Icyo Lamivudine ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Lamivudine ni umuti urwanya virusi ufasha kugenzura indwara ya hepatite B idakira n'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (VIH). Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, ikora igabanya umuvuduko wa virusi muri iyi ndwara mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka irenga makumyabiri ufasha abantu guhangana n'ibi bibazo bikomeye. Nubwo utavura izi ndwara, ushobora kuzamura cyane imibereho yawe kandi ugatuma wirinda ingorane ziterwa n'izo ndwara iyo ukoreshwa nk'igice cy'uburyo bwuzuye bwo kuvura.

Lamivudine ni iki?

Lamivudine ni umuti wa gihanga urwanya virusi wigana imwe mu nkingi umubiri wawe ukoresha mu gukora DNA. Iyo virusi nka hepatite B cyangwa VIH zigerageza kwikorera, zikoresha lamivudine mu buryo butunguranye aho gukoresha inkingi nyazo, ibyo bikazibuza gukora kopi zazo neza.

Bitekereze nk'aho uha virusi igice cy'urubanza kitari cyo - ntishobora kurangiza neza uburyo bwo kwikorera. Ibi bifasha kugabanya umubare wa virusi mu maraso yawe kandi bigaha umubiri wawe urugero rwo kurwanya indwara neza.

Uyu muti uboneka mu buryo bw'ibinini n'amazi, bituma biboneka ku bantu bakuru n'abana bakeneye kuvurwa. Wagaragayeho ko ufite umutekano mwinshi kandi ufite amategeko yashyizweho neza iyo ukoreshejwe neza.

Lamivudine ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Lamivudine ivura indwara ebyiri zikomeye: indwara ya hepatite B idakira n'ubwandu bwa VIH. Muri hepatite B, akenshi ikoreshwa nk'umuti wa mbere wo kugabanya umubyimbire w'umwijima no kwirinda kwangirika kw'umwijima mu gihe kirekire.

Muri gahunda yo kuvura VIH, lamivudine ihora ihuzwa n'indi miti ya VIH - ntabwo ikoreshwa yonyine. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza imiti, bwitwa highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), bwahinduye VIH kuva ku ndwara yica ikaba indwara idakira igenda igaragara ku bantu benshi.

Muganga wawe ashobora no kukwandikira lamivudine niba ufite indwara ya hepatite B na virusi itera SIDA icyarimwe. Iyi ndwara ebyiri zisaba gukurikiranwa neza, ariko lamivudine irashobora gufasha gucunga izi ndwara zombi neza iyo ikoreshejwe nk'igice cy'umugambi wuzuye wo kuvura.

Lamivudine ikora ite?

Lamivudine ikora ibuza virusi kwikorera mu ngingo zawe. Iyo hepatite B cyangwa virusi itera SIDA igerageza gukora kopi z'ibikoresho byayo bya genetike, lamivudine yinjizwa muri DNA nshya ya virusi, bigatuma uburyo bwo gukora kopi buhagarara mbere y'igihe.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ufite imbaraga ziringaniye ugereranije n'imiti mishya irwanya virusi. Nubwo ifite akamaro, abantu bamwe bashobora kwigiriza ubudahangarwa kuri lamivudine nyuma y'igihe, cyane cyane niba bayimazeho imyaka myinshi.

Uyu muti ntukuraho virusi burundu mu mubiri wawe, ariko ugabanya cyane umubare wa virusi - umubare wa virusi ishobora kugaragara mu maraso yawe. Umubare muto wa virusi bisobanura ko umwijima wawe cyangwa urugingo rw'umubiri rukora ubudahangarwa rutangirika cyane kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kwanduza abandi.

Nkwiriye gufata lamivudine nte?

Fata lamivudine uko muganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe ku munsi hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa utabifatanije. Uyu muti winjizwa neza hatitawe igihe urya, bityo urashobora kuwufata igihe icyo aricyo cyose gikwiriye kuri gahunda yawe.

Kugendana ni ingenzi - gerageza gufata doze yawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego ruzigama mu maraso yawe. Niba ufata ifishi y'amazi, koresha igikoresho cyo gupima kizana n'icupa kugirango wemeze ko ufata doze neza.

Urashobora gufata lamivudine n'amazi, umutobe, cyangwa amata - icyo ukunda cyane. Abantu bamwe basanga byoroshye kwibuka niba babihuza n'akamenyero ka buri munsi nko kumesa amenyo cyangwa gufata ifunguro rya mugitondo.

