Maraviroc ni iki: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Maraviroc ni umuti wandikirwa n'abaganga wagenewe kuvura indwara ya SIDA mu bantu bakuru. Ubarizwa mu cyiciro cyihariye cy'imiti ya SIDA yitwa CCR5 antagonists, ikora mu buryo butandukanye n'indi miti ya SIDA kuko yugara umuryango wihariye SIDA ikoresha kugira ngo yinjire mu turemangingo twawe dukora ubudahangarwa.

Uyu muti ntabwo uvura SIDA, ariko ushobora kuba igikoresho gikomeye mu buryo uvurwamo. Iyo ukoreshejwe nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi buhuriweho n'indi miti ya SIDA, maraviroc ifasha kugenzura virusi kandi igashyigikira ubushobozi bw'umubiri wawe bwo gukomera.

Maraviroc ni iki?

Maraviroc ni umuti urwanya virusi ugamije by'umwihariko uburyo SIDA yinjira mu turemangingo twawe twa CD4. Tekereza nk'urufunguzo rwihariye rubuza SIDA gukoresha imwe mu nzira zayo z'ingenzi zo kwinjira mu turemangingo twawe dukora ubudahangarwa.

Bitandukanye n'indi miti myinshi ya SIDA ikora nyuma yuko virusi imaze kwandura mu turemangingo twawe, maraviroc ikora mu ntangiriro y'inzira yo kwandura. Ikomanga CCR5 receptor, isa n'umuryango ubwoko bumwe bwa SIDA bukoresha kugira ngo bwinjire mu turemangingo twawe dukora ubudahangarwa.

Uyu muti ukoreshwa buri gihe hamwe n'indi miti ya SIDA, ntabwo ukoreshwa wenyine. Muganga wawe azagusaba kuwufata nk'igice cy'icyo bita ubuvuzi buhuriweho burwanya virusi, cyangwa cART, ikoresha imiti myinshi kugira ngo igabe ibitero kuri SIDA mu buryo butandukanye.

Maraviroc ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Maraviroc ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara ya HIV-1 mu bantu bakuru bafite ubwoko bwihariye bwa SIDA yitwa CCR5-tropic virus. Mbere yo kwandika uyu muti, muganga wawe azagomba gupima SIDA yawe kugira ngo arebe ko ari ubwoko bukwiye bwa maraviroc ishobora kugabaho ibitero neza.

Uyu muti ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa ku yindi miti ya HIV. Niba ubuvuzi bwawe bwa HIV butagukorera neza nkuko bikwiye, cyangwa wagerageje uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura ntibigende neza, maraviroc ishobora gutanga inzira nshya yo kugabanya virusi.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutekereza gukoresha maraviroc niba utangiye kuvurwa HIV ku nshuro ya mbere, cyane cyane niba ibizamini byerekana ko ufite CCR5-tropic HIV. Ariko, ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku barwayi bafite uburambe mu kuvurwa bakeneye izindi nzira.

Maraviroc ikora ite?

Maraviroc ikora nk'umuti wa HIV ukomeye mu gice, ikabuza inzira yihariye HIV ikoresha kugirango yanduze selile zawe. Ifatwa nk'ubuvuzi bugamije kuko bwibanda ku buryo bumwe bwo kwandura kwa HIV.

Iyo HIV igerageza kwinjira muri selile zawe za CD4, igomba kwifatanya n'ibice byihariye kuri selile. Maraviroc yihariye ibuza CCR5 receptor, ibuza CCR5-tropic HIV kwinjira no kwandura neza selile zawe zikingira indwara.

Iyi ngamba yo kubuza ibera hanze ya selile zawe, bituma maraviroc idasanzwe mu miti ya HIV. Indi miti myinshi ya HIV ikora imbere muri selile nyuma yo kwandura, ariko maraviroc ihagarika inzira yo kwandura mbere yuko itangira.

Uburyo uyu muti ukora neza biterwa niba HIV yawe ari CCR5-tropic. Abantu bamwe bafite CXCR4-tropic HIV cyangwa dual-tropic HIV, bakoresha inzira zitandukanye zo kwinjira maraviroc itashobora kubuza.

Nkwiriye gufata Maraviroc nte?

Maraviroc akenshi ifatwa nk'ikibahasha kabiri ku munsi, hamwe cyangwa nta funguro. Urashobora kuyifata n'amazi, amata, cyangwa umutobe - icyo cyose wumva cyoroheye igifu cyawe.

