Icyo Lanadelumab ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwayo, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Lanadelumab ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga wateguwe by'umwihariko kugira ngo wirinde ibitero bya angioedema irerwa (HAE), indwara idasanzwe ya genetike itera kubyimba mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri wawe. Uyu muti uterwa mu nshinge ukora ubugufi buhagarika poroteyine yitwa kallikrein, itera ibihe byo kubyimba bishobora kuba bibabaza kandi bishobora guteza akaga.

Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda yaranzwe na HAE, birashoboka ko wumva uremererwa n'uburyo bugoye bwo gucunga iyi ndwara. Inkuru nziza ni uko lanadelumab ihagarariye intambwe ikomeye mu kuvura HAE, ihereza abantu benshi amahirwe yo kubaho bafite ibitero bike kandi bafite umutuzo mwinshi.

Lanadelumab ni iki?

Lanadelumab ni umuti wa monoclonal antibody uherereye mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa kallikrein inhibitors. Tekereza nk'ubuvuzi bwihariye bukora nk'umurinzi wihariye mu mubiri wawe, ureba by'umwihariko kandi ugahagarika poroteyine itera ibitero bya HAE.

Uyu muti uza mu mazi asobanutse uterwa munsi y'uruhu rwawe (subcutaneously) ukoresheje urushinge ruzuzuye. Uyu muti uzwi kandi ku izina ry'ubucuruzi rya Takhzyro, kandi ukorwa hakoreshejwe tekinoroji ya biyolojiya yateye imbere kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura HAE.

Igituma lanadelumab idasanzwe ni ukugena neza kwayo. Aho guhagarika byagutse sisitemu yawe y'ubudahangarwa nk'imiti imwe, yibanda gusa ku nzira yihariye itera ibitero bya HAE, igasiga igice cyose cy'imirimo yawe y'ubudahangarwa kidahindutse.

Lanadelumab ikoreshwa mu iki?

Lanadelumab yemerejwe na FDA by'umwihariko mu gukumira ibitero bya angioedema irerwa mu bantu bakuru n'urubyiruko rw'imyaka 12 n'abarenzeho. HAE ni indwara ya genetike aho umubiri wawe utagenzura neza poroteyine yitwa C1 esterase inhibitor, bigatuma habaho ibihe byo kubyimba bikabije.

Mugihe cyo kwibasirwa na HAE, ushobora guhura no kubyimba mu buryo butunguranye mu maso yawe, iminwa, ururimi, umuhogo, intoki, ibirenge, cyangwa imyanya ndangagitsina. Ibi byago bishobora kuba bitunguranye kandi bigatandukana mu bukana. Ibitego bimwe bishobora gutera kutumva neza, mugihe ibindi bishobora guteza akaga iyo bigize urugendo rwawe.

Umuti ukorerwa gukumira igihe kirekire, ntabwo uvura igitero kimaze kuba. Niba urimo guhura n'igitero cya HAE gikaze, uzakenera imiti itandukanye yihutirwa ikora vuba kugirango ihagarike kubyimba.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba lanadelumab niba urimo guhura n'ibitero bya HAE bikunze kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe, akazi, cyangwa ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Intego ni ukugabanya ubukana n'ubwinshi bw'ibi byago.

Lanadelumab ikora ite?

Lanadelumab ikora ibuza plasma kallikrein, poroteyine igira uruhare runini mu murongo w'ibintu biganisha ku bitero bya HAE. Iyo iyi poroteyine ikora, itera umusaruro wa bradykinin, ikintu gitera imitsi y'amaraso kuba yameneka kandi bigatuma habaho kubyimba kwa HAE.

Mugukingira kallikrein, lanadelumab mu buryo bw'ingenzi ihagarika iyi mikorere mbere yuko itera ibimenyetso. Umuti uhuza na kallikrein kandi ukabuza gukora akazi kayo, ibyo bikagabanya cyane amahirwe yo kugira igitero.

