Ni iki Phenytoin: Ibikoresho, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Phenytoin ni umuti ufasha gukumira no kugenzura ibyuririzi binyuze mu guhosha imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko bwawe. Abaganga bamaze imyaka myinshi bawizera kugira ngo bafashe abantu barwaye indwara ya epilepsi kubaho ubuzima busanzwe, butagira ibyuririzi.

Uyu muti urwanya ibyuririzi ukora nk'uburyo bwo guhagarika buhoro buhoro ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi byo mu bwonko bwawe. Iyo uturemangingo tw'imitsi yo mu bwonko bwawe bikabije gukora cyane kandi bigakora vuba cyane, phenytoin irinjira kugira ngo itume ibintu bigenda gahoro kandi isubize ibintu mu buryo.

Ni iki Phenytoin ari cyo?

Phenytoin ni umwe mu itsinda ry'imiti yitwa anticonvulsants cyangwa imiti irwanya epilepsi. Yagenewe gukumira ibikorwa by'amashanyarazi mu bwonko bwawe bituma habaho ibyuririzi.

Ushobora kumenya uyu muti ku izina ry'ubucuruzi, Dilantin. Iza mu buryo butandukanye burimo ibinini, amavuta, n'umuti w'amazi kugira ngo byorohereze abantu b'imyaka yose kuwufata.

Uyu muti umaze gufasha abantu gucunga epilepsi kuva mu myaka ya 1930. Abaganga bawufata nk'umuti w'ingenzi kuko ufite akamaro kandi usobanukiwe neza.

Phenytoin ikoreshwa mu iki?

Phenytoin ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukumira no kugenzura ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibyuririzi ku bantu barwaye epilepsi. Ifite akamaro cyane cyane ku byuririzi rusange bya tonic-clonic (byahoze byitwa ibyuririzi bikomeye) n'ibyuririzi bya partial.

Muganga wawe ashobora no kugutera phenytoin kugira ngo akumire ibyuririzi mu gihe cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa mu bwonko. Rimwe na rimwe, ikoreshwa mu bitaro kugira ngo ihagarike ibyuririzi birebire bititabira izindi nshuti.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe, abaganga bashobora gukoresha phenytoin ku bwoko runaka bw'uburibwe bw'imitsi cyangwa ibibazo by'umutima. Ariko, izi nshuti ntizisanzwe kandi zisaba gukurikiranwa neza.

Phenytoin ikora ite?

Phenytoin ikora mu guhagarika imiyoboro ya sodium mu turemangingo tw'imitsi yo mu bwonko bwawe. Tekereza kuri iyi miyoboro nk'inzira ntoya igenzura ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi hagati y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko.

Iyo iyi miryango igumye ikinguye igihe kirekire, uturemangingo tw'imitsi y'ubwonko turahaguruka cyane maze tugatangira gukora vuba, bikaba byatera ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara. Phenytoin ifasha kwirinda ko iyi miryango iguma ikinguye igihe kirekire, ikarinda imiyaga y'amashanyarazi itera gufatwa n'indwara.

Uyu muti ufatwa nk'umuti ukomeye kandi ufite akamaro. Ntugutera gusinzira nk'uko bimeze ku yindi miti ivura gufatwa n'indwara, ni yo mpamvu abantu benshi bashobora gukomeza imirimo yabo ya buri munsi bayifata.

Nkwiriye gufata Phenytoin nte?

Fata phenytoin nk'uko umuganga wawe abikwandikiye, akenshi rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi. Urashobora kuyifata urya cyangwa utarya, ariko kuyifata urya bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibibazo byo mu nda.

Mimina ibinini byose hamwe n'ikirahure cyuzuye cy'amazi. Ntugasya, ntukore, cyangwa ufungure ibinini keretse umuganga wawe abikubwiye by'umwihariko.

Gerageza gufata umuti wawe ku gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urwego ruzigama mu maraso yawe. Niba ufata umuti mu buryo bw'amazi, nyeganyeza neza icupa mbere yo gufata urugero rwose kandi ukoreshe igikoresho cyo gupima kiza hamwe nawo.

Irinde gufata phenytoin hamwe n'amata cyangwa ibiryo bikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu, kuko kalisiyumu ishobora kubuza umubiri kuyinjiza. Ni byiza kandi kwirinda inzoga mugihe ufata uyu muti.

Nkwiriye gufata Phenytoin igihe kingana iki?

Abantu benshi barwaye igicuri bakeneye gufata phenytoin imyaka myinshi, kandi bamwe bashobora kuyikeneye ubuzima bwabo bwose. Igihe bizamara biterwa n'ubwoko bw'ibibazo byawe byo gufatwa n'indwara n'uburyo wemera neza ubuvuzi.

Umuganga wawe akenshi azashaka ko umaze byibura imyaka ibiri udafatwa n'indwara mbere yo gutekereza niba wagabanya cyangwa ukareka umuti. Ntukigere ureka gufata phenytoin ako kanya, kuko ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara biteye akaga.

