Icyo Methylphenidate ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwa dose, ingaruka ziterwa n'ibindi

Methylphenidate ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ufasha kunoza imyumvire no kugabanya imyitwarire idahwitse mu bantu bafite ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Ushobora kuyimenya neza ku mazina y'ubucuruzi nka Ritalin cyangwa Concerta. Uyu muti ukora uhindura buhoro buhoro imisemburo imwe yo mu bwonko kugira ngo ugufashe kumva unonosoye kandi utagira umwanya, bigatuma imirimo ya buri munsi yoroha kuyikora.

Methylphenidate ni iki?

Methylphenidate ni mu itsinda ry'imiti yitwa stimulants ya sisitemu yo hagati y'imitsi. Nubwo yitwa "stimulant," mu by'ukuri igira ingaruka zo gutuza ku bantu bafite ADHD mu gufasha ubwonko bwabo gukora neza. Tekereza nk'igifasha sisitemu y'ubwonko bwawe gukora uko bikwiye.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa neza mu kuvura ADHD mu bana no mu bantu bakuru. Iza mu buryo butandukanye, harimo ibinini bikora ako kanya bikora amasaha make n'ubwoko bwo gukora igihe kirekire bumara umunsi wose. Muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya ubwoko bukora neza ku byo ukeneye byihariye.

Methylphenidate ikoreshwa mu iki?

Methylphenidate ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura ADHD mu bana, urubyiruko, n'abantu bakuru. Ifasha kugabanya ibimenyetso nk'ingorane zo kwibanda, umuvundo, n'imyitwarire idahwitse ishobora kubangamira ishuri, akazi, cyangwa umubano.

Abaganga rimwe na rimwe bandika methylphenidate kuri narcolepsy, uburwayi aho abantu basinzira batunguranye ku manywa. Muri ibyo bihe, umuti ufasha abantu gukomeza kuba maso kandi bazi ibibera mu masaha asanzwe ya ku manywa.

Bitari kenshi, abaganga bashobora gutekereza methylphenidate ku zindi ndwara nko kwiheba bikabije bitarashoboye kuvurwa n'ubundi buryo, ariko ibi ni bike kandi bisaba kugenzurwa na muganga witonze.

Methylphenidate ikora ite?

Methylphenidate ikora yongera urwego rwa dopamine na norepinephrine mu bwonko bwawe. Ibi ni imiti karemano ifasha mu kwitaho, kwibanda, no kugenzura ibitekerezo. Abantu bafite ADHD akenshi baba bafite urwego ruto rw'iyi miti mu duce tumwe tw'ubwonko.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'ukomeye kandi ufitiye akamaro abantu benshi bafite ADHD. Akenshi utangira gukora mu minota 30 kugeza kuri 60 umaze kuwufata, kandi ushobora kubona impinduka mu bushobozi bwawe bwo kwibanda, kwicara utuje, no kurangiza imirimo. Ingaruka zikunda kumara hagati y'amasaha 4 kugeza kuri 12, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'umuti ufashe.

Uyu muti ntukiza ADHD, ariko ushobora kugabanya cyane ibimenyetso igihe ukiri mu mubiri wawe. Abantu benshi basanga bibafasha gukora neza ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri kandi bikongera umubano wabo n'umuryango n'inshuti.

Nkwiriye gufata Methylphenidate nte?

Fata methylphenidate uko muganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi. Abantu benshi bawufata mu gitondo, bafunguye cyangwa batariye, nubwo kuwufata bafunguye bishobora kugabanya ibibazo byo mu nda niba bibaye ikibazo.

Urashobora gufata ibinini byihutirwa hamwe n'amazi, amata, cyangwa umutobe. Niba ufata ibinini bifata igihe kirekire, ubimire byose utabikuje, utabimena cyangwa ngo ubifungure. Ubundi bwoko bufata igihe kirekire burashobora gufungurwa bugashyirwa mu biryo byoroshye nka applesauce niba ugira ikibazo cyo kumira ibinini.

Gerageza gufata umuti wawe mu masaha amwe buri munsi kugirango ugumane urwego ruzigama mu mubiri wawe. Niba uwufata nyuma y'amasaha, bishobora kubangamira ibitotsi byawe, bityo abaganga benshi basaba gufata urugero rwa nyuma byibuze amasaha 6 mbere yo kuryama.

