Lifitegrast ni iki: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Lifitegrast ni umuti w'amaso wandikirwa na muganga ufasha kuvura indwara y'amaso yumye agabanya umubyimbirwe ku ruhu rw'amaso yawe. Uyu muti ukora mu buryo butandukanye n'amarira y'ubwoko bwa artificial kuko uvura imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zitera amaso yumye aho gutanga gusa ubushuhe bw'igihe gito.

Niba umaze igihe ufite amaso yumye, arishye atagaragara ko akira n'amatonyi asanzwe agurishwa, muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kuba yaraguteye lifitegrast nk'uburyo bwo kuvura bwihariye. Reka tunyuremo ibyo ukeneye kumenya kuri uyu muti mu magambo yoroshye.

Lifitegrast ni iki?

Lifitegrast ni amatonyi y'amaso arwanya umubyimbirwe akaba ari mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) antagonists. Mu magambo yoroheje, ni umuti wihariye ubuza ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bya sisitemu y'ubudahangarwa bigira uruhare mu kubyimba kw'amaso no kumuka.

Bitandukanye n'amarira asanzwe ya artificial atanga gusa ubushuhe mu maso yawe, lifitegrast ikora mu gukiza umubyimbirwe utera ibimenyetso by'amaso yumye. Tekereza nk'uko uvura ikibazo cyihishe aho guhisha gusa ibimenyetso.

Uyu muti uza nk'igisubizo cyiza, giteye imbere ukoresha mu maso yawe ukoresheje amacupa akoreshwa rimwe. Icupa rimwe rigizwe n'urugero rumwe, rufasha kwirinda kwandura kandi rukanemeza ko urimo kubona umuti ukwiye.

Lifitegrast ikoreshwa mu iki?

Lifitegrast ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara y'amaso yumye, izwi kandi nka keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo amaso yawe atabyara amarira ahagije cyangwa iyo amarira ahumuka vuba cyane, agasiga amaso yawe yumye, arishye, kandi atoroheje.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira lifitegrast niba ufite ibimenyetso bihoraho bitaravuzwe neza n'amarira y'ubwenge cyangwa izindi nshuti z'ibanze. Ibi bimenyetso akenshi birimo kumva amaso yawe asa nk'afite umucanga cyangwa ibishishwa, kumva bishya cyangwa gutwika, umutuku, rimwe na rimwe ndetse no kurira cyane uko amaso yawe agerageza kwishyura umwuma.

Uyu muti wateguwe by'umwihariko ku ndwara y'ijisho ryumye riri hagati cyangwa rikomeye aho kubyimbirwa bifite uruhare runini. Bifasha cyane cyane abantu bafite amaso yumye azanwa n'indwara nka syndrome ya Sjögren, imikorere mibi y'urugingo rwa meibomian, cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa no kubyimbirwa zikora ku ruhu rw'ijisho.

Lifitegrast ikora ite?

Lifitegrast ikora ibuza inzira zihariye z'ubudahangarwa zigira uruhare mu kubyimbirwa kw'ijisho. Igenzura ikintu cyitwa LFA-1, ari poroteyine ifasha selile z'ubudahangarwa kwifatanya no kwangiza uruhu rw'amaso yawe mugihe cyo gusubiza ibimenyetso byo kubyimbirwa.

Iyo kubyimbirwa bibaye mumaso yawe, selile zimwe na zimwe z'ubudahangarwa zirarenga zikangiza kandi zigatangira kurwanya imitsi y'amaso yuzuye ubuzima. Lifitegrast ikora nk'isonga ryoroheje kuri ubu buryo, ikabuza izi selile z'ubudahangarwa gutera ibindi byangiza ku ngingo zikora amarira n'uruhu rw'ijisho.

Uyu muti ufata imbaraga ziri hagati mu bijyanye n'ingaruka zawo zo kurwanya kubyimbirwa. Ugenzurwa kurusha imiti isanzwe irwanya kubyimbirwa, bivuze ko ishobora kugira akamaro mugihe akenshi itera ingaruka nke kurusha imiti ikomeye. Abantu benshi batangira kubona impinduka mu bimenyetso byabo muminsi 2-4 nyuma yo kuyikoresha buri gihe.

Nkwiriye gufata Lifitegrast nte?