Ibi bifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye kandi ugamije cyane. Bitandukanye n'imiti imwe ikora ku buryo bwagutse ku mikorere y'umubiri wawe w'ubudahangarwa, lanadelumab igamije kuba yihariye cyane mu bikorwa byayo, ibyo muri rusange bivuze ingaruka nke kandi ntigire ingaruka ku zindi sisitemu z'umubiri.

Ingaruka za lanadelumab ziriyongera uko igihe kigenda, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kuyifata buri gihe nkuko byategetswe. Abantu benshi batangira kubona kugabanuka kw'ubwinshi bw'ibitero mu mezi make ya mbere yo kuvurwa.

Nkwiriye gufata lanadelumab nte?

Lanadelumab itangwa nk'urushinge rwo munsi y'uruhu, bivuze ko urushyira mu gice cy'ibinure munsi y'uruhu rwawe. Urutonde rusanzwe ni 300 mg buri byumweru bibiri, nubwo muganga wawe ashobora kubihindura bitewe n'uko witwara neza ku buvuzi.

Ushobora kwitera lanadelumab mu itako ryawe, ukuboko kwo hejuru, cyangwa mu nda. Ni ngombwa guhinduranya aho utera urushinge kugirango wirinde kurakara kw'uruhu cyangwa gukura kw'ibibumbe bikomeye munsi y'uruhu. Umuganga wawe azakwigisha cyangwa umwe mu muryango wawe uburyo bwo kwitera inshinge izi mu rugo mu buryo bwizewe.

Mbere yo kwitera urushinge, vana umuti muri firigo maze uwuhe umwanya wo gushyuha ku rugero rwo mu cyumba mu minota 15-20. Imiti ikonje irashobora kuba itari nziza kwitera. Buri gihe genzura ko amazi asobanutse kandi adafite ibara mbere yo kuyakoresha.

Ushobora gufata lanadelumab hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa utabifite, kuko iterwa aho kumira. Ariko, bifasha gushyiraho gahunda, nko kuyitera ku munsi umwe mu cyumweru, kugirango bigufashe kwibuka imiti yawe.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafataga Lanadelumab?

Lanadelumab akenshi igenewe gukoreshwa igihe kirekire, kuko HAE ni indwara ya gakondo idakira isaba gukomeza kuyitaho. Abantu benshi bakomeza gufata uyu muti igihe cyose kugirango bakomeze kwirinda ibitero.

Muganga wawe azagenzura uko witwara ku buvuzi mu mezi make ya mbere kandi ashobora guhindura gahunda yo gutanga imiti bitewe n'uko ubigenza neza. Abantu bamwe bafite imikorere myiza y'ibimenyetso byabo bashobora gushobora gutera inshinge zabo buri byumweru bine aho buri byumweru bibiri.

Ni ngombwa kutareka gufata lanadelumab ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Kubera ko umuti ukora mugihe ugumisha urugero rwo hejuru mu mubiri wawe, guhagarara ako kanya byatuma HAE yongera kugaruka.

Umuvuzi wawe w’ubuzima azajya asuzuma gahunda yawe y’imiti buri gihe kandi asuzume niba lanadelumab ikomeje kuba uburyo bwiza kuri wowe. Bazatekereza ibintu nk'uko ibitero bikunda kuba, ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ni Izihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Lanadelumab?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, lanadelumab ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunda kuba zoroshye kandi zikabera aho umuti uterwa.

Dore ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zikunda kuvugwaho cyane zishobora kukubaho:

• Ibyavuye mu guterwa umuti harimo umutuku, kubyimba, gukomeretsa, cyangwa kubabara
• Indwara z'ubuhumekero zo hejuru nk'ibicurane
• Umutwe
• Urugero
• Uruhu cyangwa gushinyagurira uruhu

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe zikunda gukira zonyine kandi ntizisaba guhagarika umuti. Uburyo bukwiye bwo guterwa umuti no guhinduranya ahaterwa umuti bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyavuye mu guterwa umuti.

Hariho kandi ingaruka zimwe zitavugwa cyane ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho, ni ngombwa kubimenya:

• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi harimo no guhumeka bigoranye, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo, cyangwa uruhu rwakwiriye hose
• Ibimenyetso by'indwara ikomeye nko kuribwa, guhinda umushyitsi, cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeza by'ibicurane
• Gusohoka amaraso bidasanzwe cyangwa gukomeretsa
• Umutwe ukomeye cyangwa ukomeza

Abantu benshi basanga ingaruka zose bahura nazo zishobora gucungwa kandi ntizitera ibibazo cyane ugereranije n'ibitero bya HAE bari bafite mbere yo kuvurwa.

Ninde Utagomba Gufata Lanadelumab?

Lanadelumab ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi hariho ibintu bimwe na bimwe aho muganga wawe ashobora gushimangira uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwirinda ni uko wigeze kugira urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi kuri lanadelumab cyangwa ibintu byayo byose mu gihe gishize.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma yitonze niba lanadelumab ikwiriye kuri wowe niba ufite izi ngorane:

• Udukoko dukomeye dukora
• Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima cyangwa impyiko
• Amateka y'uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwibasirwa n'ibindi byose by'imiti ya monoclonal antibody
• Gusama cyangwa gukora gahunda yo gusama
• Konsa

Ibitekerezo byihariye bikenerwa kandi ku bantu bafite indwara z'ubwirinzi, kuko lanadelumab igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwirinzi. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibishobora kuba byatera ingaruka muri ibi bihe.

Imyaka ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi. Lanadelumab yemerewe gusa abantu bafite imyaka 12 n'abarenzeho, kuko nta makuru ahagije y'umutekano n'imikorere ku bana bato.

Izina ry'ubwoko bwa Lanadelumab

Lanadelumab icuruzwa ku izina ry'ubwoko rya Takhzyro. Iri ni ryo zina uzabona ku cyapa cy'urwandiko rw'umuti no ku ipaki iyo ufata umuti wawe muri farumasi.

Takhzyro ikorwa na Takeda Pharmaceuticals kandi yabanje kwemezwa na FDA mu 2018. Uyu muti uza mu nshinge zizuzwa mbere zirimo 150 mg ya lanadelumab muri 1 mL y'igisubizo.

Ubu, nta bwoko bwa lanadelumab buriho, kuko uyu muti ukiri mu buryo bwo kurindwa patent. Ibi bivuze ko Takhzyro ari ryo zina ry'ubwoko bwonyine ushobora kubona.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Lanadelumab

Nubwo lanadelumab ikora neza cyane ku bantu benshi bafite HAE, si wo muti wenyine uhari. Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza ku bindi bisubizo niba lanadelumab itagukundiye cyangwa niba ufite ingaruka zitihanganirwa.

Izindi miti yo gukumira HAE zirimo:

• Berotralstat (Orladeyo) - umuti wo kunywa ufata buri munsi
• C1 esterase inhibitor concentrates itangwa na IV infusion
• Danazol - umuti wo kunywa wakoreshejwe mu myaka myinshi ishize
• Asidi ya Tranexamic - umuti wo kunywa ushobora gufasha abantu bamwe

Buri kimwe muri ibi bisubizo gifite inyungu n'ibibi byacyo. Urugero, berotralstat itanga uburyo bwo gufata imiti ya buri munsi, naho ibicuruzwa bya C1 esterase inhibitor bisimbuza poroteyine idahagije muri HAE.

Muganga wawe azagufasha gusuzuma ibintu nk'ubushobozi, ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, uburyo bworoshye, n'ikiguzi mugihe uhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura bukwiye kubera ikibazo cyawe.

Ese Lanadelumab iruta Berotralstat?

Zombi lanadelumab na berotralstat ni imiti igezweho ikora neza mu gukumira HAE, ariko zikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi zifite inyungu zitandukanye. Guhitamo

Umuti ntusanzwe utera impinduka mu gipimo cy'amaraso cyangwa umuvuduko w'umutima. Kubera ko uterwa mu ruhu aho kunyobwa, ntugirana imikoranire n'imiti myinshi y'umutima nk'uko imiti inyobwa ishobora kubikora.

Niba urwaye indwara y'umutima, menyesha muganga wawe imiti yose ukoresha ku mutima mbere yo gutangira gukoresha lanadelumab. Bashobora gushaka gukora ibizamini by'ibanze no kugukurikiranira hafi mu ntangiriro.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nifashishije lanadelumab nyinshi mu buryo butunganye?

Niba witereye lanadelumab nyinshi mu buryo butunganye, ntugahagarike umutima. Vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa umuganga ukwegereye ako kanya ubamenyeshe icyabaye kandi ubone inama zihariye zerekeye uko wabyitwaramo.

Mu bihe byinshi, gukoresha lanadelumab nyinshi mu buryo butunganye ntibishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye ako kanya, ariko ugomba gushaka inama z'abaganga. Muganga wawe ashobora gushaka kugukurikiranira hafi cyangwa guhindura doze yawe iteganyijwe.

Bika imiti n'ibindi byuma bisigaye kugirango ubwire umuganga ukwegereye neza umuti wose wifashishije. Iri jambo rizabafasha kuguha inama nziza.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije doze ya lanadelumab?

Niba wirengagije doze ya lanadelumab, yifashishe ako kanya wibukira, hanyuma ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kuyifashisha. Ntukoreshe doze ebyiri kugirango usimbuze iyo wirengagije.

Niba igihe cyo gufata doze yawe iteganyijwe kigeze, reka doze wirengagije ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe. Gufata doze zegeranye cyane bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti utagize akamaro.

Kwirengagiza doze imwe rimwe na rimwe ntibisanzwe bitera ibibazo ako kanya, ariko gerageza gukurikiza gahunda yawe isanzwe uko bishoboka kose kugirango wirinde ibitero bya HAE.

Q4. Nshobora kureka gukoresha lanadelumab ryari?

Ugomba guhagarika gufata lanadelumab gusa ubisabwe na muganga wawe. Kubera ko HAE ari indwara ya genetike y'ubuzima bwose, abantu benshi bagomba gukomeza kuvurwa mbere yo kurwara igihe cyose kugira ngo bakomeze kwirinda ibitero.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhagarika cyangwa gutegereza intera ndende niba waragize imikorere myiza y'ibimenyetso byawe igihe kirekire. Ariko, iki cyemezo kigomba gufatwa witonze hamwe no gukurikiranwa hafi.

Niba ushaka guhagarika kuvurwa ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose, banza ubiganireho n'umuganga wawe. Bashobora kugufasha gupima ibyago n'inyungu kandi bashobora gutanga imiti isimbura niba bibaye ngombwa.

Q5. Nshobora kugenda mfite Lanadelumab?

Yego, urashobora kugenda ufite lanadelumab, ariko bisaba gutegura kuko umuti ugomba kubikwa muri firigo. Jya uzana imiti yawe buri gihe mu gikapu cyawe cyo mu ndege, ntuzigere uyishyira mu gikapu cyoherezwa.

Shaka ibaruwa ivuye kwa muganga wawe isobanura ko ukeneye gutwara imiti iterwa mu nshinge kubera uburwayi. Ibi birashobora gufasha mu mutekano wo ku kibuga cy'indege n'imigenzo niba uri mu rugendo mpuzamahanga.

Koresha akabati gato gafite ibikombe by'urubura kugira ngo ukomeze umuti ku bushyuhe bukwiye mugihe cy'urugendo. Umuti urashobora kuba ku bushyuhe busanzwe mu gihe gito, ariko ntugomba gushyirwa ahantu hashyushye cyane cyangwa hakonje cyane.