Mefloquine ni iki: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Mefloquine ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga uvura malariya, ufasha gukumira no kuvura malariya, indwara ikomeye yandurira mu mibu. Uyu muti ukora ugamije kwica imisemburo ya malariya mu maraso yawe, bituma uba ingirakamaro cyane ku bashyitsi basura ahantu malariya ikunze kuboneka. Kumva uko mefloquine ikora n'icyo wakwitega bishobora kugufasha kuyikoresha neza kandi neza.

Mefloquine ni iki?

Mefloquine ni umuti uvura malariya wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa quinoline derivatives. Yagenewe by'umwihariko kurwanya imisemburo ya malariya yamaze kwigiriza ubwirinzi ku yindi miti isanzwe ivura malariya nka chloroquine.

Uyu muti umaze gukoreshwa imyaka myinshi mu kurinda abashyitsi no kuvura abarwayi ba malariya ku isi hose. Ifite akamaro cyane kurwanya Plasmodium falciparum, ubwoko bw'imisemburo ya malariya bukomeye bushobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye, byica iyo bitavuwe.

Mefloquine iboneka gusa iyo wandikiwe na muganga. Muganga wawe azagena niba uyu muti ukwiriye bitewe n'aho urugendo rwawe rugana, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'ibintu by'umuntu ku giti cye bigushyira mu kaga.

Mefloquine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Mefloquine ifite impamvu ebyiri z'ingenzi: gukumira malariya mbere yo kurwara no kuvura indwara ya malariya ikiriho. Akenshi, abaganga bayandika nk'urugero rwo gukumira abantu bajya ahantu handuye malariya.

Mu gukumira malariya, ubusanzwe utangira gufata mefloquine mbere yo kwinjira muri zone ya malariya. Ibi bituma umuti ugira igihe cyo kwiyongera mu maraso yawe, ukarema urukingo rurinda imisemburo mbere y'uko imibu igira amahirwe yo kukwanduza.

Abaganga bakoresha kandi mefloquine mu kuvura abarwayi ba malariya bafashwe, cyane cyane iyo udukoko twa malariya twanze imiti yindi ivura malariya. Mu gihe cyo kuvura, uyu muti ukora kugira ngo ukure udukoko twa malariya mu mubiri wawe kandi wirinde ko ubwandu bujya mu byiciro bikomeye.

Mefloquine ikora ite?

Mefloquine ifatwa nk'umuti uvura malariya ukomeye mu rugero ruciriritse, uhungabanya ubushobozi bw'udukoko twa malariya bwo kubaho no kwiyongera mu ntungamubiri zawe. Ikomeretsa uburyo udukoko twa malariya twisungura, mu by'ukuri tukabuza intungamubiri dukeneye kugira ngo tubashe gukura.

Uyu muti wibanda mu ntungamubiri zawe, aho udukoko twa malariya dusanzwe bihishe kandi twiyongera. Iyo ugeze aho, mefloquine irinda udukoko twa malariya gusenya hemoglobin, poroteyine dukeneye kugira ngo tubashe kubaho no gukura.

Ubu buryo bwihariye butuma mefloquine ikora neza ku bwoko bwa malariya bwanze imiti yindi, bwize uburyo bwo kubaho ku miti yindi ivura malariya. Uyu muti uguma ukora mu mubiri wawe mu byumweru byinshi, utanga uburinzi buhoraho kabone n'iyo uhagaritse kuwufata.

Nkwiriye gufata mefloquine nte?

Fata mefloquine nk'uko umuganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe mu cyumweru ku munsi umwe buri cyumweru. Mimina ikinini cyose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi, kandi ujye ugifatira hamwe n'ibiryo kugira ngo ugabanye kuribwa mu nda kandi wongere imitsi y'umubiri.

Mugukingira malariya, ubusanzwe utangira gufata mefloquine mu byumweru 1-2 mbere yo kujya ahantu harangwa na malariya. Iki gihe gituma umuti ugera ku rwego rwo kurinda mu maraso yawe mbere yo guhura n'imibu yanduye.

Hitamo ifunguro rikomeye iyo ufata mefloquine, kuko ibiryo bifasha cyane umubiri wawe kwinjiza neza uyu muti. Irinde kuwufata mu gifu cyambaye ubusa, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kuruka no kugabanya imikorere y'uyu muti.

