Pilocarpine (Uburyo bwo mu maso) ni iki: Ibikoreshwa, Urutonde rw'imiti, Ingaruka ziterwa n'iyo miti n'ibindi

Amatonyanga y'amaso ya Pilocarpine ni umuti wandikirwa ugufasha kugabanya umuvuduko wo mu maso ku bantu bafite glaucoma cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi wo mu maso. Uyu muti ukora ufasha amazi kumanuka byoroshye mu jisho ryawe, ibi bikaba bishobora kurengera icyerekezo cyawe ku kwangirika guterwa n'umuvuduko mwinshi wo mu maso.

Niba warandikiwe amavuta y'amaso ya pilocarpine, ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byerekeye uko ikora, icyo witegura, n'uko wayikoresha neza. Reka tunyuremo ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kuri uyu muti w'amaso w'ingenzi mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse.

Pilocarpine ni iki?

Pilocarpine ni umuti wo mu itsinda ryitwa cholinergic agonists. Iyo ishyizweho nk'amatonyanga y'amaso, ikora mu jisho ryawe kugira ngo ifashe gucunga ibibazo aho umuvuduko wo mu maso uba mwinshi cyane.

Uyu muti umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa neza mu kuvura glaucoma n'ibibazo by'amaso bifitanye isano. Iza mu isura y'amazi asobanutse ushyira mu jisho ryawe, akenshi nk'amatonyanga ava mu icupa rito.

Umuvuzi w'amaso yawe ashobora kwandika pilocarpine iyo umuvuduko wo mu jisho ryawe ukeneye kugabanywa kugira ngo wirinde gutakaza icyerekezo. Uyu muti ni ingirakamaro cyane kuko ukora vuba kandi ushobora gukoreshwa hamwe n'izindi miti ya glaucoma.

Pilocarpine ikoreshwa mu iki?

Amatonyanga y'amaso ya Pilocarpine akoreshwa cyane cyane mu kuvura glaucoma na ocular hypertension. Ibi bibazo byombi bikubiyemo umuvuduko mwinshi kuruta uko bisanzwe mu jisho ryawe, bishobora kwangiza buhoro buhoro urugingo rw'amaso rwawe rugatuma utakaza icyerekezo niba bitavuwe.

Muri glaucoma, amazi asanzwe azenguruka mu jisho ryawe ntabwo amanuka neza, bigatuma umuvuduko wiyongera. Pilocarpine ifasha mu gukora sisitemu yo kumanuka neza, ikemerera amazi yarenze urugero gusohoka mu jisho ryawe.

Muganga wawe ashobora no kukwandikira pilocarpine kubera umuvuduko mwinshi mu jisho, ni ukuvuga igihe umuvuduko wo mu jisho ryawe wazamutse ariko utaratera imitsi yo mu jisho yangirika. Kuvura iyi ndwara hakiri kare bishobora gufasha kuyirinda gukura ikaba glaucome.

Rimwe na rimwe, pilocarpine ikoreshwa mu gihe cy'ibikorwa cyangwa ibizamini by'amaso kugira ngo ifashe umunyeshuri wawe kwegera (guto). Ibi bishobora guha muganga w'amaso yawe ishusho nziza y'ibintu biri imbere mu jisho ryawe mugihe cyo kubisuzuma.

Pilocarpine ikora ite?

Pilocarpine ikora itera imikorere y'uturemangingo twihariye two mu jisho ryawe twitwa receptors ya muscarinic. Iyo izi receptors zikoreshejwe, zitera imitsi ikikije sisitemu yo mu jisho ryawe yo kuvana amazi mu jisho kwegera mu buryo bufungura inzira y'amazi kugirango asohoke.

Tekereza nk'uko ukuraho ikiziba cy'urwobo. Ijisho ryawe risanzwe rikora amazi yitwa aqueous humor, agomba gusohoka binyuze mu tuyira duto. Iyo izi nzira zibayeho cyangwa ntizikore neza, umuvuduko wiyongera imbere mu jisho ryawe.

Pilocarpine ifasha guhindura imiterere y'ibintu bikikije izi nzira zo kuvana amazi mu jisho, bigatuma amazi asohoka mu jisho ryawe byoroshye. Ubu buryo busanzwe butangira hagati y'iminota 15 na 30 nyuma yo gukoresha amavuta.

Uyu muti ufashwe nk'ukomeye cyane mu miti ivura glaucome. Ifite akamaro mu kugabanya umuvuduko wo mu jisho, ariko itera ingaruka zimwe zigaragara nko kwegera kw'abanyeshuri n'imihindukire y'igihe gito mu iyerekwa ryawe ugomba kwitegura.