Lifitegrast ikwiriye gukoreshwa nkuko byategetswe na muganga w'amaso yawe, akenshi urutonde rumwe mu jisho ryose ryagizweho ingaruka kabiri ku munsi, hafi amasaha 12. Uyu muti uza mu ducupa duto, dukoreshwa rimwe gusa ugomba gufungura mushya kuri buri dose.

Uku niko ushyira amavuta mu buryo bwizewe kandi neza:

1. Komesa neza intoki zawe mbere yo gukoresha umuti
2. Kura amaso niba uyambara (tegereza byibuze iminota 15 nyuma yo gukoresha amavuta mbere yo kuyasubizamo)
3. Fungura icyuma gishya ukuraho igice cyo hejuru
4. Utsindagire umutwe wawe inyuma gato kandi ukureho urupapuro rwo hasi rw'ijisho ryawe
5. Fata icyuma hejuru y'ijisho ryawe hanyuma ukande gahoro kugirango ureke igitonyanga kimwe
6. Funga ijisho ryawe iminota nka 30 kugirango umuti ukwirakwire
7. Jugunya icyuma nyuma yo gukoresha, niyo hari umuti usigaye

Urashobora gukoresha lifitegrast hamwe cyangwa nta funguro, kuko ishyirwa mu maso yawe atari ukuyifata mu kanwa. Niba ukeneye gukoresha indi miti y'amaso, tegera byibuze iminota 5 hagati y'ibitonyanga bitandukanye kugirango birinde ko byasohokana.

Gerageza gukoresha imiti yawe mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego rumwe rw'umuti mu maso yawe. Abantu benshi babona ko bifasha guhuza imiti yabo n'ibikorwa bya buri munsi nk'ukoza amenyo mu gitondo na nimugoroba.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana iki nkoresha Lifitegrast?

Igihe cyo kuvurwa na lifitegrast gitandukanye ku muntu ku muntu, ariko abantu benshi bakeneye kuyikoresha byibuze amezi 3-6 kugirango babone impinduka zigaragara mu bimenyetso by'ijisho ryumye. Abantu bamwe bashobora kuyikoresha igihe kirekire kugirango bagumane ibisubizo byabo.

Umuganga w'amaso yawe akenshi azashaka kukubona nyuma y'ibyumweru 6-8 by'imiti kugirango asuzume uko umuti ukora neza kuri wowe. Muri uru ruzinduko, bazagenzura impinduka mu bimenyetso byawe kandi basuzume amaso yawe kugirango barebe niba ububyimbirwe bugabanuka.

Ni ngombwa gukomeza gukoresha lifitegrast niyo utabona impinduka ako kanya. Bitandukanye n'amarira y'ubwenge atanga ubufasha ako kanya, imiti irwanya ububyimbirwe nka lifitegrast ikora buhoro buhoro kugirango ikemure impamvu z'amaso yawe yumye. Abantu benshi batangira kubona inyungu zigaragara nyuma y'ibyumweru 2-4 byo kuyikoresha buri gihe.

Ntugahagarike gukoresha lifitegrast ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Niba uhagaritse imiti ako kanya, ibimenyetso by'amaso yumye bishobora kugaruka kuko ububyimbirizi busubira.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Lifitegrast?

Abantu benshi bakoresha lifitegrast neza, ariko nk'imiti yose, ishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara kuri bamwe. Ibikorwa bigaragara bikunze kugaragara muri rusange biroroshye kandi bikunda gukira uko amaso yawe amenyera umuti.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara bikunze kuvugwaho:

• Gushya cyangwa kuruma by'agateganyo iyo ubanza gukoresha amavuta
• Kureba nabi iminota mike nyuma yo kuyakoresha
• Uburibwe cyangwa gutukura kw'amaso
• Uburyohe budasanzwe mu kanwa kawe (ibi bibaho kuko umuti ushobora kunyura mu miyoboro y'amaso yawe)
• Umutwe
• Kuruhuka cyane mu ntangiriro

Ibi bikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe bikunda kugabanuka uko ukomeza gukoresha umuti. Uburibwe, by'umwihariko, bukunda kugabanuka cyane nyuma y'iminsi mike yo gukoresha.

