Icyo Ocriplasmin ari cyo: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Ocriplasmin ni urushinge rwihariye rwo mu jisho rufasha kuvura indwara yihariye yitwa vitreomacular adhesion. Uyu muti ukora usenya umubano udasanzwe hagati y'ibice bibiri by'ijisho ryawe - gel ya vitreous na macula (igice cya retina yawe gishinzwe kureba neza, hagati).

Niba muganga wawe yaragusabye ocriplasmin, birashoboka ko urimo guhangana n'imihindukire y'ubureba igira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi. Ubu buvuzi bugereranya iterambere rikomeye mu kwita ku maso, ritanga uburyo butagoye kubaga ijisho gakondo kubarwayi bamwe.

Ocriplasmin ni iki?

Ocriplasmin ni umuti ushingiye kuri enzyme uterwa mu jisho ryawe kugirango uvure vitreomacular adhesion. Ni poroteyine isukuye ikora nk'imikasi ya molekile, isenya neza poroteyine zikora imibanire idashimishije mu jisho ryawe.

Uyu muti ukomoka kuri enzyme nini yitwa plasmin, umubiri wawe ukora mu buryo bwa kamere. Abahanga bahinduye iyi enzyme kugirango bayigire intego kandi ikore neza mu kuvura indwara zihariye z'amaso. Tekereza nk'igikoresho cyagenewe neza imiterere y'amaso yoroshye.

Ubu buvuzi buri bushya mu isi yo kwita ku maso, bwemejwe na FDA mu 2012. Igurishwa ku izina rya Jetrea kandi ryerekana intambwe ikomeye kubantu mbere bari bafite uburyo bwo kuvurwa butagira umubare.

Ocriplasmin ikoreshwa kubiki?

Ocriplasmin ivura vitreomacular adhesion, indwara aho ikintu gisa na gel mumaso yawe (vitreous) gifata mu buryo butari busanzwe kuri macula yawe. Uyu mubano udashimishije ushobora gutera ibibazo by'ubureba, harimo guhumirwa cyangwa guhinduka kw'ubureba bwo hagati.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba ubu buvuzi niba urimo kugira ibimenyetso nk'imirongo igororotse isa nk'iyigonda, kugorana gusoma, cyangwa ibibazo byo gukora imirimo irambuye. Iyi ndwara ikunda gufata abantu barengeje imyaka 65, nubwo ishobora kubaho ku myaka iyo ari yo yose.

Mu bindi bihe, ocriplasmin ishobora no gufasha mu rwego ruto rw'utwobo duto twa macular - amarira mato mu macula ashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku iyerekwa ryawe ryo hagati. Ariko, ifite akamaro kanini ku twobo duto kurusha mikrometero 400 z'ubugari.

Ocriplasmin ikora ite?

Ocriplasmin ikora isenya poroteyine zihagarika gel ya vitreous ku macula yawe. Igenzura poroteyine zifite izina rya fibronectin na laminin, zo zikaba ari zo zikomeje guteza uku kwifatanya kutari kwo.

Iyo imaze guterwa mu jisho ryawe, umuti utangira gukora mu masaha make cyangwa iminsi. Mu by'ukuri isenya “gulu” ya molekile itera ikibazo, ikemerera vitreous yawe gutandukana mu buryo busanzwe na macula. Ubu buryo bwitwa vitreous detachment.

Uyu muti ufashwe nk'ufite imbaraga ziringaniye mu kuvura amaso. Ufite imbaraga zihagije zo gutuma gutandukana kwifuzwa ariko ukaba woroshye bihagije kugirango wirinde kwangiza ibice by'umubiri byuzuye ubuzima. Abantu benshi barabona impinduka mu byumweru bike, nubwo bamwe bashobora kubona impinduka mbere.

Nkwiriye gufata Ocriplasmin nte?

Ocriplasmin itangwa nk'urushinge rumwe rutewe mu jisho ryawe na muganga w'amaso (ophthalmologist cyangwa retinal specialist). Ubu buryo bwitwa intravitreal injection kandi bukorerwa mu biro bya muganga wawe cyangwa ahantu hakorerwa imirimo yo kubaga abantu batari abarwayi bafashwe.

Mbere yo gutera urushinge, muganga wawe azahanagura ahantu hose hakikije ijisho ryawe hanyuma ashyireho amavuta agabanya ububabare. Ashobora no kuguha amavuta arwanya mikorobe kugirango wirinde indwara. Uru rushinge nyirizina rutwara amasegonda make, nubwo gahunda yose ishobora kumara iminota 30-60.

Ntugomba kwiyiriza ubanza gukorerwa ubu buryo, kandi urashobora kurya uko bisanzwe mbere yaho. Ariko, ugomba guteganya umuntu uzakujyana mu rugo, kuko amaso yawe ashobora guhuma by'agateganyo cyangwa kutamererwa neza nyuma yo guterwa urushinge.