Nkwiriye gufata pilocarpine nte?

Gukoresha amavuta yo mu jisho ya pilocarpine neza ni ngombwa kugirango ubone ibisubizo byiza mugihe ugabanya ingaruka ziterwa nayo. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye, ariko aha hari umurongo rusange wo gukoresha neza.

Mbere yo gukoresha amavuta, oza intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi. Tsindagira umutwe wawe gato hanyuma ukureho gato urupapuro rwo hasi kugirango ukore agahunda gato. Fata igikoresho cyo kuvana amavuta hejuru y'ijisho ryawe utarikoze ku jisho ryawe cyangwa urupapuro.

Shyira umubare w’amatonyi wandikiwe mu gace wazanye mu gace ko hasi k'ijisho ryawe. Nyuma yo gushyiraho amatonyi, funga ijisho ryawe buhoro ukande gato ku gice cy'imbere cy'ijisho ryawe hafi y'izuru ryawe mu gihe cy'umunota umwe. Ibi bifasha kwirinda ko umuti usukirwa mu muyoboro w'amarira yawe.

Ntabwo ukeneye gufata pilocarpine hamwe n'ibiryo cyangwa amazi kuko ishyirwa mu ijisho ryawe. Ariko, ni byiza gukoresha amatonyi mu gihe kimwe buri munsi kugira ngo ugumane urwego rumwe rw'umuti mu mubiri wawe.

Niba ukoresha indi miti y'amaso, tegera byibuze iminota 5 mbere yo gushyiraho amatonyi atandukanye. Ibi birinda ko umuti umwe wogesha undi kandi bituma buri wese agira umwanya wo kwinjizwa neza.

Nzamara Mfata Pilocarpine?

Igihe uzamara ukoresha pilocarpine biterwa n'uburwayi bwawe bwihariye n'uburyo umuvuduko w'ijisho ryawe witwara neza ku buvuzi. Abantu benshi bafite glaucoma bakeneye gukoresha imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'ijisho igihe kirekire kugira ngo barinde icyerekezo cyabo.

Umuvuzi w'amaso yawe azagenzura umuvuduko w'ijisho ryawe buri gihe, akenshi buri mezi make, kugira ngo arebe uburyo umuti ukora neza. Niba pilocarpine igabanya neza umuvuduko w'ijisho ryawe kandi ukaba uyihanganira neza, urashobora gukomeza kuyikoresha igihe cyose.

Abantu bamwe bashobora gukoresha pilocarpine mu gihe gito niba yandikiwe igikorwa cyihariye cyangwa mu gihe bategereje ko izindi mvura zitangira gukora. Abandi bashobora gukenera guhindurira ku yindi miti niba pilocarpine itagabanya umuvuduko w'ijisho ryabo bihagije cyangwa itera ingaruka zibabaje.

Ntuzigere uhagarika gukoresha pilocarpine ako kanya utabanje kuvugana n'umuvuzi w'amaso yawe. Umuvuduko w'ijisho ryawe ushobora kwiyongera vuba, bishobora gushyira icyerekezo cyawe mu kaga. Niba ufite ibibazo byerekeye umuti, muganga wawe ashobora gufasha guhindura gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi mu buryo bwizewe.

Ni Iyihe Ngaruka Ziterwa na Pilocarpine?

Abantu benshi boroherwa na pilocarpine, ariko nk'imiti yose, irashobora gutera ingaruka ziterwa nayo. Gusobanukirwa icyo witegura bishobora kugufasha kumva umeze neza ukoresha uyu muti kandi ukamenya igihe cyo kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Ingaruka zikunze kubaho ziterwa nuko pilocarpine ituma umunyeshuri wawe agabanuka (agabanuka). Ibi bishobora gutuma wumva umeze nkaho ureba mu mwobo muto, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iyerekwa ryawe ry'agateganyo.

Dore ingaruka zishobora kukubaho cyane:

• Kureba nabi, cyane cyane iyo ureba ibintu biri kure
• Kugorana kubona ahantu hatagaragara cyangwa nijoro
• Urubavu rw'amaso cyangwa kubabara, cyane cyane hafi y'igice cy'amaso yawe
• Umutwe ushobora kumva uva inyuma y'amaso yawe
• Kugurumana cyangwa kumva uruma iyo utangiye gukoresha amavuta
• Kwiruka cyane cyangwa amaso y'amazi

Izi ngaruka mubisanzwe zoroheje kandi akenshi zinoza uko amaso yawe amenyera umuti mu byumweru bike byambere byo gukoresha. Impinduka z'iyerekwa mubisanzwe zimara amasaha 4 kugeza kuri 6 nyuma yo gukoresha amavuta.

