Icyo Guhumeka Levodopa Aricyo: Ibikoreshwa, Uburyo Bwo Gukoresha, Ingaruka Ziterwa n'ibindi

Levodopa yo guhumeka ni umuti mushya utanga levodopa mu muhogo wawe unyuze mu gikoresho cyihariye cyo guhumeka. Ubu buvuzi bushya bufasha abantu barwaye indwara ya Parkinson gucunga ibihe bya noneho "byazimye" iyo imiti yabo isanzwe yo kunywa itatanga uburyo bwo gucunga ibimenyetso bihagije.

Bitandukanye n'ibinini bisanzwe bya levodopa bigomba kunyura mu nzira yo mu gifu, uburyo bwo guhumeka bwinjizwa vuba mu maraso yawe unyuze mu muhogo wawe. Iyi nzira yihuse ishobora gufasha kugarura imigendekere yawe no kugabanya umubumbe mu minota mike aho gutegereza iminota 30-60 kugira ngo imiti yo kunywa itangire gukora.

Icyo Guhumeka Levodopa Aricyo?

Levodopa yo guhumeka ni uburyo bwumye bwa levodopa uhumeka ukoresheje igikoresho cyihariye cyo guhumeka cyitwa Inbrija. Yagenewe by'umwihariko nk'umuti wo gutabara abantu barwaye indwara ya Parkinson bahura n'ibihe bya noneho "byazimye" bitunguranye umunsi wose.

Uyu muti urimo ibintu bikora kimwe n'ibinini bya levodopa yo kunywa, ariko byateguwe nk'utuntu duto duto dushobora kwinjizwa unyuze mu gice cy'umuhogo wawe. Iyo uhumeka ifu, yinjira vuba mu maraso yawe ikajya mu bwonko bwawe, aho ihinduka dopamine kugira ngo ifashe kunoza ibimenyetso byawe byo kugenda.

Ubu buryo bwo guhumeka bwemejwe na FDA mu 2018 nk'uburyo bwa mbere kandi bwonyine bwo kuvura indwara ya Parkinson yo guhumeka. Bigenewe gukora hamwe n'imiti yawe isanzwe ya Parkinson yo kunywa, aho kuyisimbuza rwose.

Levodopa yo guhumeka ikoreshwa mu iki?

Levodopa yo guhumeka ikoreshwa by'umwihariko mu kuvura ibihe bya noneho "byazimye" ku bantu barwaye indwara ya Parkinson basanzwe bafata umuti wa carbidopa/levodopa. Ibihe byazimye ni igihe imiti yawe isanzwe igenda kandi ibimenyetso byawe bya Parkinson bigaruka cyangwa bikiyongera.

Muri ibi bihe byo kudakora neza, ushobora guhura no guhinda umutima kurushaho, umubiri ugakakara, kugenda gahoro, cyangwa kugorwa no kugenda. Ibi bishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye umunsi wose, ndetse n'iyo ufata imiti yawe yo kunywa nk'uko byategetswe. Levodopa ihumeka itanga ubufasha bwihuse iyo ibi bimenyetso byo kudakora neza bibaye.

Muganga wawe azandika iyi miti gusa niba umaze gushinga gahunda ihamye ya carbidopa/levodopa yo kunywa. Ntabwo igenewe abantu bakimara kumenyekana ko barwaye indwara ya Parkinson cyangwa abataragerageje levodopa yo kunywa mbere.

Levodopa yo guhumeka ikora ite?

Levodopa yo guhumeka ikora itanga imiti mu buryo butaziguye mu muhogo wawe, aho yinjizwa mu maraso yawe vuba. Ibi bica mu nzira y'igogora ryawe rwose, niyo mpamvu ikora vuba kuruta imiti yo kunywa.

Iyo levodopa igeze mu bwonko bwawe, ihindurwa muri dopamine n'urugero rwitwa aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase. Dopamine ni neurotransmitter ifasha kugenzura imyitwarire, kandi abantu barwaye indwara ya Parkinson bafite urwego ruto rw'iyi shimi rikomeye mu bwonko bwabo.

Ubwoko bwo guhumeka bufatwa nk'umuti ufite imbaraga ziringaniye utanga ubufasha bw'igihe gito aho kugenzura ibimenyetso by'igihe kirekire. Muri rusange bitangira gukora mu minota 10-15 kandi bishobora gutanga imikorere myiza y'ibimenyetso mu isaha 1-2, bikaguha umwanya wo gutegereza urugero rwawe rukurikira rwo kunywa kugira ngo rutangire gukora.

Nkwiriye gufata gute levodopa yo guhumeka?

