Icyo Nitrofurantoin ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Nitrofurantoin ni umuti wica mikorobe ugamije cyane cyane bagiteri zo mu nzira yawe y'inkari. Akenshi wandikirwa kuvura indwara ziterwa n'inzira y'inkari (UTIs) kandi ashobora no gukoreshwa mu gukumira indwara zigaruka mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ufasha abantu gutsinda indwara ziterwa n'inzira y'inkari, kandi ufite akamaro kanini kuko yibanda mu nkari zawe aho indwara iba. Kumva uko ikora n'icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kuyikoresha neza kandi neza.

Nitrofurantoin ni iki?

Nitrofurantoin ni umuti wihariye wica mikorobe ukora gusa mu nzira yawe y'inkari. Bitandukanye n'imiti yica mikorobe yagutse ikora ku mubiri wawe wose, uyu muti ugamije bagiteri by'umwihariko mu mpyisi yawe no mu nzira y'inkari.

Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cyitwa imiti yica mikorobe ya nitrofuran, bivuze ko yica bagiteri mu kubuza ubushobozi bwo gukora poroteyine z'ingenzi. Iyo ufata nitrofurantoin, igenda mu maraso yawe ikibanda mu nkari zawe, aho ishobora kurwanya indwara neza.

Iboneka mu buryo butandukanye, harimo ibinini bifatwa ako kanya n'ibinini bifatwa mu gihe kirekire, bituma muganga wawe ahitamo uburyo bwiza bujyanye n'icyo urwaye.

Nitrofurantoin ikoreshwa mu iki?

Nitrofurantoin ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura indwara ziterwa n'inzira y'inkari zitagoye ziterwa na bagiteri zishobora kwica. Ifite akamaro kanini cyane cyane ku bagiteri zisanzwe ziteza indwara ziterwa n'inzira y'inkari nka E. coli, itera hafi 85% by'indwara z'impyisi.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira nitrofurantoin niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ububabare mu gihe cyo kunyara, kunyara kenshi, cyangwa kubabara mu gatuza. Uyu muti ufite akamaro kanini cyane cyane ku ndwara ziterwa n'inzira y'inkari yo hepfo, harimo cystitis (indwara y'impyisi) na urethritis (indwara y'inzira y'inkari).

Mu bindi bihe, abaganga bashobora no kwandikira abarwayi nitrofurantoin kugira ngo birinde indwara ziterwa n’inkari zikunda kugaruka, cyane cyane ku bantu bahura n’indwara zikunze kubaho. Ubu buryo bwo kwirinda busaba gufata urugero ruto rw’umuti mu gihe kirekire.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko nitrofurantoin idakora neza ku ndwara z’impyiko (pyelonephritis) cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa na mikorobe hanze y’inzira y’inkari.

Nitrofurantoin ikora ite?

Nitrofurantoin ikora ihungabanya ubushobozi bwa mikorobe bwo gukora poroteyine z’ingenzi na DNA. Iyo mikorobe yinjije uwo muti, uhungabanya imikorere yazo mu turemangingo, bikaba byazica cyangwa bigahagarika imikurire yazo.

Uyu muti wica mikorobe ufatwa nk’ukomeye kandi ukora cyane ku ndwara z’inzira y’inkari. Ikintu cyongera akamaro kayo ni uko igeraho urugero rwo hejuru mu nkari zawe mu gihe igumana urugero ruto mu maraso yawe.

Umuti ubusanzwe utangira gukora nyuma y’amasaha make uvuyeho urugero rwa mbere, nubwo ushobora kutumva ko urwaye mu minsi 1-2. Abantu benshi bamenya impinduka zigaragara mu minsi 2-3 nyuma yo gutangira kuvurwa.

Nitrofurantoin ntishobora gutera ubwivumbagatanye ku miti wica mikorobe ugereranije n’indi miti wica mikorobe kuko ikoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo kurwanya mikorobe, bigatuma bigora ko zikora ubwivumbagatanye.