Irinde kunywa inzoga mugihe ufata methylphenidate, kuko bishobora kongera ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti no kugabanya imikorere yawo. Nanone, garagaza urugero rwa caffeine kuva muri kawa, icyayi, cyangwa ibinyobwa bifite imbaraga, kuko iyi mvange ishobora gutuma wumva uhungabanye cyangwa ufite impungenge.

Nkwiriye gufata Methylphenidate igihe kingana iki?

Ubukure bw'imiti ya methylphenidate butandukana cyane ku muntu ku muntu. Abantu benshi bafite ADHD bungukirwa no kuyifata igihe kirekire, rimwe na rimwe imyaka myinshi, kuko ADHD akenshi ni indwara y'ubuzima bwose isaba gukurikiranwa buri gihe.

Muganga wawe azagenzura buri gihe uko urimo utera imbere kandi ashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo guhagarika imiti rimwe na rimwe kugira ngo arebe uko umeze utayifata. Ibi bikunze gukorwa ku bana n'ingimbi, kuko bamwe bashobora kurenga icyo bakeneye imiti uko ubwonko bwabo bukomeza gutera imbere.

Abantu bamwe bafata methylphenidate mu gihe cy'ishuri cyangwa akazi gusa, mu gihe abandi basanga bayikeneye buri gihe. Gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa igomba gushyirwaho hakurikijwe ibimenyetso byawe, imibereho yawe, n'uko umuti ukora neza kuri wowe.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata methylphenidate ako kanya utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Nubwo itagira ububata mu mubiri iyo ikoreshwa nkuko byategetswe, kuyihagarika ako kanya bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byawe bya ADHD bigaruka vuba, ibyo bishobora kubangamira imibereho yawe ya buri munsi.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Methylphenidate?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, methylphenidate ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bahura n'ibibazo bike cyangwa nta bibazo. Kumva icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi kumenya igihe cyo kuvugana n'umuganga wawe.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ni izoroheje kandi akenshi zikemura uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti:

• Kugabanya ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa gutakaza ibiro
• Kugorwa no gusinzira cyangwa kuguma usinziriye
• Umutwe
• Urubu rw'inda cyangwa isesemi
• Kumva uhungabanye cyangwa utuje
• Umuzungero
• Umutima wihuta

Izi ngaruka akenshi zigabanuka nyuma y'ibyumweru bike byo kuvurwa. Niba zikomeje cyangwa zikubangamiye cyane, muganga wawe akenshi ashobora guhindura urugero rwawe cyangwa igihe cyo gufata umuti kugira ngo agabanye izo ngaruka.

Ingaruka zitagaragara cyane ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'abaganga kandi zirimo:

• Uburibwe bwo mu gituza cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Impinduka zikomeye mu myumvire cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwigirira nabi
• Ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri nk'uruhu rurya, kubyimba, cyangwa guhumeka nabi
• Uburibwe bukomeye bwo mu mutwe cyangwa kutabona neza
• Umutsi w'imitsi cyangwa imyitwarire isubiramo

Ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye zirimo kugabanya imikurire ku bana, kongera umuvuduko w'amaraso, kandi mu bihe bidasanzwe cyane, ibibazo bikomeye by'umutima. Muganga wawe azajya akugenzura buri gihe kugira ngo arebe ibi bibazo, cyane cyane iyo ugitangira kuvurwa.

Ninde utagomba gufata Methylphenidate?

Methylphenidate ntibigirira buri wese, kandi muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kukwandikira. Ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe n'imiti birashobora gutuma methylphenidate idakwiriye cyangwa ishobora guteza akaga.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata methylphenidate niba ufite:

• Ibibazo bikomeye by'umutima cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi cyane
• Glaucoma (umuvuduko wiyongereye mu jisho)
• Guhora uhangayitse cyangwa guhagarara umutima
• Amateka yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa inzoga
• Uburwayi bwa Tourette cyangwa tics ikomeye
• Hyperthyroidism (thyroid ikora cyane)

Muganga wawe azitonda kandi mu kwandika methylphenidate niba ufite amateka y'indwara zo mu mutwe nka bipolar disorder cyangwa psychosis, kuko rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma izi ndwara zirushaho.

