Icyo Lamivudine na Zidovudine ari cyo: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti n'ibindi

Lamivudine na zidovudine ni umuti uvura indwara ya SIDA. Uyu muti ukora neza cyane, ugabanya umuvuduko wa virusi kandi ugatuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bukomeza gukora neza igihe kirekire.

Niba warandikiwe uyu muti, birashoboka ko wumva ufite ibibazo byinshi. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe, kandi gusobanukirwa uko uyu muti ukora bishobora kugufasha kumva ufite icyizere cyinshi ku rugendo rwawe rw'ubuzima.

Lamivudine na Zidovudine ni iki?

Lamivudine na zidovudine ni uruvange rw'imiti ibiri irwanya virusi ya SIDA. Iyi miti yombi ikora mu cyiciro cyitwa nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, bivuze ko bibuza virusi ya SIDA kwigana muri selile zawe.

Tekereza kuri iyi miti nk'iyo gushyiraho inzitizi zibuza virusi gukwirakwira mu mubiri wawe. Lamivudine imaze gufasha abantu barwaye SIDA kuva mu myaka ya za 1990, naho zidovudine ni umuti wa mbere warwanyaga SIDA wemewe na FDA mu 1987.

Uru ruvange rukunze kwandikwa nk'igice cy'uburyo bwo kuvura burambuye burimo n'indi miti irwanya SIDA. Muganga wawe azahitamo neza uruvange rukwiye hashingiwe ku miterere yawe yihariye n'ibyo umubiri wawe ukeneye.

Lamivudine na Zidovudine bikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Uru ruvange rw'imiti rukoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara ya HIV-1 mu bantu bakuru n'abana bapima nibura ibiro 30 (hafi ya 66 pounds). Igamije kugabanya umubare wa virusi ya SIDA mu maraso yawe kugera ku rwego rwo hasi cyane, ibyo bikaba bifasha kurengera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira uru ruvange igihe uheruka kumenyekana ko wanduye SIDA cyangwa niba ukeneye guhindura uburyo bwo kuvurwa SIDA. Intego ni ukugera ku byo abaganga bita

Mu bindi bihe, uyu muti ushobora no gukoreshwa mu gukumira kwandura SIDA kuva ku mubyeyi ujya ku mwana mu gihe cyo gutwita no kubyara. Ariko, iyi ntego yihariye isaba gukurikiranwa neza no kwitabwaho na muganga wihariye muri ubu buryo.

Lamivudine na Zidovudine bikora gute?

Uyu muti ukora uhagarika ubushobozi bwa SIDA bwo kwigana imbere mu ntsinga zawe. Imiti yombi ifatwa nk'imiti ikomeye yo kurwanya virusi ya SIDA yagaragaye ko ifite akamaro mu myaka myinshi yo kuyikoresha.

Iyo SIDA yinjiye mu ntsinga zawe, ikoresha enzyme yitwa reverse transcriptase kugira ngo yigane ibikoresho byayo bya genetike. Lamivudine na zidovudine mu by'ukuri zirashuka iyi enzyme zisa nk'ibikoresho byubaka ikeneye, ariko mu by'ukuri ni ibice bidafite akamaro bituma uburyo bwo kwigana buhagarara.

Imbaraga z'uru ruhurirane ziri mu gukoresha uburyo bubiri butandukanye bwo guhagarika uburyo bumwe. Ubu buryo bubiri butuma virusi igira urugamba rwo kwigira ubwirinzi, nubwo bishobora kubaho nyuma y'igihe kitari gito iyo umuti utafashwe neza.

Nagomba gufata Lamivudine na Zidovudine nte?

Uyu muti ushobora kuwufata urya cyangwa utarya, nubwo kuwufata ufite ifunguro rito rishobora gufasha kugabanya isesemi niba ubyumva. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukuwufata mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urwego ruzigama mu maraso yawe.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Ntukavunagure, uteme, cyangwa ngo umenye, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti winjira mu mubiri wawe.

