Ni iki Morphine (Uburyo bwo kunywa): Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Morphine ni umuti ukomeye uvura ububabare wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa opioids. Ni umwe mu miti ikora cyane ivura ububabare bukomeye, cyane cyane iyo ibindi byavura ububabare bitatanze umuti uhagije. Muganga wawe yandika morphine yo kunywa iyo ukeneye kugenzura ububabare bukomeye kandi buhoraho butashobora gucungwa n'imiti yoroheje.

Morphine ni iki?

Morphine ni umuti ukomeye uvura ububabare wa opioid ukurwa mu gihingwa cy'umunyinya. Ikora ihindura uburyo ubwonko bwawe n'imitsi y'imitsi byitwara ku bimenyetso by'ububabare, mu by'ukuri igabanya sisitemu y'ububabare bwawe. Uyu muti wakoreshejwe neza mu buvuzi mu myaka irenga 200 kandi uracyari kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi abaganga bafite mu gucunga ububabare bukomeye.

Uburyo bwo kunywa morphine buza mu bwoko butandukanye, harimo ibinini bikora ako kanya bikora vuba n'imiti ikora igihe kirekire itanga umuti urambye. Muganga wawe azahitamo ubwoko bukwiye bushingiye ku buryo ububabare bwawe buteye n'ibikenewe byawe by'ubuvuzi.

Morphine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Morphine yandikirwa ububabare bukomeye busaba kuvurwa umunsi ku wundi hamwe n'umuti ukomeye wa opioid. Ibi mubisanzwe birimo ububabare buturuka ku ndwara zikomeye, kubagwa gukomeye, cyangwa ibikomere bitera kutumva neza.

Ibyo bikorwa bisanzwe aho abaganga bandika morphine yo kunywa birimo gucunga ububabare buturuka kuri kanseri, indwara zidakira zikomeye nka arthrite ikomeye, gukira nyuma yo kubagwa iyo imiti ivura ububabare itahagije, n'ibikomere bikomeye bitera ububabare bukomeye buri gihe. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba morphine ariyo nziza kuri wowe.

Birakwiye kwitonderwa ko morphine ikoreshwa gusa mu bihe inyungu ziruta cyane ibyago. Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'uburemere bw'ububabare bwawe, uko bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, niba izindi nshuti zafashije mbere yo kugusaba uyu muti.

Morphine ikora ite?

Morphine ikora yifatanya n'utunyangingo twihariye mu bwonko bwawe no mu mugongo bita opioid receptors. Iyo yifatanyije n'utwo tunyangingo, ibuza ibimenyetso by'ububabare kugera mu bwonko bwawe kandi igahindura uburyo ubwonko bwawe busobanura ubutumwa bw'ububabare.

Bitekereze nk'uko uhindura ijwi ry'ibimenyetso by'ububabare bigenda mu mikaya yawe. Morphine mu by'ukuri igabanya ijwi ku buryo ububabare bukomeye burushaho kuba bworoshye. Ubu buryo kandi bugira ingaruka ku duce tw'ubwonko bwawe bufite aho buhuriye n'amarangamutima, ni yo mpamvu abantu benshi bumva borohewe kandi batagira umujinya mwinshi ku bubabare bwabo iyo bafata morphine.

Nk'umuti ukomeye wa opioid, morphine irusha imbaraga cyane imiti igurishwa itagomba uruhushya cyangwa imiti yoroheje yandikwa na muganga. Iyi mbaraga ituma ifasha cyane ku bubabare bukomeye, ariko nanone bisaba gukurikiranwa no kugenzurwa na muganga witonze.

Nkwiriye gufata morphine nte?

Fata morphine nk'uko muganga wawe abitegeka, ukurikiza amabwiriza yihariye kuri labeli y'umuti wawe. Ntukigere uhindura urugero wenyine, niyo wumva ububabare bwawe butagenzurwa neza cyangwa niba utekereza ko ukeneye umuti muto.

Ushobora gufata morphine hamwe cyangwa utaranye n'ibiryo, ariko kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo bishobora gufasha kugabanya isesemi niba ubyumva. Niba ufata morphine irekura buhoro, mimina ibinini cyangwa amavuta yose atarimo kubikubagura, kubikuramo, cyangwa kubihekenya. Gukubura ibintu birekura buhoro bishobora gutuma umuti mwinshi utekereza ko usohoka icyarimwe.

