Icyo Methyldopa ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Methyldopa ni umuti wandikirwa n'abaganga ukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru (hypertension). Ni umwe mu miti ya kera ivura umuvuduko w'amaraso ikora igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imitsi yawe kugira ngo ifashe imitsi y'amaraso kuruhuka no kwaguka, bigatuma umutima wawe woroherwa no gutera amaraso mu mubiri wawe.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi wizewe n'abaganga, cyane cyane ku bagore batwite bafite umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru, kubera ko byagaragaye ko utagira ingaruka mbi. Ushobora kuwuzi ku mazina y'ubucuruzi nka Aldomet, nubwo ubu ubusanzwe uboneka nk'umuti rusange.

Methyldopa ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Methyldopa ikoreshwa cyane mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru ku bantu bakuru n'abana. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba uyu muti igihe izindi miti ivura umuvuduko w'amaraso itagize icyo ikora kuri wowe cyangwa igihe ukeneye umuti woroshye utagira ingaruka nyinshi.

Uyu muti ni ingenzi cyane ku bagore batwite bafite umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru mu gihe batwite. Ufatwa nk'umwe mu miti ivura umuvuduko w'amaraso itagira ingaruka mbi mu gihe cyo gutwita kuko ntunyura mu mura mu buryo butera ingaruka mbi cyangwa ngo ugire icyo utwara ku mwana ukiri mu nda.

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga bandikira methyldopa mu kuvura izindi ndwara aho kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso ari ingenzi. Izi zirimo ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'impyiko cyangwa indwara z'umutima aho kugumana umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi bifasha kurengera ibice by'umubiri wawe bitangirika.

Methyldopa ikora ite?

Methyldopa ikora igira ingaruka ku kigo kigenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso mu bwonko bwawe. Yigana imisemburo karemano yo mu bwonko yitwa norepinephrine, mu by'ukuri igashuka imitsi yawe y'ubwonko ikibwira ko nta mpamvu yo kugumana umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru.

Bitekereze nk'aho ugabanya ijwi kuri sisitemu y'umubiri wawe igenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso. Iyo methyldopa igeze mu bwonko bwawe, igabanya ibimenyetso bisanzwe bibwira imitsi y'amaraso guhagarara no gukomera, kandi umutima wawe ugakora cyane.

Ibi bifatwa nk'umuti wo hagati wo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ntabwo ukomeye nk'imiti mishya, ariko irakomeye kandi yizewe, ikora buhoro buhoro mu masaha menshi kugira ngo igumane umuvuduko w'amaraso uhamye umunsi wose.

Nkwiriye gufata methyldopa nte?

Fata methyldopa nk'uko muganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi inshuro 2-3 ku munsi hamwe cyangwa hatariho ibiryo. Urashobora kuyifata hamwe n'amata, amazi, cyangwa umutobe - icyo cyose cyumvikana neza mu gifu cyawe.

Birafasha gufata methyldopa mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urwego rwo hejuru mu maraso yawe. Abantu benshi basanga byoroshye kwibuka babyihuza n'ibiryo cyangwa ibindi bikorwa bya buri munsi nk'ukoza amenyo.

Niba wumva umutima utameze neza, gerageza kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amata. Abantu bamwe basanga kurya agasupu gato mbere yo gufata umuti bifasha kwirinda kutamererwa neza mu igogora.

Ntukamenagure cyangwa urume ibinini keretse muganga wawe akubwiye. Bibagire byose hamwe n'amazi menshi kugira ngo wemeze ko bikora neza mu mubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gufata methyldopa igihe kingana iki?

Abantu benshi bafata methyldopa mu mezi cyangwa imyaka myinshi nk'ubuvuzi burambye bwo kuvura umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru. Muganga wawe azagena igihe gikwiye hashingiwe ku buryo umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe witwara neza niba wumva ingaruka zose.

Kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso mubisanzwe ni ukwiyemeza kw'ubuzima bwose, bityo ntugatangazwe niba muganga wawe agusaba gukomeza gufata methyldopa igihe cyose. Ibi ntibisobanura ko hari ikitagenda neza - bisobanura gusa ko umubiri wawe unungukirwa n'inkunga ikomeje uyu muti utanga.

Umuvuzi wawe azajya agenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe buri gihe kandi ashobora guhindura urugero rw'umuti ukoresha cyangwa akaguherereza undi muti niba bibaye ngombwa. Ntukigere uhagarika gufata methyldopa mu buryo butunguranye utabanje kuvugana n'umuganga wawe, kuko ibyo bishobora gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uzamuka cyane.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara Byatewe na Methyldopa?

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, methyldopa ishobora gutera ibikorwa bigaragara, nubwo abantu benshi bahura n'ibibazo bike cyangwa ntacyo. Ibikorwa bigaragara cyane muri rusange biroroshye kandi akenshi birakosoka uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti.

Hano hari ibikorwa bigaragara bishobora kukubaho cyane, cyane cyane mu byumweru byawe bya mbere byo kuvurwa:

• Gusinzira cyangwa kumva unaniwe ku manywa
• Kuribwa umutwe, cyane cyane iyo uhagurutse vuba
• Umunwa wumye cyangwa kumva ufite inyota
• Kuribwa umutwe akenshi bikosoka uko igihe kigenda
• Isesemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Izuru ryazibye cyangwa gufungana
• Ubugwari cyangwa kumva udafite imbaraga nkuko bisanzwe

Ibi bikorwa bigaragara akenshi birashira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti, akenshi mu byumweru 2-4.

Abantu bamwe bahura n'ibikorwa bigaragara bitamenyerewe ariko bikigaragara ko bishobora gucungwa, bishobora gukenera kwitabwaho n'umuganga wawe:

• Guhinduka kw'imikorere yo gusinzira cyangwa kurota inzozi zigaragara
• Kugabanya ubushake bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina
• Kugira agahinda gato cyangwa guhinduka kw'imitekerereze
• Kubyimba mu birenge cyangwa mu bikanu
• Kongera ibiro biturutse ku kwiyongera kw'amazi
• Urubavu rwo mu gituza cyangwa kwiyongera kwacyo
• Kuribwa imitsi cyangwa guhagarara kw'ingingo

Nubwo ibi bikorwa bishobora kuba bibangamira, akenshi ntibiteje akaga kandi bishobora gukosoka hamwe no guhindura urugero rw'umuti.

Ibikorwa bigaragara bidakunze kubaho ariko bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga, nubwo bigira ingaruka ku bantu bake cyane bafata methyldopa:

• Ibibazo bikomeye byo mu mwijima (uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo, inkari z'umukara, umunaniro ukabije)
• Indwara z'amaraso ziteza gukomereka cyangwa kuva amaraso bidasanzwe
• Uburwayi bukomeye bwo kwibasirwa n'umubiri bufite ibimenyetso by'uruhu, kubyimba, cyangwa guhumeka bigoye
• Umunaniro ukabije cyangwa gutekereza kwikomeretsa
• Urubavu rubabaza cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Urugero rukabije cyangwa kugwa igihumure

Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ushake ubufasha bwihutirwa. Wibuke ko ibi bimenyetso bikomeye bidakunze kubaho, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya icyo ugomba kwitaho.

Ninde utagomba gufata Methyldopa?

Methyldopa ntikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi umuganga wawe azatekereza ku buzima bwawe bwose mbere yo kuyandika. Ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe bituma uyu muti ushobora kuba mubi cyangwa udafite akamaro.

Ntugomba gufata methyldopa niba ufite indwara y'umwijima ikora cyangwa amateka y'ibibazo by'umwijima byatewe na methyldopa mu gihe gishize. Umwijima wawe utunganya uyu muti, bityo imikorere myiza y'umwijima ni ngombwa kugira ngo ukoreshe neza.