Ukwiriye gufata levodopa yo guhumeka nk'uko muganga wawe abitegeka, ukoresha gusa igikoresho cyihariye cya Inbrija inhaler kiza hamwe n'imiti yawe. Urugero rusanzwe ni kapsule imwe (84 mg) ihumekwa iyo uhuye n'igihe cyo kudakora neza, hamwe n'urugero ntarengwa rwa doze 5 ku munsi.

Mbere yo gukoresha inhaler, menya neza ko intoki zawe zikoze neza kandi zumye. Kura capsule imwe mu gipfunyika mbere gato yo kuyikoresha, uyishyire mu cyumba cya inhaler. Fata igikoresho gihagaze, humeka cyane, hanyuma ushyire iminwa yawe ku munwa hanyuma uhumeke cyane kandi vuba kugirango wemeze ko ubona urugero rwuzuye.

Urashobora gukoresha uyu muti hamwe cyangwa utarimo ibiryo, kandi ntugomba kunywa amazi mbere cyangwa nyuma yo guhumeka. Ariko, ni ngombwa gukaraba umunwa wawe n'amazi nyuma yo gukoresha buri gihe kugirango ukureho ifu isigaye kandi ugabanye ibyago byo kuribwa mu muhogo. Ntukarye cyangwa unywe ikintu icyo aricyo cyose byibuze iminota 5 nyuma yo gufata urugero rwawe.

Buri gihe ujyane inhaler yawe na capsule ahantu humye ku bushyuhe busanzwe. Ntukigeze usukura igikoresho cya inhaler n'amazi, kandi usimbuze ukurikije amabwiriza ya muganga wawe, mubisanzwe buri mezi make.

Nzamara Mfata Levodopa Inhalation Ryari?

Ugomba gukomeza gufata levodopa inhalation igihe kirekire muganga wawe abikugiraho inama, mubisanzwe ni igihe kirekire ukomeza guhura n'ibice byawe hamwe n'indwara yawe ya Parkinson. Uyu muti ukorerwa gukoreshwa igihe kirekire nk'ubuvuzi bwo gutabara hamwe n'imiti yawe isanzwe yo kunywa.

Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe niba levodopa ihumekwa igifasha ibimenyetso byawe kandi ashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yose yo kuvura Parkinson uko igihe kigenda. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera kuyikoresha inshuro nyinshi kumunsi, mugihe abandi bashobora kuyikenera gusa rimwe na rimwe mugihe ibice bibaye.

Igihe cyo kuvurwa giterwa n'uko indwara yawe ya Parkinson igenda kandi n'uko imiti yawe yindi igenzura neza ibimenyetso byawe. Ntukigeze uhagarika gukoresha uyu muti ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byawe birushaho.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara Byo Guhumeka Levodopa?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, levodopa yo guhumeka irashobora gutera ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara akenshi ziba zoroheje kandi zijyanye n'uburyo bwo guhumeka ubwabyo.

Reka turebe ingaruka ushobora guhura nazo, dutangiriye ku zikunze kugaragara zikora ku myanya yawe y'ubuhumekero:

• Ukwima (bikora ku bantu bagera kuri 15%)
• Uburwayi bwo mu myanya yo hejuru y'ubuhumekero
• Uburibwe cyangwa kutumva neza mu muhogo
• Ibara ry'amacandwe rihinduka (ururenda rwawe rushobora kugaragara rwijimye)
• Ijwi ryumvikana nabi cyangwa impinduka z'ijwi

Izi ngaruka zifitanye isano n'ubuhumekero akenshi zibaho kuko ifu ishobora kurakaza inzira zawe z'ubuhumekero, ariko muri rusange ziba zoroheje kandi z'igihe gito. Gukaraba umunwa nyuma yo gukoresha buri gihe birashobora gufasha kugabanya kurakara mu muhogo.

Usibye ingaruka zifitanye isano n'ubuhumekero, ushobora kandi guhura n'ingaruka zisa n'izo ziterwa n'imiti ya levodopa yo kunywa:

• Isesemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva ureremba
• Dyskinesia (imigendekere itunguranye)
• Kugira ibitekerezo bidahuye n'ukuri cyangwa urujijo
• Impinduka mu gipimo cy'amaraso

Izi ngaruka zibaho kuko levodopa ikora ku mubiri wawe wose igihe yinjiye mu maraso yawe, ntabwo ikora gusa ku bwonko bwawe.

Ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zitagaragara ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga. Izi zirimo ingorane zikomeye zo guhumeka, kuribwa mu gituza, impinduka zikomeye mu mikorere y'umutima, cyangwa gutangira gutunguranye kwo gusinzira cyane. Niba uhuye n'ikimenyetso icyo aricyo cyose muri ibi, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ushake ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.

Ninde utagomba gufata levodopa yo guhumeka?

Amatsinda menshi y'abantu ntashobora gukoresha levodopa yo guhumeka kubera impungenge z'umutekano. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba uyu muti ukwiriye kubera uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu muhogo bagomba kwirinda uyu muti kuko guhumeka ifu byatuma ibibazo byabo byo guhumeka birushaho kuba bibi:

• Asima ikora cyangwa amateka y'ibitero bya asima
• Indwara y'umwuka iziba (COPD)
• Izindi ndwara z'umwuka zihoraho zigira ingaruka ku guhumeka
• Udukoko tw'ubuhumekero twa vuba cyangwa umusonga

Uduce tw'ifu dushobora gutera ingorane zo guhumeka cyangwa gukomeza kubyimbirwa kw'ibihaha muri ibyo bihe.

Byongeye kandi, indwara zimwe na zimwe n'imikoranire y'imiti bituma levodopa ihumeka idatekanye:

• Abantu bafata ibiyobyabwenge bya monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) mu minsi 14 ishize
• Abafite glaucoma y'urwego ruto
• Abantu bafite ibisebe bishidikanywaho cyangwa amateka ya melanoma
• Abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'umutima cyangwa umutima wa vuba
• Abantu bafite indwara z'impyiko cyangwa umwijima (bishobora gusaba guhindura urugero rw'umuti)

Muganga wawe azatekereza kandi ku myaka yawe, indi miti, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mbere yo kwandika ubu buvuzi.

Izina ry'ubwoko bwa Levodopa Inhalation

Izina ry'ubwoko bwa levodopa inhalation ni Inbrija, ikorwa na Acorda Therapeutics. Ubu ni bwo buryo bumwe bwemewe na FDA bwo guhumeka levodopa buboneka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika.

Inbrija iza nk'urwego rwuzuye rurimo ibikoresho byombi by'ifu yumye n'igikoresho cyihariye cyo guhumeka. Ntiwashobora gukoresha ibikoresho hamwe n'ubundi bwoko bw'igikoresho cyo guhumeka, kandi ntushobora gukoresha indi miti hamwe n'igikoresho cya Inbrija.

Umuti uboneka gusa ku mpapuro z'abaganga kandi akenshi ukubiyemo gahunda nyinshi z'ubwishingizi ku bantu barwaye indwara ya Parkinson bahura n'ibisabwa byihariye byo kuyikoresha.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Levodopa Inhalation

Niba levodopa inhalation itagukwiriye, hariho ubundi buryo bwinshi bwo gucunga indwara ya Parkinson.

Iindi miti ikora vuba yo hanze y'ibihe birimo:

• Inshinge za Apomorphine (Apokyn) - bikora mu minota 10-20
• Imirongo ya apomorphine yo munsi y'ururimi (Kynmobi) - isenyuka munsi y'ururimi rwawe
• Levodopa/carbidopa yo mu kanwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa ako kanya - nubwo bitinda kurusha ubwoko bwo guhumeka
• Guhindura igihe cyo gufata imiti yawe isanzwe yo mu kanwa cyangwa urugero rwayo

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bukora hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga imiti ariko bugamije kugera ku ntego imwe yo gusubiza vuba urwego rwa dopamine mu bwonko bwawe.

Ku bantu bamwe, gushyira mu bikorwa neza imiti yabo isanzwe yo mu kanwa birashobora guhagije kugabanya ibihe byo hanze. Ibi bishobora gushoboka mu guhindura ukoresha imiti ifata igihe kirekire, kongeraho imiti ya Parkinson's nk'imiti ya dopamine agonists, cyangwa guhindura igihe cyo kurya kugirango imiti ifatwe neza.

Ese Levodopa yo guhumeka iruta Levodopa yo mu kanwa?

Levodopa yo guhumeka ntiruta Levodopa yo mu kanwa, ariko ifite icyo ikora gitandukanye muri gahunda yawe yose yo kuvurwa. Ubwoko bwo guhumeka bugenewe kuzuzanya imiti yawe isanzwe yo mu kanwa, ntabwo buyisimbuza rwose.

Inyungu nyamukuru ya levodopa yo guhumeka ni umuvuduko. Mugihe levodopa yo mu kanwa isanzwe ifata iminota 30-60 kugirango ikore, ubwoko bwo guhumeka busanzwe butangira gukora mumunota 10-15. Ibi bituma bifite agaciro cyane mugucunga ibihe byo hanze bitunguranye mugihe ukeneye ubufasha bwihuse.

Ariko, levodopa yo mu kanwa iguma kuba urufatiro rwa gahunda nyinshi zo kuvura Parkinson's kuko itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso bifata igihe kirekire umunsi wose. Ubwoko bwo guhumeka bukora gusa amasaha agera kuri 1-2, bituma bitakwemerera kuba umuti wawe wambere.

Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya uruvange rwiza rwimiti hashingiwe ku buryo ibimenyetso byawe bimeze, imibereho yawe, n'uburyo wihanganira uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Abantu benshi basanga gukoresha ubwoko bwombi hamwe bitanga uburyo bwuzuye bwo gucunga ibimenyetso.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kubijyanye na Levodopa yo guhumeka

Ese Levodopa yo guhumeka irakwiriye ku bantu barwaye indwara z'umutima?

Kwinjiza levodopa bisaba kwitondera cyane niba ufite indwara y'umutima. Uyu muti ushobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima wawe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, bishobora gutera ibibazo ku bantu bafite indwara z'umutima.

Muganga wawe azagomba gusuzuma indwara y'umutima yawe n'imiti ufata ubu mbere yo kugutera levodopa yinjizwa mu muhogo. Bashobora kugusaba gukurikiranwa umutima cyangwa guhindura imiti yawe y'umutima kugira ngo bakoreshe neza. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'umutima bashobora kwirinda uyu muti rwose.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba ninyweje levodopa nyinshi itunguranye?

Niba utunguranye winjije levodopa nyinshi kurusha urugero rwanditswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya. Guha levodopa nyinshi bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye zirimo isesemi ikabije, kuruka, umutima utagenda neza, kwibeshya, cyangwa gusinzira cyane.

Ntugerageze kwivugisha, kuko ibi ntibizafasha gukuraho umuti umaze kwinjizwa mu muhogo wawe. Wigenzure neza niba hari ibimenyetso bidasanzwe kandi ushake ubufasha bwihutirwa niba wumva ububabare mu gituza, ugahumeka nabi, cyangwa utakaza ubwenge.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije urugero rwa levodopa yinjizwa mu muhogo?

Niba wirengagije urugero mu gihe cy'igihe gito, urashobora kuyifata ako kanya wibuka, igihe cyose utarengeje urugero rwa 5 ku munsi umwe. Bitandukanye n'imiti iteganyijwe, levodopa yinjizwa ikoreshwa uko bikwiye kubera ibimenyetso by'uburwayi.

Ntufate urugero rwinshi kugira ngo usimbuze izo wirengagije, kandi buri gihe ushyire imiti yawe nibura amasaha 2. Niba ufite ibihe byinshi by'uburwayi utagira amahirwe yo kuvura, ganira na muganga wawe kuko ushobora gukenera guhindura imiti yawe isanzwe yo kunywa.

Nshobora kureka gufata levodopa yinjizwa ryari?

Ushobora kureka gufata levodopa yo guhumeka igihe wowe na muganga wawe mwembi mwemeje ko utakiyikeneye mu kugenzura ibihe bibi. Ibi bishobora kubaho niba imiti yawe isanzwe yo kunywa yahinduwe ikaba itanga imiti myiza, cyangwa niba ibihe bibi byawe bigabanuka cyangwa bikaba bidakomeye.

Banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo guhagarika iyi miti, aho kuyihagarika wenyine. Bashobora kugufasha gusuzuma niba umuti ukigufitiye akamaro kandi bakaguyobora mu guhindura gahunda yawe yose yo kuvurwa.

Nshobora Kugenda n'Umuti wa Levodopa wo guhumeka?

Yego, urashobora kugenda ufite levodopa yo guhumeka, ariko uzakenera gufata ingamba zidasanzwe. Buri gihe ujyane umuti wawe mu gikapu cyawo cy'umwimerere hamwe n'icyapa cy'urwandiko rw'umuganga, kandi uzane ibaruwa ivuye kwa muganga wawe isobanura impamvu yawe y'ubuvuzi yo gukoresha icyuma cyo guhumeka.

Mugihe ugenda mu ndege, ujyane umuti wawe mu gikapu cyo mu ntoki aho kujyana mu gikapu gishyirwa mu mpapuro kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe bukabije no gutakaza. TSA yemerera ibikoresho byo guhumeka by'ubuvuzi kunyura mu mutekano, ariko kugira inyandiko birashobora gufasha kwihutisha uburyo bwo gusuzuma. Tekereza kuzana ibinini byinshi mugihe habayeho gutinda kw'urugendo.