Ntukamenagure cyangwa urume ibinini keretse muganga wawe akubwiye byumwihariko. Niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini, baze umufarumasiti wawe kuri formulation y'amazi, ishobora kuba yoroshye kuri wowe gufata.

Nzamara Lamivudine Mugihe Kingana Iki?

Igihe cyo kuvura na lamivudine giterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo umubiri wawe wakiriye imiti. Ku burwayi bwa hepatite B, ushobora gukenera kuyifata imyaka myinshi cyangwa igihe cyose kugirango virusi ikomeze kuremerezwa.

Niba ufata lamivudine kubera virusi itera SIDA (VIH), mubisanzwe ni umuti ufata ubuzima bwawe bwose nk'igice cyo kuvura VIH bikomeje. Guhagarika imiti ya VIH bishobora gutuma virusi yongera kwiyongera vuba kandi bikaba bishobora gutuma umubiri urwanya imiti.

Muganga wawe azakurikirana uko urwayi rwawe rugenda binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bisanzwe kandi ashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvura bitewe n'umubare wa virusi, imikorere y'umwijima, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Ntukigere uhagarika gufata lamivudine ako kanya utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe.

Abantu bamwe barwaye hepatite B bashobora guhagarika kuvurwa nyuma y'imyaka myinshi niba umubare wa virusi wabo utagaragara kandi ukaguma uko. Ariko, iki cyemezo gisaba gukurikiranwa na muganga kandi bikajya bikorwa kenshi.

Ni Iyihe Mico Mibi ya Lamivudine?

Abantu benshi bakira neza lamivudine, ariko nk'imiti yose, ishobora gutera imico mibi. Inkuru nziza ni uko imico mibi ikomeye idakunze kubaho iyo umuti ukoreshwa neza.

Reka dutangire n'imico mibi isanzwe ushobora guhura nayo, akenshi iba yoroheje kandi igashoboka:

• Umutwe n'umunaniro
• Isesemi n'ububabare bwo mu nda
• Impiswi cyangwa imyanda yoroshye
• Urugero
• Kugorwa no gusinzira
• Umuvundo mu mazuru
• Uburibwe mu myanya y'imitsi

Ibi bimenyetso akenshi biragabanuka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere. Niba bikomeje cyangwa bikaba bibangamiye, muganga wawe ashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo kubicunga.

Noneho, reka tuvuge ku mico mibi idakunze kubaho ariko ikomeye isaba ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga:

• Urubavu rukabije rwo mu nda ruri kumwe n'isuka n'umuriro
• Kunanirwa cyane cyangwa intege nke
• Uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo
• Inkari z'umukara cyangwa imyanda y'umweru
• Umutima utera vuba cyangwa utajegajega
• Kugorwa no guhumeka
• Uruhu rurwaye cyane cyangwa ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwo mu mubiri

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kwerekana ingorane zikomeye nka lactic acidosis cyangwa ibibazo by'umwijima, bikaba bisaba kugenzurwa n'abaganga vuba. Nubwo bidasanzwe, ibi bibazo bishobora kuba bikomeye niba bitavuzwe vuba.

Hariho kandi ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe ariko z'ingenzi zigomba kumenyekana, cyane cyane niba ufata lamivudine igihe kirekire:

• Pancreatitis (uburwayi bwo mu gifu)
• Peripheral neuropathy (kwangirika kw'imitsi bitera urugimbu cyangwa kuribwa)
• Impinduka mu mikwirakwizwa ry'ibinure byo mu mubiri
• Ibibazo by'amagufa cyangwa kugabanuka kw'amagufa
• Impinduka mu mikorere y'impyiko

Kugenzura buri gihe binyuze mu igeragezwa ry'amaraso no kugenzura bifasha muganga wawe kumenya ibibazo byose bishoboka hakiri kare. Abantu benshi bafata lamivudine ntibagira ingaruka zikomeye, ariko kuguma maso ku mpinduka uko wumva ni ingenzi.

Ninde utagomba gufata Lamivudine?

Lamivudine ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi hariho ibintu byinshi aho muganga wawe ashobora gusaba izindi miti. Abantu bafite allergie zizwi kuri lamivudine cyangwa ibintu byayo byose bagomba kwirinda iyi miti rwose.

Niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'impyiko, muganga wawe azakenera guhindura urugero rwawe cyane cyangwa agasuzuma izindi nzira zo kuvura. Lamivudine ikorwa binyuze mu mpyiko zawe, bityo kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'impyiko bishobora gutera imiti mu mubiri wawe.