Abantu bafite umunaniro ukabije cyangwa abafata imiti imwe na imwe ivura umunaniro yitwa MAO inhibitors bagomba kwirinda methyldopa. Uku guhuza bishobora gukomeza umunaniro cyangwa gutera uburyo bwo guhura buteye akaga n'indi miti.

Niba ufite pheochromocytoma (igishyitsi gike cyane cyo mu ngingo ya adrenal), methyldopa ishobora gutera kuzamuka gukomeye k'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Umuganga wawe azapima iki kibazo niba hari icyo ukeka.

Ibindi byiciro bimwe na bimwe bisaba gutekereza neza no gukurikiranwa hafi niba ufata methyldopa:

• Indwara y'impyiko cyangwa imikorere y'impyiko yagabanutse
• Amateka y'urugero cyangwa indwara ya cerebrovascular
• Indwara ya Parkinson cyangwa indwara zo kwimuka
• Indwara y'umutima ikomeye cyangwa kunanirwa k'umutima
• Amateka y'indwara z'amaraso cyangwa anemia
• Indwara z'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri nka lupus

Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibishobora guteza akaga kandi ashobora guhitamo izindi nshuti niba methyldopa itari yo ikwiriye kuri wowe.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Methyldopa

Methyldopa iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubwoko, nubwo abantu benshi bakoresha verisiyo rusange. Izina ry'ubwoko risanzwe ni Aldomet, ryari ryo ryariho mbere igihe umuti watangiraga gukoreshwa.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko ushobora guhura nayo arimo Aldoril (ihuza na hydrochlorothiazide) na verisiyo zitandukanye z'abakora imiti rusange. Uburyo rusange bukora neza kimwe na verisiyo z'amazina y'ubwoko kandi akenshi birahendutse.

Niba ukoresha izina ry'ubwoko cyangwa methyldopa rusange, ibikoresho bikora n'ubushobozi biracyari kimwe. Umuganga wawe w'imiti ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa itandukaniro iryo ariryo ryose ryo kugaragara cyangwa ibikoresho bitagira akamaro niba uhinduye hagati y'abakora.

Izindi nshuti za Methyldopa

Niba methyldopa itagukundiye neza cyangwa ikaba itera ingaruka zitishimira, muganga wawe afite indi miti myinshi yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso yo guhitamo. Buri bwoko bukora mu buryo butandukanye kandi bushobora kuba bukwiye neza kubyo ukeneye.

Abahagarika ACE nka lisinopril cyangwa enalapril akenshi ni izindi nshuti zihitwamo mbere. Bakora binyuze mu kuruhura imitsi y'amaraso kandi akenshi bakoreshwa neza bafite ingaruka nke kurusha methyldopa.

Abahagarika umuyoboro wa kalisiyumu nka amlodipine cyangwa nifedipine batanga indi nzira. Iyi miti irinda kalisiyumu kwinjira mu mutima wawe n'uturemangingo tw'imitsi y'amaraso, bigafasha kuruhuka no kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Abahagarika beta nka metoprolol cyangwa atenolol bigabanya umuvuduko w'umutima wawe kandi bigabanya imbaraga zo gutera k'umutima wawe. Bifasha cyane niba ufite kandi ibibazo by'umuvuduko w'umutima cyangwa wigeze kugira umutima utera.

Diuretics (ibipimo by'amazi) nka hydrochlorothiazide bifasha impyiko zawe gukuraho amazi menshi n'umunyu mu mubiri wawe. Akenshi bihurizwa hamwe n'indi miti yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso kugirango bigere ku miyoborere myiza.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku myaka yawe, izindi ndwara ufite, n'uko witwara ku miti itandukanye mu gihe ahitamo umuti mwiza kuri wowe.

Ese Methyldopa iruta Lisinopril?

Niba methyldopa iruta lisinopril biterwa n'ubuzima bwawe bwite n'uko witwara ku miti yombi. Yombi ni imiti ikora neza igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, ariko ikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi ifite ingaruka zitandukanye.