Nyuma yo guterwa urushinge, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko ukoresha amavuta yo mu maso arwanya mikorobe mu gihe cy'iminsi runaka. Bazateganya kandi gahunda zo kugusuzuma kugira ngo bakurikirane uko urimo utera imbere kandi barebe niba ubu buvuzi bukora neza.

Nzamara Igihe Kingana Giki Nkoresha Ocriplasmin?

Ocriplasmin akenshi itangwa nk'urushinge rumwe, kandi abarwayi benshi ntibakeneye kongera kuvurwa. Umuti ukomeza gukora mu jisho ryawe mu byumweru byinshi nyuma yo guterwa urushinge, ugenda usenyera buhoro buhoro ibintu bitari bisanzwe byafatanye.

Muganga wawe azakurikirana uko utera imbere binyuze mu gusuzuma amaso buri gihe mu mezi akurikira. Izo gahunda zikunda kuba nyuma y'icyumweru kimwe, ukwezi kumwe, n'amezi atatu nyuma yo guterwa urushinge. Abarwayi bamwe bashobora gukenera gusuzumwa by'inyongera bitewe n'uko bitwara ku buvuzi.

Niba urushinge rwa mbere rutageze ku ntego nyuma y'amezi atatu, muganga wawe ashobora kuganira ku zindi nzira zo kuvura. Ariko, kongera guterwa inshinge za ocriplasmin ntibisanzwe, kuko umuti ukora mu mezi make ya mbere cyangwa se hakarebwa izindi nzira.

Ni Iyihe Miterere Ibaho Itera Ocriplasmin?

Abantu benshi bagira ibibazo bito nyuma yo guterwa urushinge rwa ocriplasmin, ibyo bikaba bisanzwe rwose uko ijisho ryawe rimenyera ubu buvuzi. Kumenya ibyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva witeguye kandi utagira impungenge nyinshi ku bijyanye n'inzira.

Ibibazo bisanzwe ushobora guhura nabyo birimo:

• Urubabare rw'amaso rw'agateganyo cyangwa kutamererwa neza (akenshi biba bito kandi bikemuka mu minsi mike)
• Kubona udushwi duto tuzerera cyangwa

  Ibi bimenyetso bisanzwe bikunze gukira mu cyumweru kimwe kandi ni ibimenyetso byerekana ko ijisho ryawe ryakiriye neza ubuvuzi. Muganga wawe azatanga amabwiriza arambuye ku buryo wakwitwara mu gihe ufite ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose.

  Ingaruka zikomeye ziragabanuka ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Izi ngorane zitabaho cyane zirimo:

  • Urubabare rukabije mu jisho rutagabanuka n'imiti igurishwa idasabye uruhushya rwa muganga
  • Gutakaza icyerekezo mu buryo butunguranye kandi bukomeye
  • Urumuri rugaragara cyangwa kongera ibintu bigenda mu jisho mu buryo butunguranye
  • Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu nk'ukwiyongera kw'umutuku, ibyuka, cyangwa umuriro
  • Kutagira umwanya w'ijisho (bigira ingaruka ku bagezeho munsi ya 1%)
  • Kongera cyane umuvuduko w'ijisho

  Nubwo izi ngorane zikomeye zitabaho cyane, ni ngombwa guhamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso. Kuvurwa vuba bishobora gukumira ibibazo by'icyerekezo bihoraho.

  Ninde utagomba gufata Ocriplasmin?

  Ocriplasmin ntikwiriye kuri buri wese ufite vitreomacular adhesion. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze kugira ngo amenye niba uri umukandida mwiza wo kuvurwa uku.

  Ntabwo ugomba guhabwa ocriplasmin niba ufite:

  • Ubwoko bw'ubwandu bw'ijisho cyangwa kubyimbirwa
  • Icyuho kinini cya macular (kinini kuri mikrometero 400)
  • Myopia nyinshi (ubugufi bukomeye) hamwe n'imihindagurikire ya retinal
  • Kubagwa ijisho rya vuba cyangwa ihungabana
  • Indwara zimwe na zimwe za retinal zigira ingaruka kuri macula
  • Proliferative diabetic retinopathy hamwe no gukura kw'imitsi y'amaraso

  Muganga wawe azanatekereza ku buzima bwawe muri rusange n'indi miti urimo gufata. Nubwo ocriplasmin iterwa mu jisho, ni ngombwa kuganira ku mateka yawe y'ubuzima kugira ngo wemeze ko ubuvuzi ari bwiza kuri wowe.

