Icyo Mannitol ari cyo: Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Mannitol ni umuti ukomeye utangwa binyuze mu muyoboro wa IV (intraveneous) kugira ngo ugabanye ububyimbirwe bukomeye mu bwonko bwawe cyangwa ufashishe impyiko zawe gukuramo amazi menshi n'uburozi. Iki kintu gisa n'isukari gikora vuba kugira ngo gikure amazi menshi mu bice bitari byo, bigaha umubiri wawe ubufasha ukeneye mu bihe by'ubuvuzi bikomeye.

Icyo Mannitol ari cyo?

Mannitol ni ubwoko bwa alcool y'isukari abaganga bakoresha nk'umuti ukomeye wa diuretic. Iyo itanzwe binyuze mu mijyana yawe, ikora nk'imbaraga ikurura amazi menshi mu mubiri wawe, ikayakurura binyuze mu mpyiko zawe ikajya mu nkari zawe.

Tekereza mannitol nk'umufasha w'ubuvuzi ushobora kugabanya vuba ububyimbirwe bubi, cyane cyane hafi y'ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo. Ni ingenzi cyane kuko ntijya mu gice cy'ubwonko byoroshye, bigatuma ari nziza mu kuvura ibibazo byihutirwa bijyanye n'ubwonko.

Abaganga bita mannitol nk'umuti wa osmotic diuretic, bisobanura ko ikora ihindura imiterere y'amazi mu mubiri wawe. Ibi bituma bitandukanye n'izindi pilule z'amazi ushobora kumenyera.

Mannitol ikoreshwa mu iki?

Abaganga bakoresha cyane mannitol mu kuvura ububyimbirwe bw'ubwonko buteye ubuzima bw'akaga n'ibibazo bikomeye by'impyiko. Akenshi bigenewe ibitaro aho ukeneye kuvurwa ako kanya, bikomeye.

Impamvu isanzwe ushobora guhabwa mannitol ni uko ufite umuvuduko wiyongereye imbere mu gihanga cyawe, mu by'ubuvuzi bita intracranial pressure. Ibi bishobora kubaho nyuma yo gukomereka mu mutwe, sitiroki, cyangwa kubagwa mu bwonko igihe igice cy'ubwonko bwawe kibyimba mu buryo buteye akaga.

Dore ibibazo by'ingenzi aho mannitol iba ingenzi:

• Ubwoba bwo mu bwonko buturutse ku gukomereka cyangwa kuvunika kw'umutwe
• Umunaniro wiyongereye mu gihanga cyawe mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa mu bwonko
• Kunanirwa kw'impyiko kw'igihe gito igihe impyiko zawe zikeneye ubufasha bwo gukuramo uburozi
• Ibyago bikomeye byo guhumana aho gukuraho uburozi vuba ari ngombwa
• Ibyago bya Glaucoma igihe umuvuduko wo mu jisho uba mwinshi cyane

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizagusuzuma neza mugihe uvurwa kuko mannitol ikomeye cyane. Bazayikoresha gusa igihe inyungu ziruta neza ibyago.

Mannitol ikora ite?

Mannitol ikora iteza imbaraga zikomeye zikurura amazi menshi mu bice byabyimbye. Ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye cyane ushobora gutanga ibisubizo byihuse, rimwe na rimwe mumunota.

Igihe mannitol yinjira mumaraso yawe, yongera umubare w'utunyangingo mu maraso yawe. Ibi bitera icyo abaganga bita osmotic gradient, mu by'ukuri bigatuma amaraso yawe "yumva inyota" y'amazi ava mu bice by'umubiri bikikije.

Uyu muti ukora neza cyane kubyerekeye ubwoba bwo mu bwonko kuko ntushobora kwambuka byoroshye uva mu maraso yawe ugana mu bwonko. Ibi bivuze ko uguma mu miyoboro y'amaraso yawe ugakurura amazi ava mu ngingo z'ubwonko bwawe, ukagabanya umuvuduko mwinshi.

Impyiko zawe zikora cyane kugirango zungurure aya mazi menshi hamwe na mannitol, niyo mpamvu uzajya wihagarika kenshi mugihe uvurwa. Ubu buryo bufasha gusubiza uburinganire busanzwe bw'amazi mumubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gufata mannitol nte?

Ntushobora gufata mannitol unywa - igomba gutangwa mu urugingo rwawe rw'amaraso binyuze mu muyoboro wa IV n'abantu b'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi. Ibi bihora bibera mu bitaro cyangwa ahantu ho kuvurirwa aho ushobora gukurikiranwa neza.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rizashyira umuyoboro muto mu urugingo rwawe rw'amaraso, akenshi mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa ukuboko. Umuti wa mannitol utemba buhoro buhoro kandi utajegajega mu maraso yawe mugihe giteganijwe na muganga wawe.

Urutonde rw'umuti ruterwa n'uburwayi bwawe n'uko umubiri wawe ubyakira. Itsinda ry'abaganga bazabara umubare nyawo bashingiye ku kigereranyo cy'uburemere bwawe, imikorere y'impyiko zawe, n'uburemere bw'uburwayi bwawe.

Mugihe cy'imiti, abaforomo bazajya bagenzura kenshi umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, umuvuduko w'umutima wawe, n'umusaruro w'inkari. Bazagenzura kandi imiterere y'amaraso yawe kugirango barebe niba umubiri wawe ukoresha neza imiti.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafashe Mannitol?

Imiti ya Mannitol akenshi iba igihe gito, imara amasaha make cyangwa iminsi myinshi. Muganga wawe azahagarika imiti ako kanya ubuzima bwawe bumaze kuzahuka ku buryo butagikeneye ingaruka zayo zikomeye.

Kubijyanye no kubyimba mu bwonko, imiti irashobora kumara iminsi 1-3 mugihe umuvuduko wo mu bwonko bwawe usubira mu buryo busanzwe. Kubijyanye n'ibibazo by'impyiko, birashobora kuba bigufi cyane niba impyiko zawe zongeye gukora neza.

Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe bakomeza gusuzuma niba ugikeneye mannitol binyuze mu gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe no gukora ibizamini by'amaraso. Bazagabanya buhoro buhoro urugero rw'imiti cyangwa bakayihagarika rwose igihe byemewe.

Intego ni ukoresha mannitol igihe gito gishoboka kugirango uvure uburwayi bwawe neza. Gukoresha igihe kirekire rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ibibazo, bityo abaganga bakunda kuguha izindi miti igihe bishoboka.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Mannitol?

Mannitol irashobora gutera ingaruka nyinshi kuko ihindura cyane imiterere y'amazi mu mubiri wawe. Ingaruka nyinshi zishobora gucungwa neza iyo ukurikiranywe neza mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo zirimo kunyara cyane, ibyo mu by'ukuri ni kimwe mu buryo imiti ikora. Ushobora kandi kumva ufite inyota, uribwa cyangwa ukabona impinduka mu muvuduko w'amaraso yawe.

Dore ingaruka itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizakurikirana:

• Kujya kunyara kenshi no kumva inyota yiyongereye
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva ureremba bitewe n'imihindagurikire y'umuvuduko w'amaraso
• Urugimbu cyangwa kuruka
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa guhumirwa
• Kubyimba ahantu batera urushinge rw'umuti
• Imhinduka mu mutima wawe

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunze kubaho ariko zisaba kwitabwaho ako kanya. Zishobora kuba zirimo kumuka amazi cyane, kugabanuka gukabije k'umuvuduko w'amaraso, cyangwa ibibazo byo kutaringaniza imyunyu ngugu mu mubiri wawe.

Itsinda ry'abaganga bakurikirana imiterere yawe neza kugira ngo bamenye kandi bavure ingaruka zose vuba. Bazahindura uburyo bwo kukuvura cyangwa bakongeraho imiti yindi niba bibaye ngombwa kugira ngo ugire ubuzima bwiza kandi utekane.

Ninde utagomba gufata Mannitol?

Mannitol ntiboneye buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kuyandika. Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umutima, impyiko, cyangwa ibihaha bashobora gukenera uburyo bwo kuvurwa butandukanye.

Niba ufite umutima udakora neza cyane, umutima wawe ntushobora kwihanganira impinduka zihuse z'amazi zitera na mannitol. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko ntibashobora gutunganya neza umuti.