Imiti imwe na imwe ntijyana neza na methylphenidate, harimo MAO inhibitors (ubwoko bwa antidepressant), imiti ituma amaraso ataguma, n'imiti imwe na imwe ivura ibibazo byo gufatwa. Buri gihe bwire muganga wawe ku miti yose, ibyongerera imbaraga, n'imiti y'ibyatsi urimo gufata.

Abagore batwite kandi bonka bagomba kuganira ku byago n'inyungu n'umuganga wabo, kuko methylphenidate ishobora kujya ku mwana binyuze mu mata kandi ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y'uruhinja.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Methylphenidate

Methylphenidate iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubucuruzi, buri rimwe rifite uburyo butandukanye gato n'uburyo bwo kurekura imiti. Amazina y'ubucuruzi asanzwe arimo Ritalin, Concerta, Metadate, na Daytrana (ubwoko bwa patch yo ku ruhu).

Ritalin ni ubwoko bwo kurekura imiti ako kanya, akenshi ikora amasaha 3 kugeza kuri 4, mugihe Ritalin LA ari ubwoko bwo kurekura imiti igihe kirekire ikora hafi amasaha 8. Concerta ni ubundi buryo bwo kurekura imiti igihe kirekire ishobora kumara amasaha 12, bigatuma ikundwa mu kugenzura ibimenyetso umunsi wose.

Ubwoko bwa generic bwa methylphenidate buraboneka kandi bukora neza nk'ubwoko bw'amazina y'ubucuruzi. Akenshi ntibagura amafaranga menshi kandi birashoboka ko bishyurwa neza n'ubwishingizi. Umufarumasiti wawe ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yuburyo butandukanye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Methylphenidate

Niba methylphenidate itagukundiye cyangwa ikagutera ingaruka zikubangamiye, imiti myinshi isimbura ishobora kuvura ADHD neza. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo kugerageza imiti itandukanye itera imbaraga nka amphetamine-based drugs nka Adderall cyangwa Vyvanse.

Uburyo butera imbaraga harimo atomoxetine (Strattera), ikora mu buryo butandukanye mu bwonko kandi ntigire ubushobozi bwo gukoreshwa nabi. Izindi nzira harimo guanfacine (Intuniv) na clonidine (Kapvay), zifasha cyane abantu bafite umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaraso cyangwa guhangayika.

Abantu bamwe bungukirwa no guhuza imiti cyangwa gukoresha imiti ivura imyitwarire hamwe n'imiti. Gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa igomba gukorwa hakurikijwe ibimenyetso byawe byihariye, imibereho yawe, n'uburyo witwara ku buryo butandukanye.

Ese Methylphenidate iruta Adderall?

Methylphenidate na Adderall ni imiti ivura ADHD neza, ariko bakora mu buryo butandukanye gato kandi bashobora kugira ingaruka ku bantu mu buryo bwihariye. Nta numwe uruta undi, kandi guhitamo neza biterwa n'uburyo witwara n'ibyo ukeneye.

Methylphenidate ikunda kumara igihe gito ikora kandi ishobora guteza ibibazo bicye byo gusinzira ku bantu bamwe. Adderall, irimo amphetamine, akenshi imara igihe kirekire kandi ishobora gukora neza ku bantu bamwe, ariko kandi irashobora gutuma umuntu atagira ubushake bwo kurya cyane no kugira ibibazo byo gusinzira.

Abantu bamwe basubiza neza ku muti umwe kuruta undi, kandi ntibisanzwe ko abaganga bagerageza byombi kugirango barebe uburyo bukora neza. Ibintu nk'igihe cyawe cyo gukora buri munsi, kwihanganira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti, n'uburyo umubiri wawe ukoresha umuti byose bigira uruhare muguhitamo neza.

Umuvuzi wawe azatekereza ibimenyetso byawe byihariye, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, n'imibereho yawe mugihe agufasha guhitamo hagati yiyi miti. Ikintu cyingenzi ni ukubona umuti uguha uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso hamwe n'ingaruka nke.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Methylphenidate

Ese Methylphenidate irinzwe kubantu bafite indwara z'umutima?

Methylphenidate irashobora kongera umuvuduko w'umutima n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, bityo abantu bafite indwara z'umutima bakeneye isuzuma ryitondewe mbere yo gutangira uyu muti. Umuvuzi wawe ashobora gutegeka EKG (igeragezwa ry'umuvuduko w'umutima) kandi ashobora kugisha inama umuganga w'umutima niba ufite ibibazo by'umutima.