Dore ibintu bisaba kwitonda cyane cyangwa bishobora gutuma lamivudine itakwiriye kuri wewe:

• Indwara ikomeye y’umwijima cyangwa kunanirwa kw’umwijima
• Amateka ya pankreatite
• Ubumuga bukomeye bw’impyiko
• Ukoze allergie ku miti isa
• Uduce tumwe na tumwe twa genetike tugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’imiti

Kugira inda no konsa bisaba kwitondera cyane, nubwo lamivudine ishobora gukoreshwa neza mu bihe byinshi hamwe n’ubugenzuzi bw’abaganga. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n’ibishobora guteza akaga kuri wowe no ku mwana wawe.

Abana barashobora gufata lamivudine, ariko urugero rugomba kubarwa neza hashingiwe ku gipimo cyabo n’imyaka yabo. Gukurikiranira hafi ni ngombwa cyane cyane ku barwayi bakiri bato kugirango barebe ko bakura neza.

Amazina ya Lamivudine

Lamivudine iboneka mu mazina menshi y’ubwoko, bitewe n’icyo igenewe gukoreshwa n’uburyo ikozwemo. Mugukoresha mu kuvura hepatite B, urashobora kubona igurishwa nka Epivir-HBV, ikubiyemo urugero ruto rwakozwe cyane cyane kugirango rukoreshwe mu kuvura hepatite B.

Mugukoresha mu kuvura SIDA, izina ry’ubwoko rya Epivir rikubiyemo urugero rwo hejuru kandi akenshi rivangwa n’indi miti ya SIDA. Urashobora kandi kubona lamivudine nk’igice cy’ibinini bivanzemo nka Combivir (lamivudine hamwe na zidovudine) cyangwa Trizivir (uruvange rw’imiti itatu).

Ubwoko bwa lamivudine bwa generic buraboneka cyane kandi bukora neza nk’ubwoko bw’amazina y’ubwoko. Umufarumasiti wawe ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo urimo kwakira kandi akemeza ko urimo kubona imbaraga zikwiye kubera uburwayi bwawe.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Lamivudine

Imiti myinshi isimbura irashobora kuvura hepatite B na SIDA niba lamivudine itagukwiriye cyangwa niba wateje ubwivumbagatanye kuri yo. Muri hepatite B, imiti mishya nka tenofovir na entecavir akenshi ikundwa nk’imiti ikoreshwa bwa mbere kuko ifite ibyago bike byo kwivumbagatanya.

Izindi nzira zishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura hepatite B harimo adefovir, telbivudine, na pegylated interferon, buri kimwe gifite inyungu zacyo n'ibyo ukwiriye kuzirikana. Muganga wawe azahitamo bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bwifashe, harimo umubare wa virusi ufite, imikorere y'umwijima wawe, n'izindi ndwara zose ufite.

Mu kuvura SIDA, hariho izindi nzira nyinshi zigezweho zirimo ibyiciro bishya by'imiti nka integrase inhibitors na verisiyo nshya za reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Iyi miti mishya akenshi ntigira ingaruka nyinshi kandi ntisaba gukoreshwa kenshi.

Umwanzuro wo guhindura imiti ugomba gufatwa buri gihe hamwe n'umuganga wawe, ushobora kureba niba ubuvuzi bushya buzaba bukora neza kandi butagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe.

Ese Lamivudine iruta Tenofovir?

Lamivudine na tenofovir ni imiti ikora neza mu kurwanya virusi, ariko ifite imbaraga zitandukanye n'ibyo ukwiriye kuzirikana. Tenofovir akenshi ifatwa nk'imiti ikomeye kurusha indi mu kurwanya hepatite B kandi ifite ibyago bike byo kwibasirwa n'uburwayi nyuma y'igihe gito.

Lamivudine imaze igihe kinini ikoreshwa kandi ifite amateka meza y'ubuzima, bituma iba nziza ku bantu batabasha kwihanganira imiti mishya. Nanone akenshi ihendutse kurusha tenofovir, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuba by'ingenzi mu kuvurwa igihe kirekire.

Ariko, imbaraga za tenofovir zo kurwanya indwara zituma ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura abantu benshi bafite hepatite B. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abantu bake cyane bagira ubwivumbagatanye kuri tenofovir nubwo bamaze imyaka myinshi bavurwa.

Gu hitamo hagati y'iyi miti biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bwifashe, harimo imikorere y'impyiko zawe, ubuzima bw'amagufa, ibiciro, n'amateka y'ubuvuzi. Muganga wawe azagufasha gupima ibi bintu kugirango umenye umuti ukwiriye kuri wowe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri Lamivudine

Ese Lamivudine irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko?