Lisinopril akenshi ikoreshwa nk'umuti wa mbere kuko akenshi itera ingaruka nke kandi ntiteranya umuntu nk'uko methyldopa ishobora kubikora. Ifatwa kandi rimwe ku munsi, ibintu benshi babona ko byoroshye.

Ariko, methyldopa ifite inyungu mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Ni umuti utekanye cyane mu gihe cyo gutwita, bigatuma ari wo uhitamo ku bagore batwite bafite umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaraso. Ikoreshwa kandi igihe kirekire kandi ifite amateka maremare y'umutekano.

Methyldopa ishobora kuba nziza kuri wowe niba ufite indwara y'impyiko, kuko ikorwa mu buryo butandukanye na lisinopril. Abantu bamwe kandi boroherwa na methyldopa niba baragize ibibazo byatewe na ACE inhibitors nka lisinopril itera inkorora ihoraho.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku mateka yawe yose y'ubuzima, imiti yindi ufata, n'ibyo wifuza mu gihe afata icyemezo cy'umuti mwiza kuri wowe.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Methyldopa

Ese Methyldopa irakara ku ndwara z'umutima?

Yego, methyldopa muri rusange irakara ku bantu bafite indwara z'umutima kandi ishobora no gufasha kurengera umutima wawe mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso. Umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaraso utuma umutima wawe ukora cyane, bityo kuwugenzura na methyldopa bishobora kugabanya umuruho ku mikorere y'imitsi y'umutima.

Ariko, muganga wawe azakugenzura cyane niba ufite indwara y'umutima. Methyldopa rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutera amazi menshi cyangwa ikagira ingaruka ku mutima, bityo kugenzura buri gihe bifasha kureba ko ikora neza kuri wowe itaguteye ibibazo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mfashe methyldopa nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye?

Niba ufata methyldopa nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe ubumara ako kanya, kabone n'iyo wumva umeze neza. Guha umubiri umuti mwinshi bishobora gutera igabanuka ry'amaraso rikomeye, gusinzira cyane, cyangwa intege nke.

Ntugerageze "gukemura" ikibazo cyo gufata umuti mwinshi ureka doze yawe ikurikira. Ahubwo, shakisha ubujyanama bw'abaganga ako kanya. Niba urimo guhura n'ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'uguhumeka bigoye, kuribwa mu gituza, cyangwa gutakaza ubwenge, hamagara serivisi zihutirwa ako kanya.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nsimbukiye doze ya methyldopa?

Niba usimbukiye doze ya methyldopa, yifate ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyo gufata doze yawe ikurikira kigeze. Muri icyo gihe, reka doze wasimbukiye ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntuzigere ufata doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo wuzuze doze wasimbukiye, kuko ibi bishobora gutera igabanuka ry'amaraso cyane. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa doze, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe umuteguro w'imiti kugira ngo ugufashe kuguma ku murongo.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata methyldopa?

Ugomba guhagarika gufata methyldopa gusa ubikore ubisabwe n'umuganga wawe. N'iyo wumva umeze neza kandi igipimo cy'amaraso yawe kisa n'igisanzwe, guhagarara mu buryo butunguranye bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi aho igipimo cy'amaraso yawe kizamuka cyane kurusha mbere.

Umuganga wawe azagabanya buhoro buhoro doze yawe mu byumweru byinshi niba afashe icyemezo cy'uko utakigomba methyldopa. Ubu buryo bwo kugabanya bufasha umubiri wawe guhuza neza kandi birinda ingorane ziterwa n'impinduka zitunguranye mu gipimo cy'amaraso.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba mfata methyldopa?

Ni byiza kugabanya kunywa inzoga niba ufata methyldopa, kuko byombi bishobora kugabanya igipimo cy'amaraso yawe kandi bigatera isereri cyangwa gusinzira. Kubivanga bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugwa cyangwa impanuka.

Niba uhisemo kunywa rimwe na rimwe, bikore mu rugero kandi witondere uko wumva. Tangira n'inzoga nkeya ugereranyije, urebe uko umubiri wawe witwara, kandi wirinde kunywa niba wumva uruka cyangwa unaniwe n'imiti.