Niba urimo gufata mefloquine yo kuvura aho kuyirinda, muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye ashobora gutandukana n'igihe gisanzwe cyo kuyirinda. Doses zo kuvura akenshi ziba nyinshi kandi zifatwa kenshi kurusha doses zo kurinda.

Nzamara Mefloquine igihe kingana iki?

Mu kurinda malariya, mubisanzwe uzakomeza gufata mefloquine mu byumweru 4 umaze kuva mu gace ka malariya. Iki gihe cyongerewe cyemeza ko parasite zose ushobora kuba warabonye mu minsi yawe ya nyuma yo gutembera zivanwaho mbere yuko zishobora gutera indwara.

Igihe cyose cyo kurinda gikunze kugaragara gutya: tangira mu byumweru 1-2 mbere yo gutembera, ukomeze buri cyumweru mugihe cyose umaze, kandi uyifate mu byumweru 4 byongerewe nyuma yo gutaha. Iki gihe gitanga uburinzi bwuzuye mugihe ushobora kuba warahuye n'indwara.

Niba urimo gufata mefloquine yo kuvura malariya ikora, igihe kizaba kigufi cyane, mubisanzwe iminsi mike gusa. Umuganga wawe azagena igihe nyacyo gishingiye ku miterere yawe yihariye n'uburyo witwara ku buvuzi.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata mefloquine hakiri kare, kabone niyo wumva umeze neza. Parasite za malariya zirashobora kwihisha mu mubiri wawe mu byumweru zitera ibimenyetso, kandi guhagarika imiti kare kare byatuma zigwira kandi zigatera indwara nyuma.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Mefloquine?

Mefloquine irashobora gutera ingaruka zitandukanye kuva ku zoroheje kugeza ku zikomeye, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza iyo bafashwe nkuko byategetswe. Kumva icyo witegura birashobora kugufasha gucunga ingaruka zose no kumenya igihe cyo kuvugana n'umuganga wawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe abantu benshi bahura nazo zirimo:

• Kuruka no kuribwa mu nda
• Umuvumo cyangwa umutwe
• Umutwe
• Kugorana gusinzira cyangwa inzozi zigaragara
• Kunanirwa cyangwa intege nke
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya

Ibi bimenyetso bisanzwe bigenda bikira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti. Gufata mefloquine hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora kugabanya cyane isesemi n'ibibazo byo mu nda.

Ingaruka zikomeye zikeneye ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga kandi zirimo:

• Impinduka zikomeye mu myifatire cyangwa agahinda gakabije
• Ubwoba cyangwa ibitero by'ubwoba
• Urujijo cyangwa kugorana kwitonda
• Kurota cyangwa ibitekerezo bidasanzwe
• Umuzunguruko ukabije cyangwa kubura uburinganire
• Umutima utera nabi
• Kwigana

Izi ngaruka zo mu bwonko n'iz'uburwayi bwo mu mutwe ntizisanzwe ariko zishobora kuba zikomeye. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ushake ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ibimenyetso bidasanzwe ariko bikomeye, harimo ibibazo by'umwijima, ibimenyetso bikomeye byo ku ruhu, cyangwa indwara z'amaraso. Irinde ibimenyetso nk'uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo, ibibara bikomeye, gukomeretsa bidasanzwe, cyangwa umuriro udashira, kandi ushake ubufasha bw'abaganga ako kanya niba bibaye.

Ninde utagomba gufata Mefloquine?

Mefloquine ntigitekanye kuri buri wese, kandi ibibazo by'ubuzima runaka cyangwa ibihe bituma bidakwiriye cyangwa bishobora guteza akaga. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.

Ntugomba gufata mefloquine niba ufite:

• Amateka yo kwigana cyangwa indwara yo kwigana
• Ibibazo bikomeye byo mu mutwe nk'agahinda gakabije, indwara zo mu mutwe, cyangwa psychosis
• Ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa guhagarika umutima
• Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima
• Allergie izwi kuri mefloquine cyangwa imiti isa

Izi ngingo zongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye kandi zishobora gusaba imiti isimbura malariya.

Ubwitange bwihariye bukenewe ku matsinda runaka, harimo:

• Abagore batwite, cyane cyane mu gihembwe cya mbere
• Ababyeyi bonsa
• Abana bari munsi ya 11 pounds (5 kg)
• Abantu bafite ibibazo byoroheje by'umwijima cyangwa impyiko
• Abantu bafata imiti igira ingaruka ku mutima

Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibibazo by'ibihe nk'ibi, ashobora kugusaba gukoresha ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda malariya niba mefloquine itagukwiriye.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Mefloquine

Mefloquine iboneka mu mazina y'ubwoko butandukanye, Lariam ikaba ariyo izwi cyane. Andi mazina y'ubwoko arimo Mephaquin, Mefliam, n'ubundi bwoko butandukanye bitewe n'aho uherereye n'aho ufite farumasi.

Ubwoko bwose burimo umuti umwe ukora kimwe. Guhitamo hagati y'izina ry'ubwoko n'ubwoko rusange akenshi biterwa n'ikiguzi, uko iboneka, n'ubwishingizi bwawe.

Mu gihe ugenda mu mahanga, ushobora guhura n'amazina y'ubwoko butandukanye bwa mefloquine. Buri gihe jya ureba umuganga cyangwa umufarumasiti kugira ngo wemeze ko urimo gufata umuti ukwiye n'urugero rukwiye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbura Mefloquine

Imiti myinshi irwanya malariya ishobora gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo gusimbura mefloquine, buri umwe ufite inyungu zawo n'ibyo ugomba kuzirikana. Umuganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku ho ujya, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'ibyo ukunda.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gusimbura burimo:

• Atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone) - ifatwa buri munsi ifite ingaruka nke ku mikorere y'ubwonko
• Doxycycline - umuti ukomoka kuri antibiyotike urinda na malariya, ifatwa buri munsi
• Chloroquine - ikora neza ahantu hatariho ubwihunzi bw'imiti, ifatwa buri cyumweru
• Primaquine - ikoreshwa mu bihe byihariye, cyane cyane ku bwoko bumwe bwa malariya

Uburyo bwose bufite gahunda yo gufata imiti itandukanye, uko bigaragara ku ngaruka zayo, n'uburyo bikora ku bwoko butandukanye bwa malariya. Abantu bamwe bakunda imiti ifatwa buri munsi nka Malarone kuko byoroshye kwibuka no kureka kuyifata umaze gutaha.

Icyemezo cyiza gishingira ku bintu bitandukanye nk'aho urugendera, igihe uzamara, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'uburyo wihanganira ingaruka zitandukanye. Muganga wawe azatekereza kuri ibyo byose igihe agushakira umuti urwanya malariya ukwiriye kubera uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Ese Mefloquine iruta Doxycycline?

Mefloquine na doxycycline ni imiti irwanya malariya ikora neza, ariko ikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi ifite inyungu zihariye bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Nta na rimwe riruta irindi - icyemezo gishingira ku byo ukeneye n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Mefloquine itanga uburyo bwo gufata umuti rimwe mu cyumweru, abagenzi benshi babona ko byoroshye kwibuka mu ngendo ndende. Ikora kandi ku bwoko bwa malariya idakira ku miti kandi ntongera ubushyuhe bw'izuba nk'uko doxycycline ishobora kubikora.

Doxycycline, ifatwa buri munsi, ishobora gutera ingaruka nke zo mu bwonko kandi akenshi ikundwa n'abantu bafite amateka y'indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa abafite impungenge ku ngaruka za mefloquine zo mu mutwe. Ikindi kandi, akenshi ihendutse kandi iraboneka cyane.

Ariko, doxycycline ishobora gutera kuribwa mu gifu, kongera ubushyuhe bw'izuba, kandi ishobora kubangamira imikorere yo kuboneza urubyaro. Bisaba kandi kuyifata buri munsi, ibyo abantu bamwe babona ko bigoye mu rugendo.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku mateka yawe y'ubuzima, aho urugendera, igihe urugendo ruzamara, n'ibyo ukunda igihe uhitamo hagati y'iyo miti. Yombi akora neza cyane iyo ifashwe neza, bityo icyemezo akenshi gishingira ku ngaruka zayo n'uburyo bwo kuyifata bikora neza ku buzima bwawe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa kuri Mefloquine

Ese Mefloquine ifite umutekano ku ndwara z'umutima?

Mefloquine ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara z'umutima. Niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima, harimo umutima utera nabi, guhagarara kw'umutima, cyangwa amateka y'indwara z'umutima, bwire umuganga wawe mbere yo gufata mefloquine.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gukora electrocardiogram (EKG) mbere yo gutangira gufata mefloquine kugirango arebe imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe. Ashobora kandi gutanga imiti ivura malariya itagira ingaruka ku mutima niba ufite ibibazo bikomeye by'umutima.

N'ubwo utagira ibibazo by'umutima bizwi, genzura ibimenyetso nk'ububabare mu gituza, umutima utera cyane cyangwa nabi, cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye mugihe ufata mefloquine. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza impinduka z'umutima zikeneye ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfata mefloquine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba ufata mefloquine nyinshi bitunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Gufata mefloquine nyinshi bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye, harimo ibimenyetso bikomeye by'imitsi n'ibibazo by'umutima.

Ntugategereze ngo urebe niba wumva umeze neza - ibimenyetso byo kunywa mefloquine nyinshi ntibishobora kugaragara ako kanya ariko bishobora kuba bikomeye iyo bigaragara. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe byo kunywa nyinshi birimo isesemi ikabije, kuruka, isereri, urujijo, n'impinduka z'umutima.

Niba umuntu ataye ubwenge, agira ingorane zo guhumeka, cyangwa agaragaza ibimenyetso by'uburozi bukomeye nyuma yo kunywa mefloquine nyinshi, hamagara serivisi zihutirwa ako kanya. Zana icupa ry'umuti kugirango ufashe abaganga gusobanukirwa neza icyo bafashe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nsubiza urugero rwa mefloquine?

Niba usubije urugero rwa mefloquine buri cyumweru, ifate ako kanya wibukira, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Muricyo gihe, reka urugero wasubije kandi ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe - ntuzigere ufata urugero ebyiri zegeranye.

Kutafata imiti uko bikwiye bishobora kugabanya imbaraga za mefloquine mu kurwanya malariya, bityo gerageza gukurikiza gahunda yawe ya buri cyumweru uko bishoboka kose. Tekereza gushyiraho umwibutso kuri terefone yawe cyangwa gufata umuti ku munsi umwe buri cyumweru kugira ngo bikugiremo urwibutso.

Niba utafashe imiti myinshi cyangwa ukaba wibagirwa kenshi gufata mefloquine, ganira n'umuganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kunoza imikoreshereze y'imiti cyangwa niba hari undi muti urwanya malariya wakwemerera neza mu mibereho yawe.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Mefloquine?

Mu kurwanya malariya, komeza gufata mefloquine mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 4 umaze kuva ahantu hari malariya, kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza rwose. Iki gihe cyongerewe cyemeza ko ibinyabuzima bishobora kuba byarakwiriye mu minsi yawe ya nyuma yo gutembera byarangiye.

Ntukareke gufata mefloquine mbere y'igihe bitewe n'uko ugarutse mu rugo cyangwa wumva umeze neza. Ibinyabuzima bitera malariya bishobora kuguma mu mubiri wawe mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bitagaragaza ibimenyetso, kandi kureka umuti mbere y'igihe bishobora kubatuma bikwirakwiza no gutera indwara nyuma.

Niba ufata mefloquine mu kuvura malariya ikiriho, umuganga wawe azakubwira neza igihe uzahagararira bitewe n'uburyo wabyitwayemo mu kuvurwa n'ibisubizo by'ibizamini byakurikiyeho. Ujye ukora neza umuti wose uko wategetswe, kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza mbere yo kurangiza imiti yose.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga nkanjye mfata Mefloquine?

Ni byiza kugabanya kunywa inzoga mu gihe ufata mefloquine, kuko byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imitsi yawe yo hagati kandi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zirimo isereri, urujijo, n'imihindagurikire y'amarangamutima.

Inzoga kandi irashobora gutuma zimwe mu ngaruka zisanzwe za mefloquine zirushaho kuba nyinshi, harimo isesemi, kubabara umutwe, n'ibibazo byo gusinzira. Niba uhisemo kunywa, bikore mu rugero kandi witondere uko wumva.

Niba wumva ibimenyetso bidasanzwe nyuma yo kunywa inzoga ukoresha mefloquine, nk'izunguruka ry'umutwe rikomeye, urujijo, cyangwa impinduka z'imyitwarire, irinde inzoga rwose kandi ubivugane n'umuganga wawe. Ashobora kugusaba kwirinda inzoga rwose mu gihe ukoresha uyu muti.