  Abagore batwite kandi bonka bagomba kuganira ku byago n'inyungu na muganga wabo, kuko hari amakuru make yerekeye ingaruka za ocriplasmin mu gihe cyo gutwita no konsa.

Izina ry'ubwoko rya Ocriplasmin

Ocriplasmin igurishwa ku izina ry'ubwoko rya Jetrea muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika no mu bindi bihugu byinshi. Iyi ni yo yonyine iboneka ku isoko ya ocriplasmin yo kuvura imibanire ya vitreomacular.

Jetrea ikorwa na Oxurion (mbere yitwaga ThromboGenics), isosiyete y'imiti y'Ababiligi yihariye mu kuvura amaso. Uyu muti uza mu gace kamwe gakoreshwa kamwe karimo 0.1 mL y'umuti.

Muganga wawe ashobora kwita kuri uyu muti izina iryo ariryo ryose - ocriplasmin cyangwa Jetrea - ariko ni umuti umwe. Izina ry'ubwoko rikunda gukoreshwa mu buvuzi no mu nyandiko z'ubwishingizi.

Izindi nzira zikoreshwa mu gihe cya Ocriplasmin

Niba ocriplasmin idakwiriye kubera uburwayi bwawe cyangwa niba itatanga ibisubizo byifuzwa, hariho ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Muganga wawe azagufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo bushobora gukora neza kubera uko uburwayi bwawe buteye.

Uburyo nyamukuru ni vitrectomy, uburyo bwo kubaga aho umuganga ubaga akuraho gel ya vitreous mu jisho ryawe akagisimbura umuti wa saline. Ubu bwoko bwo kubaga burakabije kurusha inshinge ya ocriplasmin ariko bufite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gukira mu kuvura imibanire ya vitreomacular.

Ku barwayi bamwe, kwitondera bishobora kuba bikwiriye, cyane cyane niba ibimenyetso ari bike. Ibyago byinshi by'imibanire ya vitreomacular bikira byonyine nyuma y'igihe kitari gito nta kuvurwa.

Izindi miti irimo gukorwaho ubushakashatsi kubera ibibazo bisa, ariko ocriplasmin iracyari yo yonyine yemewe na FDA yo kuvura imibanire ya vitreomacular. Umuganga wihariye mu kuvura urwungano rw'amaso ashobora kuganira uburyo bukora neza kubera urubanza rwawe rwihariye.

Ese Ocriplasmin iruta kubaga kwa vitrectomy?

Ocriplasmin na vitrectomy buri kimwe gifite inyungu zihariye, kandi guhitamo neza biterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'ibyo ukunda. Nta kuvurwa na kumwe kuruta - bikorera abarwayi batandukanye n'ibihe bitandukanye.

Ocriplasmin itanga inyungu nyinshi nk'uburyo butavuna. Uburyo bwo guterwa urushinge bufata iminota mike gusa, ntibusaba kubagwa rusange, kandi bufite igihe gito cyo gukira. Ubusanzwe ushobora gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe nyuma y'iminsi mike, kandi nta kaga ko gukora cataract, bishobora kubaho nyuma yo kubaga vitrectomy.

Ariko, kubagwa vitrectomy bifite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gutsinda, bikora mu byerekeye 90-95% by'imanza ugereranije n'urwego rwo gutsinda rwa ocriplasmin rwa 25-40%. Kubaga kandi byemerera muganga wawe gukemura ibindi bibazo by'amaso icyarimwe kandi bitanga ibisubizo byizewe.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'ubunini bw'icyuho icyo aricyo cyose cya macular, imbaraga za vitreomacular adhesion, imyaka yawe, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange mugihe asaba kuvurwa. Abaganga benshi bagerageza ocriplasmin mbere na mbere mugihe bikwiye, kuko bitavuna kandi bishobora kwirinda gukenera kubagwa.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Ocriplasmin

Ese Ocriplasmin iratekanye ku bantu barwaye diyabete?

Ocriplasmin irashobora kuba itekanye ku bantu barwaye diyabete, ariko muganga wawe azakenera gusuzuma neza imiterere y'ijisho ryawe mbere na mbere. Niba ufite retinopathy ya diyabete, cyane cyane ubwoko bwa proliferative hamwe no gukura kw'imitsi mishya y'amaraso, ocriplasmin ntishobora gushyirwaho.

Diyabete irashobora kugira ingaruka ku mbonerahamwe yawe muburyo butuma ocriplasmin idakora neza cyangwa ishobora guteza akaga. Muganga wawe azakora isuzuma ry'ijisho ryimbitse kandi ashobora gutegeka ibizamini byihariye byo gushushanya kugirango asuzume niba ocriplasmin ikwiriye kuri wewe.

