Created at:1/13/2025
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Umuti wa naltrexone uterwa mu mutsi ni urushinge rutangwa buri kwezi rufasha abantu kwirinda inzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge bya opiyoide. Uyu muti ukora ubu byangiza ingaruka zishimisha z'ibi bintu mu bwonko bwawe, bigatuma byoroha kugumana n'ubuzima bwawe.
Bitekereze nk'icyuma kirinda kigumaho nk'ukwezi. Iyo uhabwa uru rushinge, uba ufata intambwe ikomeye yerekeza ku buzima burambye bufashijwe n'abaganga bazi urugendo rwawe.
Naltrexone yo guterwa mu mutsi ni ubwoko bwa naltrexone bukora igihe kirekire butangwa nk'urushinge mu mutsi wawe rimwe mu kwezi. Bitandukanye n'ibinini bifatwa buri munsi, uru rushinge rutanga urugero rwa imiti ruhamye mu mubiri wawe mu gihe cy'iminsi 30.
Uyu muti utangwa n'umuganga mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi. Ibi bituma uhabwa urugero rukwiye n'ubugenzuzi bw'ubuvuzi bukwiye mu gihe cyose uvurwa.
Aho urushinge ruterwa ni akenshi mu mutsi wo mu kibuno, aho umuti usohoka buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda. Uku gusohoka guhoraho bifasha kugumana uburinzi buhamye ku ngaruka z'inzoga na opiyoide.
Umuti wa naltrexone uterwa mu mutsi cyane cyane uvura indwara yo gukoresha inzoga n'indwara yo gukoresha opiyoide mu bantu bakuru. Yagenewe by'umwihariko abantu basanzwe baretse inzoga kandi bifuza kugumana n'ubuzima bwabo.
Ku ndwara yo gukoresha inzoga, uyu muti ufasha kugabanya irari kandi bigatuma kunywa inzoga bitagishimisha. Abantu benshi basanga byoroshye gukurikiza intego zabo zo kureka inzoga iyo bafite ubu bufasha bwa buri kwezi.
Mugihe cyo kuvura indwara yo gukoresha opiyoide, naltrexone ibuza ingaruka zishimisha za opiyoide nka heroyine, imiti ibabaza yandikiwe n'abaganga, na fentanili. Ariko, ugomba kuba wararetse opiyoide burundu byibuze iminsi 7-10 mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa.
Muganga wawe ashobora no gutekereza kuri uyu muti niba waragize ikibazo cyo kwibuka gufata imiti ya naltrexone buri munsi. Urukingo rwo mu kwezi rukura icyemezo cyo gufata imiti buri munsi ku bijyanye no kuyikurikiza.
Naltrexone ikora ibyara ibice bya opioid mu bwonko bwawe, ari byo bice bimwe na bimwe bya alcool na opioids bigamije gukora ingaruka zishimishije. Ibi bituma uyu muti uba ukomeye ku rugero ruciriritse utanga uburinzi bwizewe.
Iyo unywa alcool cyangwa ukoresha opioids mugihe ufata naltrexone, ntuzagira ibyiyumvo bisanzwe bishimishije. Ahubwo, ibi bintu birananirwa gukora ibyishimo cyangwa kuruhuka.
Uyu muti ntugutera kurwara cyangwa kumva utameze neza iyo uhuye n'ibi bintu. Uvanyemo gusa ibyishimo bisanzwe bitera gukomeza gukoresha.
Iyi ngaruka yo kubuza imara ukwezi kose hagati y'inkingo. Ibice bya opioid byo mu bwonko bwawe bikomeza kwigarurirwa na naltrexone, bitanga uburinzi buhoraho kabone niyo waba ufite akanya ko kunanirwa cyangwa kwifuza cyane.
Uzakira urukingo rwa naltrexone mu biro bya muganga wawe cyangwa mu ivuriro rimwe mu byumweru bine. Umuvuzi azaguha urukingo mu misitsi yawe, asimburanya impande kuri buri rukingo.
Mbere yo kujya mu gihe cyo kwisuzumisha, urashobora kurya bisanzwe kandi ntugomba kwirinda ibiryo byihariye. Ariko, kwambara imyenda yoroshye birashobora koroshya uburyo bwo gukingirwa.
Urukingo ubwarwo rufata iminota mike gusa, nubwo ushobora gukenera kuguma mu gihe gito cyo kureba. Amavuriro amwe akunda gukurikirana abarwayi iminota 15-30 nyuma yo gukingirwa kugirango barebe ko nta ngaruka zihuse zibaho.
Uzagomba guteganya gahunda yo kwisuzumisha kwawe gukurikira mbere yo kuva mu ivuriro. Kugumana gahunda ihoraho y'ukwezi bifasha gukomeza urwego rwa imiti mu mubiri wawe.
Abantu benshi bakomeza guterwa inshinge za naltrexone byibuze amezi 6-12, nubwo bamwe bungukirwa no kuvurwa igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugirango amenye igihe gikwiye gishingiye ku iterambere ryawe ryo koroherwa.