Muganga wawe azirinda gutanga mannitol niba ufite imwe muri izi ndwara:

• Umutima udakora neza cyane cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima
• Indwara zateye imbere z'impyiko cyangwa kunanirwa kw'impyiko
• Kumuka amazi cyane cyangwa kugabanuka kw'amaraso
• Allergie izwi kuri mannitol
• Kutaringaniza cyane imyunyu ngugu
• Ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwo kuva amaraso mu bwonko

Kuba utwite no konsa bisaba kwitonderwa by'umwihariko, nubwo mannitol ishobora gukoreshwa niba inyungu ziruta ibyago. Muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku bindi bisubizo byose.

N'iyo waba ufite imwe muri izi ndwara, muganga wawe ashobora gukoresha mannitol mu bihe biteye ubuzima bw'akaga mu gihe afata ingamba zidasanzwe zo kugukurikiranira hafi.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Mannitol

Mannitol iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubucuruzi, nubwo ibitaro byinshi bikoresha verisiyo rusange. Amazina asanzwe y'ubucuruzi arimo Osmitrol na Resectisol, bitewe n'ubwinshi bwihariye n'icyo bigenewe gukoreshwa.

Uyu muti ushobora kandi kwitwa gusa "Mannitol Injection" ukurikizwa n'ijanisha ry'ubwinshi. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rizagena uburyo bukwiye cyane kubera uburwayi bwawe bwihariye.

Tutitaye ku izina ry'ubucuruzi, ibicuruzwa bya mannitol byose bikora kimwe kandi bifite ingaruka zisa. Muganga wawe azahitamo verisiyo ijyanye neza n'ibyo ukeneye kuvurwa.

Izindi nzira zishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe cya Mannitol

Imiti myinshi isimbura ishobora kugera ku ngaruka zisa na mannitol, bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye. Muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo iyi miti niba mannitol itagukwiriye cyangwa niba uburwayi bwawe busaba uburyo butandukanye.

Ku gihimba cy'ubwonko, izindi nzira zishobora gukoreshwa zirimo ibisubizo bya saline ya hypertonic, bikora kimwe ariko bikoresha umunyu aho gukoresha isukari. Imiti nka furosemide (Lasix) nayo irashobora gufasha kugabanya amazi yiyongera, nubwo bakora mu buryo butandukanye.

Dore izindi nzira zishobora gukoreshwa muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza:

• Saline ya Hypertonic ku gihimba cy'ubwonko
• Furosemide (Lasix) yo gukuraho amazi
• Acetazolamide kubwoko bumwe bwo guhimbana
• Glycerol yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'ubwonko
• Urea mu bihe byihariye

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizagena uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku burwayi bwawe bwihariye, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, n'uko ukeneye kuvurwa vuba. Uburyo bwose bufite inyungu zabwo n'ibitekerezo byabwo.

Ese Mannitol iruta Furosemide?

Mannitol na furosemide bakora mu buryo butandukanye kandi bikwiriye ibihe bitandukanye, bityo imwe ntabwo iruta iyindi. Muganga wawe ahitamo hashingiwe ku byo umubiri wawe ukeneye cyane.

Mannitol ikora vuba kandi ikomeye kurusha izindi mu kuvura ububyimbirwe bwo mu bwonko kuko ishobora gukuramo amazi mu gice cy'ubwonko vuba. Furosemide ikora buhoro kandi akenshi ni nziza mu kuvura amazi igihe kirekire.

Mu gihe cy'ububyimbirwe bwo mu bwonko bwihutirwa, mannitol akenshi ni wo muti wa mbere uhitwamo kuko ukora mu minota. Ku bibazo by'umutima cyangwa impyiko bikomeje, furosemide ishobora kuba ikwiriye kurushaho kuko itagira ingaruka nyinshi kandi ishobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'uko ukeneye ibisubizo vuba, imikorere y'impyiko zawe, n'uko umeze muri rusange mu guhitamo hagati y'iyi miti. Rimwe na rimwe bashobora gukoresha byombi icyarimwe kugira ngo babone inyungu nyinshi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Mannitol

Q1. Ese Mannitol irakwiriye abarwayi ba diyabete?

Mannitol muri rusange irakwiriye abantu barwaye diyabete, nubwo bisaba gukurikiranwa neza. Bitandukanye n'isukari isanzwe, mannitol ntizahura cyane urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe iyo itanzwe mu buryo bw'urushinge.

Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizajya rigenzura isukari yo mu maraso yawe kenshi mugihe cy'ubuvuzi, cyane cyane niba urwaye diyabete. Bazahindura imiti yawe ya diyabete niba bibaye ngombwa kugira ngo bafashe impinduka zose zigaragara mu mirire yawe cyangwa mu kunywa.

Impinduka z'amazi ziva muri mannitol rimwe na rimwe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo imiti yawe ya diyabete ikora, bityo gukurikiranwa hafi bifasha kumenya neza ko ibibazo byombi bivurwa neza.

Q2. Nzakora iki niba mbonye mannitol nyinshi mu buryo butunganye?

Ntushobora kubona mannitol nyinshi mu buryo butunganye kuko itangwa gusa n'abakozi b'ubuzima babihuguriwe mu buryo bugenzurwa. Ariko, niba uhuye n'ingaruka zikomeye, itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rizahita rihindura ubuvuzi bwawe.

Ibimenyetso bya mannitol nyinshi birimo kumagara cyane, kugabanuka gukomeye kw'umuvuduko w'amaraso, cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye by'amashanyarazi. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rirabikurikirana buri gihe kandi rizahagarika umuti niba bibaye ngombwa.

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bidasanzwe nk'izunguruka rikomeye, kuribwa mu gituza, cyangwa guhumeka bigoye, bimenyeshe umuforomo wawe ako kanya. Bashobora gusuzuma vuba niba urugero rwawe rugomba guhindurwa.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciwe urugero rwa Mannitol?

Ntushobora gucikwa urugero rwa mannitol kuko rutangwa buri gihe binyuze mu murongo wa IV mu bitaro. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rigenzura igihe n'umubare wawo wakiriye.

Niba hari ikidashize mu murongo wawe wa IV cyangwa niba imiti igomba guhagarikwa by'agateganyo, itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizafata iya mbere mu kongera kuyitangira mu buryo bwizewe. Bazareba niba ukeneye kwishyura imiti iyo ari yo yose yabuze.

Uburyo bwawe bwo kuvurwa burahora bugenzurwa kandi buhindurwa bitewe n'uburyo ubyitwaramo, bityo inzitizi zose zicungwa mu buryo bw'umwuga kugirango umutekano wawe wizerwe.

Q4. Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Mannitol?

Muganga wawe azahita afata icyemezo cyo guhagarika mannitol bitewe n'uko urwaye urushaho gukira n'ibisubizo by'ibizamini. Ubusanzwe uzahagarara igihe ubwonko bwawe bugabanuka cyangwa imikorere y'impyiko zawe ikongera ku buryo utakigomba imiti.

Icyemezo kirimo kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe, ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ubwonko, umusaruro w'inkari, na chimie y'amaraso. Muganga wawe ashaka ibimenyetso byerekana ko umubiri wawe ushobora gukomeza kugenzura amazi neza adafashijwe na mannitol.

Guhagarika mubisanzwe bibaho buhoro buhoro aho kuba byose icyarimwe, bigatuma umubiri wawe wimenyereza. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakomeza kugukurikiranira hafi nyuma yo guhagarika kugirango ryemeze ko uburwayi bwawe buguma butajegajega.

Q5. Mannitol ishobora guteza ibibazo by'igihe kirekire?

Iyo ikoreshejwe neza mu gihe gito, mannitol ntigira ibibazo by'igihe kirekire. Ariko, gukoresha igihe kirekire cyangwa urugero rwinshi rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera kwangirika kw'impyiko cyangwa kutaringanira kwa electrolyte.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rigabanya ibi byago rikoresha urugero rworoshye rukora mu gihe gito gishoboka. Nanone bagenzura imikorere y'impyiko zawe n'urwego rwa electrolyte mu gihe cyose cyo kuvurwa.

Abantu benshi barakira neza nyuma yo kuvurwa na mannitol nta ngaruka zirambye. Impinduka zose z'agateganyo mu mikorere y'impyiko cyangwa imiterere ya elctrolyte mubisanzwe zikemuka igihe umuti uhagaritswe kandi umubiri wawe ukisubiza uko wari umeze.