Icyo Nalbuphine ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwayo, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Nalbuphine ni umuti wandikirwa na muganga ugabanya ububabare wo mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa opioid analgesics. Itangwa mu nshinge kugira ngo ivure ububabare bwo hagati cyangwa bukomeye, akenshi mu bitaro cyangwa mu gihe cy'imikorere ya muganga.

Uyu muti ukora mu buryo butandukanye n'indi miti ya opioid kuko ishobora kugabanya ububabare kandi ifite ingaruka ku bibazo byo guhumeka. Ibi bituma iba uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ububabare mugihe bigabanya bimwe mubyago bifitanye isano na opioids ikomeye.

Nalbuphine ni iki?

Nalbuphine ni umuti w'ububabare wa opioid ukorwa mu buryo bwa sintetike utangwa binyuze mu nshinge mu mikaya cyangwa imitsi. Ishyirwa mu cyiciro cya agonist-antagonist ya opioid ivanze, bivuze ko ikora ku byakira bya opioid mu bwonko bwawe mu buryo bwihariye.

Bitandukanye n'imiti ya opioid isukuye, nalbuphine ifite imitungo igabanya ububabare hamwe nibintu byubatswe mumutekano. Ikora ibyakira bya opioid kugirango iburizemo ibimenyetso byububabare mugihe iburizamo ibindi bishobora gutera ingaruka ziteje akaga nko guhumeka cyane.

Uyu muti uza nkigisubizo gisobanutse, kitagira ibara abaganga bategura kandi bagatanga. Ubusanzwe uzakira nalbuphine ahantu havurirwa aho abantu bafite ubumenyi bashobora gukurikirana uko witwara no guhindura urugero uko bikwiye.

Nalbuphine ikoreshwa kubera iki?

Nalbuphine ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gucunga ububabare bwo hagati cyangwa bukomeye bisaba ubufasha bwa opioid. Abaganga bakunda guhitamo uyu muti iyo ukeneye kugenzura ububabare bukomeye ariko ugashaka kugabanya ibyago bimwe bifitanye isano na opioids gakondo.

Ibyo bikorwa bisanzwe aho ushobora kwakira nalbuphine harimo imikorere yo kubaga, umurimo no kubyara, no gucunga ububabare nyuma yo kubaga. Bifasha cyane mugihe cyo kubyara kuko bishobora gutanga ubufasha bukomeye bwo kugabanya ububabare hatabayeho guhumeka cyane kubana bakivuka.

Abaganga bamwe na none bakoresha nalubuphine mu kuvura indwara zirambye ziterwa n'ububabare iyo imiti yindi itatanze umuti uhagije. Muri ibi bihe, imiterere yihariye y'uyu muti ishobora gutanga umuti w'ububabare mu gihe igabanya ibyago byo kwihanganira umuti no kuwugiraho ubujyakuzya bishobora kuvuka ku bindi byatsi bya opiyoide.

Byongeye kandi, nalubuphine irashobora gukoreshwa mu guhindura bimwe mu ngaruka ziterwa n'ibindi byatsi bya opiyoide, cyane cyane ibibazo byo guhumeka, mu gihe igifasha kugabanya ububabare. Ibi bituma iba igikoresho cyiza mu gucunga ububabare.

Nalubuphine ikora ite?

Nalubuphine ikora igihe ifatanyije n'ibice bya opiyoide mu bwonko bwawe no mu mugongo, ariko ibikora mu buryo bugoye kurusha opiyoide zisanzwe. Ifatwa nk'umuti ukomeye wo kugabanya ububabare utanga umuti neza utagira bimwe mu byago bya opiyoide zikomeye.

Iyo nalubuphine yinjiye mu mubiri wawe, ifatana n'ibice bya opiyoide byihariye byitwa reseptori za kappa, ibi bifasha guhagarika ibimenyetso by'ububabare kugera mu bwonko bwawe. Muri icyo gihe, igabanya igice cy'ibice bya mu-opiyoide, bifite uruhare mu kugabanya ububabare no gutera ingaruka ziteje akaga nk'ibibazo bikomeye byo guhumeka.

Iyi mikorere ibiri itera icyo abaganga bita

Mbere yo guhabwa nalbuphine, umuganga wawe azasuzuma amateka yawe y'ubuzima n'imiti ukoresha ubu kugira ngo yemeze ko ari byiza kuri wowe. Bazagenzura kandi ibimenyetso byawe by'ingenzi, harimo guhumeka kwawe, umuvuduko w'umutima, n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, mu gihe cyose uvurwa.