Igihe cyo kuvurwa akenshi giterwa n'imibereho yawe bwite, uburyo bwo kugushyigikira, n'uburyo urimo gucunga neza koroherwa kwawe. Abantu bamwe basanga bakeneye ubufasha burambye imyaka myinshi, mugihe abandi bashobora kwimukira mu zindi nzira zo kuvurwa.
Umuvuzi wawe azagenzura buri gihe iterambere ryawe kandi aganire niba gukomeza kuvurwa bifite umumaro ku miterere yawe. Izi ngingo zikunda kubaho buri mezi make mugihe cyo guhura kwawe bisanzwe.
Wibuke ko guhagarika naltrexone buri gihe bikwiye kuba icyemezo cyateguwe gifashwe hamwe n'ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe. Guhagarika kuvurwa mu buryo butunguranye bishobora kukugira umutindi wo gusubira inyuma udafite uburyo bwo kugushyigikira.
Abantu benshi boroherwa no guterwa inshinge za naltrexone neza, ariko ushobora guhura n'ibikorwa bimwe bigaragara, cyane cyane muminsi mike ya mbere. Ibi bikorwa muri rusange birashobora gucungwa kandi akenshi birakosoka uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti.
Dore ibikorwa bigaragara cyane ushobora kubona:
Ibi bikorwa bisanzwe bigaragara akenshi bimara iminsi mike kugeza icyumweru nyuma yo guterwa inshinge. Abantu benshi babisanga bishobora kwihanganirwa kandi bigashoboka gucungwa hamwe n'ingamba zoroheje zo guhumuriza.
Ibikorwa bitagaragara cyane ariko bikomeye birashobora kubaho rimwe na rimwe, kandi ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe niba uhuye n'ibimenyetso bibangamiye:
Ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye zirimo ibibazo by'umwijima, nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho iyo umuti utewe. Muganga wawe azagenzura imikorere y'umwijima wawe binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso bya buri gihe.
Gahoro cyane, abantu bamwe bagira ibimenyetso bikabije byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri kuri naltrexone. Ibimenyetso birimo kugorwa no guhumeka, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo, cyangwa ibiheri byose. Ibi bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga.
Naltrexone ntigitekanye kuri buri wese, kandi ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma uyu muti utabereye cyangwa ushobora guteza akaga. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe y'ubuzima mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.
Ntabwo ugomba guhabwa inshinge za naltrexone niba:
Muganga wawe azakoresha kandi ubushishozi burenzeho niba ufite ibibazo by'ubuzima bisaba kugenzurwa neza mugihe cy'imiti.
Abantu bafite ibibazo byoroheje by'umwijima barashobora kuba bakwemererwa guhabwa imiti, ariko bazakeneye kugenzurwa kenshi binyuze mu bipimo by'amaraso. Muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'akaga muri ibi bihe.
Niba ufata imiti ya opioide yanditswe na muganga kugirango ucunge ububabare, uzakenera gukorana na muganga wawe kugirango utegure gahunda yo gucunga ububabare mbere yo gutangira naltrexone.
Izina risanzwe rya naltrexone intramuscular injection ni Vivitrol. Iyi ni verisiyo abaganga benshi bandika kandi amasosiyete y'ubwishingizi asanzwe atanga.
Vivitrol irimo 380 mg ya naltrexone muri buri nkingo y'ukwezi. Uyu muti uza mu ifu, umuganga wawe akavanga n'amazi yihariye mbere yo kugutera urushinge.
Amwe mu mavuriro akora imiti ashobora gutegura izindi miterere ya naltrexone ikora igihe kirekire, ariko Vivitrol iracyariyo ihitamo ryizwe cyane kandi ryandikwa. Muganga wawe ashobora gutangira niyi formulation yashyizweho neza.
Imiti myinshi ishobora gufasha mu kubana n'ikibazo cyo gukoresha inzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge niba naltrexone itagukwiriye. Muganga wawe ashobora kuganira kuri izi nzira bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.
Ku kibazo cyo gukoresha inzoga, izindi nzira zirimo acamprosate, ifasha kugabanya inyota, na disulfiram, itera ibimenyetso bitari byiza iyo unyweye. Abantu bamwe kandi bafashwa na topiramate cyangwa gabapentin.
Ku kibazo cyo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, buprenorphine na methadone ni izindi nzira zikora neza. Iyi miti ikora mu buryo butandukanye na naltrexone mu gukora igice cy'ibice bya opioid aho kubibuza burundu.
Abantu bamwe barushaho kumera neza bafata naltrexone yo kunywa buri munsi niba batifuza guterwa inkingo z'ukwezi. Abandi bashobora kungukirwa n'inzira zihuza ibiganiro, amatsinda yo gufashanya, no guhindura imibereho.