Nkwiriye gufata nitrofurantoin nte?

Fata nitrofurantoin nk’uko umuganga wawe abikwandikiye, ubusanzwe hamwe n’ibiryo cyangwa amata kugira ngo ugabanye kuribwa mu gifu. Umuti winjira neza iyo ufashwe hamwe n’ibiryo, kandi ibi bifasha no kwirinda isesemi, ikaba ari imwe mu ngaruka zikunze kubaho.

Ku bikoresho byihutirwa, ubusanzwe uzabifata inshuro enye ku munsi (buri masaha 6), mu gihe ibinini bifata igihe kirekire bifatwa inshuro ebyiri ku munsi (buri masaha 12). Gerageza gutandukanya urugero rwawe umunsi wose kugira ngo ugumane urugero ruhamye mu mubiri wawe.

Nywa amazi menshi igihe urimo gufata nitrofurantoin kugira ngo bifashe gukuraho mikorobe mu nzira yawe y'inkari kandi bishyigikire imikorere y'umuti. Gerageza kunywa nibura ibirahure 8 by'amazi ku munsi keretse muganga wawe abiguhagaritse.

Irinde gufata nitrofurantoin hamwe n'imiti irwanya aside irimo magnesium cyangwa aluminiyumu, kuko ibi bishobora kugabanya imikorere y'umuti. Niba ukeneye umuti urwanya aside, uwufate nibura amasaha 2 mbere cyangwa nyuma yo gufata nitrofurantoin.

Nzagomba Gufata Nitrofurantoin Igihe Kingana Gite?

Uburyo bwo kuvura UTI zikomeye hamwe na nitrofurantoin akenshi bumara iminsi 5-7, nubwo muganga wawe azagena igihe nyacyo bitewe n'ubwandu bwawe bwihariye n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi. Ni ngombwa kurangiza umuti wose nubwo wumva umeze neza nyuma y'iminsi mike.

Kubera ubwandu bworoshye bw'inkari, umuti w'iminsi 5 akenshi urahagije, mugihe ubwandu burambye bushobora gusaba iminsi 7 yo kuvurwa. Abantu bamwe bafite UTI zigaruka bashobora gukenera ibihe birebire byo kuvurwa cyangwa ubuvuzi bwo kubungabunga.

Niba urimo gufata nitrofurantoin kugirango wirinde UTI zigaruka, muganga wawe ashobora kuyigushyiriraho amezi menshi. Gukoresha iyi nzira igihe kirekire bisaba gukurikiranwa buri gihe kugirango hamenyekane ko umuti ukomeza kuba mwiza kandi ukora kuri wowe.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gufata nitrofurantoin mbere y'igihe, nubwo ibimenyetso byawe bishira, kuko ibi bishobora gutera kurwanya imiti yica mikorobe kandi bigatuma ubwandu bugaruka bukomeye kurusha mbere.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Y'ingaruka Ziterwa na Nitrofurantoin?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, nitrofurantoin irashobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ingaruka zisanzwe zikunze kuba zoroshye kandi zishobora gucungwa neza hamwe n'ingamba zikwiye.

Dore ingaruka zikunze gutangazwa ushobora guhura nazo:

• Isesemi no kuruka (kuyifata hamwe n'ibiryo bifasha kugabanya ibi)
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Impiswi cyangwa imyanda yoroshye
• Umutwe
• Urugero
• Gusinzira
• Inkari y'umuhondo cyangwa y'umukara (ibi ni ibisanzwe kandi ntacyo bitwaye)

Ibi bimenyetso bigaragara kenshi bikunda kuvaho umubiri wawe umaze kumenyera umuti kandi akenshi ntibisaba guhagarika ubuvuzi.