Gufata maraviroc hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibibazo byose byo mu gifu, nubwo bitabaye ngombwa. Abantu bamwe basanga kuyifata hamwe n'akaboga gato cyangwa ifunguro byoroshya kwibuka no korohereza sisitemu yabo yo mu gifu.

Igihe cyo gufata imiti yawe ni ingenzi kurusha icyo uryana na yo. Gerageza gufata imiti yawe mu gihe kiri hagati y'amasaha 12 kandi mu gihe kimwe buri munsi. Ibi bifasha kugumisha urugero rwawo mu mubiri wawe.

Niba ufata indi miti ya virusi itera SIDA, uzakenera guhuza igihe cyo kuyifata na maraviroc. Imiti imwe na imwe igomba gufatirwa icyarimwe, mu gihe indi ikora neza iyo itandukanye. Umufashamyi wawe mu by'imiti ashobora kugufasha gukora gahunda ikora neza n'indi miti ufata.

Nzagomba Gufata Maraviroc Igihe Kingana Gite?

Maraviroc akenshi ni umuti ufata igihe kirekire uzajya ufata igihe cyose ukomeje kugira akamaro mu kugenzura virusi itera SIDA yawe. Abantu benshi basubiza neza ku miti irimo maraviroc bayifata itagira iherezo nk'igice cy'imiti yabo ikomeza ya virusi itera SIDA.

Muganga wawe azajya akurikirana urugero rwa virusi yawe buri gihe kugira ngo arebe niba maraviroc ikora neza. Niba urugero rwa virusi yawe ruguma rutagaragara kandi umubare wawe wa CD4 ukaguma uhamye cyangwa ukazamuka, birashoboka ko uzakomeza kuyifata.

Igihe cyo kuvurwa kandi giterwa n'uko wihanganira umuti n'niba virusi itera SIDA yawe iguma ari CCR5-tropic. Virusi itera SIDA y'abantu bamwe ishobora guhinduka uko igihe kigenda, bishobora gutuma itihanganira maraviroc cyangwa igahindukira gukoresha inzira zitandukanye zo kwinjira.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata maraviroc utabanje kubiganiraho na muganga wawe. Guhagarika imiti ya virusi itera SIDA mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutuma virusi yongera kwiyongera kandi bishobora gutuma urwanya imiti.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara bya Maraviroc?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, maraviroc ishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ibikorwa bigaragara byinshi ni bike cyangwa biringaniye kandi akenshi birakosoka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti.

Dore ibikorwa bigaragara bisanzwe ushobora guhura na byo, kandi ni byiza kumenya icyo witegura kugira ngo ushobore kubiganiraho n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi:

• Uburwayi bwo mu nda no kuruka
• Impiswi cyangwa imyanda yoroshye
• Umutwe
• Umunaniro cyangwa kumva unaniwe
• Urugero, cyane cyane iyo uhagaze
• Kugorana gusinzira
• Urubavu rw'imitsi cyangwa kubabara mu ngingo
• Impinduka mu rwego rwo kurya

Ibi bimenyetso rusange bikunze kugabanuka mu byumweru bike bya mbere by'ubuvuzi. Niba bikomeje cyangwa bikabangamira ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, muganga wawe ashobora gutanga ingamba zo gufasha kubicunga.

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunze kubaho ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Ibi birimo ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima nk'uruhu rw'umuhondo cyangwa amaso, kubabara bikabije mu nda, cyangwa umunaniro udasanzwe utagabanuka iyo uruhutse.

Abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri, bishobora kurimo uruhu, gucuruka, kubyimba, cyangwa kugorana guhumeka. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya.

Hariho kandi ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zitajegajega ariko zikomeye muganga wawe azakurikirana binyuze mu igeragezwa ry'amaraso risanzwe no kugenzura. Ibi bishobora kurimo impinduka mu mikorere y'umwijima wawe, ibibazo by'umutima, cyangwa indwara zidasanzwe.

Ninde utagomba gufata Maraviroc?

Maraviroc ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba ari wo mwanzuro ukwiriye kubera imiterere yawe. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukugira CCR5-tropic HIV, kuko umuti ntuzakora ku zindi miterere ya HIV.

Abantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye by'umwijima bakwiriye gukoresha maraviroc bafite ubwitonzi cyangwa bakayirinda rwose. Kubera ko umuti ukoreshwa binyuze mu mwijima wawe, indwara y'umwijima ihari irashobora gutuma umubiri wawe ugorana gukoresha umuti mu buryo bwizewe.

Niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima, cyane cyane ibyo bireba umutima wawe, muganga wawe azakenera gupima neza inyungu n'ibibazo. Maraviroc rimwe na rimwe irashobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umutima, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ibibazo by'umutima byari bisanzweho.

Ibi ni ibihe bishobora gutuma maraviroc itakwemerera, kandi muganga wawe azaganira kuri ibi bintu nawe mugihe cyo kugusuzuma:

• Uburwayi bwa HIV bwa CXCR4-tropic cyangwa dual-tropic
• Uburwayi bukomeye bw'umwijima cyangwa kunanirwa kw'umwijima
• Uburwayi bumwe na bumwe bwo gutera k'umutima
• Uburwayi bukomeye bw'impyiko
• Gusama (amakuru make y'umutekano arahari)
• Konsa
• Imyaka iri munsi ya 18 (ntibwemerewe gukoreshwa kubana)

Muganga wawe azatekereza kandi ku zindi imiti ufata, kuko imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora guhura na maraviroc muburyo butuma itagira akamaro cyangwa ikongera ingaruka zayo.

Niba ufite amateka yo kwiheba cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mumutwe, muganga wawe azakugenzura cyane, kuko abantu bamwe bahura n'imihindagurikire y'amarangamutima mugihe batangira imiti mishya ya HIV.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Maraviroc

Maraviroc iboneka munsi y'izina ry'ubwoko rya Selzentry muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika na Celsentri mubindi bihugu byinshi. Byombi birimo ibintu bimwe bikora kandi bikora kimwe.

Umuti uza muma tableti ya 150mg na 300mg, kandi muganga wawe azagena imbaraga zikwiye zishingiye ku zindi miti ufata n'ibyo ukeneye. Gupima birashobora gutandukana bitewe n'indi miti ya HIV urimo gufata.

Ubundi bwoko bwa maraviroc bushobora kuboneka mubice bimwe na bimwe, ariko ubwoko bw'amazina buracyakoreshwa cyane. Umufarumasiti wawe ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa icyo gihugu cyawe gifite.

Uburyo bwa Maraviroc

Niba maraviroc itagukwiriye, hariho ubundi buryo bwinshi bwa imiti ya HIV. Uburyo bwiza buterwa n'ubwoko bwawe bwihariye bwa HIV, amateka yawe yo kuvurwa, n'uburyo wubahirije neza izindi miti.

Izindi miti yo kwinjira zirimo enfuvirtide, nubwo itangwa n'urushinge kandi ntikoreshwa cyane uyu munsi. Akenshi, muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza ku bice bya integrase strand transfer inhibitors nka dolutegravir cyangwa raltegravir.

Inzitiramugese nka darunavir cyangwa atazanavir zihagarariye ubundi bwoko bw'imiti ya HIV ikora ikoresheje uburyo butandukanye. Izi zishobora kuba izindi nzira nziza niba ufite HIV ya CXCR4 idashobora gusubiza kuri maraviroc.

Inzitiramugese zitari za nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) nka efavirenz cyangwa rilpivirine zitanga ubundi buryo bwo kuvura HIV. Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'uburyo virusi yawe irwanya imiti n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho mugihe ahitamo izindi nzira.

Ese Maraviroc iruta izindi miti ya HIV?

Maraviroc ntabwo ari ngombwa ko iruta cyangwa ikarushwa n'indi miti ya HIV - iratandukanye gusa kandi ifite agaciro cyane kubibazo byihariye. Umuti wa HIV "mwiza" ni uwo ukora neza cyane kubibazo byawe bwite.

Ugereranije n'imiti mishya ya HIV, maraviroc isaba gukoreshwa kabiri kumunsi, ibintu abantu bamwe basanga bitaboroheye kuruta uburyo bumwe kumunsi. Ariko, uburyo bwayo bwihariye bwo gukora butuma idasimbuzwa kubibazo bimwe na bimwe byo kuvura.

Kubantu bafite HIV ya CCR5 bafite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya imiti myinshi, maraviroc ishobora kuba umutabazi. Itera HIV kuva kuruhande imiti yindi itagera, bivuze ko akenshi ishobora gukora niyo indi miti itagikora neza.

