Icyo Odevixibat ari cyo: Ibyo ikoreshwa, urugero rwo gufata, ingaruka zayo n'ibindi

Odevixibat ni umuti wihariye ufasha kuvura indwara idasanzwe yo mu mwijima yitwa progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). Uyu muti wandikirwa na muganga ukora ubugenzuzi bwo guhagarika abantu bafite bile acid transporters mu mara yawe, ibi bikaba byagufasha kugabanya gushaka cyane no kwangirika k'umwijima biza hamwe n'iyi ndwara.

Niba wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda yarandikiwe odevixibat, birashoboka ko ufite ibibazo byerekeye uburyo ikora n'icyo wakwitega. Uyu muti uhagarariye intambwe ikomeye ku miryango ihanganye na PFIC, itanga icyizere aho uburyo bwo kuvura bwari buke cyane.

Odevixibat ni iki?

Odevixibat ni umuti unyobwa mu kanwa wagenewe kuvura progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). PFIC ni indwara idasanzwe ya genetike igira ingaruka ku buryo umwijima wawe utunganya bile acids, bigatuma ugira gushaka cyane no kwangirika kw'umwijima.

Uyu muti ubarirwa mu cyiciro cy'imiti yitwa ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) inhibitors. Tekereza nk'umuntu uhagarika byihariye ubu buryo bwo gufata ibintu, bukumira amara yawe gusubiza bile acid nyinshi, ari nayo ntandaro y'ibimenyetso bya PFIC.

Uyu muti watejwe imbere nyuma y'imyaka y'ubushakashatsi ku ndwara zidasanzwe zo mu mwijima. Yahawe uburenganzira na FDA mu 2021, bituma uba umuti wa mbere wemewe by'umwihariko wo kuvura PFIC ku barwayi b'abana.

Odevixibat ikoreshwa mu kuvura iki?

Odevixibat ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) ku barwayi bafite amezi atatu n'abarenze. PFIC ituma bile acids yiyongera mu mwijima wawe aho gutembera bisanzwe mu mara yawe.

Ibimenyetso nyamukuru uyu muti ufasha kuvura birimo gushaka cyane, guhoraho bishobora guca intege. Abarwayi benshi bafite PFIC bagira gushaka gukabije bigatuma bataryama, bikabangamira ishuri, akazi, n'ibikorwa bya buri munsi.

Uretse gufasha kugabanya ibibazo byo kuribwa, odevixibat ishobora no gufasha kugabanya umuvuduko w’uburwayi bw’umwijima. Nubwo atari umuti wa PFIC, ishobora gufasha cyane mu kunoza imibereho kandi ikaba yateza imbere igihe cyo gukenera kwimurwa kw’umwijima ku barwayi bamwe.

Odevixibat ikora ite?

Odevixibat ikora ibuza poroteyine yihariye yitwa ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) mu mara yawe mato. Iyi poroteyine isanzwe isubiza aside ya bile mu mwijima wawe, ariko ku barwayi ba PFIC, iyi nzira ituma aside ya bile yiyongera.

Muri uko kubuza iyi transporter, odevixibat ituma aside ya bile nyinshi isohoka mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu kwituma aho gusubira mu mwijima wawe. Ibi bifasha kugabanya umubare wa aside ya bile mu maraso yawe no mu gice cy’umwijima.

Uyu muti ufashwe nk’ufite imbaraga ziringaniye ku ntego yawo yihariye. Nubwo ifite akamaro kanini mu kubuza aside ya bile gusubizwa mu mubiri, yagenewe gukora buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda cyangwa itanga ubufasha bwihuse.

Nkwiriye gufata odevixibat nte?

Odevixibat ikwiriye gufatwa nk’uko byategetswe na muganga wawe, akenshi rimwe ku munsi mu gitondo. Uyu muti uza mu buryo bwa capsule zishobora kumirwa zose cyangwa zigafungurwa zigateranywa n’ibiryo ku barwayi bato batabasha kumira imiti.