Niba ufata uyu muti kabiri ku munsi, gerageza gutandukanya imiti yawe mu masaha nka 12. Gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w'ibinini birashobora kugufasha kuguma ku murongo w'igihe cyo gufata imiti yawe.

Gukomeza ni ngombwa kugira ngo uvure SIDA neza. Kureka imiti cyangwa kuyifata mu buryo butajegajega bishobora gutuma virusi igira ubwirinzi, bigatuma kuvurwa mu gihe kizaza bigorana.

Nagomba gufata Lamivudine na Zidovudine igihe kingana iki?

Ubuvuzi bwa SIDA akenshi ni umwanya w'ubuzima bwose, kandi birashoboka ko uzakenera gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi mu buzima bwawe bwose. Ibi bishobora kumera nk'ibigoye mu ntangiriro, ariko abantu benshi babaho ubuzima bwuzuye, bwiza bafite ubuvuzi bwa SIDA buhoraho.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza iterambere ryawe binyuze mu igeragezwa ry'amaraso risanzwe rigereranya umubare wa virusi na CD4. Ibi bizafasha kumenya niba imiti ikora neza kandi niba hari impinduka zikenewe.

Rimwe na rimwe muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhindura imiti ya SIDA uko igihe kigenda, ibi bishobora kuba niba ufite ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti, niba virusi yigaragaza ko idakora, cyangwa niba hari ubundi buryo bushya, bworoshye bubonetse.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukutareka gufata imiti yawe ya SIDA utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe. Guhagarika ubuvuzi birashobora gutuma umubare wa virusi wiyongera vuba kandi bikangiza ubudahangarwa bwawe.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Lamivudine na Zidovudine?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, lamivudine na zidovudine bishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uzibona. Ingaruka nyinshi zishobora gucungwa kandi akenshi zikagenda zikora neza uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza imiti mu byumweru bike bya mbere.

Dore ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo uko umubiri wawe umenyera iyi miti:

• Umutwe no kunanirwa
• Isesemi no kutumva neza mu gifu
• Impiswi cyangwa imyanda yoroshye
• Urugero cyangwa kutabona ibitotsi
• Urubavu rw'imitsi no kunanuka
• Ibimenyetso bisa n'ibikonje nk'amazuru aviramo cyangwa inkorora

Ibi bimenyetso akenshi birashira mu byumweru bike uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza. Niba bikomeje cyangwa bikaba bibangamiye, muganga wawe ashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo kubicunga neza.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga. Nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho, ni ngombwa kubimenya:

• Uburibwe bukomeye mu nda buherekejwe n'isuka n'umuriro
• Umunaniro udasanzwe cyangwa intege nke zitagenda
• Uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo (jaundice)
• Kugorana guhumeka cyangwa inkorora ihoraho
• Uruhu rurwaye cyane cyangwa ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwo mu mubiri
• Ibimenyetso bya lactic acidosis, nk'umwuka mwinshi n'uburibwe mu misitsi

Vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso bikomeye. Gutanga ubufasha hakiri kare birinda ingorane kandi bigatuma umutekano wawe wizerwa.

Hariho kandi ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zitagaragara ariko zishobora kuba zikomeye mu gihe kirekire umuganga wawe azakurikiranira hafi mu gihe cyo kugenzura buri gihe no gupima amaraso. Izi zikubiyemo impinduka mu mikwirakwizire y'ibinure byo mu mubiri, ibibazo byo mu magufa, n'impinduka mu mikorere y'umwijima.

Ninde utagomba gufata Lamivudine na Zidovudine?

Uyu muti ntukwiriye buri wese, kandi umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kuwugusaba. Ibyiciro by'ubuzima runaka cyangwa ibihe bishobora gutuma uyu muti utekanye cyangwa utagira akamaro kuri wowe.

Ntugomba gufata uyu muti niba ufite allergie kuri lamivudine, zidovudine, cyangwa ibindi bice bitagira akamaro biri muri ibi binini. Ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwo mu mubiri birimo uruhu rurwaye cyane, kubyimba, cyangwa kugorana guhumeka.

Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko bashobora gukenera undi muti cyangwa guhindura urugero rw'imiti, kuko imiti yombi itunganyirizwa mu mpyiko. Umuganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa kandi azabikurikirana buri gihe.

Niba ufite amateka y'indwara y'umwijima, harimo hepatite B cyangwa C, uzakenera gukurikiranwa by'umwihariko. Lamivudine ishobora kugira ingaruka kuri hepatite B, kandi guhagarika umuti ako kanya bishobora gutuma hepatite B yongera gukomera.

Abagore batwite akenshi bashobora gufata uyu muti mu buryo butekanye, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa no kwitabwaho by'umwihariko. Umuganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibishobora kuba byatera wowe n'umwana wawe.

Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe zifata amaraso, cyane cyane izifata imikorere y'amagufa, bashobora gukenera imiti itandukanye. Zidovudine rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso, cyane cyane iyo ikoreshejwe igihe kirekire.

Amazina y'ibicuruzwa bya Lamivudine na Zidovudine

Izina risanzwe rikoreshwa cyane kuri uru ruhererekane ni Combivir, rukorwa na ViiV Healthcare. Iri zina rimaze kuboneka kuva mu 1997 kandi rikoreshwa cyane ku isi hose.

Ushobora kandi kubona ubwoko bwa generic bwa uru ruhererekane ku giciro gito. Imiti ya generic ikubiyemo ibintu bikora kimwe n'imiti y'amazina y'ibicuruzwa kandi ifite akamaro kandi itekanye kimwe.

Farumasi yawe ishobora gusimbuza ubwoko bwa generic mu buryo bwikora, cyangwa ushobora kubaza muganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti ibijyanye n'uburyo bwa generic niba ikiguzi kibangamiye. Gahunda nyinshi z'ubwishingizi zikunda imiti ya generic kandi zishobora gutanga ubufasha buri hejuru kuri yo.

Uburyo bwa Lamivudine na Zidovudine

Urukurikirane rwa indi miti ya HIV irahari niba lamivudine na zidovudine bitagukwiriye. Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza ku zindi nzira zishingiye ku byo ukeneye, ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti, cyangwa uburyo bwo kurwanya indwara.

Uburyo bushya bwa tablet imwe buhuza imiti itatu cyangwa irenga ya HIV mu gipimo kimwe cyo gufata buri munsi. Ibi birimo uruhererekane nk'urwa efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir cyangwa dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine, abantu benshi babona ko byoroshye.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba izindi miterere y'imiti ibiri ihujwe n'indi miti yongereweho. Guhitamo biterwa n'ibintu nk'umubare wa virusi mu maraso yawe, imikorere y'impyiko, izindi ndwara z'ubuzima, n'ibyo ukunda.

Abantu bamwe bahindukirira imiti mishya ifite ingaruka nke cyangwa byoroshye gufata. Ariko, guhindura imiti bigomba gukorwa buri gihe hakurikijwe ubugenzuzi bwa muganga kugira ngo hamenyekane ko bikora neza.

Ese Lamivudine na Zidovudine biruta Tenofovir na Emtricitabine?

Ubu buryo bwombi bufasha mu kuvura virusi itera SIDA, ariko bukora mu buryo butandukanye kandi bufite ibyiza byihariye. Guhitamo hagati yabyo akenshi biterwa n'ubuzima bwawe bwite n'intego z'ubuvuzi.

Lamivudine na zidovudine byakoreshejwe neza mu myaka myinshi kandi bifite umutekano wemejwe. Akenshi bihitwamo ku bantu bafite ibibazo by'impyiko, kuko akenshi byoroshye ku mpyiko kurusha imiti ishingiye kuri tenofovir.

Tenofovir na emtricitabine, ku rundi ruhande, akenshi bikunda gukoreshwa mu kuvura bwa mbere kuko bifite inzitizi nini zo kurwanya. Ibi bivuze ko bigoye ko virusi yatera ubudahangarwa kuri ubu buryo.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'imikorere y'impyiko zawe, ubuzima bw'amagufa, imiti yindi urimo gufata, n'ibyo ukunda mu guhitamo hagati y'ibi byemezo. Ubu buryo bwombi bushobora kugira akamaro kanini iyo bufashwe buri gihe.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Lamivudine na Zidovudine

Ese Lamivudine na Zidovudine birakwiriye ku bantu barwaye Hepatite B?