Ntabwo ugomba guhangayika ku bijyanye no gufata uyu muti hamwe n'ibiryo kuko utangwa binyuze mu nshinge. Ariko, niba uteganyirijwe gukorerwa uburyo bwo kuvurwa burimo nalbuphine, ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi izaguha amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye kurya no kunywa mbere y'igihe.

Urugero n'uburyo inshinge za nalbuphine zikoreshwa biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye, harimo urwego rw'ububabare bwawe, uburemere bw'umubiri wawe, imikorere y'impyiko zawe, n'uko witwara ku muti. Umuganga wawe azahindura ibi bishingiye ku byo ukeneye wenyine n'uko witwara.

Nkwiriye Kumara Igihe Kingana Gite Ndafa Nalbuphine?

Igihe cyo kuvurwa na nalbuphine gitandukanye cyane bitewe n'impamvu uyihabwa n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kubaga cyangwa ibihe by'ububabare bukomeye, ushobora kuyihabwa mu masaha make cyangwa iminsi mike.

Mu bitaro, abaganga bakoresha nalbuphine mu gihe gito cyo kugabanya ububabare mu gihe cyo kuvurwa cyangwa mu gihe gito nyuma yo kubagwa. Intego ni ukugabanya ububabare neza mu gihe kitoroshye cyane mu gihe uhindukirira izindi ngamba zo kugabanya ububabare uko ukira.

Ku bibazo by'ububabare buhoraho, abantu bamwe bashobora guhabwa nalbuphine mu gihe kirekire, ariko ibi bisaba kugenzurwa neza n'ikipe yawe y'ubuvuzi. Bazagenzura buri gihe niba umuti ugikora neza kandi niba hari impinduka zikenewe.

Umuganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo amenye igihe cyiza cyo kuvurwa gishingiye ku rwego rw'ububabare bwawe, uko ukira, n'uko ubuzima bwawe muri rusange bumeze. Bazanaganira igihe n'uburyo bwo guhindukirira izindi ngamba zo kugabanya ububabare uko bikwiye.

Ni Ibihe Bikorwa Bigaragara Biterwa na Nalbuphine?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, nalubuphine ishobora gutera ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti, nubwo atari buri wese uzazibona. Gusobanukirwa icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi ukamenya igihe cyo gushaka ubufasha bw'abaganga.

Dore ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zisanzwe ushobora guhura nazo ukoresha nalubuphine:

• Gusinzira cyane cyangwa guhumeka gahoro
• Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kumva uruhuka
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka
• Kuribwa umutwe
• Umunwa wumye
• Kuvuza ibyuya
• Kumva uhuzagurika cyangwa utazi aho uri

Izi ngaruka ziterwa n'imiti zisanzwe zikunze kuba ntoya kandi zikagenda zikira uko umubiri wawe ukoresha umuti. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakuvura bazagukurikiranira hafi kandi bashobora gutanga ubufasha niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ingaruka ziterwa n'imiti zitaboneka cyane ariko zikomeye zirimo ibibazo byo guhumeka, ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti, cyangwa igabanuka rikomeye ry'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Ibi ntibisanzwe ariko bisaba ubufasha bw'abaganga bwihuse.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zo mu mutwe nk'umujinya, kutagira umutuzo, cyangwa impinduka z'amarangamutima. Niba ubonye ibitekerezo cyangwa amarangamutima adasanzwe, ni ngombwa kubiganiraho n'umuganga wawe.

Gahoro cyane, nalubuphine ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye nk'ibibazo byo gufatwa, ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kwivumbura ku miti hamwe no guhumeka cyangwa kubyimba, cyangwa impinduka zikomeye mu mutima. Itsinda ry'abaganga bakuvura bahawe imyitozo yo kumenya no gukemura ibi bibazo bitaboneka ariko bikomeye.

Ninde utagomba gufata Nalubuphine?

Nalubuphine ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese, kandi umuganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba ari umutekano kuri wowe mbere yo kuyikoresha. Uburwayi runaka n'ibihe bituma nalubuphine ishobora kuba yangiza cyangwa idakora neza.

Ntabwo ugomba guhabwa nalubuphine niba ufite allergie izwi kuri nalubuphine cyangwa imiti isa na opioid. Ibimenyetso byo kwivumbura ku miti birimo guhumeka nabi, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo, cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeye byo ku ruhu.

Abantu bafite ibibazo bikomeye byo guhumeka, nk'umurwayi ukomeye wa asima cyangwa indwara y'impyiko ikomeye (COPD), ntibashobora kuba abakandida beza ba nalbuphine. Nubwo ari nziza kurusha ibindi byinshi bya opioide mu bijyanye no guhagarika guhumeka, iracyashobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yawe yo guhumeka.

Niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'umwijima cyangwa impyiko, umuganga wawe azakenera gusuzuma neza niba nalbuphine ikwiriye kuri wewe. Izi ngingo zifasha gutunganya no gukuraho imiti mu mubiri wawe, bityo ibibazo byo gukora kwazo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuti ukora.

Abagore batwite bakeneye kwitabwaho by'umwihariko iyo bigeze kuri nalbuphine. Nubwo rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kubyara, igihe n'urugero bikenera gutegurwa neza kugira ngo umutekano wa nyina n'umwana wese wese wese.

Abantu bafite amateka yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ubujura bashobora gukenera uburyo bundi bwo gucunga ububabare. Umuganga wawe azaganira ku buryo bwizewe kandi bwiza kuri wewe.

Amazina ya Nalbuphine

Nalbuphine iboneka munsi y'amazina menshi y'ubwoko, nubwo kandi isanzwe iboneka nk'umuti rusange. Izina rizwi cyane ni Nubain, ryari verisiyo yambere ya nalbuphine.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko ushobora guhura nayo arimo Nalbuphine HCl n'uburyo butandukanye rusange. Ibikoresho bikora n'ubushobozi biracyasa nubwo izina ry'ubwoko cyangwa umukora.

Umuganga wawe akenshi azakoresha uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose buboneka mu kigo cyabo. Ingero zose za nalbuphine zigomba guhura n'ubuziranenge bumwe bw'umutekano n'ubushobozi bwashyizweho n'ibigo bigenzura.

Uburyo bwa Nalbuphine

Niba nalbuphine itakwiriye kuri wewe cyangwa itatanga ubufasha buhagije bw'ububabare, imiti myinshi isimbura irashobora gutekerezwa. Umuganga wawe azahitamo uburyo bwiza bushingiye ku byo ukeneye mu buvuzi n'imimerere.

Imiti yindi ya opioid nka morphine, fentanyl, cyangwa hydromorphone ishobora kuba izindi nzira zo kuvura ububabare bukomeye. Iyi miti ikora mu buryo butandukanye na nalbuphine kandi ishobora kuba ikwiriye bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Ku bubabare buringaniye, imiti nka tramadol cyangwa imiti ivanze irimo acetaminophen cyangwa ibuprofen ishobora kugira akamaro. Izi nzira akenshi zifite ingaruka zitandukanye kandi zishobora gukwira neza ibyo ukeneye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura ububabare butari ubwa opioid bushobora kandi kugira akamaro cyane, harimo guhagarika imitsi, inshinge za epidural, cyangwa izindi nzira za anesthesia. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rishobora kuganira ku zindi nzira zishobora gukora neza ku bwoko bw'ububabare bwawe.

Guhitamo izindi nzira biterwa n'ibintu nk'uburemere bw'ububabare bwawe, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, indi miti urimo gufata, n'ibyo ukunda ku bijyanye n'inzira zo kuvura ububabare.

Ese Nalbuphine iruta Morphine?

Nalbuphine na morphine zombi ni imiti ikora neza ku bubabare, ariko zikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi zifite inyungu zitandukanye bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Nta na kimwe muri byo kirenze ikindi - guhitamo biterwa n'ibyo ukeneye n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.

Nalbuphine ifite inyungu zimwe na zimwe z'umutekano kurusha morphine, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n'ibibazo byo guhumeka. Ingaruka yo kugabanuka k'ubuhumekero bivuze ko nalbuphine idashobora guteza ibibazo byo guhumeka byateza akaga, kabone niyo yaba ifashwe ku bwinshi.

Morphine, ku rundi ruhande, akenshi ikora neza ku bubabare bukomeye kandi ntigira ingaruka zimwe zo kugabanya ububabare nka nalbuphine. Ibi bivuze ko morphine ishobora gutanga ubufasha bukomeye ku bubabare igihe bibaye ngombwa, ariko kandi ifite ibyago byinshi.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, nk'umurimo wo kubyara cyangwa ku barwayi bafite ubuhumekero bugoye, nalbuphine ishobora gukundwa bitewe n'umutekano wayo. Ku bubabare bukabije bw'igihe kirekire cyangwa ububabare nyuma yo kubagwa, morphine ishobora kugira akamaro kurushaho.

Umuvuzi wawe w’ubuzima azatekereza ku bintu nk'uburemere bw'ububabare bwawe, amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi, imiti yindi ufata, n'ibintu by'akaga igihe ahitamo hagati y'iyo miti. Byombi birashobora kuba amahitamo meza iyo bikoreshejwe neza.

Ibikunze Kubazwa ku bijyanye na Nalbuphine

Q1. Ese Nalbuphine iratekanye ku bagore batwite?