Niba wowe n'umuganga wawe mwemeje kureka phenytoin, bizakorwa buhoro buhoro mu byumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi. Iyi nzira yo kugabanya buhoro ifasha kwirinda ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara bitewe no kuva ku muti.

Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Phenytoin?

Kimwe n'imiti yose, phenytoin ishobora gutera ingaruka zidakunda, nubwo atari buri wese uzagira izo ngaruka. Ingaruka nyinshi zidakunda ziba zoroheje kandi zikagenda zikira uko umubiri wawe umenyera umuti.

Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara ushobora kubona zirimo isereri, gusinzira cyane, no kugira ibibazo byo guhuza ibice by'umubiri cyangwa kubura uburinganire. Ibi bikunze kubaho igihe utangiye gufata umuti cyangwa igihe urugero rw'umuti ruzamutse.

Dore ingaruka zikunze kugaragara abantu bamwe bagira:

• Urubura rwo mu ishinya no kumva risharira
• Kongera imisatsi ku maso no ku mubiri
• Uruhu ruruka cyangwa ibiheri
• Isesemi cyangwa kuribwa mu nda
• Umuriro cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi
• Urujijo cyangwa kugorana kwibanda

Izi ngaruka zisanzwe muri rusange ziragendeshwa kandi akenshi zigabanuka uko igihe kigenda. Isuku nziza yo mu kanwa ishobora gufasha mu bibazo by'ishinya, kandi impinduka zo ku ruhu akenshi ziragaruka.

Ingaruka zikomeye ntizikunze kugaragara ariko zisaba ubufasha bwihuse bw'abaganga. Izi ngaruka zitagaragara ariko z'ingenzi zirimo:

• Uruhu rukomeye ruruka ruriho ibibyimba cyangwa rukuruka
• Uruhu cyangwa amaso y'umuhondo (umwijima)
• Gukomereka cyangwa kuva amaraso bidasanzwe
• Isereri rikomeye cyangwa guta umutwe
• Kugorana kuvuga cyangwa kuvuga nabi
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa umutima utera nabi

Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, vugana n'umuganga wawe ako kanya. Nubwo izi ngaruka zitagaragara, kumenya no kuvura kare ni iby'ingenzi.

Ninde utagomba gufata Phenytoin?

Phenytoin ntabwo ikwiriye kuri buri wese. Muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe mbere yo kugusaba uyu muti.

Ntugomba gufata phenytoin niba ufite allergie kuri wo cyangwa indi miti isa nawo. Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umutima, indwara y'umwijima, cyangwa indwara z'amaraso bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bundi.

Ukwitonda bidasanzwe birakenewe niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bibazo:

• Ibibazo byo ku mwijima cyangwa hepatite
• Indwara z'umutima cyangwa umutima utera nabi
• Diyabete
• Ibibazo by'amagufa cyangwa osteoporosis
• Umutima mubi cyangwa ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura
• Kugwa mu biyobyabwenge by'inzoga

Abagore batwite bakeneye kwitabwaho by'umwihariko, kuko phenytoin ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y'umwana uri mu nda. Ariko kandi, ibibazo byo gufatwa n'indwara mu gihe cyo gutwita nabyo bishobora guteza akaga, bityo muganga wawe azagereranya ibyago n'inyungu abyitondeye.

Amazina y'ubwoko bwa Phenytoin

Izina ry'ubwoko buzwi cyane rya phenytoin ni Dilantin, ikorwa na Pfizer. Ubu bwoko bumaze imyaka myinshi bukoreshwa kandi bwemewe na benshi mu bakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima.

Andi mazina y'ubwoko arimo Phenytek, iza mu buryo bwa capsule zifata igihe kinini. Ubwoko bwa phenytoin busanzwe buraboneka kandi bukora neza nk'ubwoko bw'amazina.

Umuti w'abantu ushobora kuguha capsule zitandukanye rimwe na rimwe, ariko zose zikubiyemo umuti umwe ukora. Niba ufite impungenge zo guhindura hagati y'ubwoko, ganira ibi na muganga wawe cyangwa umuti w'abantu.

Uburyo bwa Phenytoin bwakoreshwa

Imiti myinshi ikoreshwa mu kurwanya indwara zifatana ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ubundi buryo bwa phenytoin. Muganga wawe ashobora kubitekereza niba phenytoin itagukundiye cyangwa itera ingaruka zikomeye.

Uburyo busanzwe burimo carbamazepine, aside ya valproic, n'imiti mishya nka levetiracetam cyangwa lamotrigine. Buri kimwe gifite inyungu zacyo n'ingaruka zishobora guteza.

Guhitamo ubundi buryo biterwa n'ubwoko bwihariye bw'indwara zifatana, izindi ndwara, n'uburyo witwara ku miti itandukanye. Ntukigere uhindura imiti ikoreshwa mu kurwanya indwara zifatana utabanje kubisaba muganga wawe.

Ese Phenytoin iruta Carbamazepine?