Ukwiriye gufata odevixibat hamwe n’ibiryo kugira ngo bifashe umubiri wawe kuyimira neza. Ifunguro rito rya mu gitondo cyangwa agafunguro gato birahagije. Kuyifata ku gifu cyambaye ubusa bishobora kugabanya imikorere yayo.

Niba ukeneye gufungura capsule, ushobora kuvanga ibiyirimo ku gice gito cy’ibiryo byoroshye nk’amashu cyangwa yogati. Wibuke kurya uruvange rwose ako kanya kandi ntugire icyo ubika.

Gerageza gufata urugero rwawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urwego ruhamye mu mubiri wawe. Ibi bifasha umuti gukora neza cyane.

Nkwiriye gufata odevixibat igihe kingana iki?

Odevixibat akenshi ni uburyo bwo kuvura PFIC igihe kirekire, bivuze ko bishoboka ko uzakenera kuyifata buri gihe igihe cyose ifasha ibimenyetso byawe. Kubera ko PFIC ari indwara ya genetike idakira, guhagarika imiti mubisanzwe bisobanura ko ibimenyetso bizagaruka.

Muganga wawe azagenzura uko witwara ku muti buri gihe, akenshi agenzura ibimenyetso byawe n'imikorere y'umwijima buri mezi make. Abantu bamwe babona impinduka mu kuribwa mu byumweru bike, mu gihe abandi bishobora kubatwara amezi menshi kugira ngo babone inyungu zose.

Igihe cyo kuvurwa giterwa n'uko witwara ku muti neza n'uko ubona ingaruka zose zikomeye. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi rizakorana nawe kugira ngo rimenye gahunda nziza y'igihe kirekire ku miterere yawe yihariye.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Odevixibat?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, odevixibat ishobora gutera ingaruka, nubwo abantu benshi bayihanganira neza. Ingaruka zisanzwe ni izijyanye n'impinduka zo mu igogora kuko umuti ugira uruhare mu buryo umubiri wawe utunganya aside ya bile.

Dore ingaruka zikunze kuvugwa ushobora guhura nazo:

• Impiswi cyangwa imyanda yoroshye
• Urubavu cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Isesemi
• Kuruka
• Umunaniro
• Kugabanya ubushake bwo kurya

Inyinshi muri izi ngaruka zo mu igogora zikunda kuba zoroshye kugeza hagati kandi akenshi zikagenda neza uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza umuti mu byumweru bike bya mbere byo kuvurwa.

Abantu bamwe bashobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye ariko zitabaho cyane. Izi zirimo impiswi ikaze itera umwuma, kuribwa cyane mu nda, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'umwijima nk'uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo.

Ingaruka zidakunze kubaho ariko zikomeye zirimo allergie ikaze, nubwo ibi bitabaho cyane. Ibimenyetso bya allergie ikaze birimo guhumeka bigoranye, kubyimba mu maso cyangwa mu muhogo, cyangwa ibibara bikaze ku ruhu.

Vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya niba urwaye kuruka bihoraho, impiswi zikabije, ibimenyetso byo kumuka amazi, cyangwa ibimenyetso byose biguteye impungenge.

Ninde Utagomba Gufata Odevixibat?

Odevixibat ntibereye buri wese, ndetse n'abafite PFIC. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza niba uyu muti ukwiriye imiterere yawe mbere yo kuwugena.

Ntugomba gufata odevixibat niba ufite allergie izwi ku muti cyangwa ibikoresho byawo byose. Abantu bafite ubwoko bw'indwara z'umwijima zitari PFIC nabo ntibashobora kuba abakandida beza kuri ubu buvuzi.

Uyu muti usaba ko witonderwa cyane ku barwayi bafite indwara zikabije z'impyiko, kuko imikorere y'impyiko igira uruhare mu buryo umubiri wawe ukoresha umuti. Muganga wawe ashobora gukenera guhindura urugero rwawe cyangwa akagukurikiranira hafi niba ufite ibibazo by'impyiko.