Lamivudine ikoreshwa mu kuvura hepatite B, bityo ubu buryo bushobora kugira akamaro niba ufite virusi itera SIDA na hepatite B. Ariko, gukurikiranwa byihariye ni ngombwa kuko guhagarika lamivudine mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutuma hepatite B yiyongera cyane.

Muganga wawe azakurikirana imikorere y'umwijima wawe neza kandi ashobora gukenera gukomeza lamivudine niyo wahindura imiti ya virusi itera SIDA. Ntukigere uhagarika gufata uyu muti utabiherewe uburenganzira n'abaganga niba urwaye hepatite B.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfashwe n'impanuka nkafata lamivudine na zidovudine nyinshi?

Niba ufashwe n'impanuka ukafata doze yiyongereye, ntugahagarike. Vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti kugirango bagufashe, ariko ntukongere gufata doze kugirango "usubize" ikosa.

Niba wafashe umuti mwinshi cyane urenze uwo wahawe, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa uhamagare ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara. Nubwo kwica umuti bikunda kubaho, ni byiza kubona inama z'inzobere vuba.

Gukurikirana imiti yawe ukoresheje umuteguro w'imiti cyangwa porogaramu y'imiti kugira ngo bifashe kwirinda gufata imiti kabiri mu gihe kizaza.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe urugero rwa Lamivudine na Zidovudine?

Niba waciwe urugero kandi hashize amasaha atarenga 12 kuva igihe cyagenwe, fata urugero wibagiwe ako kanya wibukiye. Hanyuma ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo gufata imiti.

Niba hashize amasaha arenga 12 cyangwa igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira kigeze, reka urugero wibagiwe maze ufate urugero rukurikira rwagenwe. Ntukafate urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero wibagiwe.

Kutagera ku rugero rimwe na rimwe ntibiba byiza, ariko ntukabyitwararike cyane. Jya wibanda ku gusubira mu nzira hamwe na gahunda yawe isanzwe kandi ushobora gushyiraho ibyibutso kugira ngo bifashe kwirinda urugero ruzaza ruzacika.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Lamivudine na Zidovudine?

Ubuvuzi bwa SIDA busanzwe burambye, bityo ntugomba na rimwe guhagarika gufata imiti yawe utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe. Guhagarika ubuvuzi bishobora gutuma umubare wawe w'agakoko wiyongera vuba kandi bikaba byangiza urwego rwawe rw'ubudahangarwa.

Umuganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhindura imiti ya SIDA uko igihe kigenda gihita, ariko ibi bikwiye gukorwa nk'igice cy'imigendekere yateguwe kugira ngo habeho uburinzi buhoraho ku gikoko.

N'iyo wumva umeze neza rwose kandi umubare wawe w'agakoko utagaragara, gukomeza ubuvuzi ni ngombwa kugira ngo ugumane ubuzima bwawe kandi wirinde ko virusi yongera gukora.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba mfata Lamivudine na Zidovudine?

Kunywa inzoga mu rugero ruciriritse muri rusange birakwiriye ku bantu benshi bafata uyu muti, ariko ni byiza kuganira n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye no kunywa inzoga. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima wawe n'ubudahangarwa, bishobora kubangamira imiti yawe ya SIDA.

Niba ufite indwara ya hepatite B cyangwa C hamwe na SIDA, ushobora gukenera kwitonda cyane ku bijyanye no kunywa inzoga. Umuganga wawe ashobora gutanga inama zishingiye ku buzima bwawe bwose.

Wibuke ko inzoga zishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bwenge bwawe kandi bigatuma byoroha kwibagirwa imiti cyangwa kwishora mu ngeso ziteje akaga, bityo kwirinda ni byiza buri gihe mugihe ufata imiti y'indwara idakira.