Nalbuphine irashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gutwita, cyane cyane mugihe cyo kubyara, ariko bisaba kugenzurwa neza na muganga. Abaganga bakunda guhitamo nalbuphine mugihe cyo kubyara kuko itanga ubufasha bwiza bw'ububabare mugihe itekanye ugereranije n'ibindi byinshi bya opioids ku mubyeyi no kumwana.

Uyu muti wambukiranya placenta, bivuze ko ushobora kugira ingaruka kumwana. Ariko, ingaruka za nalbuphine ku guhumeka bituma bitashoboka cyane gutera ibibazo bikomeye byo guhumeka kubana bavutse ugereranije n'ibindi bya opioids.

Niba utwite kandi ukeneye ubufasha bw'ububabare, umuvuzi wawe w’ubuzima azagereranya neza inyungu n'akaga ka nalbuphine ugereranije n'izindi mpuzandengo. Bazanakurikirana wowe n'umwana wawe hafi mugihe no nyuma yo kuyitanga.

Q2. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba mbonye nalbuphine nyinshi bitunguranye?

Kubera ko nalbuphine itangwa nabaganga gusa mumashami yubuvuzi, gukoresha doze nyinshi bitunguranye ntibishoboka. Ariko, niba wumva uruhuka cyane, urujijo, kugorana guhumeka, cyangwa izindi ngaruka ziteye impungenge, menyesha ikipe yawe yubuzima ako kanya.

Abaganga bafite imiti n'ibikoresho bihari byo guhindura ingaruka za nalbuphine niba bibaye ngombwa. Batojwe kumenya no gucunga ibibazo byo gukoresha doze nyinshi vuba kandi neza.

Ingaruka za nalbuphine zivuze ko guhumeka bidashoboka cyane gutera urupfu ugereranije n'ibindi bya opioids, ariko kwitabwaho na muganga biracyakomeye niba wumva ibimenyetso bikomeye.

Q3. Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nirengagije doze ya nalbuphine?

Kubera ko nalbuphine itangwa n'abavuzi b'ubuzima ku gihe giteganyijwe hashingiwe ku byo ukeneye mu buvuzi, ntugomba guhangayika ku bijyanye no kubura imiti. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizagenzura igihe n'urugero rwa imiti yawe.

Niba ufite impungenge ku bijyanye no kuvura ububabare cyangwa wumva ko ububabare bwawe butagenzurwa neza, ganira ibi n'umuvuzi wawe. Barashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa cyangwa gutanga ubufasha bw'ububabare bwiyongereye nk'uko bikwiye.

Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakurikirana urugero rw'ububabare bwawe kandi rihindure kenshi n'urugero rwa nalbuphine hashingiwe ku gisubizo cyawe n'uburwayi bwawe.

Q4. Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Nalbuphine?

Icyemezo cyo kureka nalbuphine gishingiye ku burwayi bwawe, urugero rw'ububabare, na gahunda yose yo kuvurwa. Umuvuzi wawe azagena igihe bikwiye guhagarika imiti cyangwa guhindukira ku zindi nzira zo kuvura ububabare.

Kugira ngo ikoreshwe igihe gito mu gihe cy'ibikorwa cyangwa ibihe by'ububabare bukomeye, nalbuphine isanzwe ihagarara iyo ububabare bugabanutse ku rugero rushoboka cyangwa iyo ingamba zindi zo kuvura ububabare ziba zikwiye.

Niba umaze igihe kinini wakira nalbuphine, umuvuzi wawe ashobora kugabanya buhoro urugero aho guhagarara ako kanya. Ibi bifasha kwirinda ibimenyetso byo gukurwaho imiti kandi bikemeza ko ububabare bwawe bukomeza kugenzurwa neza mu gihe cyo guhinduka.

Q5. Ese Nalbuphine irashobora gutera ubujura?

Nalbuphine ifite amahirwe make yo gutera ubujura ugereranije n'indi miti myinshi ya opioid kubera uburyo bwayo bwihariye bwo gukora. Ariko, nk'uko byose bya opioids, irashobora gutera kwishingikiriza ku mubiri kandi ifite amahirwe yo gukoreshwa nabi.

Imitungo ivanze ya agonist-antagonist ya nalbuphine isobanura ko bidashoboka cyane gutanga ibyishimo bishobora gutera ubujura. Ibi bituma iba amahitamo meza ku bantu benshi bakeneye ubufasha bw'ububabare bwa opioid.

Umuvuzi wawe w'ubuzima azagukurikiranira ibimenyetso byo kwishingikiriza cyangwa gukoresha nabi, cyane cyane niba ukeneye nalbuphine igihe kirekire. Bazanaganira kandi ku buryo bwo kugabanya ibyago byo gufatwa n'uburozi mu gihe bagerageza kugufasha kugabanya ububabare neza.