Uyu muti ukunda kwihanganirwa nabantu benshi, hamwe n'ingaruka ziterwa zikunze gucungwa. Abantu bamwe bakunda maraviroc kuko itera zimwe mungaruka zisanzwe zifitanye isano n'andi mashuri y'imiti ya HIV.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Maraviroc

Ese Maraviroc irakwiriye kubantu barwaye indwara y'umwijima?

Maraviroc isaba gutekerezwa neza niba urwaye indwara y'umwijima. Abantu bafite ibibazo byoroheje by'umwijima akenshi bashobora gufata maraviroc bakurikiranwa neza, ariko abafite indwara ikomeye y'umwijima bashobora kuyirinda rwose.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibizamini bya buri gihe byo kureba uko umwijima wawe ukoresha imiti. Niba ufite hepatite B cyangwa C hamwe na virusi itera SIDA (VIH), imikorere y'umwijima wawe irushaho kuba ingenzi cyane kuyikurikirana.

Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima birimo umuhondo w'uruhu rwawe cyangwa amaso, inkari z'umukara, imyanda y'amara y'umweru, cyangwa kuribwa mu nda bihoraho. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye Maraviroc nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyweye maraviroc nyinshi kuruta uko byategetswe, ntugahungabane, ariko vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe ubumara kugira ngo baguhe ubujyanama. Kunywa doze zinyongera birashobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti nko kuribwa umutwe, isesemi, cyangwa guhinduka kw'umuvuduko w'umutima.

Ntuzigere ugerageza "gukosora" doze yarenze urugero uruka doze ikurikira. Ahubwo, garuka ku gahunda yawe isanzwe yo kunywa imiti nk'uko byategetswe na muganga wawe.

Niba urimo guhura n'ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'ingorane zo guhumeka, kuribwa mu gituza, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge, shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ako kanya. Bika urupapuro rw'umuti hamwe nawe kugira ngo abaganga babone neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyimye doze ya Maraviroc?

Niba wanyimye doze ya maraviroc, yinywe ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyo kunywa doze yawe ikurikira kigeze. Muri icyo gihe, reka doze wanyimye ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere unywa doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo ukosore doze wanyimye. Ibi birashobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti bitagize icyo byongera ku nyungu.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa doze, tekereza gushyiraho alarme kuri terefone, gukoresha igikoresho cyo gutegura imiti, cyangwa kubaza umufarumasiti wawe ibikoresho byo kwibutsa. Kunywa imiti buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo VIH yawe igumane mu rugero.

Nshobora kureka kunywa Maraviroc ryari?

Ntabwo wagombye guhagarika gufata maraviroc utabanje kubiganiraho na muganga wawe. Imiti ivura SIDA ikora neza iyo ifashwe buri gihe, kandi kuyihagarika mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutuma virusi yongera kwiyongera no guteza imbere ubwirinzi.

Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza guhindura umuti wawe niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zitihanganirwa, niba SIDA yawe igaragaza ubwirinzi kuri maraviroc, cyangwa niba hari ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bwiza bubonetse ku bijyanye n'ikibazo cyawe.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhindura uburyo bwo kuvura SIDA uko igihe kigenda gihita, ariko iki cyemezo kigomba gufatwa buri gihe hagamijwe ubufatanye n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi ishingiye ku gipimo cya virusi yawe, umubare wa CD4, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ese Maraviroc Ishobora Gukururana n'Ibindi Binyobwa?

Yego, maraviroc ishobora gukururana n'indi miti myinshi, ni yo mpamvu muganga wawe akeneye kumenya ibyo urimo gufata byose, harimo imiti itangwa itagomba kwandikwa na muganga, ibyongerera imbaraga, n'ibicuruzwa by'ibyatsi.

Imiti imwe ishobora kongera urwego rwa maraviroc mu maraso yawe, bishobora gutera izindi ngaruka nyinshi. Ibindi bishobora kugabanya urwego rwa maraviroc, bituma itagira akamaro mu kurwanya SIDA.

Muganga wawe ashobora gukenera guhindura urugero rwa maraviroc niba urimo gufata imiti imwe nka antibiyotike zimwe, imiti irwanya imyungu, cyangwa imiti ivura indwara zo mu mutwe. Buri gihe banuza umufarumasiti wawe mbere yo gutangira gufata indi miti mishya mu gihe ufata maraviroc.