Niba ufite diyabete igenzurwa neza nta mpinduka zigaragara za retinal, ocriplasmin iracyashobora kuba uburyo. Ikintu cyingenzi ni ukugirana ibiganiro byukuri n'inzobere yawe ya retinal yerekeye imicungire ya diyabete yawe n'ubuzima bw'ijisho muri rusange.

Nigute nkwiriye gukora niba mbonye ububabare bukomeye nyuma yo guterwa urushinge rwa Ocriplasmin?

Vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya niba wumva ububabare bukomeye mu jisho butagabanuka n’imiti igurishwa idasabye uruhushya cyangwa bukagenda bwiyongera uko igihe gihita. Nubwo kutumva neza biba bisanzwe nyuma yo guterwa urushinge, ububabare bukomeye bushobora kwerekana ikibazo gikeneye kuvurwa vuba.

Muganga wawe ashobora kwifuza gusuzuma ijisho ryawe kugira ngo arebe ibimenyetso by’ubwandu, umuvuduko w’ijisho wiyongereye, cyangwa ibindi bibazo. Bashobora kugusaba imiti ikomeye yo kugabanya ububabare cyangwa izindi nshuti ziterwa bitewe n’icyo basanze.

Ntugategereze ngo urebe niba ububabare bukomeye bugenda bwizana. Kuvura hakiri kare birinda ibibazo bikomeye kandi bigafasha kurengera ijisho ryawe. Amavuriro menshi y’amaso afite imibare yo guhamagara nyuma y’amasaha y’akazi kubera ibibazo byihutirwa.

Nzamenya ryari niba Ocriplasmin ikora?

Ushobora gutangira kubona impinduka mu mikorere y’ijisho ryawe mu byumweru bya mbere nyuma yo guterwa urushinge, nubwo abarwayi bamwe babona impinduka mbere. Umuti ukomeza gukora mu byumweru byinshi, bityo ntugahagarike umutima niba utabonye ibisubizo ako kanya.

Muganga wawe azakurikiza uko urugendo rwawe rugenda binyuze mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa buri gihe, akenshi giteganijwe nyuma y’icyumweru kimwe, ukwezi kumwe, n’amezi atatu nyuma yo guterwa urushinge. Bazakoresha ibizamini byihariye byo kugaragaza niba imikorere y’ijisho ryawe irimo irekurwa.

Mu gihe cy’amezi atatu, muganga wawe akenshi ashobora kumenya niba imiti yaragize icyo igeraho. Niba ocriplasmin itaragize icyo igeraho mu gihe cyose, bashobora kuganira nawe ku buryo bwo kuvura butandukanye.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka nyuma yo guterwa Ocriplasmin?

Ntugomba gutwara imodoka ako kanya nyuma yo guterwa urushinge rwa ocriplasmin, kuko imikorere y’ijisho ryawe ishobora kuba itagaragara cyangwa itameze neza. Teganya ko hari umuntu uzakujyana mu rugo avuye mu gihe cyo gusuzumwa.

Abarwayi benshi bashobora gusubira gutwara imodoka mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, igihe imikorere y’ijisho ryabo imaze gusobanuka kandi kutumva neza kwose kumaze gushira. Ariko, ugomba gutegereza kugeza wumva ko imikorere y’ijisho ryawe itekanye gutwara imodoka kandi ushobora gusoma ibimenyetso byo mu muhanda neza.

Umuvuzi wawe azaguha ubujyanama bwihariye ku gihe ushobora gusubira gutwara imodoka bitewe n'uko ijisho ryawe ryitwara nyuma yo kuvurwa. Niba ufite impungenge ku birebana n'uburemere bw'amaso yawe nyuma yo guterwa urushinge, ntugatinye kuvugisha ibiro by'umuganga wawe.

Ese hari ingaruka zirambye za Ocriplasmin?

Abantu benshi barwaye ntibagira ingaruka zirambye zo ku ruhande rwo kuvurwa na ocriplasmin. Uyu muti ugamije gukora by'agateganyo hanyuma ukavanwa mu jisho ryawe mu buryo busanzwe uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Abantu bamwe barwaye bashobora kubona impinduka zihoraho mu buryo babona ibintu byo mu maso cyangwa ubuziranenge butandukanye bw'amaso, ariko ibi bikunze guhuzwa n'uburwayi bw'ibanze aho kuba umuti ubwawo. Intego ni ukunoza imibonere yawe yose n'ubuzima bwiza.

Umuvuzi wawe azakomeza gukurikirana ubuzima bw'ijisho ryawe mu gihe cyo gukurikirana inama kugira ngo yemeze ko nta ngaruka zirambye zitari ziteganijwe zibaho. Niba ubonye impinduka zidasanzwe mu mibonere yawe nyuma y'amezi cyangwa imyaka uvujwe, vugana n'umuganga wawe wita ku maso kugira ngo agupime.