Ibikorwa bigaragara bitavugwa cyane ariko bikomeye birimo uburibwe bukomeye bw'amaso, impinduka mu burebure, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwo mu mubiri nko kubyimba hirya no hino y'amaso yawe, guhumeka bigoranye, cyangwa uruhu rwakwiriye hose. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kandi guhura n'amazi ava mu maso yabo cyangwa kwiyongera kw'ubushyuhe ku rumuri. Nubwo ibi bitari bibi, birashobora kuba bidashimishije kandi bikaba bikwiriye kuganira n'umuganga wita ku maso yawe.

Ni Bande Batagomba Gukoresha Lifitegrast?

Lifitegrast ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu byinshi mbere yo kuyandika. Umuti muri rusange ntusabwa ku bantu bagaragaje ububyimbirizi kuri lifitegrast cyangwa ibintu byayo byose.

Ugomba kubwira muganga wawe niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira mbere yo gutangira lifitegrast:

• Udukoko twangiza amaso (uturuka kuri bagiteri, virusi, cyangwa imyungu)
• Kubagwa amaso vuba aha cyangwa imvune ku jisho
• Gusama cyangwa guteganya gusama
• Konsa
• Izindi ndwara zikomeye z'amaso zirenga indwara y'ijisho ryumye

Umutekano wa lifitegrast mu gihe cyo gutwita no konsa nturashyirwaho neza, bityo muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu zishoboka n'ibishobora guteza akaga. Niba ugerageza gusama cyangwa ugasanga utwite ukoresha lifitegrast, ganira na muganga wawe ako kanya.

Abana n'ingimbi bari munsi y'imyaka 18 ntibagomba gukoresha lifitegrast, kuko umutekano wayo n'ubushobozi bwayo bitarashyirwaho mu byiciro by'imyaka mito. Uyu muti wemerejwe gukoreshwa n'abantu bakuru gusa.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Lifitegrast

Lifitegrast iboneka munsi y'izina ry'ubwoko bwa Xiidra, ikorwa na Novartis. Ubu ni ryo zina ry'ubwoko rya lifitegrast riboneka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika.

Xiidra iza mu tuzu tw'umwe rukumbi turimo umuti wa lifitegrast wa 5%. Agasanduku kamwe gakunze kuba karimo utuzu 60, bitanga umuti wo gukoresha mu kwezi kumwe iyo ukoreshejwe kabiri ku munsi nk'uko byategetswe.

Ubwoko rusange bwa lifitegrast ntiburaboneka, bivuze ko Xiidra ari yo yonyine ihari kuri uyu muti wihariye. Ariko, ubwishingizi bwawe bushobora kuba bufite izindi nzira zihitamo cyangwa muganga wawe ashobora gutanga izindi nshuti zo kuvura ijisho ryumye niba ikiguzi kibangamiye.

Izindi nshuti za Lifitegrast

Niba lifitegrast itagukwiriye cyangwa itatanga ubufasha buhagije, hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura indwara y'ijisho ryumye. Muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kugufasha gushakisha izi nzira zishingiye ku bimenyetso byawe byihariye n'ibyo ukeneye.

Andi matonyi y'amaso yandikirwa indwara y'ijisho ryumye arimo:

• Cyclosporine (Restasis) - andi matonyi arwanya umubyimbirwe akora mu buryo butandukanye na lifitegrast
• Varenicline (Tyrvaya) - umuti uvuzwa mu mazuru utera imisemburo y'amaso
• Cequa - uburyo bushya bwa cyclosporine

Uburyo bwo kuvura butagomba kwandikwa na muganga burimo amarira y'ubwoko bw'ubwoko bw'amazi, ibitambaro bishyushye, ibiyobyabwenge bya omega-3 fatty acid, n'imibereho ihinduka nk'ukoresha humidifier cyangwa gufata akaruhuko ku gihe cyo kureba ecran.

Abantu bamwe bungukirwa n'inzira nka punctal plugs, ibikoresho bito bishyirwa mu miyoboro y'amarira kugira ngo bifashe kubika ubushuhe mu maso. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba kuvura indwara zishingiye ku bintu nk'ibibazo bya blepharitis cyangwa meibomian gland dysfunction.

Ese Lifitegrast iruta Cyclosporine?

Lifitegrast na cyclosporine ni imiti ikora neza mu kuvura indwara y'ijisho ryumye, ariko ikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi ishobora kuba ikwiriye abantu batandukanye. Nta muti n'umwe uruta undi - guhitamo biterwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Lifitegrast ikunda gukora vuba kurusha cyclosporine, abantu benshi babona impinduka mu byumweru 2-4 ugereranije n'amezi 3-6 hamwe na cyclosporine. Ariko, cyclosporine imaze igihe kinini iboneka kandi ifite amakuru menshi yerekeye umutekano w'igihe kirekire.

Abantu bamwe basubiza neza ku muti umwe kurusha undi, kandi rimwe na rimwe abaganga bashobora gusaba gukoresha byombi hamwe kubera ibibazo bikomeye. Imiterere y'ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti iratandukanye - lifitegrast ikunda gutera impinduka z'uburyohe, mugihe cyclosporine ishobora gutera gutwika cyane mbere.

Muganga wawe w'amaso azatekereza ibintu nk'uburemere bw'amaso yawe yumye, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, imiti yindi urimo gufata, n'ubwishingizi bwawe mugihe cyo gufata icyemezo cy'ubuvuzi bushobora gukora neza kuri wewe.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Lifitegrast

Q1. Ese Lifitegrast irakwiriye indwara ya diyabete?

Lifitegrast muri rusange irakwiriye abantu barwaye diyabete, kuko ishyirwa mu maso kandi bike cyane bikinjira mu maraso yawe. Ariko, abantu barwaye diyabete bafite ibyago byinshi byo guhura n'ibibazo bitandukanye by'amaso, bityo ni ngombwa kugira ibizamini by'amaso buri gihe.

Niba urwaye diyabete, muganga wawe w'amaso azashaka kugukurikiranira hafi cyane mugihe ukoresha lifitegrast kugirango wemeze ko ubuzima bw'amaso yawe muri rusange buguma butajegajega. Ijisho ryumye rya diyabete rimwe na rimwe rishobora kuba rigoye kuvura, bityo muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba izindi mvura zunganira lifitegrast.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nkoresheje lifitegrast nyinshi ku buryo butunganye?

Niba ukoresheje umuti mwinshi ku buryo butunganye, ntugire ubwoba. Sukura amaso yawe n'amazi meza hanyuma ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo gufata imiti. Gukoresha lifitegrast nyinshi rimwe na rimwe ntibishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye.

Ushobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye zirimo gutwika cyangwa kubona ibintu bitajegajega, ariko ibi bikwiriye gukemuka byonyine. Niba ufite impungenge cyangwa uhuye n'ibimenyetso bikomeye, vugana na muganga wawe w'amaso cyangwa umufarumasiti kugirango bagufashe.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciweho urugero rwa lifitegrast?

Niba waciweho urugero rwa lifitegrast, uyikoreshe ako kanya wibukirwa, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muricyo gihe, rekera urugero rwaciweho hanyuma ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe - ntukongereho urugero.

Gerageza kugumana gahunda ihamye uko bishoboka kose kugirango ubone ibisubizo byiza. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, tekereza gushyiraho alarme za terefone cyangwa gukoresha porogaramu yibutsa imiti kugirango igufashe kuguma ku murongo.

Q4. Nshobora kureka gufata lifitegrast ryari?

Ukwiye kureka gufata lifitegrast nyuma yo kubiganiraho na muganga wawe w'amaso. Abantu benshi bakeneye gukomeza kuyikoresha igihe kirekire kugirango bagumane iterambere ryabo mu bimenyetso by'ijisho ryumye.

Niba wowe na muganga wawe mwemeje kureka lifitegrast, ushobora gukenera kugabanya buhoro buhoro cyangwa ukagira izindi mvura ziteguye. Guhagarara ako kanya bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso by'ijisho ryumye risubira kuko ingaruka zirwanya umubiri zirangira.

Q5. Nshobora kwambara amaso y'amaso mugihe nkoresha lifitegrast?

Urashobora kwambara amaso y'amaso ukoresha lifitegrast, ariko ugomba kuyakuramo mbere yo gukoresha amavuta hanyuma ukategereza byibuze iminota 15 mbere yo kuyasubizamo. Iki gihe cyo gutegereza gituma umuti ufata igihe cyo gukora utaranyurwa n'amaso yawe.

Abantu bamwe basanga kwihanganira amaso yabo byongera igihe bakoresha lifitegrast, kuko umuti ufasha kugabanya ububyimbirwe bushobora gutuma kwambara amaso bidashimishije. Ariko, buri gihe ukurikize inama zihariye za muganga w'amaso ku bijyanye no gukoresha amaso mugihe uvurwa.