Abantu bamwe bahura n'ingaruka zitamenyerewe ariko zikomeye zisaba ubufasha bwa muganga. Vugana na muganga wawe w'amaso niba ubonye urubavu rwamaso rukomeye rutanozwa, impinduka z'iyerekwa ry'ubundi zisa nkaho zitandukanye no kureba nabi bisanzwe, cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kwibasirwa n'umubiri nk'uruhu cyangwa kubyimba.

Gahoro, pilocarpine irashobora gutera kwitandukanya kwa retina, cyane cyane kubantu bafite uburebure cyangwa bagiye kubagwa amaso mbere. Ibi ni ikibazo gikomeye gisaba ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga. Ibimenyetso byo kuburira birimo umuriro w'umucyo utunguranye, igicucu gisa n'umwenda mu iyerekwa ryawe, cyangwa kwiyongera gutunguranye kw'ibintu byo kureba.

Ninde udakwiye gufata Pilocarpine?

Mugihe pilocarpine ifite umutekano kubantu benshi, ibibazo bimwe bituma bitakwiriye cyangwa bisaba ingamba zidasanzwe. Muganga wawe w'amaso azasuzuma amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi mbere yo kwandika uyu muti.

Ntabwo ugomba gukoresha pilocarpine niba uyirwaye cyangwa niba ufite ubwoko runaka bwa glaucoma yitwa angle-closure glaucoma aho umuyoboro w'amaso yawe ufunze. Muri ibyo bihe, pilocarpine ishobora gutuma uburwayi bwawe burushaho kuba bubi.

Abantu bafite uburwayi bw'amaso runaka bakeneye gukurikiranwa byihariye mugihe bakoresha pilocarpine. Niba ufite amateka yo gutandukana kwa retina, ufite uburebure bwinshi, cyangwa wakoze ibikorwa byo kubaga amaso vuba aha, muganga wawe azagereranya inyungu n'ibibazo neza.

Uburwayi bumwe bw'ubuzima hanze y'amaso yawe bushobora no kugira uruhare niba pilocarpine ikwiriye kuri wewe. Ibi birimo indwara zikomeye z'umutima, asima, ibisebe byo munda, cyangwa guhagarika inkari. Mugihe umuti ushyirwa kumaso yawe, ibice bito bishobora kwinjira mumaraso yawe.

Abagore batwite cyangwa bonka bagomba kuganira kubyago n'inyungu na muganga wabo. Mugihe pilocarpine itaragaragazwa ko itera ubumuga bwo kuvuka, ni ngombwa kumenya neza ko umuti uwo ariwo wose ukoresha mugihe utwite ari ngombwa rwose.

Amazina ya Pilocarpine

Amavuta yo kumaso ya Pilocarpine aboneka munsi yamazina menshi yizina, nubwo farumasi nyinshi zifite verisiyo rusange. Amazina asanzwe yizina arimo Isopto Carpine, Pilocar, na Akarpine.

Pilocarpine rusange ifite akamaro kimwe na verisiyo yizina kandi akenshi ihendutse. Ibikoresho bikora birasa, nubwo ibikoresho bitagira akamaro nka preservatives bishobora gutandukana gato hagati yabakora.

Farumasi yawe irashobora gusimbuza verisiyo rusange izina ryizina keretse muganga wawe asabye byumwihariko izina ryizina kuri resept yawe. Niba ubonye itandukaniro iryo ariryo ryose muburyo amaso yawe asubiza mugihe uhinduye hagati yizina cyangwa rusange, menyesha muganga wawe w'amaso.

Uburyo bwa Pilocarpine

Niba pilocarpine itagukorera neza cyangwa ikugiraho ingaruka zitari nziza, hari izindi miti nyinshi zishobora kugufasha kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaso. Muganga w'amaso ashobora kugufasha kubona umuti mwiza ukurikije ibyo ukeneye.

Imiti ikora nka prostaglandin nka latanoprost (Xalatan) cyangwa travoprost (Travatan) akenshi igeragezwa mbere kuko ikora neza cyane kandi akenshi ikoreshwa rimwe ku munsi. Iyi miti ikora mu buryo butandukanye na pilocarpine kandi ntigira impinduka zimwe mu mikorere y'amaso.