Nubwo bitagaragara kenshi, abantu bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga:

• Ibibazo bikomeye by'umwijima (gukorora, kuribwa mu gituza, guhumeka bigoye)
• Ibibazo by'umwijima (uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo, inkari z'umukara, isesemi zihoraho)
• Ubumuga bw'imitsi (ubugumba, kuribwa, cyangwa kuribwa mu ntoki no mu birenge)
• Urugero rukomeye rw'uburwayi (uruhu, gushinyagura, kubyimba, isereri rikomeye)
• Indwara z'amaraso (gukomereka bidasanzwe, kubabara umuhogo bihoraho, umuriro)

Ibikorwa bidasanzwe ariko bikomeye by'umwijima bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane iyo bikoreshwa igihe kirekire, bityo ni ngombwa kumenyesha muganga wawe ibimenyetso byose byo guhumeka ako kanya.

Ninde utagomba gufata Nitrofurantoin?

Nitrofurantoin ntabwo ikwiriye buri wese, kandi indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa ibihe bituma bidatekanye gukoresha. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gufata nitrofurantoin niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'impyiko, kuko umuti ntuzagera ku rwego rwo gukora mu nkari zawe kandi ushobora guteza ingaruka. Abantu bafite ibibazo by'impyiko bigabanya cyane umusaruro w'inkari bagomba gukoresha imiti yindi yica mikorobe.

Dore ibintu by'ingenzi n'ibihe nitrofurantoin igomba kwirindwa:

• Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko cyangwa imikorere y'impyiko yagabanutse cyane
• Ubwivumbagatanye bwamenyekanye kuri nitrofurantoin cyangwa imiti yica mikorobe ya nitrofuran
• Ubuke bwa glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
• Abana bari munsi y'ukwezi kumwe
• Gusama ku byumweru 38-42 cyangwa mugihe cyo kubyara
• Amateka y'ibibazo by'umwijima byatewe na nitrofurantoin
• Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima

Abantu barwaye diyabete, indwara y'ibihaha, cyangwa ibibazo by'imitsi bakeneye gukurikiranwa by'umwihariko bakoresha nitrofurantoin, kuko izo ndwara zishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Nitrofurantoin

Nitrofurantoin iboneka mu mazina y'ubwoko butandukanye, nubwo verisiyo rusange ikora neza. Amazina y'ubwoko asanzwe arimo Macrobid na Macrodantin, akoreshwa cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika.

Macrobid irimo nitrofurantoin irekura buhoro buhoro, isanzwe ifatwa kabiri ku munsi, naho Macrodantin ni verisiyo irekura vuba isanzwe ifatwa inshuro enye ku munsi. Zombi zikora kimwe mu kuvura UTI.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko ushobora guhura nayo arimo Furadantin na verisiyo zitandukanye rusange. Umufarumasiti wawe ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza verisiyo urimo guhabwa no gutanga amabwiriza akwiye.

Izindi nzira zishobora gusimbura Nitrofurantoin

Niba nitrofurantoin itagukwiriye cyangwa itavura neza indwara yawe, imiti myinshi ya antibiyotike ishobora kuvura UTI. Muganga wawe azahitamo iyiza hashingiye ku mikorere y'agakoko kawe, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'uburyo wabanje kuvurwa.

Izindi nzira zisanzwe zirimo trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), fosfomycin (Monurol), na fluoroquinolones zimwe na zimwe nka ciprofloxacin. Buri kimwe gifite inyungu zacyo n'ingaruka zishobora guteza muganga wawe azatekereza.

Ku bantu bafite UTI zikunda kugaruka badashobora gufata nitrofurantoin igihe kirekire, izindi nzira zishobora kuba trimethoprim yo mu rugero ruto cyangwa izindi ngamba zo gukumira nka cranberry supplements cyangwa kongera kunywa amazi.

Ese Nitrofurantoin iruta trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?

Bombi nitrofurantoin na trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) ni imiti ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara zidakomeye z'inkari, ariko buri imwe ifite akamaro kayo bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Guhitamo hagati yazo akenshi biterwa n'uburyo udukoko twangiza twihanganira imiti ndetse n'ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima bwawe.