Byombi phenytoin na carbamazepine ni imiti ikora neza mu kurwanya indwara zifatana, ariko bikora mu buryo butandukanye gato kandi bifite ingaruka zitandukanye. Nta na kimwe kiruta ikindi.

Phenytoin ishobora gukundwa niba ukeneye umuti udakunze gutera ibitotsi cyangwa niba ufite ubwoko bw'ibihungabanyo bikira neza kuwo muti. Carbamazepine ishobora guhitwamo niba ufite impungenge z'ibibazo by'ishinya cyangwa ingaruka zo ku mubiri.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ku bwoko bw'ibihungabanyo ufite, izindi ndwara ufite, uko imiti ishobora gukorana, n'ibyo ukunda mu guhitamo hagati y'iyo miti. Igitera umuntu gukira neza gitandukanye ku muntu ku giti cye.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Kuri Phenytoin

Ese Phenytoin irakoreshwa neza ku bagore batwite?

Phenytoin ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y'umwana mu nda kandi ikongera ibyago byo kuvuka kw'abana bafite ubumuga, cyane cyane iminwa n'umunwa byacitse. Ariko, ibihungabanyo bitagendeshwa neza mu gihe cyo gutwita nabyo bishobora guteza akaga ku mubyeyi n'umwana.

Niba uteganya gutwita cyangwa ukamenya ko utwite ukoresha phenytoin, ntukahagarike umuti ako kanya. Ahubwo, vugana na muganga wawe ako kanya kugira ngo muganire ku buryo bwiza bwo gukemura ikibazo cyawe.

Muganga wawe ashobora guhindura urugero rw'umuti ukoresha, akaguha undi muti, cyangwa akagusaba kongera gufata imiti yongera aside ya folike kugira ngo agabanye ibyago. Kugenzura buri gihe mu gihe cyo gutwita ni ingenzi.

Ninkora iki niba nanyweye phenytoin nyinshi bitunguranye?

Niba unyweye phenytoin nyinshi bitunguranye kuruta uko byategetswe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gishinzwe gukurikirana uburozi ako kanya. Kunywa nyinshi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'isazi ikabije, urujijo, cyangwa ibibazo byo guhuza ibice by'umubiri.

Ibimenyetso byo kunywa phenytoin nyinshi birimo kuvuga nabi, kugorana kugenda, isesemi, n'ibitotsi. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku guhumeka n'umuvuduko w'umutima.

Ntugategereze kureba niba ibimenyetso bigaragara. N'iyo wumva umeze neza, ni ingenzi kubaza inama ya muganga kuko urugero rwa phenytoin rushobora kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe uko igihe kigenda.

Ninkora iki niba nibagiwe gufata urugero rwa phenytoin?

Niba wibagiwe gufata urugero, urufate uko wibukije, keretse igihe cyegereye igihe cyo gufata urugero rukurikira. Mu gihe bimeze bityo, reka urugero wibagiwe, maze ufate urugero rukurikira ku gihe cyagenwe.

Ntuzigere ufata urugero ebyiri icyarimwe kugira ngo usimbure urugero wibagiwe. Ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ingaruka zidakunda kandi bishobora kuzamura urugero rw'umuti mu maraso ku buryo buteye akaga.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa gufata urugero, tekereza gukoresha agasanduku k'imiti cyangwa gushyiraho ibyibutso kuri terefone yawe. Urwego rwo mu maraso ruhamye ni ingenzi mu gukumira ibyago byo gufatwa n'indwara.

Ni ryari nshobora kureka gufata Phenytoin?

Umwanzuro wo kureka gufata phenytoin ugomba gufatwa na muganga wawe, akenshi nyuma yo kumara byibura imyaka ibiri udafatwa n'indwara. Abantu bamwe bashobora gukenera kuyifata igihe kirekire cyangwa iteka ryose.

Muganga wawe azatekereza ibintu nk'ubwoko bw'indwara ufite, ibisubizo bya EEG, indwara zo mu bwonko zihishe, n'imibereho yawe ya buri munsi mu gihe afata umwanzuro niba byemewe kureka umuti.

Niba urekeye phenytoin, bizakorwa buhoro buhoro mu byumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi. Iyi ngabanyo yoroshye ifasha gukumira indwara ziterwa no kureka umuti, zishobora guteza akaga.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka nkanwa Phenytoin?

Niba ushobora gutwara imodoka biterwa n'uburyo indwara yawe igenzurwa neza n'niba phenytoin itera ingaruka zidakunda zigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara neza. Amategeko aratandukanye bitewe n'ahantu, bityo reba amategeko yaho utuye.

Ahantu henshi bisaba ko umaze igihe runaka udafatwa n'indwara mbere yo gutwara. N'iyo indwara yawe igenzurwa, ingaruka zidakunda nk'izunguruka cyangwa gusinzira bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara.

Ganira ku mutekano wo gutwara imodoka na muganga wawe, cyane cyane mu gihe utangiye gufata phenytoin cyangwa guhindura urugero. Bashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa igihe bishobora kuba byemewe gusubukura gutwara bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze.