Lesinurad ni iki: Ibikoresho, Uburyo bwo Gukoresha, Ingaruka Ziterwa n'ibindi

Lesinurad ni umuti wandikirwa abantu bafite indwara ya gout kugira ngo babafashe kugenzura urwego rw'aside ya urike. Ikora ibyo ikingira poroteyine zimwe na zimwe mu mpyiko zawe zisanzwe zongera gufata aside ya urike, bigatuma nyinshi ikurwamo binyuze mu nkari zawe. Ubu buryo bugamije gufasha kwirinda kwibumbira kw'amabuye mu ngingo biranga ibitero bya gout.

Lesinurad ni iki?

Lesinurad ni umuti wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa uric acid transporter inhibitors. Utekereze nk'umuzamu ufasha mu mpyiko zawe ushishikariza umubiri wawe gukuraho aside ya urike yarenze urugero aho kuyigumana. Uyu muti wateguriwe by'umwihariko abantu imibiri yabo ikora aside ya urike nyinshi cyane cyangwa ifite ikibazo cyo kuyikuramo neza.

Uyu muti buri gihe wandikirwa hamwe n'undi muti wa gout witwa xanthine oxidase inhibitor, nka allopurinol cyangwa febuxostat. Lesinurad ntikora yonyine kuko ikeneye umuti wunganira kugira ngo ikore neza cyane. Muganga wawe azahuza neza iyi miti kugira ngo aguhe uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura urwego rw'aside ya urike.

Lesinurad ikoreshwa mu iki?

Lesinurad yandikirwa kuvura gout mu bantu bakuru urwego rw'aside ya urike rukomeza kuba rwo hejuru nubwo bafata indi miti ya gout. Ni byo by'umwihariko ku bantu bataragera ku rwego rw'aside ya urike bifuza nubwo bakoresha imiti isanzwe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba lesinurad niba umaze gufata imiti nka allopurinol ariko urwego rw'aside ya urike rwawe rukiri hejuru y'urugero rwiza.

Imiti ifasha abantu bafite indwara ya gout itavurwa neza

Uyu muti ufasha cyane abantu bafite icyo abaganga bita "gout itavurwa neza" - bivuze gout idasubiza neza ku miti isanzwe. Ikoreshwa kandi iyo umuntu akeneye ubufasha bw'inyongera mu kugabanya urugero rwa aside ya uric kugira ngo birinde ibitero bya gout mu gihe kizaza. Intego ni ukugumisha aside ya uric munsi ya miligarama 6 kuri deciliter, ibyo bikagabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara cyane.

Lesinurad ikora ite?

Lesinurad ikora ibuza poroteyine zihariye mu mpyiko zawe zifite izina rya URAT1 na OAT4 transporters. Izi poroteyine zisanzwe zikora nk'ibigo bisubiza ibintu mu buryo bwabyo, zikurura aside ya uric zikayisubiza mu maraso yawe aho kuyireka ngo isohoke mu nkari zawe. Mu kubuza izi transporters, lesinurad yemerera impyiko zawe gukuramo aside ya uric nyinshi cyane kurusha uko byari bisanzwe.

Uyu muti ufashwe nk'ufite imbaraga ziringaniye mu gukora neza. Ushobora kugabanya urugero rwa aside ya uric nka 20-30% iyo ukoreshejwe hamwe n'indi miti ya gout. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza imiti bufite imbaraga kurusha gukoresha umuti umwe gusa, ni yo mpamvu muganga wawe azajya awugusabira hamwe n'indi miti ivura gout.

Umuti utangira gukora mu masaha make nyuma yo kuwufata, ariko uzakenera kuwufata buri gihe mu byumweru byinshi kugira ngo ubone impinduka zigaragara ku rugero rwa aside ya uric yawe. Muganga wawe azakurikirana uko urimo utera imbere akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe kugira ngo yemeze ko umuti ukora neza kuri wowe.

Nkwiriye gufata Lesinurad nte?

Fata lesinurad nk'uko muganga wawe abitegeka, akenshi rimwe ku munsi mu gitondo hamwe n'ibiryo. Kuwufata hamwe n'ifunguro bifasha umubiri wawe kwinjiza umuti neza kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kurwara mu gifu. Urashobora kuwufata hamwe n'ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'ibiryo, ariko kugira ikintu mu gifu cyawe ni ingenzi kugira ngo winjizwe neza.

Umunwa urugemwe rwose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Ntugasenye, urume, cyangwa umenagure urugemwe, kuko ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti usohoka mu mubiri wawe. Niba ugira ingorane zo kumira imiti, ganira na muganga wawe ku bindi bisubizo, ariko ntukahindure urugemwe wenyine.

Ni ngombwa kuguma ufite amazi ahagije mugihe ufata lesinurad. Nywa byibuze ibirahure 8 by'amazi umunsi wose kugirango ufashishe impyiko zawe gutunganya aside ya uric yiyongereye isohoka. Amazi ahagije kandi afasha kwirinda amabuye yo mu mpyiko, ashobora kuba ikibazo hamwe nuyu muti.

Buri gihe fata lesinurad hamwe n'undi muti wawe wa gout nkuko byategetswe. Ntukigere ufata lesinurad wenyine, kuko yagenewe gukora hamwe n'imiti nka allopurinol cyangwa febuxostat. Muganga wawe azahuza igihe cy'imiti yombi kugirango igire akamaro kanini.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafata Lesinurad?

Lesinurad akenshi ni uburyo bwo kuvura igihe kirekire bwo gucunga gout, kimwe n'uko abantu bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa diyabete bafata imiti yabo buri gihe. Abantu benshi bakeneye kuyifata itagira iherezo kugirango bagumane urwego rwa aside ya uric nziza kandi birinde ibitero bya gout. Muganga wawe azagena igihe gikwiye hashingiwe ku gisubizo cyawe bwite n'ubuzima muri rusange.

Ushobora gutangira kubona impinduka mu rwego rwa aside ya uric mu byumweru 2-4 uhereye ku gutangira kuvurwa. Ariko, birashobora gufata amezi menshi kugirango ugere ku rwego rwa aside ya uric wifuza kandi wumve ibitero bya gout bike. Muganga wawe azakurikiza iterambere ryawe hamwe n'ibizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe, akenshi buri mezi make mbere, hanyuma kenshi iyo urwego rwawe ruhagaze.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhindura gahunda yabo yo kuvurwa uko igihe kigenda gihita. Niba urwego rwa aside ya urike rukomeza guhagarara kandi niba utagira ibitero bya gouti, muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhindura urugero rw'umuti ukoresha cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura. Ariko, guhagarika umuti rwose akenshi bituma urwego rwa aside ya urike ruzamuka, bityo abantu benshi bakomeza kuwufata igihe kirekire.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Lesinurad?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, lesinurad ishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo atari buri wese ubigeraho. Ibikorwa bigaragara byinshi ni bike kandi birashobora gucungwa, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya icyo ugomba kwitondera. Muganga wawe azaganira nawe kuri ibi bikorwa bishoboka kandi azakugenzura neza, cyane cyane iyo utangiye gufata umuti.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe ushobora guhura nabyo:

• Umutwe, ukora ku bantu hafi 1 kuri 10 bafata umuti
• Ibimenyetso bisa na gripe, harimo kumva unaniwe cyangwa ufite kubabara mu mubiri
• Gastroesophageal reflux (gushiririza cyangwa aside reflux)
• Urubumbano rw'amabuye mu mpyiko, cyane cyane mu mezi make ya mbere yo kuvurwa
• Igeragezwa ryazamutse ry'imikorere y'impyiko, muganga wawe azagenzura binyuze mu gukora amaraso

Ibi bikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe bikunda gukira uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti. Kunywa amazi menshi no gufata umuti hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora gufasha kugabanya bimwe muri ibi bikorwa.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ibikorwa bikomeye ariko bidakunze kugaragara bisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga:

• Ibibazo bikomeye by'impyiko, harimo no kwangirika kw'impyiko kwihuse
• Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umutima n'imitsi, nk'ububabare mu gituza cyangwa guhumeka nabi
• Urugero rukabije rwo kwivumbura ku miti, harimo ibibara, kubyimba, cyangwa guhumeka nabi
• Isesemi ihoraho, kuruka, cyangwa kubabara cyane mu nda
• Guhinduka mu buryo bwo kunyara cyangwa amaraso mu nkari

Niba wumva ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa usabe ubufasha bwihutirwa. Umutekano wawe ni wo uza imbere, kandi ibi bimenyetso bisaba isuzuma ryihuse.

Ninde utagomba gufata Lesinurad?

Lesinurad ntabwo ikwiriye buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kuyandika. Indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa ibihe bituma uyu muti utekanye cyangwa utagira akamaro. Muganga wawe azatekereza ku buzima bwawe muri rusange kugirango amenye niba lesinurad ikwiriye kuri wowe.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata lesinurad niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko cyangwa kunanirwa kw'impyiko
• Indwara y'impyiko igeze ku iherezo isaba dialysis
• Abakira impyiko
• Uburwayi bwa tumor lysis cyangwa izindi ndwara ziteza urwego rwo hejuru cyane rwa aside ya uric
• Allergie izwi kuri lesinurad cyangwa ibintu byose biyigize

Muganga wawe azitondera kandi kwandika lesinurad niba ufite ibibazo byimpyiko byoroheje, indwara y'umutima, cyangwa amateka y'amabuye y'impyiko. Ibi bibazo ntibisaba ko utafata umuti, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kandi birashoboka ko imiti ihinduka.

Abagore batwite cyangwa bonka bagomba kuganira ku ngaruka n'inyungu na muganga wabo, kuko umutekano wa lesinurad mugihe cyo gutwita no konsa utarashyirwaho neza. Muganga wawe ashobora gushimangira uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye muri ibi bihe.

Amazina ya Lesinurad

Lesinurad iboneka munsi yizina rya Zurampic mumihanda myinshi, harimo na Leta Zunze Ubumwe. Iyi niyo miti ikoreshwa cyane. Uturere tumwe na tumwe dushobora kugira amazina atandukanye, bityo birakenewe kumenya izina rusange (lesinurad) n'izina ry'ubwoko farumasi yawe ikoresha.

Hari kandi umuti uvanga witwa Duzallo urimo lesinurad na allopurinol mu gipimo kimwe. Uku kuvanga birashobora korohereza abantu bamwe, kuko bigabanya umubare w'ibinini ukeneye gufata buri munsi mugihe wizeza ko ubona imiti yombi ikorana.

Buri gihe menya neza ko ubona umuti ukwiye ukoresheje amazina rusange n'amazina y'ubwoko hamwe na farumasiye yawe. Niba ujya mu mahanga, izina ry'ubwoko rishobora kuba ritandukanye, ariko izina rusange lesinurad rigomba kumenyekana n'abaganga ku isi yose.

Izindi Miti Zisimbura Lesinurad

Niba lesinurad itagukwiriye cyangwa itatanga ibisubizo bihagije, imiti itandukanye ishobora kugufasha gucunga gout no kugabanya urwego rwa aside ya urike. Muganga wawe azatekereza ku miterere yawe yihariye, harimo imikorere y'impyiko zawe, izindi ndwara, n'uburyo wabyitwayemo ku miti yakoreshejwe mbere.

Ibindi byongera aside ya urike birimo:

• Allopurinol, igabanya umusaruro wa aside ya urike kandi akenshi ni umuti wa mbere
• Febuxostat, undi muti ugabanya umusaruro wa aside ya urike
• Probenecid, ifasha impyiko zawe gukuraho aside ya urike neza
• Pegloticase, urukingo rukomeye rw'imiti kubantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye

Mugucunga ibitero bya gout bikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kwandika imiti irwanya ububyimbirizi nka colchicine, NSAIDs, cyangwa corticosteroids. Ibi bikora mu buryo butandukanye na lesinurad ariko birashobora kuba ibice byingenzi bya gahunda yawe yose yo gucunga gout.

Impinduka z'imibereho zirashobora kandi gukora nk'izindi nzira zingenzi cyangwa uburyo bwo gufashanya. Ibi birimo kugumana ubuzima bwiza, kugabanya kunywa inzoga, kuguma mu mazi menshi, no kwirinda ibiryo birimo purines nyinshi. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha guteza imbere uburyo bwuzuye bushobora kugabanya icyifuzo cyawe cyo gufata imiti.

Ese Lesinurad iruta Allopurinol?

Lesinurad na allopurinol bikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi akenshi bikoreshwa byombi aho gukoreshwa nk'ibisimbura. Allopurinol igabanya urugero rwa aside ya urike umubiri wawe ukora, naho lesinurad ifasha impyiko zawe gukuramo aside ya urike nyinshi. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza akenshi burakora kurusha gukoresha umuti umwe gusa.

Allopurinol akenshi ni umuti wa mbere abaganga bandikira abarwayi ba gout kuko umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa neza kandi ukora neza ku bantu benshi. Lesinurad akenshi yongerwaho iyo allopurinol yonyine idahagije kugirango igerwe ku rugero rwa aside ya urike. Tekereza allopurinol nk'urufatiro rw'ubuvuzi, naho lesinurad itanga ubufasha bwiyongera iyo bibaye ngombwa.