Kuva morphine ikoreshwa ako kanya, ubusanzwe uyifata buri masaha 4 kugeza kuri 6 uko bikwiye kubera ububabare. Ubwoko bwo gukoresha igihe kirekire busanzwe bufatwa buri masaha 8 kugeza kuri 12. Muganga wawe azagutangirira ku gipimo gito gishoboka kandi ashobora kugihindura buhoro buhoro bitewe n'uko ububabare bwawe bugenzurwa neza n'uko wihanganira umuti.

Buri gihe koresha igikoresho gipima kiza hamwe na morphine y'amazi niba wandikiwe umuti wo kunywa. Ibiyiko byo mu rugo ntibikorana neza mu gupima imiti kandi bishobora gutuma ufata byinshi cyangwa bike.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Iki Ndafatira Morphine?

Igihe uzamara ufata morphine giterwa n'uburwayi bwawe n'uko umubiri wawe witwara ku buvuzi. Abantu bamwe barayikeneye mu minsi mike nyuma yo kubagwa, mu gihe abandi bafite indwara zidakira bashobora gukenera kuvurwa igihe kirekire bakurikiranwa na muganga.

Muganga wawe azajya agenzura buri gihe niba morphine ikiri uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ububabare bwawe. Bazatekereza ibintu nk'uko bigenzura neza ibimenyetso byawe, ingaruka zose ubona, niba indwara yawe yongera ubuzima cyangwa ihinduka.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata morphine ako kanya niba warayikoreshaga buri gihe, n'iyo wumva umeze neza. Guhagarika ako kanya bishobora gutera ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho bitaryoshye. Muganga wawe azakora gahunda yo kugabanya buhoro buhoro urugero rwawe igihe kigeze cyo guhagarika umuti, akemeza ihumure ryawe n'umutekano mu gihe cyose cy'inzira.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Morphine?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, morphine ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo atari buri wese uzibona. Kumva icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi kumenya igihe cyo kuvugana n'umuganga wawe.

Ibimenyetso rusange bishobora kukubaho harimo gusinzira, isesemi, kubura umwanya, isereri, n'umunwa wumye. Ibi bimenyetso mubisanzwe bigaragara cyane iyo utangiye gufata morphine cyangwa iyo urugero rwongerewe, kandi akenshi biragenda bikemuka uko umubiri wawe ukimenyereza umuti.

Dore ibimenyetso bigaragara byashyizwe mu matsinda bitewe n'uko bikunda kubaho:

Ibyiciro rusange (bigira ingaruka ku bantu benshi):

• Gusinzira cyangwa kumva ushaka gusinzira
• Isememi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Kubura umwanya
• Isereri cyangwa kumva umutwe urimo
• Umunwa wumye
• Kuvuza ibyuya
• Umutwe

Ibyiciro bitagaragara cyane ariko bikwiye kwitonderwa:

• Kuruka
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Kuvurungana cyangwa kugorwa no kwibuka
• Impinduka z'imitekerereze
• Kugorwa no kwihagarika
• Uruhu rurya cyangwa amabara ku ruhu
• Ibibazo byo gusinzira

Ibyiciro bikomeye (bidakunze kubaho ariko bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga):

• Kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa guhumeka gake
• Gusinzira cyane cyangwa kugorwa no gukomeza kuba maso
• Urubavu rubabaza cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi bw'umubiri (amabara, kubyimba, kugorwa no guhumeka)
• Kurota cyangwa kuvurungana cyane
• Ibimenyetso by'umuvuduko muke w'amaraso (guta umutwe, isereri rikomeye)

Ibyiciro byinshi bigaragara birashobora gucungwa neza hakoreshejwe ubujyanama bw'abaganga. Muganga wawe ashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo kugabanya kutumva neza, nko gufata umuti hamwe n'ibiryo kubera isesemi cyangwa gukoresha imiti yoroshya umwanya. Jya uhora utanga raporo y'ibimenyetso byose bibangamiye umuganga wawe vuba.

Ninde utagomba gufata Morphine?

Morphine ntirinzwe kuri buri wese, kandi hariho ibihe byihariye aho muganga wawe atazayandika cyangwa azakoresha ubushishozi bukabije. Umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kugusaba uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata morphine niba ufite ibibazo bikomeye byo guhumeka, ibiziba mu gifu cyawe cyangwa mu mara, cyangwa niba ufite allergie kuri morphine cyangwa izindi mvura zifite opioid. Abantu bafite asima ikomeye cyangwa izindi ndwara zikomeye zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero ntibashobora kuba bakwiriye kuvurwa na morphine.

Muganga wawe azitondera cyane mu gutanga morphine niba ufite indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo:

• Amateka yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ubujura
• Indwara zo guhumeka nka sleep apnea cyangwa COPD
• Indwara y'umwijima cyangwa impyiko
• Ibibazo by'umutima cyangwa umuvuduko wo hasi w'amaraso
• Ubukomere bwo mu mutwe cyangwa indwara zo mu bwonko
• Indwara zo mu mutwe
• Prostate yagutse cyangwa ibibazo byo kunyara
• Indwara ya thyroid

Byongeye kandi, morphine irashobora guhura n'imiti myinshi, harimo imiti imwe na imwe yo kurwanya depression, imiti ituma umuntu asinzira, imiti iruhura imitsi, n'indi miti yo kurwanya ububabare. Buri gihe tanga muganga wawe urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiti yose, ibyongerera imbaraga, n'ibicuruzwa by'ibyatsi urimo gufata.

Gusama no konsa bisaba kwitondera by'umwihariko, kuko morphine ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mubyeyi no ku mwana. Muganga wawe azagereranya neza ibyago n'inyungu niba utwite cyangwa ufite gahunda yo gutwita.

Amazina ya Morphine

Morphine iboneka mu mazina menshi y'ubwoko, nubwo ikoreshwa cyane nk'umuti rusange. Uburyo rusange bufite akamaro kimwe n'ubwoko bw'amazina kandi akenshi birahendutse.

Amazina amwe asanzwe ya morphine yo kunywa arimo MS Contin na Kadian kubijyanye no kurekura igihe kirekire, na Roxanol kubijyanye no kurekura morphine yihuse. Umufarimasi wawe ashobora gutanga ubwoko bw'izina cyangwa ubwoko rusange bitewe n'ubwishingizi bwawe n'icyo gihari.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka ni uko ubwoko bwose bwa morphine bwemewe na FDA, haba izina ry'ubucuruzi cyangwa rusange, bujuje ibisabwa byose by'umutekano n'ubushobozi. Muganga wawe azibanda ku gushaka uburyo bukwiye n'urugero rukwiye rw'imiti ku byo ukeneye byihariye aho gushaka izina ryihariye.

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza Morphine

Imiti myinshi yindi irashobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura ububabare bukomeye, nubwo guhitamo biterwa n'ubuzima bwawe bwihariye. Muganga wawe ashobora gutekereza ku bindi bisimbura niba morphine itagukwiriye cyangwa niba ubonye ingaruka zikomeye.

Izindi nzira zikomeye zo gusimbuza opioid zirimo oxycodone, hydromorphone, na fentanyl patches kububabare bukomeye. Kubwoko bumwe bwububabare, uburyo butari bwa opioid nka antidepressants zimwe na zimwe, anticonvulsants, cyangwa guhagarika imitsi birashobora kugira akamaro.

Rimwe na rimwe abaganga bakoresha uburyo bwo guhuza, bahuza urugero ruto rwa opioids n'izindi nzira zo kuvura ububabare nka physiotherapy, massage, cyangwa uburyo bwo kuruhuka. Intego ni ukubona imiti ikora neza ifite ingaruka nke kubuzima bwawe bwihariye.

Ese Morphine iruta Oxycodone?

Morphine na oxycodone zombi ni imiti ikora neza yo kuvura ububabare bukomeye, ariko nta n'imwe iruta iyindi. Guhitamo hagati yazo biterwa n'uburyo wabyakiriye, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'ibyo ukeneye byihariye byo kuvura ububabare.

Morphine imaze igihe kinini ikoreshwa kandi akenshi ifatwa nk'urugero rwiza rwo kuvura ububabare bukomeye. Iboneka mu buryo bwinshi kandi akenshi bihendutse. Oxycodone irashobora gutera isesemi nkeya kuri bamwe kandi irashobora kwihanganirwa neza nabafite ibibazo bimwe byo munda.

Umuganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'uko umubiri wawe ukoresha imiti, uko ububabare bwawe bumeze, ibyo wigeze gukoresha imiti ya opiyoide, n'uko imiti ishobora gufatanya igihe agena imiti yo guhitamo. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukubona umuti utanga ubufasha bwiza ku bubabare hamwe n'ingaruka ziciriritse kuri wowe ku giti cyawe.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Morufine

Q1. Ese Morufine irakwiriye abantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko?

Morufine irashobora gukoreshwa ku bantu barwaye indwara z'impyiko, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza kandi akenshi imiti igahindurwa. Impyiko zawe zigufasha gukoresha no gukuramo morufine mu mubiri wawe, bityo iyo zitagikora neza, umuti urashobora kwiyongera ugatera ingaruka zikomeye cyangwa izindi ngaruka.

Umuganga wawe ashobora gutangira n'urugero ruto kandi akagukurikiranira hafi niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko. Ashobora kandi guhitamo undi muti wa opiyoide woroheye impyiko cyangwa agahindura uburyo ufata umuti. Ibizamini by'amaraso bisanzwe bishobora gukenerwa kugirango hamenyekane niba umuti utagira ingaruka ku mikorere y'impyiko zawe.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyoye morufine nyinshi ku buryo butunguranye?

Niba unyoye morufine nyinshi kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana n'inzego z'ubutabazi ako kanya uhamagara 911 cyangwa nimero yawe y'ubutabazi bwaho. Kunywa morufine nyinshi bishobora gutera guhagarara guhumeka no gutera umutima gukora gahoro, ibyo bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Mugihe utegereje ubufasha, guma maso kandi witeguye niba bishoboka. Gira umuntu ugusange ushobora gukurikirana uko uhumeka n'ubwenge bwawe. Ntukagerageze kwisuka, kandi ntukanywe izindi miti keretse niba byategetswe n'abakozi b'ubutabazi.

N'iyo wumva umeze neza nyuma yo kunywa morufine yiyongereye, ni ngombwa gushaka isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi kuko ingaruka z'umuti zirashobora gutinda, cyane cyane hamwe n'imiti ikoreshwa igihe kirekire.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba ntasibye urugero rwa morufine?

Niba wibagiwe gufata urugero rwa morphine itinda, ifate uko wibukije, ariko gusa niba bitari hafi igihe cyo gufata urugero rwawe ruteganyijwe. Niba hafi y'igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira, renga urugero wibagiwe ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Kuri morphine itinda, uburyo ni bumwe, ariko igihe ni ingenzi cyane. Ntukigere ufata urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugirango usimbure urugero wibagiwe, kuko ibi bishobora guteza akaga. Niba utazi neza igihe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti kugirango bagufashe.

Niba wibona ukunda kwibagirwa gufata urugero, vugana na muganga wawe kubijyanye n'uburyo bwo kugufasha kwibuka, nko gushyiraho alarme kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha umuteguro w'imiti. Gufata imiti buri gihe ni ingenzi kugirango ugumane uburibwe bwiza.

Q4. Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata morphine?

Ushobora kureka gufata morphine mugihe muganga wawe yemeza ko uburibwe bwawe bucungwa neza n'ubundi buryo cyangwa mugihe indwara yawe yoroshye bihagije. Iyi myanzuro igomba gufatwa buri gihe hamwe n'umuganga wawe, ntabwo ari wenyine.

Niba umaze iminsi mike ufata morphine buri gihe, muganga wawe azakora gahunda yo kugabanya buhoro buhoro urugero rwawe uko igihe kigenda. Ibi birinda ibimenyetso byo kuva mu miti kandi bituma wumva umeze neza mugihe uhagarika imiti.

Ibimenyetso byerekana ko bishobora kuba igihe cyo kuganira kuva muri morphine birimo iterambere rikomeye ry'indwara yawe, gucunga neza uburibwe n'ubundi buryo, cyangwa niba ufite ingaruka zikomeye kurusha inyungu. Muganga wawe azakuyobora muri ubu buryo neza.

Q5. Nshobora gutwara imodoka nkanwa morphine?

Ntugomba gutwara imodoka cyangwa gukoresha imashini ziremereye mugihe utangiye gufata morphine cyangwa mugihe urugero rwawe ruzamutse, kuko umuti ushobora gutera gusinzira, kuribwa umutwe, no guhinduka kw'igihe cyo gusubiza. Izi ngaruka zikunda kugaragara cyane muminsi mike ya mbere yo kuvurwa.

Abantu bamwe bafata imiti ya morphine buri gihe kubera ububabare bwa hato na hato bashobora kuzabasha gutwara neza imodoka igihe umubiri wabo umaze kumenyera iyo miti kandi bagahura n'ingaruka zihamye kandi zizwi. Ariko, iki cyemezo kigomba gufatwa witonze hamwe n'ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe kandi biterwa n'ibintu nk'urugero rwawe, uko witwara ku miti, n'amategeko yaho.

Buri gihe ujye ugerageza kwitonda iyo bigeze ku gutwara imodoka. Niba wumva uruhutse, uruka cyangwa utameze neza kurusha uko bisanzwe, ntugatware. Tekereza ku bindi buryo bwo gutwara mu gihe ufata morphine, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo guhinduka kwa mbere.