Beta-blockers nka timolol (Timoptic) cyangwa betaxolol (Betoptic) ni ubundi buryo. Iyi miti ikunda kugira ingaruka nke ku mikorere y'amaso kurusha pilocarpine, nubwo itakwemerera kuri buri wese, cyane cyane abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z'umutima cyangwa z'ibihaha.

Alpha-agonists nka brimonidine (Alphagan) cyangwa carbonic anhydrase inhibitors nka dorzolamide (Trusopt) bitanga izindi nzira. Rimwe na rimwe, imiti ivanze irimo ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bw'imiti ivura glaucoma mu icupa rimwe birashobora koroha kandi bigatanga umusaruro mwiza.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kugusaba gukoresha laser cyangwa kubagwa niba imiti itagabanya umuvuduko w'amaso yawe uko bikwiye. Izi nzira rimwe na rimwe zirashobora kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho gukenerwa kw'amaso buri munsi.

Ese Pilocarpine iruta Timolol?

Pilocarpine na timolol ni imiti ikora neza mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaso, ariko ikora mu buryo butandukanye kandi ifite ibyiza bitandukanye. Guhitamo

Timolol akenshi ikoreshwa nk'umuti wa mbere kuko akenshi itera ingaruka nke zijyanye n'ubureba. Biragoye ko uzagira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza, ibibazo byo kutabona neza nijoro, n'umutwe bishobora kuza hamwe na pilocarpine.

Ariko, pilocarpine ishobora kuba amahitamo meza niba ufite indwara z'umutima cyangwa iz'ibihaha zituma imiti ikora nka beta-blockers nka timolol itakugirira akamaro. Abantu bamwe kandi basubiza neza ku buryo pilocarpine ikora, cyane cyane niba umuvuduko w'ijisho ryabo utagabanuka bihagije na timolol.

Umuvuzi w'amaso yawe azatekereza ku mateka yawe yose y'ubuvuzi, ubukana bwa glaucoma yawe, n'imibereho yawe ya buri munsi mugihe agushakira umuti mwiza. Abantu benshi barangiza bakoresha imiti myinshi hamwe kugirango bagire umuvuduko mwiza w'ijisho.

Ibikunze Kubazwa Kuri Pilocarpine

Ese Pilocarpine irakwiriye abarwayi ba diyabete?

Pilocarpine muri rusange irakwiriye abantu barwaye diyabete, ariko ugomba kumenyesha umuganga w'amaso yawe ibyerekeye diyabete yawe mugihe uvuga kubyerekeye uburyo bwo kuvura. Mugihe umuti ushyirwa mu jisho ryawe, ibice bito bishobora kwinjira mu maraso yawe.

Abantu barwaye diyabete basanzwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo by'amaso, harimo na glaucoma, bityo kugenzura umuvuduko w'ijisho ni ngombwa cyane. Pilocarpine irashobora kuba igice cyiza cyo gutegura uburyo bwo kwita ku maso yawe mugihe ikoreshwa munsi y'ubuyobozi bw'abaganga.

Umuvuzi wawe ashobora kwifuza kugukurikiranira hafi niba ufite diyabete, cyane cyane niba kandi ufite retinopathy ya diyabete cyangwa izindi ngorane z'amaso. Inkuru nziza ni uko kuvura glaucoma na pilocarpine bishobora gufasha kurengera icyerekezo cyawe hamwe no gucunga diyabete yawe.

Nigomba gukora iki niba nkoresheje pilocarpine nyinshi ku buryo butunganye?

Niba ukoresheje amavuta ya pilocarpine menshi kuruta uko byategetswe, ntugahagarike. Gukoresha amavuta amwe cyangwa abiri yinyongera rimwe na rimwe birashoboka ko bitazatera ibibazo bikomeye, nubwo ushobora guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye nko kutabona neza cyangwa kutumva neza kw'ijisho.

Kora isuku ijisho ryawe witonze ukoresheje amazi meza niba washyizeho amavuta menshi cyane kurusha uko byategetswe. Ibi bishobora gufasha gukuraho imiti yarenze ku ruhu rw'ijisho ryawe. Ushobora guhura n'ukwiyongera gukabije kw'imitsi y'amaso no guhinduka kw'imibonere bishobora kumara igihe kirekire kurusha uko bisanzwe.