Gu hitamo hagati y'iyi miti biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo allopurinol kuko ikorwa mu buryo butandukanye n'umubiri wawe. Niba umaze gufata allopurinol ariko ugakomeza kugira ibitero bya gout, kongeraho lesinurad bishobora kuba intambwe ikurikira.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'imikorere y'impyiko zawe, indi miti ufata, n'uburyo wabyitwayemo ku buvuzi bwa mbere. Abantu benshi basanga guhuza iyi miti yombi bitanga ugenzurwa rya aside ya urike kurusha umwe gusa.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Lesinurad

Ese Lesinurad iratekanye ku bantu barwaye indwara y'impyiko?

Lesinurad isaba kwitonderwa cyane niba ufite indwara y'impyiko, kandi ntisabwa ku bantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye by'impyiko. Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe akoresheje ibizamini by'amaraso mbere yo kugusaba lesinurad kandi akomeze kugukurikiranira hafi igihe uyifata.

Niba urwaye indwara yoroheje cyangwa yo hagati y'impyiko, muganga wawe ashobora gukomeza kugutera lesinurad ariko ashobora gutangira n'urugero ruto kandi akagukurikiranira hafi. Uyu muti ushobora kongera umuvuduko ku mpyiko zawe kuko wiyongera umubare wa aside ya urike zikeneye gutunganywa, ni yo mpamvu kuguma ufite amazi menshi ari ingenzi cyane.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye lesinurad nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyweye lesinurad nyinshi bitunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya, kabone n'iyo utiyumva urwaye. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by'impyiko n'izindi ngaruka zikomeye. Ntukegere ngo urebe niba ibimenyetso bigaragara, kuko kwitabwaho hakiri kare kwa muganga ni ingenzi.

Mugihe ushakisha inama za muganga, nywa amazi menshi kugirango afashe impyiko zawe gutunganya imiti yarenze urugero. Irinde kunywa izindi doze kugeza uvuganye n'umuganga. Bika icupa ry'umuti hamwe nawe kugirango abaganga babone neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe doze ya lesinurad?

Niba ucikwa doze ya lesinurad, uyifate ako kanya wibuka, igihe cyose bikiri umunsi umwe. Niba utibuka kugeza ku munsi ukurikira, reka doze yaciwe hanyuma ufate doze yawe iteganyijwe ku gihe gisanzwe. Ntukigere ufata doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugirango usubize doze yaciwe.

Gerageza gufata lesinurad ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango bigufashe kwibuka. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha kuyifata hamwe na safuli cyangwa gushyiraho umwibutso wa buri munsi kuri terefone yabo. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa doze, vugana na muganga wawe kubijyanye n'uburyo bwo kugufasha gukomeza gukurikiza imiti.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata lesinurad?

Ugomba guhagarika gufata lesinurad gusa ukurikije ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe. Abantu benshi bakeneye gukomeza kuyifata igihe kirekire kugirango bagumane urugero rwiza rwa aside ya urike no kwirinda ibitero bya gout. Guhagarika umuti mubisanzwe bituma urugero rwa aside ya urike ruzamuka mu byumweru bike.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhindura imiti yawe niba umaze igihe kirekire ufite urwego rwa aside ya urike ritajegajega kandi wakoze impinduka zikomeye mu mibereho yawe. Ariko, impinduka zose ku miti yawe zigomba gukorwa buhoro buhoro kandi zikagenzurwa neza. Ntukigere uhagarika gufata lesinurad ako kanya utabanje kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndimo gufata Lesinurad?

Ni byiza kugabanya kunywa inzoga niba urimo gufata lesinurad, kuko inzoga ishobora kubuza umubiri wawe gukuraho aside ya urike kandi ishobora gutera ibitero bya gout. Ibikoresho bya byeri na spiritus ni ibibazo cyane kuko bishobora kongera umusaruro wa aside ya urike no kugabanya imikorere y'impyiko.

Niba uhisemo kunywa inzoga rimwe na rimwe, bikore mu rugero kandi wibuke kunywa amazi menshi kugira ngo ugume ufite amazi ahagije mu mubiri. Ganira ku kunywa inzoga kwawe n'umuganga wawe, kuko bashobora gutanga ubujyanama bwihariye bushingiye ku buzima bwawe muri rusange n'intego zo gucunga gout. Abantu bamwe basanga kwirinda inzoga rwose bibafasha kugera ku kugenzura neza aside ya urike.