Abagore batwite cyangwa bonka bagomba kuganira ku byago n'inyungu n'umuganga wabo. Nubwo ubushakashatsi ku bagore batwite bugihari, uyu muti ushobora kuba ngombwa niba inyungu ziruta ibyago bishoboka.

Abana bari munsi y'amezi atatu ntibagomba guhabwa odevixibat, kuko umutekano n'imikorere byayo bitarashyirwaho muri iki cyiciro cy'imyaka.

Izina ry'Ubwoko bwa Odevixibat

Odevixibat igurishwa ku izina ry'ubwoko rya Bylvay muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika n'ibindi bihugu. Bylvay ikorwa na Albireo Pharma kandi niyo yonyine iboneka ku isoko ya odevixibat.

Uyu muti uboneka mu mbaraga zitandukanye za capsule kugirango zihabwe ibikenewe bitandukanye byo gupima, cyane cyane ko bikoreshwa ku bana n'abantu bakuru. Farumasi yawe izatanga imbaraga zihariye muganga wawe yagennye.

Kubera ko uyu ari umuti wihariye w'indwara idasanzwe, Bylvay ntishobora kuboneka muri farumasi zose. Muganga wawe cyangwa umufarumasiti ashobora kugufasha gutegura kubona umuti binyuze muri serivisi za farumasi zihariye niba bibaye ngombwa.

Uburyo Bindi Bw'Odevixibat

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya PFIC ni bike, ibyo bikaba ari byo bituma odevixibat ari intambwe ikomeye. Mbere y'uko uyu muti uboneka, ubuvuzi bwashyiraga imbaraga cyane mu gukemura ibimenyetso n'ingaruka.

Ubuvuzi bwa gakondo abaganga bashobora gukoresha hamwe na odevixibat cyangwa mu mwanya wayo harimo imiti ifata aside ya bile nka cholestyramine. Iyi miti ikora mu buryo butandukanye bwo gufata aside ya bile mu mara yawe, ariko akenshi ntigira ingaruka nziza kandi biragoye kuyihanganira.

Ku byago bikomeye bititabira ubuvuzi bwa muganga, gushyira umwijima mu wundi biracyari uburyo bwo kuvura bwizewe. Ariko, odevixibat ishobora gufasha gutinda gukenera gushyira umwijima mu wundi ku barwayi bamwe.

Abantu barwaye bamwe bungukirwa n'ubuvuzi bufasha nka antihistamines ku gishyitsi, ibyongerera imirire ku mavitamini ashonga mu mavuta, no gukurikirana neza imikorere y'umwijima. Ubu buvuzi buvura ibimenyetso ariko ntibugamije icyateye indwara nk'uko odevixibat ibikora.

Ese Odevixibat iruta Cholestyramine?

Odevixibat na cholestyramine bikora binyuze mu buryo butandukanye, bigatuma kugereranya mu buryo butaziguye bigorana. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bwa kliniki butanga icyerekezo ko odevixibat ishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku barwayi benshi ba PFIC.

Cholestyramine isaba doze nyinshi ku munsi kandi birashobora kugorana kuyifata, cyane cyane ku bana. Akenshi itera gukara kandi ishobora kubangamira imitsi yindi n'imirire.

Odevixibat itanga uburyo bwo gufata doze rimwe ku munsi kandi ikunda kwihanganirwa neza n'abarwayi benshi. Igeragezwa rya kliniki ryagaragaje ko ryagize ingaruka nziza kurusha placebo mu kugabanya gishyitsi ku barwayi ba PFIC.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'imyaka yawe, ibimenyetso, imiti yindi, n'uburyo wabyitwayemo ku buvuzi bwa mbere mu gufata icyemezo hagati y'izi nzira. Abantu barwaye bamwe bashobora no gukoresha iyi miti yombi hamwe niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Odevixibat

Ese Odevixibat irakwiriye ku bana?

Yego, odevixibat yemerejwe gukoreshwa ku bana bafite amezi atatu y'amavuko. Uyu muti wizezwa cyane ku barwayi b'abana kuko PFIC ikunda gufata abana.

Ibizamini byakorewe ku barwayi byari bigizwe n'abana bato kugeza ku bantu bakuru, bitonderwa cyane ku bipimo no ku mutekano mu byiciro by'imyaka mito. Imiterere y'ingaruka ziterwa n'uyu muti isa nk'aho imeze kimwe mu byiciro by'imyaka yose, nubwo abana bashobora kwitaba cyane ingaruka zo mu nzira y'igogora.

Umuganga w'umwana wawe azabara urugero rukwiye rwa dose ashingiye ku gipimo cy'uburemere bwabo kandi abagenzure neza ku buryo bwose bw'ubushobozi n'ingaruka ziterwa n'uyu muti. Ibiganiro bisanzwe byo gukurikirana ni ngombwa kugirango tumenye neza ko umuti ukomeza kuba mwiza kandi ufasha.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyweye odevixibat ku buryo butunganye?

Niba unyweye odevixibat ku buryo butunganye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana n'umuganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya ubumara ako kanya. Kunywa byinshi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane ibibazo byo mu nzira y'igogora.

Kunywa umuti mwinshi bishobora gutera impiswi ikabije, kumuka amazi mu mubiri, kutagira imyunyungugu ihagije, cyangwa kuribwa mu nda. Izi ngaruka zishobora kuba zikomeye, cyane cyane ku bana cyangwa abantu bafite izindi ndwara.

Ntugerageze kwisuka amavunja keretse ubitegetswe n'umuganga. Bika icupa ry'umuti hamwe nawe igihe ushakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi kugirango abaganga bamenye neza icyo wanyoye n'ingano yacyo.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nanyimye urugero rwa odevixibat?

Niba wanyimye urugero rwa odevixibat, unywe ako kanya wibukira, igihe cyose bitari hafi y'igihe cyo gufata urugero rwawe rukurikira. Niba igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira kigeze, reka urugero wanyimye ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntunywe urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugirango usubize urugero wanyimye, kuko ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka ziterwa n'uyu muti. Kunywa urugero ebyiri ntizatanga inyungu yinyongera kandi bishobora kuba byangiza.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa imiti, gerageza gushyiraho alarme ya buri munsi cyangwa ukoreshe agasanduku kabugenewe kugufasha kwibuka. Gukoresha imiti buri munsi bifasha kugumana urugero rwawo mu mubiri wawe.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Odevixibat?

Ugomba kureka gufata odevixibat gusa ubisabwe na muganga wawe. Kubera ko PFIC ari indwara ihoraho, kureka imiti mubisanzwe bisobanura ko ibimenyetso byawe bizagaruka.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kureka cyangwa guhindura imiti yawe niba uhuye n'ingaruka zikomeye, niba imiti itagikora neza, cyangwa niba ubuzima bwawe buhinduka cyane.

Mbere yo guhindura gahunda yawe y'imiti, ganira impungenge zawe n'ikipe y'ubuvuzi. Bashobora kugufasha gupima inyungu n'ibibazo byo gukomeza cyangwa kureka imiti.

Nshobora gufata Odevixibat hamwe n'indi miti?

Odevixibat irashobora guhura n'indi miti, bityo ni ngombwa kubwira muganga wawe imiti yose, ibiyongera, n'ibicuruzwa by'ibyatsi urimo gufata. Ibi birimo imiti yandikwa na muganga, imiti igurishwa itagomba kwandikwa na muganga, na vitamine.

Imiti irashobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe winjiza vitamine zishonga mu mavuta (A, D, E, na K), bityo muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba ibiyongera bya vitamine cyangwa gukurikirana urugero rwawe neza.

Imiti imwe yinjizwa mu gice kimwe cy'urura rwawe nka odevixibat ishobora kugira imikorere ihindutse. Muganga wawe ashobora gukenera guhindura igihe cyangwa urugero rwa indi miti kugirango wirinde guhura.