Vugana na muganga w'amaso cyangwa umufarumasiti niba ufite impungenge z'umuti w'inyongera wakoresheje. Bashobora kukugira inama ku byo witegura kandi niba ukeneye guhindura urugero rwawe rukurikira. Mu bihe byinshi, wagusubira gukoresha gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Niba uhuye n'ibimenyetso bikomeye nk'ububabare bukomeye bw'ijisho, isesemi, kuruka, cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye nyuma yo gukoresha pilocarpine nyinshi cyane, shakisha ubufasha bw'ubuvuzi ako kanya. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byerekana ko umuti mwinshi winjiye mu mubiri wawe.

Nkwiriye gukora iki niba nciweho urugero rwa pilocarpine?

Niba waciweho urugero rwa pilocarpine, shyiraho ako kanya wibuka, keretse igihe cyegereye urugero rwawe rukurikira. Muri icyo gihe, reka urugero waciweho ukomeze gahunda yawe isanzwe.

Ntushyireho amavuta y'inyongera kugira ngo usimbure urugero waciweho. Ibi bishobora gutuma imitsi y'amaso yawe ifungana cyane kandi bigatuma ugira ingaruka zitishimira cyangwa ibibazo by'imibonere. Kwitonda ni ingenzi, ariko urugero rumwe rwaciweho ntiruzagira ingaruka ku iterambere ryawe ry'ubuvuzi.

Niba ukunda kwibagirwa urugero, gerageza gushyiraho alarme ya telefone cyangwa ukoreshe porogaramu yibutsa imiti. Abantu bamwe babona ko bifasha gushyira amavuta y'amaso mu gihe kimwe bakora ibindi bikorwa bya buri munsi nk'ukoza amenyo.

Menyesha muganga w'amaso niba ufite ibibazo byo kwibuka gukoresha amavuta yawe buri gihe. Bashobora kuba bashobora gutanga ibitekerezo byo kugufasha kuguma ku murongo cyangwa baganire niba gahunda y'imiti itandukanye yakora neza ku mibereho yawe.

Nshobora kureka gufata pilocarpine ryari?

Ugomba kureka gukoresha pilocarpine gusa igihe muganga wawe w'amaso akubwiye ko byemewe. Glaucoma na ocular hypertension ni indwara zihoraho zisaba ubuvuzi bw'igihe kirekire kugira ngo birinde gutakaza icyerekezo.

Muganga wawe azajya akurikirana umuvuduko w'amaso yawe buri gihe kandi ashobora guhindura gahunda yawe y'ubuvuzi niba ubuzima bwawe buhinduka. Rimwe na rimwe abantu bashobora kwimukira ku miti itandukanye cyangwa kugabanya urugero rwabo, ariko iki cyemezo kigomba gufatwa buri gihe hifashishijwe ubujyanama bwa muganga.

Niba urimo guhura n'ingaruka zikugora gukomeza gukoresha pilocarpine, ganira na muganga wawe w'amaso ku bindi bisubizo aho guhagarara wenyine. Hariho indi miti myinshi ikora neza ya glaucoma iboneka.

Wibuke ko kwangirika kwa glaucoma bihoraho, bityo kugenzura neza umuvuduko w'amaso ni ngombwa mu kurinda icyerekezo cyawe gisigaye. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo abone gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikora neza kandi icungwa neza ku mibereho yawe.

Nshobora gutwara imodoka nkanakoresha Pilocarpine?

Pilocarpine irashobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara neza, cyane cyane mu masaha make ya mbere nyuma yo gukoresha amavuta. Uyu muti utuma abanyeshuri bawe bagabanuka, bishobora gutuma bigora kubona neza, cyane cyane mu mucyo muke cyangwa nijoro.

Ushobora guhura n'icyerekezo kidafite isuku, cyane cyane iyo ureba ibintu biri kure, kandi ugahura n'ingorane zo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'urumuri. Izi ngaruka zikunze kuba zikomeye mu masaha ya mbere 2 kugeza kuri 4 nyuma yo gukoresha amavuta.

Nibyiza kwirinda gutwara imodoka ako kanya nyuma yo gukoresha pilocarpine kugeza umenye uko uyu muti ugira ingaruka ku cyerekezo cyawe. Abantu bamwe basanga bashobora gutwara neza amasaha make nyuma yo gukoresha amavuta, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukenera kwirinda gutwara imodoka rwose bakoresha uyu muti.

Ganira na muganga w'amaso yawe ku byerekeye ibyo ukeneye mu gutwara imodoka igihe utangiye gufata pilocarpine. Ashobora guhindura gahunda yawe yo gufata imiti cyangwa akagusaba izindi nshuti z'ubuvuzi niba gutwara imodoka ari ngombwa ku kazi kawe cyangwa mu bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi.