gahoro. Kugenzura buri gihe bifasha kwirinda ibihe byo kugabanuka k'isukari yo mu maraso.

Nigute nzakora niba niterese insulin nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba witerese insulin nyinshi, genzura urugero rw'isukari yo mu maraso yawe neza kandi witegure kuvura hypoglycemia. Ntukagire ubwoba - iyi miterere irashobora gucungwa neza n'uburyo bwo gusubiza neza.

Genzura isukari yo mu maraso yawe ako kanya kandi buri minota 15-30 mumasaha make akurikira. Niba isukari yo mu maraso yawe imanuka munsi ya 70 mg / dL, vura na garama 15 za glucose ikora vuba.

Vugana n'umuvuzi wawe cyangwa serivisi zihutirwa niba ubonye ibimenyetso bikomeye bya hypoglycemia nk'urujijo, kutabasha kumira, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge. Birasabwa kugira ibikoresho byihutirwa bya glucagon.

Ninkora iki niba nciwe urukingo rwa insuline?

Gucikwa urukingo rwa insuline bisaba ibisubizo bitandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bwa insuline wacikanywe. Ntukongere urukingo rwawe rukurikira – ibi bishobora gutera impinduka zikomeye z'isukari mu maraso.

Ku rukingo rwa insuline ikora vuba, genzura isukari yawe mu maraso hanyuma ufate urukingo niba ugiye kurya. Niba hashize amasaha arenga 2 uhereye ku ifunguro ryawe, reka urukingo hanyuma usubire ku gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ku rukingo rwa insuline ikora igihe kirekire, rufate ako kanya wibukira niba bitarenze amasaha 2-3 uhereye ku gihe usanzwe urufatiraho. Niba hashize igihe kirekire, vugana n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama.

Nshobora guhagarika gufata insuline ryari?

Abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ntibashobora guhagarika gufata insuline, kuko ari ngombwa ku buzima. Ariko, abantu bamwe barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bashobora kuzagabanya cyangwa guhagarika insuline bayobowe n'abaganga.

Impinduka zikomeye mu mibereho, kugabanya ibiro, cyangwa imikorere myiza ya pankereya bishobora gutuma abantu bamwe barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bafata imiti itandukanye kugira ngo bafate neza uburwayi bwabo.

Ntuzigere uhagarika imiti ya insuline utabanje kubaza umuganga wawe. Bazagenzura uko isukari yawe mu maraso imeze, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'uko diyabete ikomeza mbere yo gufata icyemezo icyo aricyo cyose.

Nshobora kugenda n'inkingo za insuline?

Yego, urashobora kugenda neza n'inkingo za insuline mugihe uteguye mbere kandi ukurikiza amabwiriza yo kubika neza. Jya uzana insuline mu gikapu cyawe cyo mu ntoki kugira ngo wirinde ubushyuhe burenze urugero.

Zana ibaruwa ivuye kwa muganga wawe isobanura impamvu yawe y'ubuvuzi ya insuline n'ibikoresho. Paka insuline n'ibikoresho byinshi mugihe habayeho gutinda kw'urugendo cyangwa igikapu cyabuze.

Tekereza ku mpinduka z'amasaha mugihe ugenda intera ndende, kandi ukorane n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo uhindure gahunda yawe y'inkingo uko bikwiye kubera amasaha atandukanye.