Nitrofurantoin ishobora gukundwa cyane kuko idashobora gutera uburwayi bwo kwihanganira imiti kandi ntigira ingaruka nyinshi ku mikorere y'agahimba kawe k'igifu. Ikindi kandi, muri rusange irakara neza iyo ikoreshwa igihe kirekire mu gukumira indwara z'inkari zigaruka.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ikora vuba ku bantu bamwe kandi ishobora gufatwa kenshi, ariko irashobora gutera uburwayi bwo kwihanganira imiti kandi ntibishobora gukwira neza niba ufite allergie ya sulfa.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bintu nk'imiti wigeze gufata yo kuvura indwara z'inkari, allergie iyo ari yo yose ku miti, n'uburyo udukoko twihanganira imiti mu gihe ahitamo hagati y'iyi miti.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Nitrofurantoin

Ese Nitrofurantoin irakara ku ndwara z'impyiko?

Nitrofurantoin muri rusange ntisabwa ku bantu bafite indwara zikomeye z'impyiko. Uyu muti ukeneye imikorere myiza y'impyiko kugira ngo ubashe kugera ku gipimo gikwiye mu nkari zawe, kandi kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'impyiko bishobora kongera ibyago by'ingaruka ziterwa n'umuti.

Niba ufite ibibazo byoroheje by'impyiko, muganga wawe ashobora kugusabira nitrofurantoin ariko azakugenzura neza kandi ashobora guhindura urugero rwawo. Buri gihe menyesha umuganga wawe ibibazo byose by'impyiko mbere yo gutangira gufata uyu muti.

Nigute nzakora niba mfatanye nitrofurantoin nyinshi mu buryo butunganye?

Niba ufata nitrofurantoin nyinshi mu buryo butunganye, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura uburozi ako kanya. Gufata nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago by'ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane zikora ku muhaha wawe, umwijima, cyangwa imitsi.

Ntugerageze kwivugisha umuriro keretse niba ubisabwe n'umuganga. Bika urupapuro rw'umuti hamwe nawe igihe ujya kwa muganga kugira ngo abaganga babone neza icyo wafashe n'ingano yacyo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nibagiwe gufata urugero rwa Nitrofurantoin?

Niba wibagiwe gufata urugero rwa nitrofurantoin, urufate uko wibukije, keretse igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira kigeze. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero wibagiwe urukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe yo gufata imiti.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero wibagiwe, kuko ibyo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zidakunda. Niba ukunda kwibagirwa gufata imiti, tekereza gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone cyangwa gukoresha igikoresho cyo gutegura imiti kugira ngo bigufashe gukurikiza gahunda.

Nshobora guhagarika ryari gufata Nitrofurantoin?

Hagarika gufata nitrofurantoin gusa igihe urangije gahunda yose yategetswe na muganga wawe, kabone niyo wumva umeze neza rwose. Guhagarika kare bishobora korohereza bagiteri kubaho kandi bishobora gutuma bagira ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuti wica udukoko.

Niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye, vugana na muganga wawe mbere yo guhagarika umuti. Bashobora gukenera kuguha umuti utandukanye cyangwa guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvura aho kureka indwara yawe itavurwa.

Nshobora kunywa inzoga niba ndimo gufata Nitrofurantoin?

Nubwo nta mikoranire mibi igaragara hagati ya nitrofurantoin n'inzoga, akenshi ni byiza kwirinda cyangwa kugabanya kunywa inzoga mugihe uvura UTI. Inzoga ishobora kubuza umubiri wawe ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara kandi ishobora gukomeza ingaruka zidakunda nk'isuka n'izunguzungu.

Byongeye kandi, inzoga irashobora kurakaza uruhago rwawe kandi bishobora gutinda gukira kwawe UTI. Jya wibanda ku kuguma ufite amazi menshi n'andi mazi atarimo inzoga kugira ngo ushyigikire uburyo bwawe bwo gukira.