Naltrexone na buprenorphine zombi zikora neza mu kuvura ikibazo cyo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, ariko zikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi zikwiriye abantu batandukanye. Nta muti n'umwe uruta undi.
Naltrexone ibuza burundu ingaruka za opioid, abantu bamwe bakabikunda kuko ntibitera kwishingikiriza ku mubiri. Ariko, ugomba kuba udafite na gato opioid mbere yo gutangira kuvurwa, ibyo bishobora kuba ingorabahizi.
Buprenorphine ifasha igice cy’uturemangingo twa opioid, ibyo bigafasha kugabanya ibimenyetso byo kuva mu biyobyabwoba no kubishaka, mu gihe byakumira ingaruka z’ibindi biyobyabwoba. Ushobora gutangira gufata uyu muti ukiri mu gihe cyo kuva mu biyobyabwoba, bigatuma inzira yoroha.
Muganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo bitewe n’uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze, harimo igihe umaze utanywa ibiyobyabwoba, abagushyigikiye, n’uko wowe ubwawe ubyumva ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo kuvurwa.
Naltrexone ishobora gukoreshwa ku buryo bwizewe ku bantu bafite umubabaro, ariko bisaba gukurikiranwa neza. Hariho abantu bagira impinduka mu myumvire iyo batangira gufata naltrexone, bityo muganga wawe azashaka gukurikirana ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe neza.
Niba ufata imiti igabanya umubabaro, naltrexone akenshi ntigira icyo itwara kuri iyo miti. Ariko, muganga wawe ashobora guhindura uburyo uvurwa umubabaro kugira ngo arebe ko urimo kubona ubuvuzi bwiza ku byo byombi.
Ni ngombwa kubwira umuganga wawe amateka yose y’umubabaro cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura. Bashobora gutanga ubufasha bwihariye no kugukurikirana mu gihe uvurwa.
Kubera ko naltrexone itangwa nk’urushinge rwa buri kwezi n’abaganga, gufatwa n’umuti mwinshi bitunguranye ntibibaho cyane. Uyu muti upimwa neza kandi ukatangwa ahantu havurirwa.
Niba waba warabonye naltrexone nyinshi, ushobora guhura n’ingaruka zikomeye nk’isuka, isereri, cyangwa kubabara umutwe. Vugana n’umuganga wawe ako kanya niba wumva ko wahawe urugero rutari rwo.
Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni gushaka ubuvuzi ako kanya. Umuganga wawe ashobora kugukurikirana kugira ngo arebe ibibazo byose kandi atange ubufasha niba bibaye ngombwa.
Niba wareretswe urukingo rwa naltrexone buri kwezi, vugana na muganga wawe vuba bishoboka kugira ngo utegure gahunda nshya. Imbaraga z'umuti zo kurinda zitangira kugabanuka nyuma y'iminsi nka 30.
Ntugategereze kugeza igihe cyagenwe cyo guhura na muganga niba wararengeje igihe. Muganga wawe ashobora kwifuza kukubona mbere kugira ngo akomeze kuvura neza kandi aganire ku mbogamizi zose uhura nazo.
Kutabona imiti bishobora kongera ibyago byo gusubira mu ngeso mbi, bityo ni ngombwa gusubira mu nzira vuba. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rishobora kugufasha gukora ingamba zo kwibuka gahunda z'ahazaza.
Umwanzuro wo kureka naltrexone ugomba gufatwa buri gihe hamwe n'ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe. Abantu benshi bakomeza kuvurwa byibuze amezi 6-12, nubwo bamwe bungukirwa n'igihe kirekire.
Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'iterambere ryawe ryo koroherwa, uburyo bwo gufashanya, n'intego zawe bwite mugihe baganira ku guhagarika imiti. Bashobora kugusaba gushyira intera mu nkingo cyangwa guhindukirira ubundi buryo bwo gufasha.
Mbere yo guhagarika naltrexone, menya neza ko ufite ingamba zikomeye zo guhangana n'ibibazo n'uburyo bwo gufashanya. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuzima rishobora kugufasha gukora gahunda yuzuye yo gukomeza koroherwa.
Mugihe naltrexone ibuza ingaruka nziza z'inzoga, kunywa mugihe ufata uyu muti ntibisabwa. Uyu muti ugabanya ingaruka nziza z'inzoga, ariko uracyashobora guhura n'ibibazo no kwangirika kw'ubuzima.
Abantu bamwe basanga inzoga iryoha mu buryo butandukanye cyangwa ntiryoshye mugihe bafata naltrexone. Ibi nibyo uyu muti ufasha kugabanya imyitwarire yo kunywa inzoga uko igihe kigenda.
Niba unywa inzoga mugihe ufata naltrexone, ntuzabona ibyishimo bisanzwe, ariko urashobora guhura n'umutwe, guciraho iteka nabi, n'ibindi bibazo bifitanye isano n'inzoga. Intego ni ugukomeza kutanywa inzoga rwose kugira ngo ubashe kugera ku ntsinzi nziza.