Niba ufite ibibazo byoroheje by'umutima, umuvuzi wawe arashobora kwandika methylphenidate hamwe no gukurikiranwa hafi. Ariko, abantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'umutima nko kutagira umuvuduko w'umutima usanzwe, indwara z'umutima, cyangwa umuvuduko w'amaraso mwinshi cyane, akenshi ntibashobora gufata uyu muti mu buryo bwizewe.

Nigute nzakora niba mfashe methylphenidate nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba ufata methylphenidate nyinshi kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana numuvuzi wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya. Gufata nyinshi cyane birashobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye nkumuvuduko wumutima wihuse, umuvuduko mwinshi wamaraso, gutegera, urujijo, cyangwa gufatwa.

Ntugategereze kureba niba ibimenyetso bizagaragara, cyane cyane niba wafashe doze nyinshi cyane kurusha uko usanzwe ufata. Hamagara 911 niba wumva ububabare mu gituza, ugahura n'ingorane zo guhumeka, umutwe ukabije, cyangwa wumva ko ushobora guta ubwenge.

Kugira ngo wirinde gufata doze nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye, bika imiti yawe mu gikoresho cyayo cy'umwimerere hamwe n'inyandiko zisobanutse, kandi ushobora gukoresha umuteguro w'ibipimo niba ufata imiti myinshi.

Nigute nzakora niba nirengagije doze ya Methylphenidate?

Niba wirengagije doze ya methylphenidate ikoreshwa ako kanya, yifate uko wibuka vuba, keretse niba hafi ya doze yawe iteganyijwe. Ntukafate doze ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo wuzuze doze yirengagijwe.

Kubijyanye n'imiti ifata igihe kinini, fata doze yirengagijwe gusa niba bikiri kare ku munsi. Kuyifata nyuma cyane bishobora kubangamira ibitotsi byawe. Niba byamaze kugera ku manywa cyangwa nimugoroba, reka doze yirengagijwe hanyuma usubukure gahunda yawe isanzwe ku munsi ukurikira.

Kwirengagiza doze rimwe na rimwe ntizakugiraho ingaruka, ariko gerageza kugumana gahunda ihamye kugira ngo ugere ku miyoborere myiza y'ibimenyetso. Shyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa ukoreshe porogaramu y'imiti niba ukunda kwibagirwa doze.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Methylphenidate?

Ushobora guhagarika gufata methylphenidate igihe wowe na muganga wawe mwemeje ko bikwiye, bishobora kuba igihe ibimenyetso byawe bigenzurwa neza hakoreshejwe ubundi buryo cyangwa niba uhuye n'ingaruka zikomeye. Abantu bamwe bafata akaruhuko gateganijwe kugira ngo bongere gusuzuma icyo bakeneye imiti.

Abana n'ingimbi rimwe na rimwe ntibakigira icyo bakeneye imiti ya ADHD uko ubwonko bwabo bukomeza kwiyongera. Abantu bakuru bashobora gusanga bashobora gucunga ibimenyetso byabo binyuze mu mpinduka z'imibereho, kuvurwa, cyangwa izindi ngamba nyuma yo gufata imiti igihe gito.

Buri gihe korana n'umuganga wawe kugira ngo ukore gahunda yo guhagarika imiti mu buryo butekanye. Bashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo kugabanya buhoro buhoro doze yawe cyangwa guteganya igihe cyo guhagarika igihe ufite ubufasha bwiyongereye, nk'igihe cy'igihe gito kidafite umunaniro mwinshi.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba mfata Methylphenidate?

Ni byiza kwirinda inzoga igihe ufata methylphenidate, kuko inzoga ishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi kandi igatuma imiti itagira akamaro. Ubu buryo bushobora kandi gutuma bigorana gupima urugero wanyweyeho, bishobora gutera ibibazo biteje akaga.

Niba rimwe na rimwe unywa inzoga, biganireho na muganga wawe. Ashobora kugugira inama yo kwirinda inzoga rwose cyangwa akaguha amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye igihe n'urugero rishingiye ku miterere yawe bwite n'igihe ufata imiti.

Wibuke ko inzoga ishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bya ADHD birushaho kuba bibi nk'ubushobozi buke bwo kwifata no kugorana kwitonda, bishobora guhangana n'akamaro ubona ku miti yawe.