Lamivudine irashobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko, ariko urugero rugomba guhindurwa neza bitewe n'uko impyiko zawe zikora neza. Muganga wawe azabara urugero rukwiye kuri wewe akoresheje ibizamini by'imikorere y'impyiko zawe.

Abantu bafite ubumuga buke bw'impyiko akenshi bashobora gufata lamivudine hamwe no guhindura urugero ruto, mugihe abafite indwara y'impyiko ikomeye bashobora gukenera urugero rugabanutse cyane cyangwa imiti isimbura. Kugenzura buri gihe imikorere y'impyiko ni ngombwa kuri buri wese ufata lamivudine igihe kirekire.

Niba uri kuri dialysis, muganga wawe azakorana n'ikipe yawe ya dialysis kugirango yemeze ko ubona umuti ku gihe gikwiye n'urugero rukwiye. Igihe cyo gufata urugero rwawe rwa lamivudine bijyanye n'amasaha yawe ya dialysis ni ngombwa kugirango ugumane urwego ruzamura mu mubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nifatiye lamivudine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba wafashe lamivudine nyinshi kuruta uko byategetswe, ntugahagarike, ariko vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya. Gufata lamivudine nyinshi birashobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti, cyane cyane isesemi, kuruka, n'ububabare mu nda.

Nta muti wihariye wo kuvura lamivudine nyinshi, ariko umuganga wawe ashobora kugukurikiranira ibimenyetso kandi akaguha ubufasha niba bibaye ngombwa. Abantu benshi bafata urugero rwinshi bitunguranye ntibagira ingorane zikomeye.

Andika neza urugero wafashe n'igihe, kuko aya makuru azagufasha muganga wawe kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo gukora. Ntugashake "gukosora" urugero rwinshi ukoresheje kwirengagiza urugero rwawe rutaha keretse niba byategetswe na muganga wawe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa lamivudine?

Niba wirengagije urugero rwa lamivudine, ifate ako kanya wibuka, keretse niba hafi y'igihe cyo gufata urugero rwawe rutaha. Muricyo gihe, irengagize urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntugasubire gufata doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure doze wasibye, kuko ibyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zidakunzwe. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa gufata imiti, tekereza gushyiraho alarme ya buri munsi cyangwa gukoresha igikoresho gifasha kwibuka imiti kugira ngo bikugiremo uruhare rwo kwibuka.

Kusiba doze rimwe na rimwe akenshi ntibigira akaga, ariko gusiba doze buri gihe bishobora gutuma ubuvuzi butagira icyo bugeraho no guteza imbere ubwirinzi bw'imiti. Niba ugira ingorane zo kwibuka gufata umuti wawe, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bushobora kugufasha.

Ni ryari nshobora guhagarika gufata Lamivudine?

Umwanzuro wo guhagarika lamivudine biterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo umubiri wawe witwara ku buvuzi. Ku bwandu bwa SIDA, lamivudine akenshi ni umuti wo gufata ubuzima bwose, kandi kuwuhagarika bishobora gutuma virusi yongera kwiyongera vuba kandi bikaba byateza ibibazo by'ubuzima.

Ku bwandu bwa hepatite B, abantu bamwe bashobora guhagarika ubuvuzi nyuma y'imyaka myinshi niba umubare wa virusi wabo utagaragara kandi imikorere y'umwijima wabo isanzwe. Ariko, ibi bisaba kugenzurwa na muganga witonze no gukurikiranwa buri gihe.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata lamivudine ku giti cyawe, n'iyo wumva umeze neza. Ubwandu bwa virusi bushobora kwiyongera vuba iyo ubuvuzi buhagaritswe, bikaba bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya igihe cyiza cyo gutekereza guhagarika ubuvuzi, niba bikwiye.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanwa lamivudine?

Nubwo nta sano riri hagati ya lamivudine n'inzoga, kunywa inzoga ntibisabwa niba ufite hepatite B cyangwa SIDA. Inzoga ishobora gutuma umwijima wangirika cyane ku bantu bafite hepatite B kandi ishobora kunaniza urwego rw'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe niba ufite SIDA.

Niba uhisemo kunywa rimwe na rimwe, bikore mu rugero kandi ubivugane na muganga wawe. Bashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo inzoga zashobora kugira ingaruka ku burwayi bwawe bwihariye no ku buryo ubuvuzi buteganyijwe.

Abantu bamwe basanga inzoga zongera ingaruka mbi nk'isuka cyangwa umunaniro igihe bafata lamivudine. Witondere uko wumva kandi uzirikane kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho inzoga niba ubonye bituma wumva urushijeho.